Jonagold - irin "jariri" irin na Jonathan da Golden Delicious, da suka girma a Amirka.
Daga gare su kuma sun ɗauki sunan haɗe.
Yanzu sanannu fiye da 100 clones Jonagold. Su ne bambanta a canza launin kuma quite a bit of dandano.
Amma, yana magana daidai da na farko iri-iri, bari mu bincika yadda za a dasa shi, kula da shi kuma abin da wannan iri-iri apples so janye lambu da masu samar. Irin itatuwan Apple iri-iri Jonagold, cikakken bayaninsa da hoto - a cikin labarin.
Wane irin ne?
Jonagold itace itace hunturu iri-iri
Yawancin nau'in nau'i nau'in ya fara zama sananne ga dandano, matsayi mai ma'ana da tsayin daka na apple.
Dzhonagold apples suna da calori abun ciki na 45 kcal.
Girbi jonagold a ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba.
An adana apples har zuwa Fabrairu a cikin firiji - har zuwa Afrilu.
Saurin hunturu sun hada da Amazing, Covenant, alama, A cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Michurin da Antonovka talakawa.
Ruwan jini
Wannan ita ce mafi muhimmanci sashe wanda ba za'a iya kauce masa ba. Jonagold - apple iri-iri triploid. An yi la'akari da itatuwan Apple na wannan nau'in badin pollinators. Wato, ba za su iya gurbata kansu ba, kuma zasu taimaki wasu a cikin wannan. Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa dasa shuki Jonagold ya kasance kusa da 2-3 bishiyoyin bishiyoyi na mai kyau pollinator iri-iri.
BABI NA BIYU: Masu binciken kirki na Jonagold sune Idared, Alkmene, Gloucester, Melrose, Spartan, Champion da Elstar.
Bisa ga wannan doka na dasa shuki apples za, kamar yadda suka ce, a cikin girma.
Bayanai masu rarraba Jonagold
Yanzu la'akari da bayyanar itace da 'ya'yan itace.
Jonagold Apple Jrees manyan girma da sauri.
Hanya tsakanin rassan da gangar jikin yana da girma.
Sapling yana da m Oval kambi, da kuma lokacin da ake yin amfani da 'ya'yan itace - zagaye, mai launi, tare da rassan da ke ratayewa.
A kan su - 'ya'yan itatuwa kore-yellowish, an rufe su da haske orange-ja blush a cikin wani lokacin farin ciki tsiri.
Abu daya apple yana kimanin kimanin 180-250. 'Ya'yan itace suna zagaye, dan kadan daga sama, mai laushi har ma.
Za a iya rufe shi da musa. Naman yana da launi mai haske, farin ciki da rubutu da ƙanshi mai ƙanshiabin da nau'i-nau'i iri ga iyayensa.
Jonagold apples suna da launi mai kyau, ka tabbata ka dubi hotuna a sashe na gaba. Wadannan irin itatuwan apple suna iya yin fariya mai girma: Orlovsky majalisa, Aromatny, Screen, Early Red and Southern.
Hotuna
Tarihin kiwo
Iri iri iri a cikin jihohin America a 1943. Sa'an nan kuma an keta iri iri na Jonatan da Golden Delicious.
Daga gare su Jonagold samu haske launi da kuma m dandano mai dadi. Girbi ya bar alamarta a kan abubuwan da suka dace na apple ɗin wannan nau'in, wanda za mu ce daban.
Yankin ci gaban halitta
Da iri-iri ba ya jure wa tsintsar rana, saboda haka ba dace da girma a yanayin sanyi tare da tsananin sanyi.
Jonagold - Apple Tree rashin damuwa, jin dadi a cikin yanayi mai dadi da dumi, inda yake da tushe sosai kuma yana kawo yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Har ila yau, don dasa shuki a yankuna tare da yanayin yanayi, wadannan iri sun dace: Augustus, Papirovka, Malinovka, Yandykovsky da Quinti.
Yawo
An fara itace Apple kai 'ya'yan itace a shekaru 2-3. Har zuwa farkon shekaru goma na girbi averages 10-15 kilo a kowace shekarakuma da shekaru goma sha biyu ya kai kilo 40-55 kowace shekara.
