Kyau mara kyau (viburnum): mafi kyawun iri, ingantaccen tsarin kulawa da kulawa

A kowane lokaci na shekara, daji na viburnum shine adon lambun: a lokacin furanni, fararen furanni masu kamshi suna rufe daji da murfin kamshi, 'ya'yan itaciyar suna zuba a lokacin rani, a damina, gungu masu cike da haske suna birgima daga bangon ja-mai-kyau. Toara zuwa wannan almara labarin picturean tarihi da tatsuniyoyi waɗanda suka ce wannan itaciyar alama ce ta ƙauna, farin ciki da kyan gani, kuma tabbas zaku yanke shawarar cewa dole ne muryar viburnum tayi kusa da gidan ku.

Tarihin girma viburnum

A yanayi, viburnum yana yaduwa a yawancin lardin arewa, a cikin Andes, Antilles da Madagascar. A cikin yankin tsohuwar USSR, an samo viburnum kusan ko'ina cikin ɓangaren Turai, Yammaci da Tsakiyar Siberiya, a gabashin gabashin da arewacin Kazakhstan.

Daga Latin, an fassara sunan tsiro kamar "itacen inabi", "sanda." Sauƙaƙewar harbewar viburnum ya sa ya yiwu a yi amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar wickerwork daban-daban. Akwai sigogin da yawa dangane da asalin sunan Slavic na shuka. Yana da alaƙa da launi na 'ya'yan itace da aka dafa (suna kama da launi da karfe mai ƙuna), tare da zazzabin berries bayan an sanya su cikin sanyi, tare da siffar ganye (an sassaka, suna kama da weji, ganye mai maple).

'Ya'yan itãcen Viburnum sun girma a ƙarshen bazara - farkon faɗuwa

Daga a tarihi, Kalina an dasa shi kusa da filayen girkin. Duk wurin da aka cinye berries ɗin shi azaman ciko ne don kayan kwalliya-guelder-fure, a ɓoye su tare da zuma, ana amfani da su don magani da dalilai na kwaskwarima, lokacin aikin gona ya ƙaddara ta hanyar fure.

An yi imani cewa wannan itacen da aka baiwa da ikon fitar da mugayen ruhohi. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka yi amfani da reshen viburnum azaman kayan ado yayin bukukuwa daban-daban da kuma bukukuwa. Siffar da ke zama dole a teburin bikin aure wata boyayyar bola ce wacce ke nuna kauna, kyakkyawa da aminci.

Nau'in viburnum

Viburnum itace itace ko itace mai kauri tare da bakin ciki, manyan ganyayyaki da fari, wani lokacin dan karamin haske mai launin pink. Viburnum blooms a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon bazara. Fulawa yana ɗaukar watanni 1.5. Berries da aka tattara a gungu suna haɓaka a kaka. Zai fi kyau tara su bayan sanyi na farko, kamar yadda ƙanƙanin sanyi yake sa su zama daɗin ci, yana inganta abubuwan amfani.

Har zuwa yau, akwai nau'ikan wannan shuka sama da 150. Suna da bambanci sosai. Mafi na kowa ne deciduous shrubs, amma akwai evergreen (Laurel-leaved) har ma da hunturu-flowered iri. Sun bambanta a cikin sigogi da yawa: tsayi, ƙimar girma, launi da ɗanɗano 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, nauyin berries.

Gaban Hoton Hoto: ire-ire na nau'in Viburnum

Mafi kyawun nau'in viburnum

Idan ka shawarta zaka shuka viburnum akan maƙarƙankaranka don tattara girbi mai yawa na berries ko kuma a matsayin shuka mai ado, to, zai fi kyau ka sayi varian wasa. 'Ya'yan itace, suna tallata su, suna bada' yan itace a shekara. Abubuwan ado na Varietal ba sabon abu bane kuma na musamman a lokacin furanni.

Tebur: nau'in viburnum

Hoton hoto: nau'ikan viburnum

Binciken lambu game da nau'ikan viburnum

Viburnum da wuya ya kai tsayin mita uku, daji ya fara faduwa kuma ya tanƙwara ƙasa ... additionari da nau'ikan, kula da nau'ikan Ulgen, Souzga, Taiga rubies.

