Babu makawa cewa za a sami wani mai lambu wanda ba zai taɓa gani ko gwada guna ba na marnar Yarinya. Ku ɗanɗani zuma tana tunatar da ƙuruciya. Yanzu mutane da yawa suna ƙoƙarin yin ƙuƙwalwa a cikin dabarun su, amma nasarorin basu da nasara koyaushe. Al'adu, kodayake ya kasance dangi ɗaya kamar yadda aka raba shi da kayan marmari da kayan lambu wanda ya zama sananne ga masu aikin lambu na dogon lokaci, yafi buƙata a cikin kulawa. Bambancin Kolkhoznitsa wani yanayi ne mai ban sha'awa, yana haɗawa da rashin yanayin yanayi tare da tsananin sanyi da kuma yawan aiki. Yawancin lambu ba za suyi ciniki da irin wannan guna ba don kowane irin girkin zamani.
Melon Kolkhoznitsa, amfaninta da rashin amfani
Melon Kolkhoznitsa, kamar yadda sunan shi ya nuna, nasara ce ga masu shayar da Soviet. An cire shi a cikin yankin Rostov a ƙarshen 30s na karni na karshe, ya shiga cikin Rajistar Jiha a cikin 1943. An ba da shawarar iri-iri don namowa a yankin Black Sea, a cikin Arewacin Caucasus, a yankin Volga, a cikin Urals, a Siberiya da Gabas mai nisa, wato, kusan dukkanin yankuna na Rasha. Wannan shi ne saboda tsananin juriya na kankara, wanda shine ɗayan manyan fa'idodin manoma na gama-gari. Kuma ku ɗanɗani shi kusan babu bambanci da 'ya'yan itaciyar' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''n'yoyin'yoyin' '' '' ''yoyin'yoyin' '''yoyin'yen'yen'yoyin'yen'yen'yen'yen'yen'yen'yen'yau na southernararrara.
Melon Kolkhoznitsa nau'in halitta ne wanda bai rasa shahararsa ba fiye da shekaru 70 na namo, an gwada shi da ƙarni ɗaya na lambu
Wannan nau'in kankana an daidaita shi azaman tsakiyar kaka. Daga lokacin da zuriya take zuwa yankashin farkon 'ya'yan itace, kwanaki 77-95 suka wuce. Takamaiman lokacin girkin yana shafi yanayin sosai.
Bushes ba su da yawa, amma ba za ku kira su m ba. Tushen manoma na gama gari suna yaduwa sosai. The mai tushe ne na bakin ciki, dan kadan m ga tabawa. Ganyayyaki masu matsakaici ne, a siffar zuciya, gefuna suna sassaka cikin ƙananan abubuwan binciken.
Ba za a iya kiran daskararrun manoma gama kai ba, ƙwaƙƙwaran sa suna daɗewa
'Ya'yan itacen (kabewa) a cikin siffar kusan ball na yau da kullun ko m sosai. Girman guna yana da ƙananan - 0.7-1.3 kg. Akwai "zakarun" masu nauyin kilo 2, amma da wuya. Wasu suna ɗaukar wannan girman ko da fa'ida iri-iri. Za'a iya cin Melon a lokaci guda, bazai iska ba a cikin firiji. Komawa ga tsarin shuka, jimlar yawan amfanin shine kimanin 2.1-2.6 kg / m².
Gwarzon manoma na gama-gari sunyi ƙanana, wasu basa son sa, wasu, akasin haka, yi la'akari da girman fruitsa toan na zama ɗayan alfanun ire-irensu
Fata yana da haske a cikin rana, mai santsi ga taɓawa, launin rawaya-mai haske ko launi na zinariya, a mafi yawan lokuta ba tare da tsari ba. Lokaci-lokaci a gefe wanda ke fuskantar rana yakan bayyana "m" wanda yake fitowa. Fata ba lokacin farin ciki ba. Yana da sassauƙa amma yana da ƙarfi. Wannan yana haifar da ingantaccen jigilar kayayyaki. Amma ajiye manomi na gama-gari tsawon lokaci bazaiyi aiki ba. Zaku iya kara tsawon wannan lokaci ta hanyar cire kadan kanana marasa kan gado.
Nama ne mai launin kirim fari ko mai launin-kala, mai yawa, tare da raunanar da aka nuna, slightlyan kauri kaɗan. Babu buƙatar magana game da ɗanɗano - kowa ya san shi kuma kusan kowa yana son sa. Har ila yau, daskararru yana da ƙanshin halayyar mai kyau tare da bayanan zuma-vanilla. An yabawa manoma na gama-gari saboda guna da zaƙi. Abubuwan sukari na ɓangaren litattafan almara suna da yawa - 11-12%.
Theunbin danshi a kan guna Manoma na gama gari suna da daɗi da ƙanshi
Yawancin suna da "rigakafin" rigakafi ga dukkan nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta, amma yana da saukin kamuwa da sauran cututtuka. Musamman ma sau da yawa manomi na gama kai yana fama da ƙarancin mildew mai narkewa, anthracnose da fusarium.
Mafi sau da yawa, wannan kankana yana cinye sabo. Amma Yarinyar lectaukewar Farm ta dace da aikin gida. Ana iya gwangwani a cikin sukari na sukari, tafasasshen tumatir, adanawa, marshmallows, har ma da yin Sweets, 'ya'yan itatuwa candied da marmalade An kiyaye dandano, ƙanshin kawai ya ɓace.
Manoma na gama kai ya dace duka don sabo, kuma ga dukkan nau'ikan shirye-shiryen gida, kayan zaki da canning
Manomi na gama gari iri ne, ba matasan bane, ba za'a iya shuka iri daban daban. Amma duk da haka, bayan 'yan shekaru, tsire-tsire da aka samu ta wannan hanyar suna iya lalacewa, haruffa masu yawa suna ɓacewa. Sabili da haka, kayan dasa abubuwa yana buƙatar sabunta shi.
