Furanni Grouse (Fritillaria) suna cikin asalin halittar herbaceous perennials kuma a cikin iyali Liliaceae. A cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan wannan shuka iri sama da 150. Mahalli shine lardin Arewacin, inda yanayin yanayi ke ci gaba, har ma da Asiya. Sakamakon kamanninsa na gani ga gilashin don jefa ƙasusuwa a Latin, ana kiran shi "fritillus" - wanda aka fassara shi da "pockmarked" ko "motley", don haka sunan sa na Rasha ya bayyana.
Bayani, fasali
Perennial shuka, haifuwa wanda ke faruwa tare da taimakon tsaba ko kwararan fitila. Tsarin su na son sani, tunda ba shi da babban murfi kuma a zahiri ya ƙunshi sikeli masu yawa.
Idan sun lalace, wannan zai haifar da mutuwar Grouse.
Wasu yan lambu sunfi son kiran shuka bishiyar aljanna saboda kamanninta na waje da itaciyar dabino mai yawa. Furannin suna fure ne, sun bambanta da launuka daban-daban, ana iya tattara su cikin rukuni ko kuma a shirya su a lokaci guda.
Masu kula da lambun sunyi la'akari da wannan tsire-tsire na tilas a wurin, tunda, ban da kyakkyawa, shima yana da fa'ida. An yi imani cewa warin da ke yadawa daga fure yadda yakamata ya fitar da kwayar zarra da beyar. Wasu lambu, dasa shi a kewayen kewaye da shafin, suna ƙoƙarin kare kansu daga ƙwayoyin.
Iri girki
Abin al'ada ne don bambance nau'ikan tsirrai biyu ta mazauninsu. Yanayin danshi mai laushi na tsakiyar tsinkayen yana da kyau ga rukunin farko. Tsawonsu shine 40-80 cm kawai, launi na iya bambanta.
Wadannan sun hada da:
- chess;
- Rashanci
- Ussuri
- dara-da;
- masu zina;
- cirrhosis;
- dutse da sauransu.
Rukuni na biyu na waɗannan furanni ana wakilta ta hanyar nune-nunen da suka fi son yanayin bushewa da zafi na kudancin Turai da ƙasashen Asiya.
Ana amfani da Grouse Imperial a matsayin mafi girman wakilcin wannan rukunin, tare da furanni a cikin rawaya ko lemo.
Hakanan akwai ƙananan ƙananan tsire-tsire na wannan rukunin: hazel grouse, na gabas, Zagros ko manyan-flowered. Yawancin launuka na yau da kullun waɗannan furanni sune burgundy da shunayya. Suna da kyau don ƙirƙirar gidajen lambun.
Furanni tare da kamala mai laushi na azurfa musamman ma masu ladabi da faranta ido tare da inuwa daban-daban. Wadannan nau'ikan sun hada da nau'ikan Caucasian, Armenian, Albura, rawaya da zinare. Kamchatsky, Olga, allura-like da sauransu ana rarrabe su da launuka masu launuka masu mahimmanci tare da bayanin kula da tabarau da tabarau.