Yanina

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Ga kowane mai sha'awar, Ina bayar da shawarar da iri-iri Maria. Na karanta cewa an samo shi ta hanyar zaɓi daga daji. Amma ya bambanta da rashin haushi kuma ya fi girma (sau 1.5), mai amfani.

toliam1

//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=38&t=4179&start=30

Kusan ba ni cin berries na viburnum, amma na girma viburnum a cikin gidan ƙasar - kyakkyawan shuka da tsuntsayen kamar sa. Ina da bushes uku - ja guelder-fure, guelder-fure Buldonezh da kuma Xanthocarpum mai launin rawaya-kore. Baya ga gaskiyar cewa 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launin rawaya ne, foan ganye ba ya sake yin laushi a faɗuwar, amma ya kasance kore, yana samun ɗan kwalliyar launin rawaya. Girman ganyen ya fi girma kamar ja. The berries dandana al'ada, ba su bambanta da ja, bayan sanyi suka zama translucent - sun yi kyau, kamar gilashin launin rawaya. Masu cin nasara a cikin karkara da kyau. Ya girma a cikin wani wuri mai damp da m wuri, da kwari, kamar kowane viburnum, suna matukar son, musamman aphids, amma fure girma a nan kusa ba ko kaɗan sha'awar aphids.

Svetlana Yurievna

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Zai fi kyau dasa Buldenezh iri-iri a cikin rana kuma kada ku manta cewa daji zai yi girma sosai kuma zuwa sama kuma a faɗin ƙasa! Kuna iya yanke shi, amma a gare ni cewa ba lallai ba ne ... yana kama da dalla-dalla sosai lokacin da babba da duka a cikin fararen ƙwallon ƙafa! Har yanzu namu yana girma, kuma masananmu sun riga suna da giza-gizan kusa da gidan - kuma ba za ku iya samun irin wannan kyakkyawa ba, ku yarda da ni! Duk wanda yaga daskarewa ... kuma baya mutuwa da wuri. Ina ba da shawara? Tabbatacce - Ee! Rashin daidaituwa kuma m!

ISAN3188

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Siffofin dasawa da dasa bishiyar viburnum

Lokacin zabar wani wuri don dasa viburnum, mai da hankali kan wurare tare da inuwa mai sane da ke da tsaka-tsakin yanayi ko ƙasa mai cike da acidic. Guelder-fure zai yi girma a kan yankuna masu yashi da podzolic, amma ba za ku sami amfanin gona mai kyau ba.

Viburnum yana girma mafi kyau a bankunan koguna, koguna, Wuraren wucin gadi.

Wata daya kafin shuka, ana bada shawarar gabatar da takin peat da phosphorus-potassium a cikin kasar. Za'a iya aiwatar da dasa shuki na viburnum a cikin bazara ko kaka, tare da fasaha masu zuwa:

1. Sun tono rami na dasawa wanda ke auna kimanin cm 50x50x50. Lokacin dasa shuki da yawa tsirrai, ana wadatar da aƙalla aƙalla 3 m tsakanin su.
2. Babban ƙasa ƙasa mai laushi ya haɗu da peat ko humus (1 guga a kowace rami na dasa), 3 tbsp .. An haɗa da cakuda. l urea da 0.5 l na ash ko gari dolomite.
3. An sanya seedling a tsaye a tsakiyar ramin, yana lura da wurin da tushen wuya. Ana iya binne shi bai wuce 5 cm ba.
4. A rami tare da seedling an rufe shi da tattalin cakuda cakuda.
5. A kusa da seedling shirya rami don watering. A farkon watering ya kamata yalwatacce (game da 30 lita na ruwa).
6. An kewaye da'irar gangar jikin itace da ciyawa da peat.

