Currant suna yin soyayya a banza. Gaskiya wannan kantin abinci ne na bitamin, ma'adanai da abubuwan gina jiki. Berry yana haɓaka rigakafi kuma yana ƙarfafa tsarin zuciya. Kuma a ƙarshe, wannan kyakkyawan magani ne mai ƙarancin farin ciki da ƙanshin da ba a iya bayyanawa ba. Saboda haka, ana iya gani a cikin kowane shinge na lambu. Amma ba kowa bane zaiyi alfahari da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Yadda za a dasa blackcurrant domin ya ba da 'ya'ya? Me yakamata ayi la'akari dashi lokacin zabar wurin da lokacin sauka?
Yaushe shuka blackcurrant
Akwai ra'ayin cewa currants tsire-tsire ne marasa misaltawa, suna da tushe a kowane yanayi, kuma kuna iya shuka shi a kowane lokaci na shekara. Gaskiya wannan gaskiyane, amma ɗauka tushe da 'ya'ya' abubuwa biyu ne daban. Domin shuka ya ba da girbi mai kyau, ya zama dole a lura da sauki, amma mahimmin yanayi.
Na farkon su: shi ne mafi kyau shuka daji a cikin fall. Lokacin saukowa ya bambanta daga yanki. Mafi kyawun zaɓi: ƙarshen Satumba - tsakiyar Oktoba. Yana da mahimmanci cewa inanyen da ke cikin jari suna da makonni 3-3 kafin farkon sanyi. A wannan lokacin, mai shuka zai mayar da tushen tushen kuma zai kasance a shirye zuwa hunturu. Da bazara, za a matse ƙasa a tushen, wanda zai ba su damar karɓar abinci mai gina jiki cikakke.
Tsarin bazara zai buƙaci ƙarin matsala, kuma Berry da aka ɗanɗana ɗanɗana wahala. A cikin bazara, yana da kyau a dasa a wuraren da murfin dusar ƙanƙara ba ta da zurfi, kuma akwai haɗarin daskarewa Tushen. Ana dasa currants a watan Afrilu, da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. Tsarin daskararren ƙasa yakamata ya zama cm 20. Wanda yake da ƙasa shine lokacin hurawar bazara, mafi kyawun seedling zai ɗauki tushe. Currants farka da wuri, ya zama dole dasa shi kafin a buɗe ayoyin.
Inda za a dasa seedling
Lokacin zabar wurin dindindin, ana yin la'akari da sigogi masu zuwa:
- abun da ke ciki
- wuri
- Haske
- magabata da makwabta.
Kasa abun da ke ciki
Currant fi son m chernozem, ke tsiro da kyau da kuma 'ya'yan itace a kan yashi ko matsakaici loamy kasa. Za'a iya inganta ƙasa don biyan bukatun daji. Organic an kara da yashi loam, Organic da takin mai magani ana kara wa loamy. Kasar acidic itace lemun tsami. Don yin wannan, a cikin kaka lokacin tono, ana lissafta lemun tsami a ƙimar 40 kilogram na ɗari murabba'in mita. Haka kuma, yana da muhimmanci a san cewa yawan ruwan lemun tsami yana cutar da ƙasa. Idan ba a haƙa ƙasa ba, to, ana aiwatar da aikin haɓakar cikin gida: suna yin ramin rami mai faɗi kuma suna cika su da ƙasa mai ma'ana tare da humus kuma suna ƙara 200 g na ƙasa.
Wuri
Don berries, an fi son wuraren haske da iska mai gogewa. Guji wuraren da ruwan ƙasa ya fi mita ɗaya da rabi daga doron ƙasa. Wurin da ya dace ko rami mai ladabi tare da gangara zuwa yamma ko arewa maso yamma zai dace da ita. Lowasan ƙananan ƙananan don blackcurrant basu da kyau.
Haske
Blackcurrant shine tsire-tsire masu daukar hoto. Zai iya girma cikin inuwa mai haske. A lokaci guda, da berries za su fi girma akan kan bushes girma a cikin yankunan m, amma lura more acidic a cikin dandano.
Magabata da makwabta
Don kauce wa kamuwa da cuta, ba a dasa bishiran a cikin yankunan da raspberries, gooseberries ko currants suka mamaye. Sauran 'ya'yan itacen, Berry, ko kayan lambu na iya zama magabata na kwarai.
Guji yankuna tare da buckthorn teku, raspberries, gooseberries da cherries. Tushen ruwan buckthorn na teku ya bazu 10 mita kuma suna kangara, a kan matakin guda ɗaya kamar tushen, don haka buckthorn teku da currants zasu yi yaƙi don danshi da abinci mai gina jiki. Raspberries da cherries girma da sauri kuma nutsar da daji. Tare da gooseberries, suna da aboki gama gari, wuta guzberi, don haka don rigakafin kamuwa da cuta ya fi kyau dasa bishiyar tafi. Kada ku dasa currants a cikin kusancin bishiyoyi, musamman pine ko gyada. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa Pine acidifies kasar gona. Gyada yana jin nauyin duk ciyawar da ke kusa.
