Idan ya zo lokacin da za a rufe hanyoyin, galibi a wuraren da ke kewayen birni suna yin amfani da paving slabs. Yana da kyau fiye da kima ko daskararru, kuma ba shi da ƙarfi a gare su. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce a yi hayar masu sana'a waɗanda suka mallaki fasahar salo, amma idan babu wata hanyar biyan kusan 10 cu kowace murabba'i, to, zaku iya yin jinkiri don lokacin hutu azaman skid kuma ku sanya kanku. Babban abu shine lura da fasaha, wanda ba shi da rikitarwa, nemo kayan aikin da ake buƙata kuma yanke shawara akan "matashin kai" wanda zaku sanya kayan karewa. Ana iya ƙirƙirar shi daga cakuda-ciminti, tsakuwa da kankare. Yi la'akari da abin da ya kamata a ɗora sandar slabs a kan ginin ƙasa da kuma abubuwan da yakamata a yi la'akari da su yayin shigarwa da aiki.
Tushen kwanciyar hankali ginin ƙasa ne an zuba shi kuma an sanyaya shi a ƙasa wanda akan sa dutsen slabs. Wannan hanyar tana samar da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi fiye da matattarar yashi-ciminti, saboda haka ana amfani dashi a wuraren da kayan aiki masu nauyi ko yawan zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga zasuyi matsi akan tayal. Bugu da kari, yana da sauƙin daidaita dukkan fale-falen fale-falen buraka a ƙarƙashin matakin guda ɗaya idan kasan ba cakuda mai motsawa ba ce, amma tushe ne mai ƙarfi. Hakan ba zai lalace ba yayin ayyukan hardening, ba za a sami kasawa da sauran matsalolin da suka danganta da rashin ingancin ingancinsu ba. Don haka, masu ba su da ƙwarewar gini, amma waɗanda suke yanke shawara don yin waƙoƙi da kansu, ta wannan hanyar, kwanciya zai sauƙaƙa jigilar murfin a cikin jirgin sama ɗaya.
Tushen kankare don ɗaukar hoto yana samar da ƙarin ƙarfin shafin, amma yafi wuya a ƙirƙira shi sama da fale fale-falen buraka a kan cakuda yashi.
Kuma duk da haka, yin amfani da shimfidar wurare a kan kankare ana amfani dashi ne ba sau ɗaya ba, saboda wannan fasaha tana da abubuwan da take da nasaba da cire danshi daga farfajiyar tayal. A cikin hanyar yashi-ciminti na al'ada, hazo ya fita ta cikin tushe mai ɓoye cikin ƙasa kuma baya haifar da lahani ga murfin. Idan an zubar da kankare, to ruwan da yake toka a ƙarƙashin duwatsun ba zai iya zurfafa ba, tunda tushen monolithic kawai bazai bari ya ƙare ba. Sakamakon haka, yana makale tsakanin gindi da tile, a cikin ribar-tile, kuma da zaran ƙanƙanin sanyi ya afka, sai ya fara faɗaɗawa, yana tura murfin sama. Sakamakon wannan, sautunan dutse na iya yin yaduwa a wasu wurare, tsage tare gefuna, da dai sauransu.
Sabili da haka, lokacin da ake shimfida tushe na yau da kullun, ana ba da kulawa ta musamman ga zubar da ruwa: ƙirƙirar masu mulki, masu karɓar danshi, sanya duwatsun dutse tare da gangara a wani fannin, da dai sauransu.
Idan duk abin da aka shirya daidai, to, hanyoyin da aka kirkira za su dawwama sosai fiye da kan matashin kai da yashi. Zaku iya shimfida mafi girman tsarin tunanin fantasy tare da cikakkiyar fassarar sararin samaniya.
Shiri wurin don aikin ginin
Mataki na farko shine rushe shafin da za'a zage shi: suna tuka tuwo a kwarya kuma suna sanya abin da ake kira alamun ja. Tare da wannan kalma, magina suna tsara zaren da aka shimfiɗa wanda ke baiyana iyakokin tsawon tsayuwar shafin ku. Suna ɗaukar igiya na yau da kullun, suna ɗaure shi zuwa turaku a tsayi inda tayal zai ƙare. Kar a manta sanya ramin zaren a digiri 5 zuwa wurin da ake bukatar ruwa a gaba.
Ko da lokacin da ake shimfida hanyoyi masu kunkuntar, har yanzu alamura masu ja an saita su don samun gefen fili, daidaitaccen kwance da kuma kusurwar da ta dace don magudanan ruwa
Bayan haka, bincika nawa santimita na sarari kyauta daga zaren zuwa ƙasa. Idan kasa da talatin - cire duk abin da ba dole ba tare da felu kuma kwashe su a kan hanyar kwali, don kada su tsoma baki. Rtarancin da za'a iya zubar da shi kai tsaye a gonar ko a wuraren da ake shirya gadaje fure.
