Nastya wani nau'in innabi ne na musamman: yawancin sabbin nau'ikan suna bayyana kowace shekara, kuma shi, ɗan asalin Tarayyar Soviet ne, har yanzu yana cikin manyan kyawawan innabi goma. Sakamakon kayan ɗanɗano mai ɗorewa da unpreentiousness ga yanayin girma, Nastya da gaskiya yana ɗaukar wuri mai dacewa duka a cikin gidajen lambuna na mai son da kuma gonakin gonakin manyan gonaki.
Tarihin girma inabi Nastya
Aƙalla gaskiyar cewa an santa kuma an girma cikin adadi mai yawa har ma a cikin mafi yawan '' innabi '- Faransa, waɗanda mazaunanta sun saba da nau'in innabi, yayi magana game da shahararrun iri-iri. Tsarin 'ya'yan inabi na Nastya (suna na tsakiya - Arcadia) ya bayyana a zamanin USSR kuma har yanzu yana cikin ƙaunatattun ƙaunatattun ƙasashe na duk jihohin da ke ɓangaren ta.
Nastya ya buge da mai shayarwa E.N. Dokuchaeva a Cibiyar V.E. Tairov na Viticulture da Winemaking (Odessa) ta hanyar ƙetare nau'in innabi na Cardinal da Moldova. Dukkanin "magabatansu" iri biyu ne na tebur. Yana da kyau a faɗi cewa an nau'ikan nau'ikan inabi da yawa daga iri iri, amma Nastya yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun wannan jerin, shahararrun duka.
Cardinal - ɗayan iyayen Nastya - ba ta kama da ita ba
Ta hanyar ƙoƙarin E. N. Dokuchaeva wanda aka haife shi a 1926 a cikin garin Michurinsk a cikin yankin Tambov, an ba da nau'ikan inabi sama da 60 tare da ma'aikatan Cibiyar, yawancinsu suna cikin Rajistar Van ire-ire na Yammacin Yankin Ukraine ko kuma aka mallaka. Kuma an baiwa mai shayarwar lambar girmamawa ta Soviet - Umarni na abokantaka na jama'ar, badakala ta girmamawa, Red Banner of Labour.
Yana da kyau a sani cewa "iyayen" Nastya nau'ikan duhu ne. Amma 'yarsu' yar fari ce mai launuka iri-iri. Waɗannan su ne abubuwan al'ajabi na ilimin halittar jini.
Bayanin sa
Nastya wani nau'in innabi ne na farkon, wanda ya cancanci a cikin masu rikodin don samarwa. A sanannen berries sanannun dandano mai kyau, kuma iri-iri da kanta ba shi da ma'ana a cikin namo, mai tsananin sanyi.
Bushes, dangane da yankin da yanayin girma, girma daga matsakaici zuwa tsayi tsirrai. Matsakaicin harbe akan abin da berries ke girma ya zuwa 75% na adadin su. A karkashin yanayin yanayi na yau da kullun, harbe suna da lokaci don yin riƙo a kan bazara kusan tsawon tsawon. Tsawon yana da tsawo sosai, wanda yakamata a yi la’akari da lokacin da ake huda. Hakanan mafi kyawu shine ɗaure mafi tsayi matasa tare da ƙarin kore, da zaran sun isa tsayin mita 1.5-2. Nastya yana da farantin ganye na ƙanƙane guda biyar, dan kadan a ƙasa.
Nastya yana da manyan bushes, kuma akwai berries mai yawa a kansu
A iri-iri ne quite sanyi-resistant, wanda damar shi ya girma a kudu da kuma a tsakiyar yankin na Russia. Amma a tsakiyar layin yana buƙatar buƙatar tsari mai sauƙi don hunturu, saboda yana iya tsayayya da frosts kawai zuwa -22 game daC, kuma yana ƙarƙashin fasahar aikin gona mai zurfi - digiri biyu kawai. Yana da kyakkyawar juriya ga cututtukan daban-daban, amma yana buƙatar spraying na rigakafi, bayan wanda kusan ba shi shafar mildew da oidium.