Yana da kyau a shuka iri da yawa a kusa: tsarkewar pollination yana ƙara yawan haɓaka. Saboda giciye-pollination, yawan ƙwayoyin kwayoyi suna ƙaruwa, kuma thean itacen ya zama mafi girma.
Blackcurrant daji: dasa da kulawa, makirci, nesa
Babban dokar lokacin sanya bushes a kan yanar gizon mai sauki ne: wajibi ne a dasa domin shukawar ta kasance mai gamsarwa, kuma a lokaci guda ya dace da ɗaukar berries.
Currants suna bukatar daki. Ka tuna cewa ya kamata a rabu da shi daga bishiyun 'ya'yan itace aƙalla 2,5 m. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin layuka, bar saiti tsakanin 2 zuwa 3, a jere barin aƙalla mita ɗaya da rabi tsakanin bushes. A takaice mafi nisa, bushes zai yi tsani da juna, kuma yawan aiki zai ragu. Bugu da kari, ana rage tsawon rai na bushes. Idan kuna shirin dasa currants tare da shinge, kada ku ceci sarari, ja da baya ɗaya da rabi zuwa mita biyu daga shinge.
Blackcurrant dasa juna a cikin layuka
Abinda za'a shuka a kusa dashi
Dokokin ƙauyuka uku sune duniya ga kowa a gonar:
- Kada ku dasa shuki a kusa idan sun kasance iri ɗaya ne ko kuma ku ci abinci mai gina jiki.
- Ga tsire-tsire masu matakan iri-iri, yi la'akari da ko tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin girma-ƙauna ne. Idan tsinkun tsire-tsire mai hoto ne mai hoto, kar ku shuka ta a ƙarƙashin mai tsayi.
- Yi la'akari da zurfin wuri na tushen kuma ka tuna cewa Tushen sun sami damar kare yankin su da taimakon phytotoxins.
Ta hanyar waɗannan ƙa'idodi, zamu ƙayyade wanne maƙami ne mai amfani kuma wanda zai zalunta shuka.
Ba daidai ba ne
Don blackcurrant, kusancin zuwa buckthorn teku, raspberries, itacen apple, da cherries ba a yarda da su ba. Maƙwabta suna da kyau don pear da ceri. Dole ne kuma a dasa masu launin ja.
Za a iya dasa nan kusa
Kyakkyawan makwabta zasu zama zuma da hutu. Cigaba da tafarnuwa na Berry, calendula, Urushalima artichoke. Maƙwabta madaidaiciya ita ce baka. Ba su tsoma baki tare da juna ba, kuma albasa suna kare currants daga kaska. Kuna buƙatar dasa albasa a cikin bazara, wannan zai samar da kariya ga harbe matasa a cikin bazara.
Albasa kare matasa currants daga kashin koda
Yadda ake shuka
Kowane mai lambu yana da sirrin nasa ga nasara. Amma kowa ya yarda cewa dalilai da yawa sun ƙaddara nasarar, kamar:
- ingancin seedlings,
- dace saukowa
- m kulawa.
Yadda za a zabi kayan dasa?
Na farko, zabi mafi kyau zoned iri. Sun fi dacewa da yanayin yankin ku kuma tare da kulawa da kyau zai ba da girbi mai kyau.
Abu na biyu, ya kamata ka zaɓi kayan kayan shuka masu inganci. Don currants, waɗannan sune seedlings shekara-shekara ko biyu. Seedlings ya kamata ba tare da ganye, mai ƙarfi. Devidive lokacin zabar shine raunin cututtuka da kyakkyawan yanayin Tushen. Kirki mai lafiya yana da ingantacciyar tushen tsirarwa da tushen kwarangwal 3-4 na tsawon cm cm 75 Don ingantaccen seedling, harbe biyu ko uku 40 cm sun isa A cikin ingantaccen seedling, kodan suna kusa da gangar jikin, babu aibobi.
Idan koda yana kama da kumburi, zagaye, da alama kodan koda ya sauka a ciki.
A lokacin sufuri, kar a bada izinin Tushen ya bushe. Don kare tushen, suna buƙatar a rufe su da kyalle mai ɗumi ko a nannade cikin fim.
Ingancin blackcurrant seedling
Dace dace
Dasa ramuka za'a iya haƙa shi nan da nan kafin dasa shuki, amma yana da kyau a shirya su a gaba, mako biyu kafin dasa shuki, saboda ƙasa ta zauna kuma an gabatar da sinadarin chlorine tare da taki. Rami shiri:
- Zaɓi wurin da ya dace da haske.
- Sanya ramuka a nesa na 2 m daga juna. Ramin saukar da ƙasa ya kamata ya zama kusan 60 cm a diamita da kusan rabin mitir zurfi.
- A kasan ramin saitin, zuba humus cikin tudun, cike gurbin ramin da kashi uku. Aara gilashin ash ash, Mix.