Ya kamata a ƙarfafa gefen ƙasan da aka gama amfani da shi a cikin ƙasa tun da kan iyakoki. Wasu masters suna sanya murfin bayan an rufe su, amma a wannan yanayin zai zama dole don kare gefen shafin daga ƙasa mai fashewa, i.e. don sanya tsari. Don haka, ga masu gina gadar da ba su da kwarewa, zaɓi na farko ya fi kyau.
Idan ka shigar da hanzari nan da nan, to lallai ba lallai ne ka ɓata lokaci ba don ƙirƙirar aikin, sannan kuma ka rusa shi, da kankare zai mamaye wurin ba tare da fasa
Idan ana amfani da kan iyaka, tsayinsa mai girman 50 cm, to:
- tono maɓuɓɓugar wani yanki mai zurfin 30 cm;
- yi barci tare da wani yanki na duwatsun dutse (kimanin 10 cm);
- sanya turmi mai ciminti (aƙalla 1.5 cm);
- An sanya wani abin rufe baki da shi domin saman gefen bayan sanya shi ya zama 2-3 cm ƙananan fiye da gefen murfin. Wannan ya zama dole don hana bakin ruwa rike wani ruwa a wurin, amma yana taimakawa wajen karkatar da shi.
A ƙaramin tsinkaye na tsare, zurfin maɓuɓɓugan an rage su saboda haka.
Tsarin tsarewa ya kamata ya zama ya zama ƙasa da ƙasa na farfajiya, don samar da hazo tare da saurin fashewa daga shafin da kuma hana danshi daga danshi
The fasaha aiwatar da zuba kankare
Wata rana bayan cunkoso Idan ka ƙirƙiri wani dandali wanda kayan aikin zai hau, musamman girma-manyan, dole ne a ƙarfafa harsashin kankare. A saboda wannan, kayan aiki (ba fiye da dozin mai kauri ba) sun dace, waɗanda aka saƙa da girman raga na 15-20 cm. Idan waƙoƙin na musamman masu tafiya ne, to ba lallai ba ne su ƙarfafa.
Yana da kyau a zuba kwandon shara a kan yashi, wanda zai kasance ƙarin magudanar ruwa don fitar da danshi kuma ya ba shi damar shiga cikin ƙasa da sauri
Don danshi wanda ya samu ta hanyar yin shinge don kankare yaduwa, maimakon tsayawa a ciki, kirkirar ramuka na musamman. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da bututun asbestos, yankan shi guntu, tsayi na 15-20 cm (tsayi ya kamata ya zo daidai da tsawo daga cikin kwanon kankare, wanda kuka cika). Yankunan asbestos an shimfiɗa su ko'ina cikin yankin tare da tsammanin ɗaya ta kowace sq.m. Bayan saukar da kankare, ba a cire su ba. Kuna iya ƙirƙirar ramuka daga katako a cikin nau'i na murabba'ai, amma bayan kwanon ya sanyaya, dole ne a cire itacen.
Yanzu muna shirya madaidaiciyar kankare ta amfani da matakin ciminti 150-200. Cika shi da yanki na 15 cm - idan babu ƙarfafa, 20 cm - idan an dage ƙarfafa. Idan an zubar da babban yanki, to kowane mita uku yana da buqatar ƙirƙirar abin da ake kira ɗakin zazzabi. Ana buƙatar hana fashewar tushe a cikin hunturu. A dinka ne mafi sauki a yi ta latsa allon a cikin kankare tare da gefen rabin santimita lokacin farin ciki. Bayan manne, an cire su, kuma voids suna cike da fil na roba. Sama saman din ɗin an rufe shi da kankare don daidai tare da ragowar farfajiya.
Bayan kwana ɗaya, ana ɗaukar kayan aikin katako daga cikin ramuka na magudanar kuma an cika su da ruwa tare da gefen kankare tare da karamin tsakuwa.
Irƙirar matattarar yashi
Tsarin aiki anan shine:
- Ku yi tsalle cikin yashi, ku cakuda shi da ciminti 6: 1 (mafi sauƙi a cikin mahaɗa na kankare);
- Mun cika wurin da wani yanki mai tsini zuwa 10 cm (yin la'akari da kauri daga duwatsun da ke kwance), i.e. Kauri matashi + kafinta tayal yakamata yafita da alamar jan ta kimanin 2 cm (ƙyallen keɓaɓɓe).
- Muna takama da farantin motsa jiki ko kuma toptuha (gungume wanda akan ƙusar da katako daga sama, sandar rike itace daga sama).
- Bincika tashin hankali na alamun ja don a sami gangara. Af, tuna cewa turaku ne mafi alh tori a saka more sau da yawa, saboda ko da sosai m zaren bada ba da sag of 1 mm a kowace mita.
