Ipomoea shine asalin halitta mafi girma a cikin iyali Convolvulus. Ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da ƙasa da ke sararin duniya. 'Ya'yan itaciya masu sassauƙa, bishiyoyi da ƙananan bishiyoyi, an rufe su da ganye mai kamannin zuciya da manyan furanni masu haske, kyawawan abubuwa ne, saboda haka ana yawan amfani dasu don yin ado da lambun, farfajiyar baranda da baranda. A al'ada, yawancin lokuta ana amfani da su. M da unpretentious daukaka safe ne sosai a cikin bukatar tsakanin lambu. Itacen inabi mai saurin girma yana haifar da inuwa mai jiran tsammani a farkon bazara, furanni masu ƙanshi suna ba da gudummawa ga annashuwa da yanayi mai daɗi.
Bayanin Shuka
Ipomoea ɗan itacen inabi ne na shekara-shekara da na shekara, da ciyayi, da shukoki da dwarf. Sunan Halittar ya fassara a matsayin "tsutsa-kamar." Wannan yana nufin tsarin rhizome. Thasasshen harbe mai santsi na shimfidawa a cikin kowane kwatance nesa daga ma'anar girma. Sau da yawa nodules masu wadata a cikin abubuwan gina jiki ana kafa su akan rhizome. Ana iya cin su.
An rufe furannin da fure mai tsini-launi na launin shuɗi mai haske. Takardun ganye suna da fitila mai kama da zuciya ko ta zagaye tare da jijiya radial a farfajiya. Gashinan ganyen suna da ƙarfi, ƙarshen kuma yana da tsawo kuma yana nunawa.
Furanni na farko sun bayyana a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Suna sauya juna, suna murna da ido don sanyi. A cikin yanayin halitta, ɗaukakar safiya tana budo duk shekara. A kan matasa m harbe, a cikin axils na ganye da kuma a kan iyakar sprouts, tseren tsefe fure tare da manyan-mai dimbin yawa fure mai siffa fure. Dimbin corolla wanda ke wakiltar yankunanta ya kai cm 12. Alkawunansu sun bude da sassafe, a cikin sararin samaniya. Dare da rana a kan girgije. Petals na iya samun fari, ja, ruwan hoda ko shuɗi launi, zama monophonic, biyu ko uku masu launin. Filamentous stamens tare da manyan anthers da shafi na ovary peep fita daga tsakiyar bututu.
Pollination na faruwa ne da taimakon kwari da iska. Bayan haka, manyan baƙar fata suna yawo a cikin kwalaye masu rufewa. Suna da siffar triangular da wani yanki mai taushi.
Yawan nau'ikan iri
Consideredabilar Ipomoea ana ɗauka mafi girma a cikin dangi. Ya ƙunshi nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 1000. Fiye da rabi ana amfani dasu a ƙirar ƙasa. Baya ga manyan (nau'in) martaba na safiya, akwai nau'in kiwo. Kusan dukkanin farennunn safiyar lambu sune tsirrai,
Ipomoea Neil. An zana shi a tsawon tsawon itacen inabi tare da tsire-tsire mai laushi masu tasowa har zuwa 3 m a tsawon. An rufe shi da manyan kayan fure masu haɓakawa ga dogayen fure. Leaflet ana fentin cikin launin kore mai duhu. Tsakanin su, furanni mai launin toka masu launin ja, ruwan hoda, shuɗi da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Girman dutsen da aka bude ya kai 10 cm.
- Serenade - ɗaukakar safe da duhu tare da furanni masu duhu mai duhu tare da diamita na 8 cm;
- Picoti - furanni masu shuɗi da shuɗi furanni masu launin shuɗi da rabin tare da farin iyaka.
Dare da safe Ipomoea. M ciyawa mai saurin ciyawa suna girma 3-6 m tsawon. An rufe su da ganye-mai siffa zuciya da kuma fure manyan furanni masu farin dusar ƙanƙara tare da diamita na har zuwa cm 10 The buds suna buɗe da daddare ko a cikin girgije. Suna exude ƙanshi mai ƙarfi.