Tsarin kankana na manoma na gama gari, wanda aka girbe shi da kanshi, mai yuwuwa ne
Melon Kolkhoznitsa ba kawai dadi ba ne, har ma yana da cikakkiyar lafiya. Ganyen tumatir ya ƙunshi yawancin bitamin A, C, E, rukunin B. Daga abubuwan ganowa, kasancewar potassium, magnesium, zinc, jan ƙarfe, manganese, iodine. Fruitsya fruitsyan itãcen marmari sabili da ƙarancin kalori nasu (33-35 kcal a kowace 100 g) ƙari ne mai daɗin daɗi ga kowane irin abinci. Amma daga yin amfani da busassun kankana na waɗanda suke so su rasa nauyi, zai fi kyau mu dena. Abubuwan da ke cikin kalori na irin wannan kayan zaki kusan sau 10 ne.
Melon yana haɓaka samar da kwayoyin halittar, musamman, serotonin. Hakanan ana santa da "hormone na farin ciki." Amfani da gangar jikin abinci na yau da kullum a cikin abinci yana taimaka wajan kawar da matsananciyar damuwa, harin damuwa da rashin damuwa, da kuma fama da rashin bacci.
Fiber yana taimakawa narke abinci mai nauyi, saboda haka guna sau da yawa ana amfani da naman alade, naman alade da aka dafa, yana cikin ɓangaren salatin nama. Wannan galibi yana kama da abincin Rum. Hakanan yana taimakawa magance sakamakon guba, cire gubobi daga jiki, gubobi, salts na baƙin ƙarfe da radionuclides.
Melon tare da naman alade - a farkon kallo, hadewar da ba a zata ba, amma tana da dadi sosai
Hakanan berry ɗin yana cikin buƙatun cosmetology. Beta-carotene da ke cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara ya inganta launin fata, ya ciyar da shi, kuma yana sanya kwantar da hankali, yana taimakawa ingantaccen wrinkles. Masks sanya daga guna guna taimaka rabu da shekaru aibobi da tarko. Lokacin da aka kara ruwan 'ya'yan itace a ruwa don yayyafa gashi, sai su sami haske na halitta, kwararan fitila ya karfafa, dandruff ya gushe.
Bidiyo: fa'idodi na lafiya na guna
Shuka tsaba don shuka da karin kulawa
Melon Kolkhoznitsa za'a iya girma duka daga sayan kuma daga tsaba da aka tattara. Amma a cikin yanayin na ƙarshe, suna buƙatar a ba su izinin yin kwanciyar hankali na shekaru 2-3. Matsakaicin tsiro na sababbin tsaba ya ragu sosai, kuma tsirrai da aka samo daga garesu suna samar da furanni "namiji" fiye da "mace". An zaɓi mafi Girma mai guna mafi girma don dasa. Tabbatar cewa preplant. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen haɓaka tsiro kuma yana taimakawa kare tsire-tsire masu zuwa daga cututtukan fungal.
Abu na farko da yakamata ayi shine a jiƙa tsaba aƙalla awanni 10-12 cikin maganin maganin halittaccen ruwa. Ana ba da babban zaɓi na irin waɗannan magunguna a cikin shagunan musamman. Mafi na yau da kullun sune Epin, Kornevin, potassium humate, heteroauxin. Wasu abubuwa na asalin halitta suna da irin wannan sakamako - ruwan 'ya'yan aloe, zuma, succinic acid, boric acid wanda aka haɗe da zinc sulfate.
Zaku iya jiƙa ƙwayar guna a cikin ruwa na yau da kullun kuma a cikin maganin biostimulant
Sa'an nan hardening ne da za'ayi. Yayin rana, ana adana tsaba kankana a cikin thermos cike da ruwan zafi (kusan 40 ° C). To wannan adadin - a zazzabi dakin talakawa. Mataki na ƙarshe shine sanya tsaba a cikin firiji (ba a cikin injin daskarewa ba) na awanni 18-20.
Fungal cututtuka - mai rauni tabo na gama kai manomi iri-iri. Sabili da haka, jim kaɗan kafin dasa shuki a cikin tukwane ko kuma a gado, ana nutsar da tsaba a kwata na awa ɗaya ko kaɗan a cikin biofungicide da aka narkar da ruwa a cikin girman da aka ƙayyade a cikin umarnin mai ƙira. Magungunan da aka fi amfani dasu sune Alirin-B, Tiovit-Jet, Strobi, Rayek, Topaz. Ya kamata a wanke tsaba da za a bi da su a ƙarƙashin rafin ruwan sanyi kuma a bushe har sai sun sake kwance. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da maganin rasberi-violet na potassiumgangan na kamuwa da cuta. Amma lokacin aiki yana ƙaruwa zuwa sa'a daya da rabi zuwa biyu.
Maganin potassium mai lalacewa - daya daga cikin abubuwanda aka saba dasu
Bidiyon: soaking tsaba kanana kafin dasa shuki
Duk wani juyawa, har daukana, kanuna tsinkaye sosai. Wannan babbar jarabawa ce, musamman ga kananan yaran, wadanda suka rabu da ita, kamar daga mummunan cuta. Saboda haka, ana shuka tsaba nan da nan a cikin tukwane na ɗigon peat, ƙarar abin da ɗan ɗan abin ya wuce gilashi. Ba za su iya yin fahariya da yawa na germination ba, saboda haka yana da kyau a yi shi lafiya, a saka kowane ba ɗaya ba, amma kashi biyu. Sa'an nan kuma ana canja ƙwayar seedlings zuwa gado tare da tanki, wanda a hankali "ya narke" a cikin ƙasa.
Dasa tsaba guna a cikin tukwane na peat yana guje wa dasawa da dangin damuwa a gaba.
A ka’ida, manomi na gama gari zai shirya kankana don abin duniya da aka saya a cikin shago. Amma mafi kyawun zaɓi don shi shine cakuda humus da peat tare da ƙari da ɗan yashi da keɓaɓɓe zuwa ƙasa mai alkama ko carbon mai aiki. Abubuwa biyu na ƙarshe da suka gabata sun kare hana harin pathogenic fungi. Dole ne a sake yin kowane substrate kafin amfani dashi.
