Isabella yana daya daga cikin nau'ikan innabi mafi kyau a duniya. Ta hanyar alƙawarin, kililin keɓaɓɓun, keɓaɓɓu ne. Ana iya cinye sabo, sanya ruwan inabi, dafa 'ya'yan itace stewed, jam, jelly da sauransu. Wannan nau'in ya shahara tare da lambu saboda rashin kulawa na gaba ɗaya, yawan amfanin ƙasa, ƙarancin kalori, da kuma ikon yin tsayayya da yawancin cututtukan da aka saba da al'ada.
Bayanin Isabella Inabi
Isabella (sunan hukuma isabella Banska) wani nau'in innabi ne wanda ya fito kwatsam sakamakon zabin yanayi. A cewar mafi yawan botanists, wannan ya faru ne sakamakon pollination na kyawawan itacen inabi na Vuran Vinifera tare da cutar ta gida na Cutar Lambrusca. Oƙarin shuka ɗan itacen inabi da suka saba akan sabuwar nahiya an yi su akai-akai.
Isabella inabi - ɗayan tsohuwar nau'ikan da suka cancanci cancanta, har yanzu ba a rasa mashahuri ba
Isabella sanannun 'yan lambu ne tun karni na 19. Wannan ɗan itacen inabin ya fara gano wannan a cikin Amurka ta mai shayarwa William Prince a cikin 1816 a ɗayan gonar New York a Long Island. Af, daga baya shi ne ya buge Isabella Rozovaya, wanda aka fi sani da Lydia a Rasha da ƙasashen CIS. A cikin girmamawa ga matar mai mallakar filaye, George Gibbs, An nada Isabella. Mafi sau da yawa, ana kiran South Carolina ta mahaifarta (koda an ambaci takamaiman wuri - Dorchester), amma akwai wani ra'ayi na ra'ayi wanda a cikin wannan innabi "ya zo" zuwa New York daga Virginia ko Delaware.
Isabella ya zo Rasha (to USSR) a ɗan kwanan nan, kawai a cikin 50s na karni na ƙarshe. Amma wannan nau'ikan da sauri an yaba da masu shayarwa. Yanzu an rarraba shi a Georgia, Moldavia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, da Ukraine. A cikin Rasha, ana iya girma ba kawai a cikin yankuna na kudu masu ɗumi ba, har ma a cikin yankin Moscow da yankin Volga. Yanayin "ƙasa" na Isabella yana da tsayi, yana kan iyaka da ƙasa. Saboda haka, yana haƙuri da sanyi, wanda yake cutarwa ga wasu nau'in innabi da yawa.
Isabella yana cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan duniya. Za'a iya amfani da 'ya'yan inabi don samar da ruwan inabin, da kuma cin abinci, har da kayan abinci na kowane irin bargo na gida. Yawancin ya makara, lokacin girma shine watanni 5-6.
Isabella yana cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan duniya, shimfidar gida na daga shi ya riƙe ƙanshin ƙanshin a cikin sabon inabi
Matakan Isabella ba su bambanta da takamaiman girma, amma tsire-tsire waɗanda suka girmi shekaru goma na iya ƙarawa zuwa 3.5-4 m a tsawon shekara. Stepson ya kafa kadan. Tushen matasa na tsire-tsire masu launin kore, tare da rasberi shimmer da kauri mai kaifi. Sannan suna canza launi zuwa launin toka-launin toka-toka. Ganyayyaki ba su da girma sosai, ya ƙunshi sassa uku ko duka. Gefen gaban yana cike da duhu duhu, ciki mai launin shuɗi ne.
Ganyen Isabella, ba kamar sauran nau'in innabi ba, ba a rarraba su sosai ba
Wando na matsakaici, matsakaici game da 180-250 g, ba mai yawa bane. Amma yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da girma saboda gaskiyar cewa an samar da goge 2-3 a kan kowane harbe. A siffar, suna kama da silinda ko maɓallin juyawa. Idan yanayin ya juya zuwa ga nasara a lokacin bazara, tare da kulawa ta dace, zaku iya shuka goge mai nauyin kilogiram 2-2.5. Gabaɗaya, mafi lusaruwa, theasa da taro na kowannensu. Matsakaicin, an girbe kilogiram na 50-60 daga itacen inabi mafi girma.
Inabin Isabella ba su da girma da yawa, amma wadansun ba sa shan wahala.
A berries kusan mai siffar zobe ne (1.7-2 cm a diamita), black-violet tare da lokacin farin ciki fure na launin toka-launin toka. Fata yana da matukar kauri, mai dorewa. Godiya ga wannan fasalin, Isabella sananne ne saboda kyakkyawan jigilar kayayyaki. Abun sukari a matakin 16-18%. Matsakaicin nauyin berries shine 2.5-3 g. Jikin yana da dadi kuma mai daɗi, siriri, rawaya mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, tare da dandano mai sauƙi wanda yake kama da lambun strawberries. Akwai 'yan tsaba a cikin berries.