Nastya ya shahara saboda yawan kayan masarufi, kuma idan ba'a ɗauki nauyin ba, duk berries ɗin har yana da lokaci don ya huda, amma wannan ba shi da kyau: wannan yanayin yana shafar yanayin shuka.
An cika nauyin tare da girbi, vines ɗin ba ta huda da kaka kuma a sakamakon mutuƙar kusan tsawon duka, wanda ke haifar da raguwa mai kaifi a cikin jimlar girbi na shekara mai zuwa. Amma har ma da gaba ɗaya m ɓangare na bushes, batun da mutuncin tushen tsarin, yana da sauri mayar.
Daban-daban suna farkon, amma ba super farkon: daga farkawa daga buds zuwa girbi, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 120, kuma a tsakiyar layi babban girbi na berries faruwa a watan Satumba. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, farkon berries ya girma ta tsakiyar watan Agusta. Gungu na Nastya suna da girma sosai, suna da yawa a ciki da sikila, amma za'a iya samo samfuran cylindrical. Tsarin gungu na matsakaiciyar matsakaici: zaka iya samun biyun kyawawan furanni, da sako-sako, ba babba sosai. Koyaya, bunan bunches suna da nauyin ƙasa da 500 g. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, matsakaicin nauyi shine kimanin 900 g, amma bunches yana ɗaukar nauyin biyu, ko ma kilo uku, sau da yawa suna girma.
Furannin Nastya na bisexual ne, don haka za ta iya girma kuma ta ba da 'ya'ya dabam dabam da sauran nau'in innabi: ba a buƙatar fitar da furannin furanni, kuma kusan furanni ɗari ne ke fid da furanni. Akasin haka, Nastya isasshen pollinator ne ga wasu nau'ikan.
Berries wani lokaci ana zagaye, amma kusan koyaushe girma da ɗan elongated har ma tsallake. Girman daskararren berries daga 25 mm ne kuma a sama, har zuwa 35 mm, nauyi yana daga 8 zuwa 15. guguwar ƙwayar jikin fure ce, mai laushi sosai, fatar bakin ciki ce, ba ta da tushe. A cikin yanayin fasaha, suna da launi mai launin shuɗi, kuma idan suka cika sosai, sai su juya zuwa cikin amber-yellow, an rufe su da wani farin waxy shafi. Tasteanɗano na berries yana da kyau kwarai. Abubuwan da ke cikin acid da sugars suna da daidaituwa sosai a ciki, yana ba ku damar cin abinci mai yawa daga cikinsu. Abubuwan da ke cikin sukari ba ya wuce 16%, kuma jimlar acid shine 5-6 g / l. Sabili da haka, ga waɗanda mutanen da suke jin tsoron samun lafiya, wannan shine ɗayan nau'in innabi mafi dacewa. Lokacin cinyewa, ana jin ƙanshi mai daɗin ji da mascat.
'Ya'yan Nastya na berries suna da launi masu canzawa dangane da lokaci da haske
A dangane da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na berries, Nastya wani nau'i ne da yawa don amfanin sabo. Haka ne, kuma abin takaici ne a kyale shi ya sake yin amfani da shi! A lokaci guda, ba abu mai sauƙi ba ga dangi ɗaya su jimre da babban girbin. Shiryayyar rayuwar berries tayi kyau, safarar ma yana da kyau, amma daga daji ɗaya zaka iya tattarawa har zuwa kilo 40, ko ma fiye da berries. A cikin firiji da misalin 0 game daTunda an adana su har zuwa watanni 3, amma masu sanyaya gida sunfi girma sosai.
Tabbas, zaku iya matsi ruwan 'ya'yan itace, dafa kuran, bushe bushe. Amma Nastya bai dace da yin giya ba. Tabbas, ruwan 'ya'yan itace yana fermented na yau da kullun, amma dandano na sakamakon samfurin yana da matsakaici. Koyaya, wannan tebur iri-iri ne duka mashahuri tsakanin mazauna bazara da manoma tsunduma a cikin namo inabi domin dalilai na kasuwanci.