Ana shuka tsaba guna da yawa a cikin kowane tukunya
Lingsalingsan itace suna haɓaka da sauri, suna isa zuwa 15 cm cm da ake buƙata a cikin kwanaki 25-30. A wannan gaba, an riga an kafa ganye na gaskiya 4-5. Sabili da haka, an shuka iri a farkon 20 na Afrilu. An dasa dabbobin da suka dace yadda yakamata ana dasa su a cikin dindindin a ƙarshen Mayu, kuma wataƙila a farkon watan Yuni. An ƙayyade takamaiman kwanan wata dangane da yanayin yanayin yankin. A lokaci guda, yana da daraja a lura cewa tsire-tsire “overripe” sun saba da mazauninsu daban da mummunar kuma ya fi tsayi. Idan anyi niyyar noma manoma na gama kai a cikin gidajen katako, duk ranakun an canza su ne kwanaki 15-20 da suka gabata.
Melon seedlings ci gaba da sauri isa, a game da wata daya
Don girma lafiya seedlings, ko da novice lambu iya iya:
- An shuka tsaba biyu a cikin tanki cike da shirye wanda aka shirya, wanda aka nutsar da shi a cikin ƙasa ta 4-5 cm. Abubuwan da ke cikin ikon sun juya zuwa hotbed, rufewa tare da gilashi ko fim mai nuna gaskiya. Itatattun tsaba basa buƙatar haske. Zazzabi a cikin dakin da tukwane suke tsayawa a 25-30 ° C a lokacin, rage shi zuwa 20-22 ° C da dare.
- Tsarin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana jinkirta ta kimanin mako guda. Bayan wannan, seedlings suna buƙatar samar da sa'o'in hasken rana aƙalla awanni 12. A dabi'a, wannan maiyuwa bazaiyi aiki ba, saboda haka ana yin amfani da haske ta amfani da ko dai fitilar al'ada ko fitilun fitila, ko fitowar ta musamman. Mafi kyawun zazzabi don samar da kyawawan tsire-tsire shine 25-28 ° C.
- Don hana haɓakar "ƙafafun baƙar fata", an ƙara ƙaramin yashi mai kyau a sansanonin bishiyoyin. Amfani yana canzawa sosai, amma idan ya bushe bayan ruwa na baya. A karo na farko ana shayar da seedlings ne kawai bayan sun ga farkon ainihin abin da ganye ya bayyana. Babu buƙatar gaggawa don ciyar da ƙwayoyin shuka masu tasowa. Soilasa tana da ƙoshin abinci sosai don wadata ta da duk abin da ya cancanta har sai an canza ta zuwa gonar ko kuma gonar kore. Banda shi shine tsire-tsire waɗanda basu da lafiya sosai. Suna bayan mako biyu bayan ɓullowar ɗakunan ajiya na shuka, musamman tsara don seedlings. An narkar da shi da ruwa, daidai yana riƙe da gwargwadon abin da masanin ya ƙaddara. Bai kamata ya ƙunshi chlorine ba. Al'adar ta mai da hankali ga rashin wannan microelement.
- A cikin yanayin bayyanar ganye na gaske na biyu daga tukwane a cikin tukwane waɗanda tsaba biyu suka girma, an cire samfuran da ba su ci gaba ba. Domin kada ya lalata tushen sauran tsirar, ba su cire shi daga ƙasa ba, amma su yanke shi ko kuma yanke shi kusa da yadda yake-yake.
- Melons, wanda akan sa ganye guda uku, ana haɗa shi pinched don tayar da samuwar sabbin harbe-harbe a gefen shuka.
- Wadannan samfuran da ke cikin tukwane dole ne a soke su. Sun fara gudanar da wannan taron a wani wuri kwanaki 7-9 kafin lokacin da ake saurin juyawa. A rana ta farko, suna da isasshen awoyi don tsayawa a sararin sama, to wannan lokacin a hankali ana ƙara haɓaka ta irin wannan hanyar barin seedlingsayar don “kwana a cikin iska” a ranar ƙarshe.
Guna na kanana ya bayyana da sauri
Bidiyo: yadda ake shuka tsirran lafiya na kankana da kulawa da shi
Ko da kankana mai narkewa yana canjawa zuwa gado da aka shirya ne kawai bayan barazanar bazara mai sanyi wacce take iya wucewa. Hatta manoma mai saurin-sanyi ba zai tsira daga yanayin zafi ba. A wannan lokacin, yakamata ya kamata a sanyaya kayan har zuwa 12-15 ° С a zurfin of 10 cm.
Gwanin Melon ana shuka shi wanda tushe daga tushe ya tashi sama sama da ƙasa
Tsakanin tsire-tsire kusa da kan gado suna riƙe da tazara tsakanin 80-90 cm, jerawa layi shine 120-140 cm. An zubar da rijiyoyin da ruwa mai laushi mai yawa. Hannun humus da teaspoon na sauki superphosphate an zuba a kasan. Ana sanya lingsyan itace a cikin ramuka domin matashin dunƙule ya ɗan ɗanɗana (sama da 5 cm) yana tashi sama da ƙasa. Ba lallai ba ne don rarar ƙasa sosai. Bayan haka, har tsawon makwanni biyu, yana da kyau a kare seedlingsan seedlings daga kamuwa da rana mai haske, a sa su saman gadon baka da jan su da duk wani farin abin rufewa. Hakanan zaka iya rufe su da manyan takaddun takarda ko kuma rassan coniferous.
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan saukowa, toka sake gunawa, sake motsa shi zuwa gaba reshe
Madaidaicin gado na kankana da dasa shuki kai tsaye a cikin kasar
Idan aka kwatanta da cucumbers da zucchini, kankana yana da yawan gaske akan ingancin ƙasa. Wannan kuma ya shafi ba musamman manoma mai tara kayan abinci ba. Sabili da haka, shiri na gonar a fall ya kamata a ba da hankali sosai.
Sauƙaƙe yana da nauyi. A cikin irin wannan danshi ƙasa ba ya stagnate. Sierozem ko loam yana da kyau. Don bayar da "Fluffiness" mai mahimmanci shine an haƙa shi sau biyu - a cikin bazara da kuma bazara, wani wuri mako biyu kafin dasa. Za a buƙatar yashi ya zama wani abu mai nauyi - misalin 5 l / m².