Isabella inabi an rufe shi da ci gaba mai ƙyalli
Girbi ya girbe sosai a farkon shekarun Oktoba. Don fahimtar cewa tumatir sun ɗanɗana yana da sauƙin da ƙanshin “abincin nutmeg” ya rarraba su. Ana iya tsammanin 'ya'yan itace na farko a cikin shekaru 3-4 bayan dasa shuki na' ya'yan inabi a cikin ƙasa.
Itabella inabi takamaimai gamsar da mai gidan tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa
Tun fiye da ƙarni guda, Isabella ya kasance ɗayan shahararrun nau'in innabi ba wai kawai a cikin mahaifarta ba, a cikin Amurka, har ma a Turai. Samun fewan vines ga masu shayarwa an ɗauke shi abin girmamawa ga al'ada kuma alamar kyakkyawar dandano. Koyaya, a tsakiyar karni na 20, shaidu ya bayyana cewa a lokacin da ake aikin sa yana fitar da abubuwa masu guba, wanda ya haɗa da giya methyl (80-120 mg / l idan aka kwatanta da yanayin 30-40 mg / l), formic acid, formdehyde. Wannan shi ne saboda babban abun ciki na pectins a cikin fata. Suna iya haifar da mummunar illa ga lafiya, har zuwa haɓakar hanta, sclerosis da yawa, cututtukan koda, matsaloli tare da jijiya na gani. Wannan fasalin baya amfani da ruwan lemon da sauran girbi daga 'ya'yan inabin sabo. Sabili da haka, doka ta hana shi amfani da Isabella don giya, wanda ya haifar da raguwa sosai a yankin da aka sanya shi.
Ko da bakararre Isabella zai iya samun amfani a gonar
A cikin adalci, ya kamata a lura cewa daga baya ba a tabbatar da wannan bayanin ba. Amma sunan Isabella, ya bayyana “sake fasalin zamanin da,” ya lalace sosai. Bugu da kari, a cikin wasu abubuwan giya (cognac, vodka, brandy, whiskey), abubuwan methanol sunfi girma sosai. Amma ba wanda ya soke dokokin tukuna. Don haka, mutum zai iya yin la'akari da ɗayan ra'ayi dangane da abin da duk matsin lambar da aka ɗora ya kasance saboda kariya da kuma rashin yarda don ƙirƙirar gasa don giya na Turai a cikin samfuran samfurori daga Amurka, Australia, saboda nau'ikan gida suna matsayin kayan albarkatun don shi.
An tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar Isabella ta hanyar kimiyya. Its berries, idan aka kwatanta da sauran innabi iri, ana halin babban abun ciki na phytoncides, sabili da haka, ruwan 'ya'yan itace da aka samu daga gare su ya furta ƙurar ƙwayoyin cuta. Akwai antioxidants da yawa a cikinsu waɗanda ke rage jinkirin tsufa. Amma saboda da babban abun ciki na 'ya'yan itace acid, undiluted ruwan' ya'yan itace ba da shawarar don amfani a gaban cututtuka na gastrointestinal fili. Isabella shima yana da dumbin potassium, wanda ke hana kawar da ruwa daga jiki. Ba a ba da shawarar ci don matsalolin koda da kuma halin ɗabi'a.
Isabella ruwan 'ya'yan itace lafiyayyar amfanin ilimin kimiyya ya tabbatar
Bidiyo: Isabella inabi tana kama
Abvantbuwan amfãni da kuma rashin amfanin iri-iri
Abubuwan da ba za a iya shakkar su ba na isabella inabi sun haɗa da:
- general unpretentiousness. Yankin Isabella iri-iri yana ba da izni ga takin ƙasa, ingancin ƙasa, yana da kyakkyawan rigakafi. Ko da wani lambu mai novice zai jimre wa yadda yake;
- babban sanyi juriya ga inabi. Isabella ba tare da lahani da yawa ga kanta ba tana fama da sanyi zuwa -32-35ºС a gaban tsari. Ba tare da shi ba - har zuwa -25-28ºС. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu a shuka irin wannan inabi ba kawai a Moldova, Ukraine, kudancin Rasha ba, har ma a yankuna ƙasa da ke dacewa da wannan al'ada, alal misali, a cikin yankin Moscow, har ma ba tare da mafaka ta hunturu ba. Idan Isabella ta fadi a karkashin lokacin dawowar lokacin bazara, sabbin harbe-harbe a wurin wadanda abin ya shafa za su kirkira a cikin makonni 2-3 kuma suna da lokacin da za su samar da cikakkiyar wannan kakar;
- kasancewar rigakafi daga cututtukan gargajiya. Isabella yana da wuya kusan cututtukan fungal kamar mildew, oidium, mildew powdery, rot rot, kusan baya wahala daga phylloxera. Cutar ba ta wuce zuwa kurangar inabin ta ba, koda kuwa ta shafi nau'in tsiron dake kusa da ita;
- ikon jure wa waterlogging na kasar gona da kyau. Yawancin nau'in innabi suna haɓaka rot a sakamakon yawan ruwa da / ko yawan ruwa;
- sauƙi na haifuwa. Yanke suna da sauƙin ɗauka tushe, kulawa da su ƙanƙane;
- duniya ma'ana. Tastean masaniyar giyar turai ba ta yarda da shi ba a Rasha, Amurka, Australia, Kudancin Amurka, da sauran ƙasashe. Haka ne, ba za ku iya ba da sunan ingantaccen ruwan giya daga Isabella ba, amma yawancin mutanen da ba su fahimci ma'anar irin bouquet ɗin wannan abin sha ba. Mutane da yawa suna son sa. Amma ruwan 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itace da aka yi amfani da su, da sauran shirye-shiryen da ake yi a gida "nutmeg" ƙanshi na ba da haske;
- karancin kalori (kawai 65 kcal a cikin 100 g). Ga innabi, wannan, a cikin, manufa ne sosai. Isabella ana iya cinye sosai domin yalwata abincin. Hakanan, duk da launi mai laushi na fata, wannan yawancin saurin yana haifar da rashin lafiyan fata;
- ado na ado. Ko da yanayin bai ba ku damar samun girbin innabi ba, ana iya amfani da Isabella a cikin shimfidar wuri don tsara lambun. Tana da ban sha'awa sosai, suna shiga cikin arbor, veranda, shinge. A cikin kaka, ganye suna sayan kyawawan launuka masu launin shuɗi.