Bidiyo: Nastya (Arcadia) a kan bushes
Halayen nau'in innabi Nastya
Bayan bincika kwatancen 'ya'yan inabi Nastya, za mu yi kokarin ba shi cikakken bayanin. Tabbas, ta kowane alama, zaku iya samun mafi kyawun kuma mafi munanan nau'ikan, amma ta jimlar halayen, wannan nau'in yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau. Don haka, akwai 'ya'yan inabi na farkon ripening, tare da manyan berries. Akwai berries tare da yawan sukari mai yawa, rayuwar shiryayye mai tsawo. Akwai bushes, m mai saukin kamuwa da cutar kuma mafi sanyi-resistant. Amma babu kyawawan iri, kuma tabbas ba zai taɓa kasancewa ba. Kuma a cikin kayan masarufi na Nastya suna daidaita sosai, suna ba da shawarar shi don haɓaka ga kowane mazaunin rani ko manomi.
Daga cikin mahimmancin abubuwan Nastya sun hada da:
- kyakkyawan ɗanɗano na berries;
- bayyanar kyakkyawa, gami da tsari da launi;
- girman duka berries da bunches gaba ɗaya;
- kyakkyawan adana amfanin gona;
- babban sufuri;
- farkon ripening na berries;
- samfuri mai girma sosai (har zuwa kilogiram 40 a kowane daji);
- tsirar fure, wanda baya buƙatar dasa shrin ƙofar gaba na wani innabi daban-daban, yana matsayin mai aikin pollinator;
- babban juriya na sanyi, wanda ke ba da damar koda a tsakiyar layin zuwa hunturu a karkashin tsari mai sauƙi;
- sauƙi na yaduwa ta hanyar yanke;
- sauƙi na namo;
- jure mildew.
Kamar kowane innabi, shima yana da nasarorin, kuma yana da matukar mahimmanci:
- hali don yin rashin lafiya tare da launin toka da oidium ba tare da jiyya ta musamman ba;
- fatattaka daga berries a lokacin waterlogging na kasar gona.
Wataƙila, Nastya ba shi da sauran kasawa mai rauni. Daban-daban, bisa ga yawancin alamu, ya mamaye babban matsayi tsakanin nau'in innabi na farkon tsiro. Kuma fa'idodin da aka tattauna a sama suna sa namo shi kuma ya zama mai tsada.
Siffofin dasa shuki da amfanin gona
Ko da mazaunan bazara na rani na iya shuka Nastya a rukuninsu, tunda kula da wannan innabi abu ne mai sauqi. Babu ka'idojin dasa, ko mahimman ka'idodin kulawa ba bambanta da waɗanda suke cikin yanayin wasu nau'in tebur.
Kamar kowane innabi, Nastya yana son wuraren rana masu kariya daga iska mai sanyi. A bu mai kyau ganuwar gidan ko babban shinge ba tare da kariya ba daga shingen arewa daga gefen arewa. Ba matsala ba ne ka sayi safarar Nastya, amma ba lallai ne ka yi wannan ba “a gefe”, amma daga masu siyarwa waɗanda aƙalla suna da wasu takardu don kaya. Amma Nastya yana da sauƙin yadawa ta hanyar ƙwaya, tsira daga abin da yake kusan kashi ɗari. Sabili da haka, idan kun sami ƙaya, zaku iya shuka kanku seedling. Lokacin zabar seedling, babban abu shine cewa yana da tushen lafiya. Nan da nan kafin dasa, da seedling dole ne a saka a cikin ruwa na kwana daya, a yanka dan kadan da tukwici daga cikin tushen domin ya cika da danshi. Kuna iya dasa inabi a cikin kaka, amma ya fi kyau a cikin bazara, a watan Afrilu.