Gabatarwar humus zai baka damar samar da ciyawar da ta wajaba ta guna
Wani buƙatar manoma na gama kai ga ƙasa - abinci mai gina jiki. Saboda haka, kan aiwatar da tono, humus ko takin rotted (amma ba sabo ciyawar saniya) ba lallai ne ya gabatar da shi ba. Latterarshen yana da mummunar tasiri a cikin rigakafin al'ada, dandano da bayyanar 'ya'yan itacen. Mita mai layi ɗaya zata buƙaci kimanin lita 10. Idan ma'aunin acid-base ya bambanta da tsaka tsaki, an daidaita shi. Garin dolomite, ash na itace, ko kaftan kaza da aka kakkaɓa zuwa jihar da ke da ƙara addedaya ana ƙarawa zuwa maɓallin acidic. A cikin alkaline - peat kwakwalwan kwamfuta ko sabo sawdust (mafi kyau daga bishiyoyin coniferous).
Dolomite gari - deoxidizer na ƙasa na ƙasa, batun da sashi ba tare da sakamako masu illa ba
Ana amfani da takin mai ƙasa sau biyu. A lokacin digging wurin da aka zaɓa a cikin fall - phosphoric (35-45 g / m²) da potash (20-30 g / m²), a cikin bazara - nitrogen (10-15 g / m²).
Tare da ɗanɗaɗɗen ruwan gishiri, ana saka al'adun, tare da bushewa da yawa. Amma ruwan ƙasa yana kusantowa kusa da 1.5 m babban dalili ne don neman wani yanki don gadaje. Hills na kankana sunfi kwari. Al'adar ba ta da tsoron iska, amma iska mai laushi da danshi suna yawo a cikin ƙasa na dogon lokaci suna lalata ta.
Melons kawai ya bushe idan sun sami isasshen zafi da hasken rana
Ga kowane kakar wasa mai zuwa, an zaɓi sabon wuri don narkar da kankana. Yakamata ya kasance a bude, rana ta warke sosai. Tabbatar yin la'akari da abin da ya girma a gonar da. Hatsi na hunturu, kowane Legumes na ganye, duk nau'in kabeji, albasa, tafarnuwa, ciyawar kore ba ta cutar da shuka ba. Manya manoma na gama gari suna girma bayan beets (talakawa da ganye), karas da Solanaceae (musamman tumatir).Za'a iya dawo da al'adun tsohuwar gonar ne kawai bayan shekaru 2-3, kuma idan tsirrai sun sha wahala daga kowace cuta, ana sanya "keɓe kai" zuwa shekaru 5. Suna dasa shi har zuwa dama daga cucumbers, zucchini, da sauran "dangi" daga dangin Suman. Haɓaka pollination yana yiwuwa tare da sakamako gaba ɗaya wanda ba a iya faɗi ba. Kwaro daga ƙaura shima yana iya yiwuwa.
Tumatir, kamar sauran Solanaceae - magabata da ba a son su game da guna, al'adu suna fama da cututtuka iri ɗaya
Dasa tsaba daga guna Kolkhoznitsa nan da nan a cikin lambu, ba tare da tsari ba - hanyar da za a samu a Rasha ce kawai ga mazaunan yankin Black Sea da kuma arewacin Caucasus. A duk sauran halayen, gadaje dole ne a matse tare da rufe kayan a jikin arc, cire shi cikin wuta kuma ya sake rufe filayen idan ya yi sanyi. 10 ° С na kanan manoma na gama gari ya zama mai matukar karancin mahimmanci, ciyayi yana raguwa sosai, kuma a cikin Urals da Siberia irin wannan yanayin bazai zama ruwan dare ba a lokacin bazara. Dangane da haka, dole ne lambu ya kasance ya ci gaba da zama a shafin, wanda ba kowa bane ke aiwatar da shi.
An shirya tsarin ne don shekaru goma na biyu na Mayu ko farkon Yuni. Ana buƙatar aikin jiyya na sama. Hakanan ana biye da shawarar tsarin disembarkation. Tsaba a cikin shirye da kuma moistened ramuka suna sown a wata biyu na guda, yafa masa murkushe peat ko humus gauraye da ash. Yankin farin ciki mai kauri shine 4-5 cm Har zuwa lokacin 'Ya'yan Ganyayyaki na Girke-girke na tsiro, ana kiyaye gado na lambun a ƙarƙashin wani ɗambin murfin filastik. Sa'an nan kuma an jujjuya shi zuwa cikin "greenhouse", yana jan a kan tarkace na kayan sutura. Sai kawai lokacin da seedlings suka kai girman seedlings wanda ya dace da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ana iya cire shi kwana ɗaya. Bayan wasu ranakun 20-25, an cire kore gaba daya. Irin wannan tsari yana da amfani don kare substrate daga waterlogging. Sabili da haka, waɗanda suke da babban "ƙwarewa" a cikin guna masu girma, suna ba da shawara don mayar da shi, a yanayin idan lokacin bazara yayi sanyi da sanyi.
Murfin abu yana kare kanuna daga sanyi, zafi da sanya ruwa na ƙasa
Kula da seedlings a cikin lambu kusan iri ɗaya ne a cikin cewa yana buƙatar seedlings na manoma na gama kai a kan windowsill. M yawan watering na bushewa substrate. A karo na farko, ana ciyar da kankana fiye da watanni 1.5 bayan shuka iri. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci kuzari lokaci da kuzari don hana faruwar kwaro. Zasu iya cutar da toan yara da yawa fiye da na tsirrai.
Lokacin dasa shuki guna a cikin ƙasa, dole ne a kiyaye tazara tsakanin su
Nasihu don haɓaka guna na gama gari a cikin ƙasa bude da indomin
Manomi mai wadataccen yana kwatanta dacewa da "dangi" tare da ƙarancin haushi yayin barin, amma wannan baya nuna cewa mutum na iya fatan samun kyakkyawan amfanin gona ba tare da tunanin fasahar fasahar noma ba.