Isabella ba ko kaɗan a yaba masa don ƙamusinsa da iyakantaccen ikonsa na iya ɗaukar ina inan yanayi a cikin yanayin yanayi ba.
Iri-iri shima yana da wasu rashin nasara:
- Isabella ta danganta da mummunar rauni har zuwa ga fari. Wannan ba shi da tasiri mai kyau a kan kayan aiki. Saboda haka, shayar da inabi akwai buƙatar a ba shi kulawa ta musamman. In ba haka ba, itacen inabin na iya jujjuya ko kuma watsar da ganyayyaki da goge. Wadancan berries cewa har yanzu suna ripen, ƙananan ƙanana da kuma saya tart aftertaste.
- A iri-iri ne kula da babban abun ciki na lemun tsami a cikin ƙasa. Ruwan lemun tsami don lalacewa na ƙasa yana da ƙarfi ya katse. Dolomite gari, ash na itace, da ƙwanƙwaran ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa a cikin foda za'a iya ƙarawa akan gado. Isabella ba ta son ƙasa mai acidic, saboda haka yana da kyau a nemo ma'aunin acid ɗin a gaba.
- Halin da za a rasa anthracnose. Dole ne a aiwatar da rigakafin kowace shekara, a cikin rani da damina.
- Kasancewar halayyar ɗanɗano, ƙwararren mashaya giya da ake kira fox, wanda ke ba da berries takamaiman mayukan mai da acetophenone da ke cikin fatar. Yana a hankali yana kama da lambun strawberries, amma ba na ainihi ba, amma dandano na wucin gadi. Don giya, ana ɗaukarsa wannan mummunan koma-baya ne (yana da kyau ga duk irin nau'ikan Amurka da hybrids), yana haifar da bayyanar wari mara dadi a cikin giya mai ban sha'awa, sananne har ma don sa mutane, bayan shekaru uku kawai.
Istswararrun ƙwararru sun shayar da giya daga Isabella ba su da yawa sosai, amma yawancin masu yin giya suna son shi sosai.
Yadda ake dasa inabi
Lokacin dasa shuki Isabella seedlings a cikin ƙasa ya dogara da sauyin yanayi. A cikin yankuna masu laushi na kudu, ana aiwatar da hanya mafi yawan lokuta a farkon ko tsakiyar Satumba. A cikin canjin yanayin, zaka iya tabbata cewa akalla watanni 2.5 ne suka rage kafin sanyi na farko. A wannan lokacin, seedling zai sami lokaci zuwa ɗaukar nauyi a cikin sabon wuri.
Saukowa a cikin bazara shine kawai zaɓi don yankuna masu tsauri. A wurin, hunturu galibi yakan zo ba zato ba tsammani kuma ba koyaushe daidai da kalandar ba. Kuma a lokacin bazara, 'ya'yan itacen inabi da aka shuka a ƙarshen Mayu za su ɗauki tushe da kuma murmurewa daga damuwa da ke tattare da canza yanayin rayuwa.
Isabella ba ta da matukar buƙata a kan ingancin ƙasa, ta samu nasarar daidaitawa zuwa ga yashi da yumɓun lãka. Amma mafi kyawun zaɓi a gare ta shine m, ƙasa mai acidic. Lokacin zabar wani wuri, yakamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa itacen ya kamata ya kasance da iska mai kyau (amma ba batun bayyanar yau da kullun zuwa gust na iska mai sanyi ba). Sabili da haka, kada ku dasa inabi a kusa da bango mai ƙarfi, shinge. Ana sanya trellis wanda ya sa kurangar '' duba '' zuwa kudu ko yamma. Mafi kyawun wurin shine karamin tudu ko rami mai laushi.
