Bako daga Amurka ko Blueberry

Abun furanni na iya girma a cikin gonar nasu. Misali, Blucrop iri-iri - busassun bushes tare da yawancin berries. Wannan labarin zai faɗi game da ire-iren kansa da kuma game da sifofin da aka shuka.

Tarihin asalin nau'ikan Blucrop

Tun a shekarar 1908, Frederick Vernon Covill ke ta yin amfani da shuwagabannin furannin daji a cikin New Jersey USA don daukar samammen. Yana shirin fara aiki akan zabin wannan shuka. Elizabeth White ta sami labarin aikinta. A cikin 1910, ta tallafa wa masanin kimiyya kuma ta ba da gonarta, inda ta girma cranberries, a matsayin filin horo. Tun daga 1911, Dr. Covill da Mrs. White suna aiki tuƙuru a kan zaɓi na nau'ikan nau'ikan blueberry. Ayyukan sun kasance masu nasara tare da nasara - an sarrafa nau'ikan 15 don yin bred da gwajin. A cikin 1915-1916, a tsakanin wasu, dogayen launuka masu launin shuɗi Bumbarar fata sun bayyana.

Blekrop ya zo yankin ƙasar USSR a tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Ya shahara sosai a Rasha, Ukraine da Belarus. Ya bambanta da sauran tsayi iri ta hanyar yawan fruiting da manyan berries.

Berry yayi nasarar daidaita yanayin yanayi daban-daban ba tare da rasa babban juriya ga cututtuka ba. Mafi ƙarancin kula da acidity na ƙasa da kuma kayan miya, Blucrop ya zama sanannen tsakanin lambu mai son da kuma gonaki na kasuwanci.

Bayanin sa

Tsarin ya kai mita biyu a tsayi.

Ganyen launin shudi masu launuka iri daban-daban suna cike da duhu duhu a launi, masu kamannin juna. Ganyayyaki yana ba da bushes ƙirar ado, musamman ma a cikin kaka.

A daji na bukatar pruning na yau da kullun, rashi wanda ke haifar da raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Dankin ya fara bada 'ya'ya a cikin shekaru 3-4. A berries duhu shuɗi, dan kadan flattened, manyan, suna da fure Bloom na haske shuɗi. Iya kai 1.7-2 cm a diamita. Weight - kimanin 2 g.

Canza launi, da siket da daddawar berries da ganyayyaki suna nuna cewa tsiron ba shi da kyau. Wasu canje-canje alama ce ta cuta.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a rataye a kan gungu, fari a cikin watan Agusta. Waɗannan ranakun nitsuwa suna da inganci ga ƙasar Turai ta Rasha. A cikin yankuna banda shi dangane da yanayin, ana iya canza kwanan wata.

Bushes strewn tare da berries - tabbataccen amfanin Blueberry Blueberry

Fa'idodi iri iri sun hada da:

• babban yawan aiki (6-9 kilogiram a kowane daji);
• sanyi juriya (har zuwa -34ºС);
• cuta juriya.

Misalai:

• hauhawar gaggawa na bushes tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa;
• tsawan lokacin fruiting, rikita batun sayar da berries a cikin mafi yawan.

Bidiyo: Bidiyon Kwaya da Inuwa

Fasahar aikin gona

Yawan amfanin ƙasa na blueberries ya dogara ne akan amincin zaɓin dasa shuki.

Don tsirrai na wannan iri-iri, haske yana da mahimmanci. A cikin inuwa m, shuka zai iya girma, amma ba zai samar da amfanin gona mai yawa ba. Kusa da ciyawar da aka shuka, dole ne a cire babban ciyayi wanda ya rufe su. Seedlingsaukar da kansu zasu iya fara ɓoye junan su yayin da suke girma. Yawanci saurin saukowa shine 2.5 m by 1.5 m.

Shouldasar ta zama mai acidic (pH = 3.5-5.0). Idan ƙasa a kan shafin ba isasshen acidic, zaɓi yankin rana tare da abin da ya faru da ruwa, bi da shi da malic acid ko wani wakilin oxidizing.

Mita pH don ƙasa, wanda za'a iya siyanta akan farashi mai araha, zai taimaka tare da gwargwadon acidity.

A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, 'yan ruwan fure suna girma a cikin ciyawa, don haka lokacin da ake dasa shuki, yakamata a yi la’akari da matakin faruwar ruwan karkashin kasa. Ga nau'ikan Blucrop, kusancin abin da ya faru na ruwan karkashin kasa zuwa farfajiya (kusan 60 cm) yana da kyau sosai. Idan ba za a iya tsayar da wannan yanayin ba, za a buƙaci shukar ciyawa mafi ruwa, musamman a lokacin zafi. A Berry bai yi haƙuri danshi stagnation.