Nawa ne lokacin wucewa tsakanin ruwa yana shafar shekarun tsirrai da yanayi. Tsawon sati daya da rabi zuwa sati biyu bayan an juyar da shugabansu zuwa wuri na dindindin, ana kiyaye kasar gona a cikin yanayi mai dindindin a koda yaushe, tana shayar da Matar Aure a ko wace rana 2-3. Sannan tsaka-tsakin dake tsakanin hanyoyin yana zuwa kwanaki 6-7 (in babu hazo). Amma a cikin zafi, ana buƙatar buƙatar saka ruwa na yau da kullun. Kwanaki 14-16 kafin yankan yankan da akayi niyya, an daina hana ruwa yawan sha da guna-gwadon samun iyakar zaƙi kuma baya fasawa.
Rage ruwa shine mafi dacewa hanya ba kawai ga kankana ba, har ma don "dangi" - cucumbers da zucchini
Adadin yawan amfani da ruwa don canjawa wuri zuwa samfuran gonar shine lita 1.5-2, don guna manya - 3.5-4 lita. Mafi kyau ga shuka, idan an aiwatar da hanya da sassafe. Kowane lokaci bayan shi, ƙasa tana kwance a hankali. An zubar da ruwa zuwa cikin tsagi a cikin kango ko kuma zobe a kusa da tushe na mai tushe. Ban ruwa na kwandon rake ya dace da al'adu, amma shirya duk abin da kuke buƙata ba koyaushe yake ingantawa a zahiri. Amma yayyafa ruwa da ruwa daga mayukan ruwa, tiyo don manoma na gama gari ba da shawarar sosai ba. Saukad da fadowa a cikin ganyayyaki da harbe suna tsokani da cigaban rot, faduwar furanni da 'ya'yan itace, musamman idan anyi amfani da ruwan sanyi. Zuba shi a karkashin tushen shi ma bai darajashi ba - ana wanke madaidaicin da sauri daga garesu, an fallasa su kuma bushe.
Saukad da fadowa akan ganye, harbe, furanni da 'ya'yan itacen zuriya na iya tsokani cigaban rot
Don haɓaka mai jituwa, guna yana buƙatar sabon rabo na macronutrients, saboda haka ana ciyar da kowane mako biyu. A karo na farko, ana aiwatar da hanyar bayan mako biyu (ko kadan kadan) daga lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kasa. Har sai 'ya'yan itaciya sun kirkiro, al'adar na bukatar nitrogen. Mafi kyawun takin zamani wanda ke dauke da wannan macroelement shine carbamide, sulfate na ammonium, nitonium nitrate. An kawo su a bushe, suna watsuwa a kan gado bayan sun kwance, ko kuma a tare da ruwa. Babban taro na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin maganin ba zai amfana da tsire-tsire ba; 10-15 g a kowace lita 10 zai isa.
Urea, kamar sauran takin mai magani na nitrogen, yana motsa guna-gwai don samar da ingantaccen taro.
Kuna iya dafa abinci ku ciyar da kanku. Ana amfani da taki mai saniya, busassun kaza, ganye mai ɗanɗano, da ganyen Dandelion a matsayin albarkatun ƙasa. Kwandon ya cika da su kamar na uku kuma ya ƙara ruwa mai ɗumi. Sannan akwati a rufe sosai kuma a bar ta tsawon kwanaki 3-4 a cikin rana. Gaskiyar cewa takin yana shirye ana iya yin hukunci ta hanyar bayyanar da sifar "ƙanshi". Kafin amfani, dole ne a tace shi kuma a tsatsa da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10. An rage yawan maida hankali a cikin mafita ta wani sau 1.5.
Nettle jiko - gaba daya na halitta da kuma gaba daya free taki
'Ya'yan itãcen girke-girke suna buƙatar phosphorus da potassium sosai. Don ciyar da kankana a cikin wannan lokacin, suna juyawa zuwa takin da aka sayi takin zamani na gourds (Gumi Omi, Ganyen fure, Jagora, Bona Forte). Lambunan da ba sa son sinadarai suna maye gurbinsu da itacen ash. Kuna iya ƙara shi zuwa gindin mai tushe ko shirya jiko, zuba 0.5 lita na kayan albarkatu tare da lita uku na ruwan zãfi.
Wood ash - asalin halitta asalin potassium da phosphorus
Bidiyo: Nasihun Kula da Melon
Tsara tsari don Girlan Matanoma na lectasa na takamaiman hanya ce ta wajibi. Kwarewar 'yan lambu ya nuna cewa furanni "namiji" ne kawai aka kera su akan babban harbi. "Mace", kuma, saboda haka, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari an kafa ne kawai a gefen lashes. Don ta da shuka zuwa reshe, tsunkule kankana a mataki na girma seedlings. Amma bai cancanci wuce shi ba. A cikin yanayin canjin kudu da ya dace don al'adu, zaku iya barin harbe har sau 3-4, a cikin Urals, Siberiya, sauran yankuna masu yanayin yanayi iri ɗaya - babu sama da biyu.
Furanni '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 'Furuzan' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 'iri iri.
A kan ƙazantattun bushes manoma na gama gari suna barin fruitsa 5an 5-6, a kan rashin bunƙasa - mafi girman 2-3aikai 2. Ya kamata a rarraba su ko ƙasa da daidai. Interaramar tazara tsakanin su shine kusan cm 30. Sun kuma maida hankali kan yadda dumama take da rana a kan titi. Idan yanayin yanayi na kankana bai dace ba, ana rage nauyin da ke kan tsire-tsire.
Yawan 'ya'yan itacen da akan bari a kan lebur na kankana ya dogara da dalilai da yawa.
Don haka kuna buƙatar jira har sai 'ya'yan itacen' ya'yan itacen 'ya’yan itace su isa ga ƙwar kaza. Waɗanda aka zaɓa waɗanda aka zaɓa waɗanda aka zana ta hanyar zanen gado guda biyar daga fruita lastan na ƙarshe Hakanan, suna buƙatar cire duk matakan gefen. A ƙarƙashin 'ya'yan itaciyar, sun sa ƙyalli, gilashi, faranti, rufin ya ji don kare shi daga hulɗa da ƙasa. Wannan na iya haifar da ci gaban rot. Don dalilai iri ɗaya, an cire ragowar fure furanni daga 'ya'yan itacen ƙamshi.