Ba za ku iya dasa Isabella kusa da 5-6 m daga kowane itacen 'ya'yan itace. Kurangar inabi kawai za ta “ɓace” asalinsu, ta hana su abinci. Musamman inabi saboda wasu dalilai basa son bishiyar apple.
Bugu da ƙari ga ƙasa na alkaline, substrate salted bai dace da Isabella ba. Har ila yau, mara kyau yana da alaƙa da kusanci (1.5 m daga ƙasa ƙasa ƙasa da ƙasa) da ke ƙarƙashin ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Saboda wannan dalili, ƙananan yankuna ba su dace ba - a can na tsawan lokaci tsaftataccen ruwa da iska mai sanyi.
Kafin dasa, ana sawo tushen tushen innabi, a hankali, an yanke duk matattun da an bushe, an rage sauran domin su sha ruwa da abubuwan gina jiki da kyau.
'Ya'yan Isabella na shekara-shekara suna ɗaukar tushe mafi kyau. Tsarin da ya dace yana da aƙalla 20 cm a tsayi da kuma tushe 3-4 cm 10-15. Tsalle daga cikin seedling ya zama mai tsabta da kuma suttura, ba tare da lalacewa na inji da sikandirin ba, kama da abubuwan da aka bari ta hanyar ƙira da lalacewa. Tushen a cikin ɓangaren kyawawan seedlings fararen fata ne, harbe suna fure. Kuna buƙatar sayan kayan shuka a cikin gandun daji ko gonar masu zaman kansu amintacciya. In ba haka ba, babu tabbacin cewa zaku sayi daidai abin da kuke buƙata.
Kayan dasa kayan masarufi shine mabuɗin silar girbi mai yawa anan gaba
Ramin rami ya kamata ya zama babban isa - game da 80 cm zurfi kuma daidai a diamita. Tushen itacen inabi yana haɓaka, Tushen ya shiga cikin ƙasa a 4-5 m. An shirya shi koyaushe a gaba - a cikin bazara, idan an shirya dasa shuki don bazara, kuma aƙalla makonni 2-3, idan a cikin fall. A kasan, ana buƙatar ƙaramin magudanar ruwa mai kauri da aƙalla aƙalla cm cm 5. Ana murƙushe dutse, ƙwaƙwalwa, yumɓu masu yumɓu, yumɓun yumɓu, da sauran kayan da suka dace. Abincin ciyawa mai gauraye da humus (15-20 l), an datse ash na itace (2.5-3 l) a saman. Thicknessaƙƙarfan wannan Layer yana da kusan cm 10. Ana iya maye gurbin takin na halitta tare da potassium sulfate (50-70 g) da kuma superphosphate mai sauƙi (120-150 g). Yayyafa taki tare da ƙasa (kimanin 5 cm), kuma sake maimaitawa. A sakamakon haka, “kek” an kafa shi yadudduka biyar: magudanar ruwa, ƙasa mai gina jiki, ƙasa ta al'ada (ta ƙarshen - biyu kowannensu). Ana shayar da shi, yana ciyar da lita 80-100 na ruwa.
Ramin saukarwa don Isabella yakamata ya zama mai zurfi, wani yanki na magudanar ruwa ya zama tilas a kasan
Hanyar saukowa kanta tayi kamar haka:
- Kwana guda kafin aikin, yanke tushen seedling by 3-5 cm kuma jiƙa a cikin ruwa a dakin da zazzabi. Kuna iya ƙara lu'ulu'u na potassium na daskararru a ciki zuwa launi mai ruwan hoda (don keɓaɓɓe) ko kowane biostimulant (don haɓaka rigakafi). Abubuwan da suka dace da kantin sayar da kayayyaki (Epin, Zircon, Heteroauxin), da na halitta (ruwan 'ya'yan aloe, succinic acid).
- Nan da nan kafin shuka, tsoma tushen zuwa cikin cakuda garin yumbu mai alkama da ciyayin sabo, ana tunawa da lokacin farin ciki kirim mai tsayawa. Dole a bar taro ya bushe. Yawancin lokaci yana ɗaukar sa'o'i 2-3.
- Don kafa tsintsiya a tsakiyar ramin saukowa - tallafi don seedling game da 20-25 cm sama da shuka. A kusa da shi, kafa karamin tuddai daga ragowar bayan da aka tona ramin, duniya. Zuba mai yawa (20-25 L) kuma jira har ruwan ya sha. Hakanan zaka iya tono a cikin wani rami wani karamin bututun filastik na ruwa don shayarwa, amma Isabella, ba kamar nau'in innabi ba, za'a iya shayar da ita kamar yadda aka saba.