Ipomoea Kvamoklit. A shekara-shekara iri-iri yana da wani sabon abu foliage tsarin. Openwork ganye da aka disse ya ba da jujjuyawar yaduwar launuka mai kama da iska, mai kama da yadin da aka saka. Flowersan furanni furanni masu ɗamari suna girma tsakanin ganye tare da diamita na har zuwa cm 2. Yayin da suke girma, kowane toho na ja ya zama mai fari-fari.
Ipomoea tricolor. Godiya ga matakai na gewaye, babban itacen tsintsiya yana kama da daji mai rarrafe har zuwa mita 5 a diamita. Fulawa ya fara a cikin 'yan shekaru. A kan girma shuka, manyan (har zuwa 10 cm) furanni fure tsakanin m haske kore ganye. An tattara su cikin rukuni na 3-4 buds. Iri:
- Sky blue - yana da launi mai haske mai launin shuɗi tare da jijiyoyin bakin ciki na bakin ciki kusa da cibiyar;
- Saucer mai yawo - furanni tare da diamita na 15 cm an rufe shi da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da fari ratsi.
Ipomoea Batat. Shuka tare da tsire-tsire masu saurin ciyawa suna girma har zuwa mita 5. Tsawon manyan longan itacen olong girma a kan rhizome. Naman jikinsu mai ruwan hoda ne. Yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar yana bambanta sosai kuma yana ɗaukar kilogiram 0.2-3. Tare da tsawon vines ɗin, ganye mai fasalin zuciya ko dabino. A cikin sinuses akwai manyan furanni masu ruwan hoda, fari ko launi na Lilac.
Yawancin suna da ban sha'awa sosai Jojiya mai dadi. Wannan ɗaukakar ampoule na safiya ya tsiro da ganye mai launin shuɗi-mai kamshi mai kama da launi. Tsawon Leaf ya kai cm 15. furanni mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi-kane a cikin nodes.
Ipomoea Mina Lobata. M shekara-shekara mai sassauci tare da harbe-tsawan 1-3 m. Mai tushe an rufe shi da kyawawan ganye na fure mai launi mai haske. Uku-lobed ganye-girma a kan mai laushi petioles. A cikin zunubansu a tsakiyar bazara, ƙananan furanni na wani sabon abu sun bayyana. Budarwar da bututun bakin ciki baya buɗe kuma na waje yayi kama da ayaba. Petals suna canza launi daga ja zuwa orange da rawaya.
Yaduwa da ɗaukaka na safe
Hanya mafi sauki kuma mafi dacewa ta yayata daukaka a safiyar shine iri. Tunda a yanayin yanayi mai zafi, ana girma tsire-tsire kamar shekara-shekara, an shuka tsire-tsire kafin shuka. Idan kun shuka su a cikin Maris, to, fure zai fara a tsakiyar bazara. Kwana biyu kafin shuka, suna cikin danshi (25-30 ° C), tsaftataccen ruwa. Idan harsashi bai dame shi ba, ya lalace tare da fayil ko allura (ba da wuya).
Don dasa, yi amfani da cakuda ƙasa mai yalwa da yumɓu da yumɓu da aka ƙera. Ana zuba ƙasa a cikin kwalliya mara laushi ko kofuna waɗanda peat. An binne tsaba a cikin 1-1.5 cm. Ana shayar da ƙasa kuma an rufe kwantena tare da fim. Ana fitar da iskar gas ta yau da kullun kuma an fesa ta ƙasa. A zazzabi na + 18 ... + 20 ° C, shuga ya bayyana bayan sati 2. Seedlings 15 cm tsawo fara kunnen doki, wanda ya sa itacen inabi girma da karfi. Don samun busasshen daji a wannan zamani, tsunkule saman.