Yin kankana ba zai iya kwantawa kai tsaye a kasa ba, wannan yakan haifar da ci gaban rot
Bidiyo: Tsarin Melon
Eterayyade idan guna mai cikakke sauƙi ne. Zai fara yada ƙanshin halayyar mutum, bawo yakan samu ɗan inuwa na yau da kullun, ɗan kwalin kore ya bushe, ciyawar takan bushe. Idan ka buga kan kankana, ana jin karaya mara nauyi. An yanka manomi na gama gari da safe ko da yamma, a cikin bushewar yanayi, tare da wani ɓangaren farfajiyar 4-5 cm tsayi. A lokaci guda, ba za ku iya jan bulala ko juya shi ba.
A kowane hali, guna cikakke na Kolkhoznitsa iri-iri ba a adana shi na dogon lokaci, amma ga 'ya'yan itãcen marmari a wannan lokacin ba ɗan lokaci ba
Ana kula da 'ya'yan itatuwa sosai a hankali. Kwasfawa daga cikin manoma na gama gari yayi mai yawa, amma koda ƙarancin lalacewarsa yakan haifar da lalacewar guna. Tsarin yana gudana cikin sauri, a zahiri a cikin kwanaki 3-4. Adana amfanin gona da aka girbe a cikin firiji daga apple da ayaba waɗanda ke haɓaka ethylene. Ba da shawarar girbi. Overripe manomi na gama kai yayi ɗanɗano mai ɗaci.
Melon yana da kayan tsiro bayan an sare shi daga tsire. Wannan yana ba ku damar ɗanɗaɗɗa rayuwar shiryayye. Ana kiyaye irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin wuri mai duhu tare da samun iska mai kyau a zazzabi na 8-10 ° C da zafi 60-65%.
Shuka manoma na gama gari a cikin gidan takin zamani yana ba ka damar samun amfanin gona makonni 2-2.5 a baya fiye da bude ƙasa. A cikin kaka, dole ne a tsabtace substrate na tarkace tsire-tsire da haifuwa ta hanyar zubar ruwan zãfi ko wani duhu duhu rasberi potassium permanganate. Tabbatar da zazzage sabon humus tare da kauri na aƙalla 15-20 cm .. Gilashin da sauran saman an goge su da maganin lemun tsami mai laushi. Ko da don kamuwa da cuta, zaku iya ƙonewa a cikin ƙaramin ɗan kwastan ɓawon sulfur.
Wani babban bambanci daga namo waje shine cewa mai kula da lambun dole ne ya kula da aikin pollin akan nasa. Don yin wannan, ɗauki fure na "namiji", tsaga furannin kuma da hannu, tare da buroshi mai laushi ko ƙusoshin auduga, canja wurin pollen zuwa samfuran "mace" (ana iya rarrabe su ta kasancewar ƙwayayen 'ya'yan itace a gindi).
Sarari a cikin gidan gona yana da iyaka, saboda haka guna na girma ne kawai a kan trellis. Wannan yana ba ku damar rage tazara kaɗan tsakanin tsirrai (har zuwa cm 70). Ana yin harbe harbe sama sama kuma an ɗaura su zuwa wayoyi da aka shimfiɗa su a kwance yayin da suke girma. Kai tsaye "ja jiki" a kan goyon baya, manne wa shi, manomi na gama-gari ba zai iya ba.
Gwiren masara na girma da kankana ya kamata ya zama babba, a kalla 2 m
Lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen' ya'yan itacen ovaries suka kai girman kwallon don wasan tennis, an saka kowannensu a cikin raga. Ita, biyun, ta jingina da ƙugiya da aka makaɗa da tallafi ɗaya. Melons girma a cikin greenhouse suna da yawa gabatarwa fiye da waɗanda suke ripen a bude ƙasa. Suna da fasali, daidai da launi, tare da fata mai laushi ba tare da "tubercles" ba.
The harbe na gama kai manomi ne na bakin ciki, za su iya karya kashe da nauyin 'ya'yan itacen
Dole ne a fitar da iska a kai a kai a kai a kai. Babban zafi da iska mai kyau yanayi ne mai dacewa ga rayuwar yawancin kwari. Sun dace da fungi na pathogenic.
Theasar haihuwar guna shine Asiya ta Tsakiya. Saboda haka, yana da haƙuri da zafi. Amma idan zazzabi ta tashi sama da 35 ° C, aiwatar da haɓakar tsiro zai ragu, yana "ɓoyewa." Don guje wa wannan, a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi, ana zubar da hanyoyi a cikin ruwan sanyi tare da ruwan sanyi, kuma an fesa gilashin tare da lemun tsami daga ruwan da ke ciki.
Bidiyo: kula da kankana da aka girma a cikin greenhouse
Wani gagarumin hasara na iri-iri shine zubewar lalacewa ta hanyar cututtukan fungi. Kulawa da kyau, jujjuyawar amfanin gona da isasshen tazara tsakanin tsirrai sune rigakafin kyau, amma akwai wasu matakan ingantattu. Mafi haɗari ga manoma gama kai:
- Powdery Mildew Bar ganye da harbe an rufe shi da bakin ciki na plaque, tunawa da gari da aka zubar. A hankali ya kan yi kauri kuma ya yi duhu, yana canza launi zuwa launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. Ganyen da abin ya shafa ya bushe kuma ya mutu.
- Peronosporosis (mildew mai saukarwa). A gefen gaban takarda, rawaya mai launin rawaya na maras kyau siffar blur, da ba daidai ba gefen an tightened tare da ci gaba Layer na ash-m plaque. Kayan da abin ya shafa sun lalace, baƙi, suka mutu.
- Fusarium (tushen rot). Tushen mai tushe ya yi laushi, an rufe shi da '' kuka '' launin shuɗi. Wani mummunan wari da aka ba shi ya fito daga ƙasa.
- Anthracnose. Ganyen an rufe shi da aibi-launin shuɗi, a kan harbe da 'ya'yan itatuwa kaɗan an shigar da “raunuka” na daskararru ko launin ruwan hoda. Kayan da abin ya shafa sun lalace kuma suka mutu.