- Sanya seedling a kan ƙwanƙwasa, a hankali yana daidaita asalin sa. Cika rami tare da ƙasa, lokaci-lokaci ana ciko shi, don a kafa hutu na cm cm .. Yi hankali kar a zurfafa wurin da ake fara fitar da alamun harbewa. Ya kamata ya tashi sama da cm 3-4 cm sama da ƙasa .. Splings 25-30 cm tsayi ana dasa su a tsaye, ragowar - a kusurwa kusan 45º.
- Gyara harbe da ke akwai, rage su da 15-20 cm (babba 5-6 girma buds). A amintacce saita seedling ta hanyar ɗaura shi mai tallafi.
- Har yanzu, zuba inabi da yawa (40-50 l).Lokacin da danshi ke tunawa, mulch da akwati akwati da peat marmashi, humus, freshly yanke ciyawa.
- Rufe seedling tare da yanke kwalban filastik na makonni 2-3. Don kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye, rufe tare da alfarwa kowane farin kayan rufe.
Saukowa Isabella a cikin ƙasa hanya ce mai sauƙi, har ma da fararen lambu zai iya jimre da shi
Lokacin dasa shuki da yawa seedlings, m 1.5 m ne bar tsakanin su. Nisa tsakanin layuka shine 2.5-3 m. Lokacin da aka dasa shuki, gonakin inabin basu da isasshen sarari don abinci, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana raguwa sosai. Hakanan kuna buƙatar samar da sarari don trellis. Mafi sauƙaƙan zaɓi shine layuka da yawa na waya mai ƙarfi da aka shimfiɗa tsakanin tallafawa a tsawo na 80, 120, 170 cm. Idan an kafa ƙasa gaba ɗaya, zaku iya tono ramin mai ƙarfi maimakon ramuka guda.
Tushen itacen inabin ya inganta, saboda haka kowace shuka tana bukatar isasshen sarari don abinci mai gina jiki
Bidiyo: Hanyar dasa innabi
Nasihun Kula Kula da Iyaye
Daya daga cikin manyan fa'idodin 'ya'yan itacen inabi Isabella shine kwatankwacinsu. Koyaya, ba shi yiwuwa a karɓi kullun ba tare da kulawa ba.
Watse
Inabi mai tsire-tsire ne mai ƙauna, amma wannan kawai ya shafi vines matasa ƙarƙashin shekara biyu. Bushesajin furanni na manya yana buƙatar ƙarancin ruwa, yawansa yana cutarwa a gare su Idan ƙasa ta kasance yumbu, ba a shayar da Isabella, amma yalwa. A akasin wannan, vines girma a cikin yashi ƙasa na bukatar m, amma matsakaici watering. Sau ɗaya a wata, yana da kyau a maye gurbin ruwa talakawa tare da jiko na sabo saniya taki diluted da ruwa a gwargwado na 1:10.
Matasa wadanda ba fruiting innabi seedlings bukatar yawa watering
Ana shayar da tsire-tsire matasa kowane mako, suna ciyar da lita 15 na ruwa. Manya na buƙatar adadin guda a kowane mako 2-2.5. Tabbas suna buƙatar danshi ƙasa lokacin da ganye ya fara kumbura kuma nan da nan bayan fure. Mafi kyawun lokacin don hanya shine maraice bayan faɗuwar rana.
An fara daga ƙarshen watan Agusta, da zaran da berries fara saya halayyar inuwa daga iri-iri, an daina yin watering domin goge ya hauhalin al'ada. A cikin bazara, idan ya bushe da dumi, 'yan makwanni bayan girbin, ana aiwatar da abin da ake kira ban ruwa-daskarewa, ana kashe lita 70-80 a kowace shuka.
Watering inabi bisa ga dokokin na bukatar gina fairly hadaddun Tsarin, amma a lokacin da girma Isabella, za ka iya yi tare da saba tsagi tsakanin layuka na plantings
Lokacin yin ruwa, yana da matukar muhimmanci cewa saukad da ruwa ba su faɗo a cikin ganyayyaki ba. Wannan kuma ya shafi ruwan sama, saboda haka yana da kyau a gina katako a kan trellis. Hanya mafi kyau ita ce sanyaya ƙasa tare da bututu na musamman ko ban ruwa mai ban ruwa. Idan babu yiwuwar fasaha, ana zuba ruwa cikin ramuka da aka tona tsakanin layuka na inab ɗin ko gurnin da ke kewaye da su.
Bayan kowace watering, kasar gona dole ne a mulched. Ciyawa yana taimakawa riƙe da danshi a ciki, baya barin kasar ta bushe da sauri. Ga Isabella, wannan gaskiya ne musamman, wannan nau'in innabi ba ya son fari. Kimanin rabin sa'a bayan hanya, an kwance ƙasa don inganta aeration na asalinsu.
Aikace-aikacen taki
'Ya'yan Isabella inabi sun isa ciyarwa uku a shekara. Bugu da ƙari, kowane shekaru 2-3, dangane da yawan ƙasa, a cikin bazara na halitta kwayoyin halitta (humus, takin da aka lalace) ana ƙara shi zuwa ƙasa a cikin nauyin 15-20 a kowace shuka.