Ya kamata a cire ƙwayar Viburnum daga cikin akwati kuma a hankali baza tushen

Juyawar Viburnum

Idan an shuka tsinkayen viburnum na dogon lokaci, amma yayi girma ba talauci kuma yana bada 'ya'ya, muna buƙatar tunani game da dasa tsiron. Wajibi ne a lamurran da ke tafe:

• viburnum bai isa sararin samaniya don ci gaba na al'ada da ci gaba ba. Ana zalunta shi ta hanyar ginawa da sauran saukowa;
• makircin ba shi da kwanciyar hankali ga shuka dangane da haske. Rana mai tsakar rana tana bushewa ƙasa, inuwa mai ƙarfi ta shafi lafiyar shuka;
• Kuna amfani da tsararren tsiro mai adalci kamar saurin shuka (da kuka ɗauka daga abokan ku, maƙwabta, sun haƙa da rawar daji a cikin daji).

Za'a iya aiwatar da juyawa a bazara, kaka ko lokacin bazara, bin ka'idoji masu sauƙi:

1. Ana shirin dasa tsiron. Yana da kyawawa cewa itacen yana saurayi da lafiya. Ana cire rassan lalatattu daga gare ta, sannan a haƙa daji a kusa da akwati. Yi wannan a hankali kuma a hankali, ƙoƙarin kada ku cutar da tushen tsarin. Idan ya cancanta, cire mafi girman tushen harbe, lubricating wuraren yankan tare da gawayi.
2. Ana shirya wani wurin juyawa. Muna tono rami mai dasawa, muna mai da hankali kan girman tushen saiti, amma ba kasa da 50x50x50 cm ba .. Don mayar da shuka da aka dasa, zamuyi amfani da cakuda ƙasa wanda muka shirya, har ma da dasa iri iri na viburnum.
3. Bayan an yafa seedling tare da ƙasa da ƙasa a keken, sai a zuba buhun ruwa guda 2 a cikin ramin. Wannan zai taimaka matuka game da kasar gona da kuma cire abubuwan da zasu yiwu.
4. Idan an aiwatar da dasawa a cikin kaka, to, ban da mulching, ana bada shawara don dumama, rufe tsire don hunturu.
5. Ciyawar da aka dasa itace take bukatar datti. Tare da dasa kaka, wannan hanya za a iya jinkirta har sai lokacin bazara. Lalacewa, an yanke rassan bushewa zuwa tushe, da ragowar - 20-25 cm sama da matakin ƙasa. Irin wannan kwalliyar zai taimaka sake farfado da daji da aka dasa.

Idan bayan dasawa, har yanzu viburnum blooms talauci, za'a iya yanke shi kusan zuwa tushe, barin gangar jikin da rassan 20 cm daga ƙasa

Taki da ruwa

A cikin lokutan bushewa, shuka yana buƙatar shayarwa (sau biyu a mako, bulan ruwa guda 2 a ƙarƙashin daji). Don samun kyakkyawan girbi na berries da launi mai laushi a cikin siffofin na ado, ana bada shawarar ciyar da viburnum:

• a cikin bazara, ana bada shawarar aiwatar da sutura 2. Kafin kumburi da kodan, urea (50 g da 1 m²) Kafin fure, zaka iya amfani da potassium sulfide (50 g da 1 m²) ko itace ash (1 tbsp. yayyafa da ɗauka da sauƙi a tono a kusa da daji);
• a cikin rabin na biyu na bazara, viburnum yana buƙatar phosphorus da potassium, saboda haka zaku iya ƙara takin ma'adinai mai rikitarwa (75 g) ko 50 g na phosphorus da 25 g na takin potash a 1 m²;
• kowace shekara 2, lokacin da aka tono ƙasa a kewayen viburnum, sai a fitar da taki (guga ƙarƙashin daji) ana kawo shi cikin da'irar akwati.

Mahimmanci! Bayan zubar da takin zamani na ma'adinai, dole ne a shayar da daji. Idan lokacin bazara ciyarwa ne m yanayin ruwa, to, ana bada shawarar takin mai magani a cikin ruwa.

Proper pruning viburnum

Viburnum tsire-tsire ne mai saurin girma. A cikin shekara, rassansa suna girma da 50 cm, don haka dole ne a yanke daji a shekara. An ba da shawarar yin wannan a farkon bazara kafin farkon kwararar ruwan, yana yin la'akari da waɗannan ƙa'idodin:

• tabbatar an cire bushe, lalacewa, tsofaffi (sama da shekaru 6) rassa;
• Ya kamata a cire wani ɓangare na rassan a tsakiyar kambi don tabbatar da ingantaccen haske, a kan abin da yawan amfanin ruwar ya dogara.