| Dubawa | Bayanin |
| Na sarki (Royal) | Tsakanin 'yan lambu, nau'ikan da suka fi dacewa shine Hazel ginger Imperial ko Royal. Ya bambanta a cikin girman daga wasu nau'in wannan fure. Kara daga tsirrai ya kai 90-120 cm tsayi; manyan furanni kyawawa ne a saman sa. Lokacin fure ya zo daidai da tulips da cherries. Launuka sun bambanta - daga launin rawaya mai haske zuwa tubalin ja. Yana da matukar wahala a gaurayar wannan nau'in tare da wasu, tunda 'yan uwanta suna da ƙanshin gaske. |
| Chess | Yayi saurin yadawa da unpreentiousness a cikin abun ciki ana lura dasu a cikin hazel grouse. Muna sayar da nau'ikan fararen fata ne Alba da Aphrodite. Gaba ɗaya, masana kimiyyar halitta sun san fiye da dozin iri na wannan nau'in shuka. Chess grouse, ƙaunatattun 'yan lambu a Rasha da Turai, ke bambanta shi ta hanyar manyan furanni tare da launi mai haske. "Kwayoyin halitta" sun fito fili akan furannin launin ruwan hoda. Furen yana girma cikin gandun daji, yana tsayayya da lokacin hunturu da ambaliyar ruwa. Ana canza launin launi na launuka iri-iri - daga lilac zuwa farin fari. Sake yinsa wani lokacin shine yin shuka. |
| Mikhailovsky | Furen fure mai rauni, kawai 25 cm tsayi tare da burgundy biyu na fure tare da iyakar rawaya kewaye da gefen. A inji shi ne unpretentious, daidai tsira wintering. A yau, an kafa karamin ƙaramin ire-iren ire-iren hazel, wanda girmansa bai wuce cm 15 ba. Yaduwar wannan nau'in yana faruwa galibi ta zuriya. Akalla kowane shekaru 2-3, ana bada shawara don tono da dumama da kwararan fitila, musamman ma cikin yanayin gumi da sanyi. |
| Rashanci | An jera wannan nau'in tsire-tsire a cikin Littafin Jan. Ana samo shi a cikin yanayi akan tsaunin tudu ko tudu. Girma mai tsayi ya kai 40 cm, furanni suna da yawa, haske mai cakulan mai haske. |
| Matsakaici | Sizeananan girman da launuka masu laushi suna ba da wannan nau'in tare da irin wannan suna. A kan ɗan gajeren kara, ba fiye da 20 cm ba, akwai ɗan kuran ɗi guda ɗaya na launi mai rawaya mai haske. Sake bugun ire-iren ire-iren ire-iren wadannan abubuwa na bukatar himma da lokaci. An dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai dafi, tare da malalewa. Flow yana faruwa da wuri, nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, kuma a cikin hunturu ana girma a kan windowsill, a cikin tukunya. |
| Bahaushe | An san iri-iri tun karni na 19 kuma ya zo mana daga ƙasashen gabas. Kara yana girma zuwa 100 cm a tsayi, an shirya inflorescences a cikin mazugi a cikin adadin kusan 30 furanni masu haske. Ganyen tsire yana da launin shuɗi mai shuɗi, kuma furanni kusan baki ne. Ga alama sosai sabon abu da kyau. Zai fi kyau girma irin wannan fure a cikin ƙasa mai danshi mai dumin dumama tare da yashi, a gefen gefen wurin, inda haskoki na rana suke yin ɗumi da faɗuwa. Hakanan tana da kyau sosai, amma tana buƙatar kyakkyawan tsari tare da bushewar ganye. |
| Kamchatsky | Kamar yadda sunan yake nunawa, a cikin Kamchatka suna girma iri ɗaya sunan irin fure Grouse. A tsayi ya kai 60 cm, furanni na iya zama kusan baki ko rawaya mai haske. Kwararan fitila na wannan iri-iri suna da kama sosai a cikin Sikeli zuwa kwararan fitila Lily. Hakanan za'a iya yin haifuwa tare da taimakon sikeli. |
| Amansky | Wannan iri-iri ne matasa, girma tun 70s na karshe karni. Mafi yawa suna girma akan gangar jikin dutse tare da dogayen bushes da ciyawa. Theasar wannan nau'in itace tuddai na Libiya, Turkiya, Siriya. Itace karami ne, tsinkayen tsayi ya kai 25 cm, yana da rauni sosai, furanni masu launin shuɗi ne masu launin shuɗi. Yawancin furanni suna girma daga ƙaramin girman kwan fitila. Zai fi kyau dasa shi a gefen rana na lambu, a cikin ƙasa tare da malalewa mai kyau, ƙara lemun tsami ko alli. Furen ya ba da damar yin daidai da hunturu, amma ba shi da mahimmanci a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa a cikin fall. |
Saukowa
'Yan lambu sun fi son kayan girke-girke na hazel ga wasu tsire-tsire na lambu saboda ƙamusinsa da kyan gani. Kwakwalwa, wanda ya kunshi sikeli da yawa, ya ƙunshi buds, tare da taimakon abin da suke ninka.
Akwai ka'idoji na gaba ɗaya na dasa wannan tsiron:
- Satumba-Oktoba suna dauke dace watanni don dasa shuki, daga baya dasa zai kai ga daskarewa da kwararan fitila ko rashin fure.