Tsarin tushen ingantaccen inabine yana jan abubuwa da yawa daga ƙasa, sabili da haka, tilas ne a kula da takin ƙasa.
Ana yin suturar farko ta farkon a cikin bazara, da zaran ƙasa ta narke sosai. Yana da mahimmanci musamman a yankuna masu yanayin yanayin rashin ƙarfi. Ana shayar da Isabella tare da mafita na kowane takin da ke ƙunshe da nitrogen - urea, nitonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate (1.5-2 g / l). Bugu da kari, kwanaki 10-12 kafin fure, yana da amfani ga Isabella ya zuba jiko na kwayar tsuntsaye, ganyayen ganye ko dandelion.
Urea, kamar sauran takin mai magani na nitrogen, yana tayar da inabi don gina taro mai kauri
Ana amfani da takin zamani na biyu lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen suka daure. A wannan lokacin, shuka yana buƙatar potassium da phosphorus. Kyakkyawan superphosphate (35-40 g), potassium sulfate ko kalimagnesia (20-25 g) yana narkar da 10 l na ruwa. Wani madadin shi ne jiko na itace ash (1 lita na iya lita 3 na ruwan zãfi).
Toparshe saman da ya gabata shine takaddara takin don inabi. Shahararrun kwayoyi sune Ecoplant, Moar, Kemira-Lux, Novofert, Florovit, Master. An shirya mafita bisa ga umarnin mai ƙira.
Cikakken takin zamani da aka gabatar a lokacin rani ya taimaka wa shuka ta shirya don hunturu da kyau
Kamar kowane innabi, Isabella yana cikin raunin magnesium. Don guje wa wannan, ana fesa tsire-tsire sau 2-3 a kowace kakar tare da maganin magnesium sulfate (20-25 g / l).
Bidiyo: kurakurai na hali na lambu wanda ya fara girma inabi
Mai jan tsami
Itacen inabin Isabella na manya suna da tsayi, don haka pruning wannan nau'in innabi ya zama dole. Babban burinta shi ne sanya daji yayi girma cikin fadi, kuma ba tsayi ba. Babban pruning ne da za'ayi a fall. A cikin bazara, 'itacen' 'rauni' 'itacen' ya yi kuka ', yana sakin ruwan' ya'yan itace da yawa wanda ya cika "idanu". Saboda wannan, ba sa yin fure kuma suna iya jujjuyawa.
Innabi na innabi ana yin shi ne kawai tare da kayan aikin kaifi da tsafta.
A cikin bazara, har zuwa lokacin girma, duk daskararre, karye, busassun harbe an cire. A cikin faduwar, Isabella shine aka dasa a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Oktoba, bayan ya fitar da itace. Tabbatar ka yanke duk matakan lalacewa da rauni. Girma na wannan kakar ta gajarta ta kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku, cikakke harbe-harbe - kashi biyu bisa uku. Kowace itacen inabi yana taqaitaccen 12 girma buds.
A lokacin bazara, ana cire ganye mara kyau wanda ke katsewa tare da ingantaccen inabiyan inabi, harbe suna girma ƙasa da zurfi cikin daji. Theungiyoyin suna yin kumatu ta yadda kowannensu baya taɓa maƙwabta. Karamin sun kasance, mafi girma zai zama goga da berries a kai. Ka'ida ga tsararren tsire-tsire ba ya fi yawan tari 35.
An ɗaure itacen inabin na trellis don kada a cutar da itace
Samuwar vines yana farawa da kakar ta biyu ta kasancewa cikin buɗewar ƙasa. A kan karamin itacen inabi bar fiye da 7-8 harbe. An ɗaure su da trellis, suna jagoranci a kwance. Ya kamata lanƙwasa ya zama mai santsi don kada tsarin jagoranci ya sha wahala. Da zaran harbe sun isa waya ta kwance, suna gyara akan sa. Sanya itacen inabin da wani laushi ko fitsari don kada ya fashe.
An samar da 'ya'yan innabi don iyakantar da haɓakar kurangar inabin don sa ta zama reshe sosai
Bidiyo: shawarwarin girbi innabi
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A cikin yankunan kudanci da ke da yanayin canji, Isabella ba ta buƙatar mafaka, wanda ba za a iya faɗi game da tsakiyar Rasha ba. A can yanayin ba a iya faɗi ba, hunturu na iya zama mai laushi da sanyi.
A ka'ida, Isabella tana cikin nau'in innabi maras sutura, amma a tsakiyar Rasha ya fi kyau ayi wasa da shi lafiya kuma kare shi daga tsananin tsananin tsananin sanyi
Bayan fruiting, an cire vines daga tallafi kuma an dage farawa a ƙasa. Idan za ta yiwu, sanya rami marar zurfin da aka tono a nan kusa. Sa'an nan kuma an rufe su da peat, humus ko turawa tare da rassan coniferous, ganyen ganye. Daga sama, aka zana yadudduka da yawa na kowane kayan rufewar iska. Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗo, an jefa kurangar a kansu, yana haifar da dusar ƙanƙan iska mai kusan cm 30. A lokacin hunturu, babu makawa zai daidaita, saboda haka dole ne ku sake tsara shi sau da yawa.