Don dasa shuki, ramin ya kasance cikin shiri. Kuma na farko, da baya a lokacin rani, shafin da aka zaɓa dole ne a haƙa shi da takin mai magani (taki, ash, superphosphate), cire ciyawar da ke tsiro. A cikin kaka, kuna buƙatar tono babban rami, aƙalla 80 santimita a kowane girma. Fitar ruwa a kasan (15-20 cm tsakuwa ko tubalin da aka karye) ya zama dole. A kasan ramin kana buƙatar saka Layer na takin mai magani wanda aka haɗe da ƙasa mai kyau, kuma a cikin wannan Layer (20-25 cm) yakamata a sami humus fiye da ƙasa, kazalika da rabin guga na ash da rabin kilogram na azofoska. Kuma a sama, inda za'a samo tushen matashi, ƙasa kawai mai kyau!
Idan ƙasa ba ta yi yaushi ba, kuna buƙatar zana wani bututu mai kauri zuwa ƙasan ramin, saboda a cikin farkon shekarun shine a shayar da asalinsu.
Bugu da kari, kuna buƙatar fitar da gungume don ɗaure harbe a farkon shekarar (to, trellis mai ƙarfi zai maye gurbin gungumen). Yana da Dole a dasa zurfi domin babu wasu budsan ci 2 da suka rage a farfajiya. Watering da seedling da kyau, shi wajibi ne don ciyawa kasar gona kewaye da shi.
Kula da Nastya abu ne mai sauki: shayarwa, ciyarwa, harbe-harbe, girke-girke, jiyya na hana ji. Komai banda cropping baya bukatar ilimin musamman. Amma ɗan itacen innabi abu ne mai ma'ana, amma ba tare da ingantaccen pruning ba shi yiwuwa: girbin zai yi muni a kowace shekara.
Don samun manyan pean itacen, kuna buƙatar yanke duk karin harbe, da ƙarin tooan tooari ma
Wuceccen ruwa ba lallai ba ne, amma ana buƙatar ban ruwa lokaci-lokaci, musamman a yankuna masu bushewa. Bukatar ruwa yana da girma musamman a lokacin girma na berries, amma daga ƙarshen Yuli, ya kamata a yi ban ruwa Nastia: bari berries ɗin ya tattara sukari kuma ya zama mai daɗi. Game da bushewar kaka, dammar hunturu wajibi ne jim kadan kafin a nemi shinge da hunturu. Feed ya kamata yafi ash: binne kamar wata lita a kowace shekara a karkashin wani daji. Kowane shekaru biyu a farkon bazara - buckets biyu na takin, a cikin rami mara zurfi tare da gefen daji. Kuma sau 2-3 a lokacin bazara - kayan miya na sama sama ta fesa ganyen. Kafin fure kuma nan da nan bayan sa - tare da raunin mafita daga takaddun ma'adinai mai rikitarwa, bayan wani makonni 2-3 - kawai tare da potash da phosphorus.
Nastya abu ne mai tsayayya ga mildew, amma saboda dalilai na hanawa, farkon bazara spraying tare da maganin baƙin ƙarfe ba zai hanawa. Amma ga oidium, ba shi da amsarwa, musamman ma a cikin ruwa na shekaru, saboda shi zaka iya rasa yawancin berries. Sabili da haka, lokacin da ganye 3-4 suka bayyana akan harbe, yana da ma'ana don yayyafa gonar inabin da Ridomil Gold.
Abin takaici, oidium shine annobar Nastya, kuma dole ne mu kiyaye ta
A farkon bazara, kafin ya fara ya kwarara ruwan 'ya'yan itace, zaku iya aiwatar da karamin kayan kwalliyar vines. Matsalar ita ce Nastya fara "kuka" da wuri, da yawa mazauna bazara sun makara da wannan aikin. Ya fi dacewa in yanka inabi a ƙarshen kaka, kafin a ba da bushes ga hunturu. Amma babban aikin a kan yadda aka saba da daji daga harbe-harben wuce gona da iri, matakai kuma, abin takaici, ya kamata a yi gungurani a lokacin bazara, yayin da yankunan da ke da rauni har yanzu suna kore da karami: bisa ga ka’idodin, bunch guda daya kawai ya kamata a barsu akan kowane harbi. Idan kuna aiki tukuru a lokacin rani, a cikin bazara zai kasance da sauƙin. Jimlar nauyin da ke kan daji ya zama bai wuce idanu 50 ba.