- Wurin da aka bayyana sabon shuka ya kamata ya kasance rana, mai izinin inuwa mai yarda.
- Ana kulawa da fuka-fuka a hankali, lalacewa zai haifar da mutuwar fure.
- Kafin sauka a cikin ƙasa ana bi da su da maganin manganese.
- Yayi laka da ƙasa mai sanyi don dasa bai dace ba, kwararan fitila sun lalace.
- Depthwanƙwarar tsiro kusan 12 cm ne na ƙananan furanni, kusan 20 cm don babba.
- Kwararan fitila suna kwance a gefe a cikin ƙasa, yafa masa yashi mai laushi.
Gabaɗaya, ƙasar da aka dasa shuka gonar yakamata ta zama mai wadatar abinci da haske. An bada shawara don ƙara peat a cikin rijiyoyin da aka shirya.
Careauki kulawa
Shuka da kulawa da nau'ikan nau'ikan hazel haƙiƙa ƙanƙanta ne. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, furen zai yi farin ciki tare da fure mai haske da ƙaƙƙarfan itace, wanda zai zama ainihin kayan ado na lambu.
Yana da mahimmanci a shayar da takalmin hazel a kan yanayin lokacin bazara sosai, ƙasa bai kamata ta bushe ba.
Bayan an yi ruwa, a kula da gadaje kuma a yayyafa shi da peat ko itacen ash yana bada shawarar. Hakanan wajibi ne don takin shuka tare da takin bushewa na musamman. An ƙara sashin farko a ƙarshen Afrilu, na biyu - a watan Agusta.
Kiwo
Furen yana yaduwa ta tsaba ko kwararan fitila. Duk hanyoyin suna da kyau kuma suna ba da hanzari.
- Ana girbe tsaba nan da nan, da zaran ganyen shuka ya zama rawaya. Shuka ne da za'ayi a cikin ƙasa mai wadatarwa. Shekaru biyu bayan dasa shuki, kwararan kwararan fitila da aka tono sun adana su a cikin wuri mai bushe, bushe.
- Abubuwan kwararan fitila da yawancin nau'ikan hazel hatsi suna ƙaruwa da girman a kan lokaci, kuma "jariran" suna girma. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, an tono su kuma aka rarrabe su kuma aka shuka su cikin ƙasa.
Bayan fure
Bayan furanni sun shuɗe kuma akwatunan sun fara bushewa, ƙwanƙolin hazel zai yi farin ciki har tsawon wani lokaci tare da kayan lambu. Bayan haka, a kusan farkon Yuli, sun fara tono kwararan fitila da sanya su cikin ajiya. An wanke su da ruwa mai ɗumi, an bushe su a tsaftace su a cikin daki inda zafin jiki bai wuce 30 ° C ba, samar da kullun yawan iska. Sabbin Tushen suna girma a ƙarshen bazara, kuma kwararan fitila sun zama masu dacewa don dasawa.
Mr. Mazaunin bazara yayi kashedin: kurakuran da zasu iya katsewa da tsintsiyar fure
Wasu daga cikin lambu ba sa jiran shukar hazel grouse kuma dalilai da yawa na yau da kullun suna da alhakin wannan:
- sanyi da gumi lokacin bazara suna taimakawa ga lalacewar kwararan fitila (suna mai zafi da bushe a zahiri);
- ƙananan kwararan fitila (a girman da ƙasa da 5 cm ba za a yi fure ba, shuka yana samun ƙarfi);
- girma a wuri guda (sun fara rarrabawa kuma basu yi fure ba, don guje wa wannan, sun tono da adanawa kafin dasa shuki);
- Ba daidai ba saukowa zurfin
- ƙasa mara dacewa (bushe, ba ƙasa mai wadatar ba shine mafi kyawun wurin furanni);
- hunturu ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba (ƙarancin dusar ƙanƙara yana haifar da daskarewa).
Domin shuka ya yi fure kuma ya faranta ido a shekara, dole ne a kiyaye ka'idodin dasa da kulawa. Ba su buƙatar ƙoƙari da yawa, amma gonar za ta sami kyakkyawar kyakkyawa.