Matasan Isabella, don karewa daga sanyi, ana iya sanya su a cikin ramukayen da aka tono a cikin ƙasa
A cikin bazara, an cire matsuguni a baya fiye da iska mai zafi har zuwa 5ºС. Idan akwai barazanar gaske ta dawo da lokacin sanyi, zaku iya sa ramuka da yawa a cikin kayan rufewa da farko. Wata rana ko biyu kafin a shayar da kurangar inabin za a iya fesawa da maganin Epin. Tasirin kariya yana kimanin kwanaki 10.
Epin narkar da cikin ruwan sanyi yana taimakawa kare vines daga sanyi lokacin dawo da lokacin bazara
Cututtukan gama gari da kwari
Isabella inabi an rarrabe ta babban rigakafi, da wuya ya sha wahala daga pathogenic fungi, ba shi da haɗari ga kwaro na hali na al'ada, kamar phylloxera. Iyakar abin da ya banbanta da dokar shine anthracnose.
Wannan cuta ta bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na launuka na tubali tare da iyakar launin ruwan kasa akan ganye matasa (a karkashin shekarun 25 kwanaki) da kuma harbe marasa lignified. A hankali, suna girma, haɗu suka juyo cikin “raunuka”, gabobin jikinsu, ya fara jujjuyawa. Jiki na wadannan wurare ya mutu, ramuka ya samar. Idan ba a yi komai ba, ganyen ya zama launin ruwan kasa, ya bushe, harbe ya koma baƙi ya zama mai aradu, gaba ɗaya ɓangaren tsire-tsire ya mutu.
Anthracnose shine kawai cututtukan fungal wanda zai iya cutar Isabella inabi mai zurfi.
Don rigakafin, matasa harbe na inabõbi, kai mai tsawo of 10 cm, an fesa tare da 1% bayani na Bordeaux ruwa ko jan ƙarfe sulphate. Ana maimaita jiyyar a duk tsawon lokacin girma tare da adadin kwanakin 12-15, ta amfani da kowane kayan maye na zamani - Topaz, Abiga-Peak, Skor, Horus, Ordan, Previkur, Ridomil Gold da sauransu. Yana da kyau a maye gurbin magunguna don kada jaraba ta ci gaba.
Ruwan Bordeaux shine ɗayan shahararrun magungunan fungicides, yana da sauƙi don siye ko sanya shi da kanka
Isabella da wuya ya sha fama da mamayewar kwari da yawa. Kusan kowa yana tsoron firgita ta hanyar mai ƙamshi mai ƙamshi wanda ke cikin fata. Don rigakafin a cikin bazara, ana iya bi da ganye na fure tare da maganin Nitrofen, kuma a lokacin lokacin ciyayi, an fesa shi da maganin gishiri da soda ash kowane mako 3-4 (5-7 g / l).
Amma wannan sifar ba karamar matsala bace ga tsuntsaye. Saboda haka, don kare amfanin gona, an rufe vines ɗin da babban raga-raga raga. Wannan ita ce kawai hanya mafi inganci ta kariya. Wasu kuma (tsoratarwa, rattai, m da kifayen rudani, da sauransu) suna da tasiri ga tsuntsaye har tsawon kwanaki da yawa. Tsuntsaye da sauri suna gane cewa abubuwa masu ban tsoro da masu kama da masu haɗari basa cutar da gaske sannan kuma basu kula dasu ba.
Robust raga - kadai amintaccen kariya na tsuntsu
Bidiyo: Kulawar innabi da shawarwarin amfanin gona
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Isabella shuka ba tare da izini ba! Ba ya daskare, ba ya yin rashin lafiya, ba a fassara shi zuwa ga ƙasa, girbi mai ban sha'awa koyaushe. Kuma compote kyakkyawa ne.
Amarya//forum.homedistiller.ru/index.php?topic=100329.0
Ga duk fa'idodin namo mai sauƙi, ɗayan, amma ma'adanin mai ƙima mai ƙiba - a cikin aikin fermentation mai yawa methyl barasa an kafa saboda "mucous" ɓangaren litattafan almara. Daga wannan, Isabella da sauran Labrusca (ciki har da Lydia) an haramta amfani da su a masana'antar giya a Turai da Amurka.
Wlad//forum.homedistiller.ru/index.php?topic=100329.0
Iri na ƙungiyar Isabella ba su da ma'ana sosai kuma masu tsayayya da cututtukan fungal (mildew da oidium), da kuma zuwa phylloxera. Yana yarda da babban zafi, amma ba fari mai haƙuri ba. Yana girma cikin 'yanci a Yankin Duniya na Baƙi, Yankin Moscow da Siberiya, nau'ikan da ba rufe ba. A cikin ƙasar, Lydia da Isabella sun girma a kasata, sun yi giya, kuma zai yuwu su yi baƙi. Amma gidaje sun ci abinci mara kyau. Na cire su, na dasa al'adun, yanzu ban samu ba, suna cin komai, kuma zan ɓoye don hunturu. Yanzu na karce turnip? ko dai ya zama dole shuka har ma, amma babu isasshen sarari, ko kuma dawo da Isabella da Lydia.