Pruning yana taimakawa shuka ba kawai yayi girma sosai ba kuma ya ba da 'ya'ya, amma kuma yana ba ka damar daidaita girman da girma na daji.

Ta amfani da ingantaccen girki, zaku iya ƙirƙirar ƙaramin itace daga kurmi na viburnum. A wannan yanayin, ana aiwatar da samuwar kewayen akwati na tsakiya, kuma an cire duk sassan rassan da tushen harbe. Lokacin da aka kafa koda ganga mai tsayi kusan 2 m, sai suka fara samar da kambi. Don yin wannan, tsunkule babban akwati domin ya fara reshe.

Kuna buƙatar sanin wasu fasaloli na pruning iri daban-daban na viburnum. Misali, idan ka girma viburnum Buldenezh, to don nan gaba mai yawa ta wani fure a farkon shekarar, ya zama dole don datse inflorescences. Wannan zai ba da damar shuka ya jagoranci rundunarsa zuwa tushen da ƙarfafawa. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ana bada shawara a datsa daji a bazara, wanda ya sa shuka ta samu lokacin sanya sabon fure na fure domin fure a shekara mai zuwa.

Yaduwa daga viburnum

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yaduwar viburnum: tsaba, rarrabe daji, amfani da itace, a tsaye da kwance kwance.

Tsarin iri

Ba a taɓa yin amfani da hanyar iri ba saboda dalilai masu zuwa:

• Wannan ingantaccen tsari ne wanda zai iya daukar fiye da shekaru 2;
• hanyar bata bada garantin kiyaye ire-iren halaye na shuka ba.

Irin zuriyar viburnum talakawa yayi lebur kuma yayi kama da zuciya

Amfanin irin wannan yaduwar shi ne iyawa da kuma mafi girman karɓuwa na ƙarshen ƙwayar seedlings zuwa yanayin girma na samarwa. Idan kun shuka iri a cikin bazara, to, seedlings zasu bayyana ne bayan shekara guda. To, kananan seedlings ya kamata overwinter, kuma kawai bayan haka za su shiga cikin zamani na aiki girma. Wannan tsari na iya saurin sa ta hanyar saurin daidaitawa:

1. An sanya tsaba a cikin wani wuri mai laima. Zai iya zama yashi, gansakuka ko fure. Kwantena yakamata a adana shi a zazzabi a daki. Bayan kimanin watanni 2, sai aka fara peran.
2. An sanya tsaba masu ƙwanƙwasa a kasan shiryayye daga cikin firiji kuma an ajiye su a nan har kusan wata daya. Watanni 3 na wucin gadi na maye gurbin shekarar lokacin da tsaba zasuyi girma a cikin vivo.
3. Sannan ana shuka iri a cikin kwandon cika da ƙasa mai gina jiki.
4. Idan a cikin bazara 'ya'yan seedlings suka sami ƙarfi, suka sami ƙarfi, nau'i-nau'i na ganye na ganye na gaske kan ci gaba akan su, to an bada shawara don dasa su a cikin gandun daji a cikin ƙasa buɗe. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a samar musu da ruwa na yau da kullun, kayan miya da tsari don hunturu.
   

   A cikin bude ƙasa, zaku iya dasa ciyayi mai ƙarfi wanda yake da nau'i biyu na ganye na gaskiya

5. Seedlingsarancin seedlingsan itacen da ba ya ragu a cikin tanki na dasa shuki, ajiye shi a waje. An ba da shawarar dasa sauran seedlings a cikin gandun daji a buɗe bayan shekara guda.
6. Bayan girma a cikin gandun daji, ana shuka tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi a wurare masu ɗorewa.

Viburnum tsaba suna halin talakawa germination: har zuwa 20% na shuka.