Ana iya yaɗa ɗaukakar safiya ta sassafe ta hanyar yanke. Don wannan, ana yanke harbe-harbe a cikin bazara na tsawon cm cm 15-20 Kowane yakamata ya ƙunshi ƙarar 2-3. Cutananan ƙananan an yi shi a nesa na 1.5 cm daga wurin, a wani kusurwa na 45 °. An cire ƙananan ganye. Ana aiwatar da Rooting cikin ruwa a zazzabi + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Tare da zuwan farkon Tushen, ana dasa tsire-tsire zuwa ƙasa mai yashi. Bayan mako guda, suna daidaitawa sosai kuma suna fara haɓaka da sauri.
Saukowa da kulawa
Irin lambun da daukakar safiya suna da sauri-girma kuma ba a bayyana su ba. Su za a iya dasa a cikin ƙasa bude ko girma a cikin baranda a cikin kwantena. Seedlings an koma wurin flowerbed a ƙarshen Mayu ko farkon Yuni. A kasar gona ya kamata dumama da kyau gaba daya daskare sanyi.
Don shuka, kuna buƙatar zaɓar rana, bude wurin ba tare da zane mai ƙarfi ba. Iska mai iska zata iya tsinkayar da itacen inabin daga goyon bayan ta. An rarraba 'yan ƙwaya a cikin rami mara zurfi tare da nesa na kusan cm 20. Don kada ya lalata tushen, ya zama dole don adana tsohuwar dunƙule ƙasar ko dasa tsire-tsire tare da tukwan peat.
Nan da nan bayan dasa, ana kafa tallafi ta hanyar trellis, igiyoyi ko layin kamun kifi. Don yin mafi kyawun reshen Liana mafi kyau, tsunkule saman babban shoot. Forasa don dasa ɗaukaka da safe dole ne ta kasance mai sakewa kuma m. Asan da ta dace tare da tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ɗanɗano acidic. Idan ya cancanta, ana kawo peat, yashi da ciyawar ganye a cikin ƙasa.
Ipomoea yana son danshi. Tana buƙatar yawan ruwa da wadataccen ruwa. Idan babu ruwan sama na halitta, ana shayar da kowace rana. Wajen ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance mai ɗanɗano kullun, amma tsinkaye ruwa ba ya yarda da su. Tun daga farkon Satumba, ba a taɓa yin malami ba sau ɗaya, ba barin saman ya bushe.
Sau biyu a wata, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire a ɗakunan ma'adinai na duniya don tsire-tsire na fure. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi mahadi tare da ƙananan abun ciki na nitrogen. Lokaci-lokaci, ya kamata ka bincika tsirrai, yanke bushe da rassan rassan, da inflorescences wilted.
A cikin kaka, ɗaukaka safe na lambun ya fara bushewa. Ba za ta iya rayuwa a lokacin sanyi ba, saboda haka an sare ciyayi, an kuma lalata wurin. A baranda mai dumi, daukakar safiya na iya wuce gona da iri. Don yin wannan, ya zama dole don kula da yawan zafin jiki na kimanin + 15 ... + 18 ° C da kyakkyawan fitila.
An bambanta Ipomoea ta hanyar rigakafi mai ƙarfi. Sai kawai tare da tsawan ambaliya na ƙasa, dampness da ƙarancin yanayin zafi naman naman ya fito. Babban karin kwari na shuka shine kwari gizo-gizo da aphids. Sun zauna a cikin ganyayyaki kuma suna sha duk ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Lokacin da ƙananan yadudduka da cobwebs suka bayyana a gefen ganye, yana da mahimmanci a bincika duk tsire-tsire kuma a gudanar da maganin kashe kwari (Actellik, Aktara, Fitoverm).
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Gloryawar asubahi ta kasance kyakkyawar kayan ado don saman tsaye. Tare da taimakonsa, yana yiwuwa a rufe wuraren matsalar, yi ado arbor da ƙirƙirar allo daga idanuwan prying. Wasu nau'in suna girma kamar tsire-tsire mai banƙyama, suna ajiye su akan baranda, veranda ko terrace.
Za a iya haɗa Ipomoea tare da inabin daji, aiwi, hops ko wasu tsire-tsire hawa. Liana na iya amintuwa ta ragargaza itace, shinge da ganuwar. Yana aikatawa mara haushi kuma ba zai bar lalacewa a saman ba.