Zeman//forum.homedistiller.ru/index.php?topic=100329.0
Ina da itacen inabi na Isabella tsawon shekara bakwai kuma ban cika murna ba. Yana magance sanyi har zuwa -35ºС ba tare da tsari ba, baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Ya girma a cikin wani gilashi na yanke da aboki, ya yi girma bisa ga bangon hanya, ko kuma, ya fi sauƙi, sanya shi a kan baka. Na ga bunch na farko tuni a cikin shekara ta hudu ta girma kuma yanzu na tattara har zuwa kilogiram 50 daga daji. Innabi mai kyau, an sami ingantaccen ruwan inabi. A wannan shekara Zan yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye yawancin ofan inabin har sai Sabuwar Shekara bisa ga yadda ake amfani da hujin kore, ya zuwa yanzu yana tsaye sosai.
Valentin Shatov//farmer35.ru/forum/thread425.html
Na daɗe ina yin giya daga Isabella. Very dadi, kuma compote ma. Yawan shahararrun (fiye da arba'in) ba su da wuraren shuka, amma matar ba ta ba da umarnin tsaftace Isabella.
Vladimir Kuznetsov//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4301
Ina da kusan nau'in innabi 60 na itace; Isabella na fi so. Wannan itace ba ta rufe-inabin inabi ba wacce ke tsiro a ƙarƙashin ginin sitar, wane irin nau'in innabi zai yi girma a ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayi kuma a lokaci guda ba kawai ado bango ba, har ma suna ba da girbi mai kyau? Na yi abinci masu ɗumbin abinci masu daɗin ɗanɗano daga innabi ɗaya kawai, ba shakka, wannan nau'in Isabella ne. Don wani lokaci, ta fara yin marshmallows da kanta (rasberi, strawberry, currant, banana, apple, ceri, innabi, cranberry); tsammani wanne ne mafi dadi da ƙanshi, tare da bouquet ɗin da ba a iya mantawa da shi ba? ƙarshen innabi, kuma iri-iri shi ne Isabella. A saboda wannan dalili, an bar danginmu ba tare da innabi ba a cikin hunturu, duk Isabella ya tafi shirye-shiryen mashed dankali na marshmallows. Ba mu amfani da Isabella sabo, dandano nata na da matukar arziki. A watan Oktoba muna cin nau'in tebur. Zan fara harba Isabella a ƙarshen Nuwamba ko farkon Disamba (ya danganta da yanayin).
Irina Kiseleva//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2502&page=24
A cikin 90s na ƙarni na ƙarshe a cikin littattafan innabi na sadu a cikin bayanin Isabella iri ɗaya fasalin da ke bambanta iri-iri daga duk sauran nau'in innabi. Isabella tana girma antennae uku, sannan ɓoyayyen internode, sannan kuma antennae uku da internode, da sauransu. Sauran 'ya'yan inabi suna da antennae guda biyu, sannan kuma fanko internode. Saboda haka, ba shi yiwuwa a gaurayar Isabella tare da wasu nau'ikan.
Vladimir 63//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2502&page=25
My Isabella na halitta bai taɓa yin balaga ba - har ma da zafin rana mara zafi 2007. Mun dace kawai don sake-grafting. An kula da Taiga a kai - ƙwararrun harba da vines kowace shekara na alurar rigakafin 4 m.
Alexander Zelenograd//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2502
My Isabella ya tsiro a farkon kwanaki goma na Satumba, yawanci wannan yakan faru ne daga baya, amma ba daga baya ba kafin 5 ga Oktoba. Kurangar inabi suna girma 8-10 m kowace shekara. Ba su da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka (gizo-gizo kawai suna son gungu). Ko da duk abin da ke kusa da fari da mildew ne mai ɗan ƙara, ba zai shafe shi ta kowace hanya ba. Maƙwabcin yana da daji na kusan shekaru 20 - gaba ɗaya yana ɗaure itacen apple biyu da ganuwar gida biyu (babu tsabtacewa) - akwai inabi da yawa waɗanda babu apple, ina tsammanin ba ƙasa da kilo 100 ba.
Nikolay-Moscow//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2502
Isabella ne mai innabi iri-iri manufa domin novice lambu. Tasteanɗanawar berries, hakika, ba kowa ke son sa ba, amma al'adar tana da wasu fa'idodi masu yawa. Kula Isabella ba zai dauki lokaci da yawa ba, musamman idan yanayin ya dace. Amma ko da a cikin yanayin da ba za a iya kira manufa, wannan iri-iri stably da yalwa Bears 'ya'yan itace, tsaye daga ta ta akai-akai high quality berries.