Gaba ɗaya, wannan high yawan amfanin ƙasa. A 'ya'yan itatuwa suna girbe a watan Satumba, lokacin da suke samun ruwan hoda. Ana samun cikakken fasalin lokacin ajiya.
Ta hanyar, kina buƙatar adana apples daidai idan kana so ka ji dadin 'ya'yan sabo ne ko da a cikin hunturu. Bayan girbi, nan da nan kwantar da komai a firiji ko ginshiki. Kunna kowane apple a takarda.
Sanya apples a cikin tsabta, bushe, akwati mai guba, kamar akwatin katako ko kwandon filastik.
Saboda haka, ana adana amfanin gona a cikin ginshiki. Wani lokacin apples ana rufe da kakin zuma don kare kariya.
Dasa da kulawa
Kuma yanzu mun lura da dokokin saukowa Jonagold.
Za ku iya dasa itatuwan apple spring ko kaka kafin sanyi.
Ƙasa ya zama sako-sako da kuma m.
Alal misali, daidai da na dankali.
Jonagold yana son rana sosai.
Muhimmiyar: Dole ne filin budewa dole ya bude, ba tare da wani shinge ga hasken rana ba.
Kula da ka'idojin dasa, za ku yi hanzari da daidaitaccen itacen zuwa ƙasa.
Bi mafi sauki algorithm:
- Kafin dasa shuki, tono rami tare da diamita na mita 1 da zurfin 70 cm Ƙasa ya kamata a kwashe zuwa 20-25 cm.
- Zuwa ƙasa mai kyau tare da takin mai magani ma'adinai a rabin rawanin rami.
- Saita seedling domin shafin grafting yana da 5-8 cm sama da ƙasa matakin.
- Nada tsarin tushen kuma rufe shi da ƙasa mai kyau.
- Toma kasar gona kuma ku zuba ruwa cikin adadin 30-50 lita. A nan gaba, ruwa ya ba da ruwa ga bishiya kuma ya lura da wasu muhimman kayan aikin kulawa.
Don yawan amfanin ƙasa mafi girma, tuna da wadannan:
- Samar da Jonagold ya kamata ya kasance kusa da mai kyau pollinators;
- Cure apple karin kwari (an lakafta su a sashe na gaba);
- Bugu da kari: ruwa da bishiyoyi sun damu;
- Yi pruning a kowace shekara a watan Maris-Afrilu.
Muhimmiyar: Tsarin bishiyoyi ba su da daraja - suna iya yin marigayi tare da fruiting. A lokacin da aka yanke wani reshe tare da diamita fiye da 1 cm, sare da yanke tare da farar lambun tare da heteroauxin. Yanke rassan mafi kyau don ƙona a waje da gonar domin kwari ba su yada ba. Kada kayi amfani da mai launi!
Cututtuka da kwari
Kulawa mai kulawa shine tsari da kuma kula da cutar.
Bugu da} ari, yana da daraja a kula da wa] annan matsaloli kamar yadda scab, ciwon daji, monilial ƙone. Sanin wannan, ka yi tunanin gaba game da siyan sayan daji don karewa daga cututtuka.
Amma ga kwari, moths, moths, saplings fruit, da silkorms da haws, mafi yawancin barazana da apple itatuwa. Ɗauki matakan m, wanda muka bayyana dalla-dalla a cikin wasu sharuɗɗa.
Wadannan dokoki suna da sauƙi a bi, amma zasu taimaka maka ka cimma matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Jonagold apples suna da kyau ga sufuri da kuma dogon ajiya.
Lokacin da kuka tattara su a watan Satumba, za ku iya ajiye su a cikin firiji - to, ku iya jin dadin 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke har zuwa watan Maris na gaba shekara ta gaba.
Amma ya fi kyau a ci apples sabo ne kafin hunturu, lokacin da suke har yanzu cike da bitamin.
Don sayarwa sun zo a watan Janairu. Apples na wannan iri-iri yi dadi compotes, juices da mashed dankali.
Dubi bidiyo tare da shawarwari waɗanda za su taimaka wajen zabar seedlings a lokacin da sayen da bayani game da hannun jari.