- Mun sanya katako a shafin (bututu tare da diamita na 20 mm). Dole ne a matse su da matattakala da matashin kai domin daga yadin zuwa gidan wuta akwai nisan da ta yi daidai da kauri daga tayal + 1 cm a kan hatimi. Nisa tsakanin tashoshin da ke ƙasa da tsawon lokacin mulkinka.
- Daga nan sai mu dauki doka kuma a daure, mu mai da hankali kan lamuran katako, matattarar yashi-ciminti don samun daidaitaccen yanki.
- Mun fitar da fitilun farko, inda kuka fara sanya fale-falen lelen (ba za ku iya matse kan matashin kai ba!), Cika da firam ɗin tare da cakuda guda kuma fara fara fale-falen fale-falen ɗakuna.
Ga yadda yake duka:
Idan an ƙirƙiri shafin mai girma, yana da sauƙin haɗa yashi da siminti a cikin mahaɗar kankare, sannan kuma jigilar cakuda da ya ƙare zuwa gwal
A kan hanyoyin kunkuntar, dokar na iya zama katako mai fasali wanda aka yanke gefunan, kuma kamar yadda bekons - gefunan iyakar da aka shigar
Lokacin kwanciya, daɗaɗƙen fale-falen leshen dole ne a tsara su, don haka nemo ƙarar a gaba kuma saita ƙwallon lu'u-lu'u don yin daidai ko da yanke
Kwanciya dabaru: yadda za a yi ba tare da farantin girgiza ba?
Idan kun gama duk matakan da suka gabata a cikin kyakkyawan imani, to sanya saitin duwatsun zai zama da sauki. Fale-falen fale-falen ba su dage ƙarshen-zuwa-ƙarshe ba, amma tare da ɗamarar kusan 5 mm. Ba za su ƙyale fale-falen buraka lokacin da murfin zai “yi tafiya” daga matuƙar zafin jiki da danshi ba.
Wasu masu sun fara sanya fale-falen fale-falen daga gefen shafin da ake gani, saboda dukkan jujjuyawan da suka dace sun kasance a wuraren da ba su iya ganin idanu
Fara kwanciya daga tsare. Yawancin lokaci suna tafiya tare da alamomi daga sama zuwa ƙasa, a cikin shugabanci inda ruwa zai gudana.
Tooƙarin barin ko da ɗamara tsakanin fale-falen buraka, aƙalla 5 mm, wanda ya sa murfin ya yi kama da juna, kuma a lokacin hunturu, lokacin da fale-falen fale-falen buraka, ba sa matse juna.
Mataki saman kowane tile ta hanyar bugawa tare da dunƙule (mallet roba) da kuma duba matakin kwance. A nan gaba, kuna buƙatar latsa duka farfajiyar tare da farantin girgiza don ɗakunan fale-falen buraka su zauna daidai da zaren da aka shimfiɗa, amma idan ba a wurin ba, to nan da nan kuyi amfani da babban datti na katako lokacin kwanciya. An shimfiɗa ɗakin kwana a fale-falen fale da yawa kuma an doke tare da zalin zuwa tsawo da ake so.
Za a iya cika haɗarin haɗuwa tare da cakuda guda ɗaya daga abin da kuka ƙirƙira matashin kai, ko da yashi mai kyau. Zaɓin farko yana ƙirƙirar murfin monolithic, wanda ke wuce danshi ƙasa a ciki. Bugu da kari, ciyawa da gansakuka ba sa fita karawa sau da yawa a cikin filayen. Amma idan kuna yin kira irin wannan tayal a cikin hunturu tare da manyan motoci, to, kullun da gefukan tayal ɗin za su iya karyewa, tunda babu ƙarfen zafi. Duk wani abu, gami da buɗa dutse, ya faɗaɗa a yanayin zafi. Kuma babu wani bayani game da wannan fadada. Akwai matsanancin matsin lamba a cikin gidajen abinci, kuma idan a wannan lokacin wani abu mai nauyi ya ratsa murfin, kwanon zai iya yin tsayayya da kaya.
Wuraren da aka rufe da yashi, daidai adana amincin murfin, amma ta wurin su abubuwan kwalliya nan da nan za su faɗi ƙarƙashin tayal. Don haka dole ne a fitar da ruwan a matakin qarshe.
Da farko, yashi ko cakuda yashi ya watsu ko'ina, sannan a hankali a hankali a hankali cikin matsewar tayal
Don cika gidajen abinci tare da cakuda ko yashi ta amfani da tsintsiyar gida na yau da kullun. Abun da ke ciki ya warwatse a kan rufin murfin a hankali yana share shi cikin seams ɗin, kuma an cire kayan wuce haddi.
Shafin yana shirye. Yana da kyau kada kuyi tafiya a kai har tsawon kwana uku, saboda matashin yana ciyar da danshi daga ƙasa ya taurare. Zai fi kyau a saka wani kwamiti ko plywood, don kada a motsa gefan fale-falen fale-falen buraka ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga jiki.