Hoton hoto: alamun cututtukan cututtukan manomi na gama gari
- Powdery mildew a cikin ganyayyaki alama ce mai lahani mara illa wacce ke da sauƙin sharewa, amma a zahiri cuta ce mai haɗari
- Yankin ruwan sama mai zafi yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban peronosporosis
- Zai yuwu kusan a lura da cigaban fusarium a matakin farko.
- Anthracnosis cuta ce mai haɗari wanda ke haɓaka da sauri.
Yin rigakafin haɓakar cutar ya fi sauƙi daga yaƙar mummunan sakamako a gaba. Don rigakafin, kan aiwatar da loosening, da substrate a kan gado an yayyafa shi tare da sulfur colloidal, tsire-tsire kansu suna ƙura tare da alli mai kaɗa ko ash ash. Yawancin lu'ulu'u ne na potassium na daskararren lokaci ana ƙara ruwa zuwa ga ruwa don ban ruwa, suna ba shi ɗanɗano mai ruwan hoda. Albasa da tafarnuwa ana shuka su ne kewaye da kewaya da tsakanin layuka. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna haifar da canzawa, suna lalata pathogenic fungi.
Yana da amfani don kewaya gado tare da guna da kewayen kewaye tare da albasa ko tafarnuwa, wannan ingantacciyar rigakafin cututtukan fungal
Ya kamata a bincika filaye akai-akai, don neman alamun bayyanar cututtuka. A farkon matakan bunkasa, magungunan jama'a sun isa sosai don magani. Mafi na kowa daga gare su - kumfa gidan ko kore potash sabulu, diluted da ruwa, soda ash ko yin burodi soda, mustard foda jiko. Wani dililin 1:10 kefir ko whey tare da ƙari na aidin (digo kowace lita) shima ya dace.
Idan ba'a bata lokaci ba ko sakamako babu tsammani, koma zuwa "manyan bindigogi" - fungicides. Pathogens baya jure mahallin jan karfe. Amma ya kamata a tuna cewa ba za a iya amfani dasu don lura da tsire-tsire na fure ba kuma idan an rage ƙasa da wata ɗaya kafin girbi.
An fi son shirye-shiryen asalin asalin halitta, sune ƙananan cutarwa ga yanayin. Amma akwai kuma abin dogaro, an tabbatar da ƙarni da yawa na lambu, ruwa na Bordeaux, sulfate na tagulla. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, jiyya 3-4 tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 4-6 sun isa. Amma a matakai na gaba na ci gaban cutar, ba a da tabbacin nasara. Fusarium yana da haɗari musamman a wannan ma'anar. Naman gwari na dogon lokaci yana tsiro ne kawai a kan tushen sa, baya bayyana kansa ta kowace hanya a ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire.
Ruwan Bordeaux abu ne na yau da kullun na kashe-kashe, wanda yake da sauƙin shirya kansa
Samfurori masu rauni da ba za a iya yin nasara da su ba har yanzu ba za a yi baƙin ciki ba. Wannan shine tushen kamuwa da cuta. Sabili da haka, an cire su nan da nan daga gonar kuma an ƙone su. Amsar da ke cikin wannan wurin ana gurbata shi da zartar da babban sinadarin ‘violetate’ na potassium ko duwatsun 5% na sulfate.
Melons a Siberiya
Girma guna Kolkhoznitsa a Siberiya abu ne tabbatacce, har ma a filin ƙasa. A iri-iri ne sosai dace da wannan saboda ta sanyi juriya da gajeren girma kakar.
Kyakkyawan zaɓi don wannan yankin shine abin da ake kira gado mai ɗumi. Ana cire daskararren ƙasa na 10 cm cm lokacin farin ciki a wani wurin da aka zaɓa kuma wani yanki na daskararre saniya 4-5 cm lokacin farin ciki an shimfiɗa shi a ƙasa.Don haka, ramin da aka samar yana rufe da ganyaye, ciyayi, ƙananan rassan, sawdust, da sauran sharar shuka. Daga sama, suna zube shi duka tare da bayani na takin nitrogen (20-25 g a kowace l l) kuma suna zuba Layer na ƙasa mai ƙyalli tare da kauri na 20-25 cm.
Bedarin kwanciya mai dumama da sauri sama da yadda aka saba a bazara
Komawar sanyi a Siberiya ba sabon abu ba ne kawai a lokacin bazara har ma a lokacin rani. Idan ana tsammanin ingantaccen kwantar da hankali, ana kare seedlingsan itacen daga mummunan sakamakon, yana yin alamuran kewaye da gado. Wata hanyar ita ce ta fesa kankana tare da Epin a cikin ruwan sanyi (5 L ampoule). Sakamakon wannan magani yana ɗaukar kwanaki 7-8.
Kulawar Epin yana taimakawa kare kankana daga yanayin zafi
Bidiyo: namo gourds a Siberiya
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Manomi na gama gari shine kankana na tsakiyar lokacin, ya ce "kwanaki 77-110", fahimci yadda ake so. Wataƙila zai iya yaduwa a cikin yankin Moscow, ko wataƙila ba. A baya, galibi na shuka iri daga gunawar Turkmen wacce ta rage bayan guna. Na dasa shi a cikin kore, kuma, ga mamakina, ƙarami yayin da ƙwallo ya girma, wasu sun yi zaki, wasu ba.
Mandrake
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/13024/
A bara, wani manomi na gama gari yayi girma kankana a cikin kairinta - amfanin gona yayi kyau sosai, kamar daga kudu. Amma, idan kun tuna, damina ta ƙarshe tayi zafi sosai. Kuma a wannan shekara akwai amfanin gona, amma guna kaɗan ne, kuma ba su yi nune ba. Ina tsammani za su yi huda da kaka, amma fiɗaɗɗunsu duk suka bushe.
Magunguna
//indasad.ru/forum/62-ogorod/6437-dynya-kolkhoznitsa-raz-na-raz-ne-prikhoditsya
Melon Kolkhoznitsa yana tare da ni. Ta fi komai dadi. Amma debe guda ɗaya - daga shuka ɗaya kawai 'ya'yan itaciya 1-2, tunda wannan nau'ikan iri ne!