Kafin farkon sanyi (a ƙarshen ƙarshen Oktoba), dole ne a cire duk vines daga trellises, a ɗaure cikin ɗayan daɗaɗɗa don dacewa da su kuma an rufe su da kowane kayan da suka dace a ƙasa. A cikin yankuna ba mai tsananin rauni ba, reshen reshe ko rassan bishiyoyi ko bushewar itace sun dace da wannan; a cikin yankuna na arewacin, suna ƙoƙarin yin amfani da kayan da ba sa ba ko tsofaffin tufafi. Matsalar ita ce a ƙarƙashin irin wannan ɗakin maraice suna jin daɗin cewa suna cin haushi kusa da asalinsu. Sakamakon haka, duk saman dajin ya mutu. Sabili da haka, game da tsari mai mahimmanci, magungunan kashe kwari don ƙwaƙwalwa ya kamata a shimfiɗa su a ƙarƙashin ta.
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Lokacin da aka cika nauyin, to yayi kyau sosai a yankin Belgorod. Kuma idan da gangan, to wannan fasali ne na iri-iri - don jan duk wani abu mai nauyi zuwa ga lalata itacen kurangar. Ga irin wannan "uwa mai kulawa."
Stanislav Sharygin//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=212.0
Kyakkyawan iri-iri mai dogara, abin da muke so (duk da yawan nau'in innabi akan rukunin yanar gizonmu), baya gazawa cikin kowace shekara. Koyaushe tare da amfanin gona. Don haka a cikin ƙarshen kakar 2017, ta sake gamsar da mu tare da amfanin gona mai girma da inganci. A cikin 2017, farkon lokacin girma ya kasance Mayu 1-2, i.e. kusan mako guda daga baya fiye da 2016. Amma an fara ciyawar fure a lokaci guda a Yuni 16th. Gaskiya ne, nauyin da aka bayar a wannan kakar ya kasance mafi girma - jimlar 39 mahaya aka bar su. Wannan, hakika, ya shafi balaga, amma ba mahimmanci ba. Don haka, a ranar 5 ga Satumba, abun cikin sukari a cikin berries ya kasance 15-16%, kuma mun fara yanke mutum gungu a ranar 1 ga Satumba. Berry yana da girma da kuma dadi. Wasu daga cikin bunches sun yi tsami har zuwa ranar 29 ga Satumba, tunda Satumba yana da kyau da dumi. Amma itacen zaitun ya farfado da idanu kawai 6-6, wanda yafi muni fiye da na 2015 da 2016. A bayyane yake, ambaliya da dogon riƙe da bunches a kan vines shafi. Amma don kyakkyawan girbi a shekara mai zuwa, irin wannan tsufa ya isa.
Peganova Tamara Yakovlevna//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=212.80
A ganina, gaba daya matsala-free iri. Yana jan kaya. A wannan shekara, biyu na grushes 400 g sun rataye a kan itacen inabi sama da 5 mm lokacin farin ciki. Kuma duka biyu sun ripened. Yanzu kurangar inabi tana ta yin natsuwa. Don haka, "Kuna buƙatar irin wannan saniya da kanka!"
Gashi gashi//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=58&t=156&start=60
Bidiyo: girbin innabi Nastya (Arcadia)
Nastya wani nau'in innabi ne na farko wanda ke neman samun yawancin mazaunan bazara a kan saiti, kuma suna shuka shi a manyan gonaki. Haɗin kyawawan halaye muhimmi a cikin duka bushes gabaɗaya da berries yana sa ya shahara tsakanin ɗimbin masaniyar giya da masoya. Daga cikin nau'ikan tebur Nastya yana daya daga cikin mafi kyau a cikin kaddarorin mabukaci da sauƙi na namo.