Sake bugun ta hanyar rarraba daji

Wannan hanya ita ce mafi karɓa a gaban babban daji na kyawawan halayen viburnum, waɗanda ke buƙatar juyawa zuwa sabon wuri. An raba daji da aka girka tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi zuwa sassa. Ana kula da wuraren da ake sare tushen da gawayi. Lokacin rarrabawa, tabbatar cewa a kowane bangare akwai akalla kodan lafiya guda 3. Kowane sashi ana shuka shi a cikin rami rami dabam, kamar a cikin dasa shuki. Propagate viburnum ta rarraba daji a cikin kaka da bazara.

Farfagandar ta yanke

Ana girbe yankan a tsakiyar bazara. A wannan lokacin, rassan viburnum suna da sauƙin musanya, basu karye ba. Lokacin yankan, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa kowane sandunansu yakai 10 cm tsayi kuma yana da aƙalla sau 3. A m yanke na stalk an sanya oblique, kore ganye an cire. Dasa kayan abu ne kyawawa don yin tsayayya da kowane irin ƙarfi.

Lokacin amfani da kowane tushen kara kuzari, dole ne a bi umarnin sosai, tunda yawan abin haɓaka yana da haɗari

Sannan gayen da aka girbe ana binne su da 2 cm a cikin cakuda ƙasa, wanda ya kunshi sassa daidai na yashi da peat. Don kyakkyawan tushe, 'yan itacen suna buƙatar zazzabi mai ƙima sosai (kimanin 30)^{game da}C), saboda haka ya fi kyau dasa su a cikin greenhouse. Ya kamata a shayar da yankan a kai a kai, kuma don hunturu ya zama dole a rufe shi da peat, sawdust ko foliage. A cikin bazara, za a iya dasa tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin lafiya a cikin wurin dindindin.

Yaduwa ta hanyar farawa

Za a iya yada Viburnum ta hanyar kwance da kuma kwance tsaye. Don kwance, kwance aka zaɓi reshe na uwa kusa da ƙasa, yanke saman sa, lanƙwasa ƙasa, an ɗaure shi da waya ko ƙugiya na katako kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa. A saman harbi an bar ba turɓaya.

A lokacin rani, layering zai ba da tushe, kuma matasa rassan za su bayyana daga buds. Zauren ya rabu da reshen mahaifa, an tono tare da dunƙule na ƙasa kuma aka dasa shi a cikin dindindin.

Abu ne mai sauki a yada viburnum tare da yadudduka a tsaye. Irin wannan haifuwar ta hada da wadannan matakai:

1. A cikin kaka, an yanke ƙananan ƙananan rassan daji na matasa na viburnum, suna barin aƙalla buds 4 a kansu.
2. Hubcing bushes.
3. A cikin bazara, harbe da ke fitowa daga cikin fure an sake rufe duniya.
4. Bayan harbe sun girma zuwa 25 cm, ana iya rabuwa da shuka daga uwar kuma a dasa a cikin sabon wuri.

Bidiyo: yaduwar viburnum ta hanyar farawa

Kwaro da Cututtuka

Cututtukan naman gwari da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ba su da tasiri sosai ga viburnum, amma suna iya haifar da matsaloli kamar asarar decorativeness, bushewar inflorescences da lalata 'ya'yan itacen. Yana da mahimmanci a gano kuma a dauki matakan kula da shuka a cikin lokaci.

Tebur: Cutar Viburnum

Hoton hoto: alamun cututtukan viburnum

Insectswari mai cutarwa yakan kusan kai hari viburnum kuma yana haifar da haɗari gareshi. Dankin ya rasa tasirinsa na ado, furanni da kayan amfanin gona na iya mutuwa gaba daya. Kula da lokaci na bushes tare da mahaɗan da suka dace zai kare shuka daga kwari.

Tebur: kwari Viburnum

A duk tsawon shekarun haifuwa, ƙwaro irin ƙwaro da ke '' bournum leaf '' na iya lalata gandun daji gaba ɗaya saboda babu fitina a ciki ko kaɗan.

Bidiyo: madaidaiciyar dacewa da kulawa don viburnum

Viburnum daji shine asalin mazaunin kowane shinge na lambu. Zai yi farin ciki da kai da baƙi koyaushe tare da ado, unpreentiousness, amfani da asali.