Charlie 83
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1231&start=30
A namo melons iri gama kai manomi da muke yi. Akwai kankana a kowace shekara, amma sunada dandano sosai kamar kokwamba ...
Milla
//dv0r.ru/forum/index.php?topic=15086.0
Mahaifiyata ta haɓaka guna uku na Kolkhoznitsa a cikin greenhouse a bara. Melons 'yan kadan kadan fiye da kantin sayar da kayayyaki, masu kamshi sosai, cikakke, amma ba mai dadi sosai. Gaskiya ne, an dasa su a kusurwar nesa na kore, watakila babu isasshen haske. A wannan shekara za mu sa su a cikin wurin da ya fi haske.
Blondilla
//forum.na-svyazi.ru/?showtopic=1486397
Shekaru biyu na dasa tsire-tsire na ruwa (Spark, Chill, Rakhat Lukum, Sugar Baby) da kankana (Yarinyar Noma na Noma, Zinare). Ta halitta, ta hanyar seedlings, Na dasa komai a buɗe a cikin rabin na biyu na Mayu. Sun fara farawa a tsakiyar watan Agusta. Melons ba su da girma, amma mai kamshi da daɗi.
Matar Baturke
//forum.na-svyazi.ru/?showtopic=1486397
Ina zaune a wani gida mai zaman kansa, muna da babban lambu sabili da haka muna ƙoƙarin dasa komai. Ciki har da kankana. Ina matukar son guna. Na kasance ina dasa shuki da manoma iri iri na tsawon shekaru 4, Ina son sa, noman bai taba lalacewa ba. Melon Kolkhoznitsa shine mafi mashahuri iri-iri, iri-iri shine tsakiyar lokaci da yaduwa. Ana kiyaye 'ya'yan itacen sosai, kuma ba sa tabarbarewa yayin sufuri. Ina yin matsawa da matsawa daga 'ya'yan itãcen, na adana shi a cikin kwalba, sannan a cikin hunturu Ina samun irin wannan abincin mai daɗin ci. Buɗe tulu da ƙanshi. Shuka da kanta tare da kara na bakin ciki, yana da elongated sosai. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun girma na fata, launin rawaya-mai launi a launi, mai santsi zuwa taɓawa. Lokacin da aka yanke 'ya'yan itacen, muna ganin farin ɓangaren litattafan almara, yana dandana mai daɗin daɗi da bushewa. Da kuma yadda yake jin ƙamshi ... Ba zan iya isar muku da ƙanshin guna ba. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu ɗanɗano! Bayan germination, kuna buƙatar jira game da kwanaki 80-90 kuma 'ya'yan nunannun za su yi girma. Ni da maigidana muna tattara zuwa 5 kilogiram daga tsire ɗaya. Girbi ya isa duka iyalin, kuma a rufe a cikin kwalba na Sweets don hunturu. Wani lokaci mukan siyar kuma mu kula da abokanmu da abokanmu!
Darinkaa
//otzovik.com/review_925028.html
Akwai guna da yawa iri, ba za ku iya lissafa duka su ba, amma don da yawa, da yawa, shekaru da yawa Girlan Matan Kayan gona sun kasance na fi so !!! Ta yaya nake ƙaunar ta !!! Don juiciness, don dandano, don zaƙi da taushi, har ma da ƙanƙantarsa !!! Da alama a gare ni cewa yana da sauƙin cin shi a lokaci guda, kuma ba ya kwance a cikin girki da sanyayawar iska !!! Kuma idan ɗayan bai isa ba, to, za ku iya ci biyu ko uku sau ɗaya! Sonana yana ƙaunar wannan guna. Tana kulawa da sauran cikin nutsuwa, amma tana ƙaunar ta sosai !!!
Pinki
//irecommend.ru/content/moya-samaya-lyubimaya-dynka
Duk tsawon lokacin da ta yi mafarkin ta girma da kankana a cikin lambu. Ina zaune a yankin Arewa maso yamma. Don yankin arewacin mu, ana gundura da guna-guna da dama na Kolkhoznitsa. Na yi kokarin girma da shi sau da yawa riga. Melons yayi girma, amma ba manya bane. Dole mu shuka su a cikin seedlings. Wannan wani ciwon kai ne. Bayan dasawa, sun ɗauki tushe na dogon lokaci, mutum zai faɗi, har da zafin rai. Dole ne su rarraba wuri a cikin greenhouse tsakanin tumatir ko cucumbers. Wannan shine tsire-tsire na ƙasan zafi. Amma, kamar yadda na fahimta a bara, yana da kyawawa cewa an cire fim gaba ɗaya lokacin lokacin dumi. Kwatsam, mun jefa 'yan' kanan guna a cikin wani lambun bude gonar. Don haka, yayin da yake da ɗumi, sun kama danginsu a cikin gidan kore a cikin haɓaka. Amma, lokacin da kwanakin sanyi suka zo, sun daina haɓaka. Kuma na lura cewa waɗannan ƙwayoyin bazata da dama sun girma da ƙarfi kuma suna da koshin lafiya fiye da yadda tsaba suka fito gida. Abin ban sha'awa, guna, kamar tumatir, na iya shuka a gida. Fallaya daga cikin faɗuwa, mun ɗauki gidan guna mai kore marasa kyau, don nishaɗi. Daga kore, ya juya launin rawaya. Duk da cewa dukkanmu mun ci ƙwanan namu, amma ba mu lura da abin sha ba. Har yanzu, tabbas saboda rashin rana.
Lezera
//otzovik.com/review_420994.html
Girma guna a cikin lambu abu ne mai wahala. Amma akwai nau'ikan da suka dace sosai don ba ma gogaggen lambu, alal misali, manomi na gama kai, wanda ke da fa'ida da yawa, wanda ya gagara tsayawa takara daga sababbin kayayyakin kiwo fiye da shekaru 70. Kula da tsire-tsire ba shi da rikitarwa, kodayake, hakika, kuna buƙatar sanin kanku da ƙarancin fasahar noma a gaba. Duk kokarin da aka yi, manoma na gama gari za su gode wa mai gonar tare da girbin 'ya'yan itaciyar mai dadi sosai.