Dasa shuki:
- Binciki asalin. Idan akwai wasu lalacewa, yanke su da mai gudan.
- Idan kuna amfani da takin ma'adinai, ku rufe su saman tare da ƙasa mai daɗi don kada ku ƙone tushen da takin mai magani.
- Sanya seedling a cikin rami, a hankali yada tushen. Kada a dasa seedling a tsaye a cikin ramin, amma a wani kusurwa na 45 ˚.
- Kula da gaskiyar cewa ya kamata tushen tushe ya zama 6 cm a ƙasa daga gefen ramin. Saurin saukarwa tare da gangara yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar daji mai ƙarfi: sababbin Tushen za su bayyana kuma daji zai yi girma a cikin nisa saboda sabon harbe.
- Yayyafa seedling tare da ƙasa, ƙoƙarin cika sarari tsakanin asalin. Abin da ya fi dacewa mu dasa tare: ɗayan yana riƙe da sipling, na biyu ya zubo duniya.
- Lyauka ɗaukar ƙasa.
- Ruwa: rabin guga a kowane rami. Saboda haka, ana haɗa ƙasa daga tushen sa. Don currants, wannan yana da mahimmanci. Ba ta son voids a tushen.
- Cika rami gaba ɗaya tare da ƙasa.
- Kirkiro rami a kusa da daji da ruwa sosai.
- Gyara dazuwan dajin da aka shuka. Sun yanke shi kamar haka: An kirga kodan 4-5 daga ƙasa, an yanke ɗanyar fitsari sama da na biyar. Wannan zai ba da damar seedling yayi girma sababbin Tushen kuma ba da yawa da karfi da karfi harbe a cikin bazara.
Za a iya yanke guntu cikin yanka da tushe. Zai kasance abu mai kyau na shuka.
- Fitar da abin da ya dace don kauce wa jingina.
- Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka don hunturu, yakamata a dasa ciyawa zuwa tsayin 12-15 cm don rufe tushen kuma kare su daga daskarewa. A cikin bazara don cim.
Daidai matsayin seedling lokacin dasa
Bidiyo: Yadda ake dasa blackcurrant daidai
Canza zuwa sabon wuri
Wani lokaci kuna buƙatar juyawa currant bushes zuwa sabon wuri. Irin wannan bukatar ta taso idan
- kuna matsawa zuwa wani sabon wuri
- dogayen bishiyoyi sun girma a cikin unguwa
- isasar ta ƙare
- kuna shirin yin gini a shafin.
Canza wani daji ya ɗan bambanta daga dasa shuki, amma akwai manufa ɗaya kawai: don tabbatar da rayuwa tushen. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar yin wannan a cikin fall. Kuma la'akari da cewa bushes girmi shekaru 4 basu dace da dasawa ba. Tsarin aiki
- Nemo wuri mai dacewa: mai haske, mai tsari daga iska.
- Landasar ƙasa daga ciyawa, tono.
- Dafa ramin. Don nan da nan don samar da mafi kyawun wadataccen ƙasa mai tuddai, ramin ya kamata a haƙa mafi fadi, aƙalla 70 cm a diamita da zurfin bayonets biyu. An shirya ramin makonni 2 kafin dasawa.
- Yi ƙasa mai gina jiki: zuba taki, humus, ash a cikin rami.
- Shirya daji don dasawa. Yanke tsoffin rassan tare da keɓaɓɓun tushe a gindi. Matasa harbe a yanka a cikin rabin. Godiya ga pruning, daji a cikin sabon wuri zai ba da ƙarfi don sake dawowa da gina tushen tushen kuma ba zai ji rauni ba.
- Tona daji bayonets biyu a zurfi kuma a hankali cire shi daga ƙasa, da hankali kar ku lalata tushen sa.
- Zuba ruwa a cikin rami da aka shirya. Entasar mai gina jiki dole ne ya kasance mai ruwa cikin daidaito.
- Idan daji bashi da lafiya, bincika a hankali ka cire asalin cutar, kwari. Kurkura Tushen kuma riƙe cikin mafita mai ƙarfi na potassiumgangan.
- Rage daji cikin rami tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki mai ruwa. Tabbatar cewa tushen wuyan daji ya kai 6-8 cm a ƙasa daga gefen ramin kuma cika shi da ƙasa.
- Ruwa mai kyau da ciyawa. Watering zai haɗa ƙasa a tushen, kuma ciyawa zata hana bushewar ƙasa da samuwar ɓawon burodi a farfajiya.
Sannan suna kula da su kamar yadda suka saba: shayar da su sosai, ciyar da su da kuma kan lokaci.
Bidiyo: Yadda ake juya currants zuwa sabon wuri
Domin blackcurrant ya ba da 'ya'ya na gaske, kuna buƙatar daidai zabi lokaci da wurin dasa, zaɓi kayan dasa kayan ingancin da kuma shirya ƙasa. Waɗannan ƙa'idodin dasa abubuwa masu sauƙi zasu taimaka maka samun babban yawan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a nan gaba.