Kwayabawan fure zasu girma sosai a maimakon tsire-tsire waɗanda ke buƙatar miya lemun tsami. Misali, strawberries, karas, tafarnuwa da sauransu.

Fasali

Lokacin sayen a cikin shago, ya fi dacewa a zaɓi choosean shekaru biyu ko uku da ke ƙaruwa tare da haɓaka zuwa 30-35 cm, tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen.

An ba da shawarar dasa shuki blueberries a cikin bazara a zazzabi na 17 ° C, amma an yarda da dasa shuki a watan Satumba, wanda ya sa shuka ya samo tushe kafin sanyi na farko.

Tsarin shuka:

1. Tono rami 50 cm faɗin faɗin da rabin m zurfin.
2. A kasan, cika magudanan ruwa ta hanyar karamin tsakuwa ko tubalin da ya karye.
3. Yi ƙasa musanya: cakuda acid peat, chernozem da yashi. Idan ƙasa tana da isasshiyar oxidized, za a iya ƙara sulfur da allura.
4. Zuba wani sashi na kwandon shara akan magudanar ruwa.
5. Cire seedling daga cikin akwati tare da dunƙule na ƙasa kuma, daidaita Tushen, runtse shi cikin rami.
6. Theara sauran ragowar ƙasa domin ƙasa ta rufe kara ta 3 cm.
7. Kammala dasa ta mulching kasar gona da bishiyar ciyawa.

Abin sha na farko zai fi kyau tare da cakuda ruwa da vinegar (na lita 10 na ruwa 100 g da sukari). Nan da nan bayan dasa, ya zama dole don ciyar da blueberries tare da takaddun takaddun sau biyu.

An saukar da seedling a cikin rami, kiyaye tushen ƙasan ƙasa

Kulawa

Kwayayen fure ba su cikin tsire-tsire masu moody, saboda haka kula da ita abu ne mai sauki. Shrubs bukata:

• Regular ruwa na yau da kullun. Yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa tsarin ruwa, guje wa tururuwar ruwa a tushen da bushewa daga ƙasa.
• Bishiyoyi masu shuka. A kewaye da kananan tsire-tsire, ana cire ciyawa akai-akai, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar shukar.
• Yana neman kasar gona. An kwance ƙasa zuwa zurfin da bai wuce 10 cm ba, tun da tushen blueberries 20 cm ne daga farfajiya.
• Bugu da kari kari na ciyawa. Soilasa da ke kewaye da akwati an mulched tare da cakuda mai ɗauke da allura, peat ko sawdust.
• Autar pruning. Shekarun farko na farko suna yanke ƙananan harbe don hanzarta haɓaka. Shekaru 4, sun fara gudanar da aikin tsabtace tsabtace, in ba haka ba berries zasu fara girma karami kuma suna iya lalacewa gaba daya.
• Aikace-aikacen taki. A farkon bazara, ana ciyar da ciyawa tare da shirye-shiryen hadaddun takin don Heather.

Mulching ruwan 'ya'yan itace tare da sawun ya tabbatar da riƙe daɗin danshi a cikin ƙasa

Cutar

A mafi yawan cututtuka da na kowa:

• Kwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na da haɗari sosai ga matasa tsintsaye, saboda yana jinkirin samar da ruwa da abinci mai gina jiki. Cutar ta taso ne daga yawan amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen. Ayyukan girma da fruiting suna raguwa, ana rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ana iya ganin alamun cutar tare da samuwar manyan ciwace-ciwace a wuyan tushe. Dole ne a cire daji da ya kamu da cutar.
• Grey rot yadawo a babban zafi da zafin jiki na iska. Ana shafar mai tushe da ganyayyaki, amma berries suna shan wahala sosai. Da farko, ɗigon rawaya yana bayyana, wanda yake girma cikin sauri da 'ya'yan itatuwa lalata, yana rufe da launin toka mai kauri. Tushen launin toka ya watsu cikin dukkan tsirrai. Don kare kai daga cutar, ana amfani da magunguna: Euparen, Signum, Tersel, Switch, Rovral, Topsin, Polyversum.
• Powdery mildew yana tasowa a bushe, yanayin zafi tare da zafi mai zafi da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi. Cutar ta shafi ganye, harbe da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Rassan shuka suna bushewa, sabili da haka daji ya raunana kuma zafin ta na hunturu ya ragu. Don kariya, kwayoyi suna da tasiri: bayani na maganin tagulla (3-5%), Sulfaride, Topaz, Bayleton.

Gaban Hoto na hoto: Cutar Gurasar Blueberry

Kiwo

Hanyoyi biyu na yaduwar ruwan 'ya'yan itace shudi sun shahara:

1. Maimaitawa. A cikin bazara mun zaɓi ɗan fari akan daji, a hankali tanƙa shi zuwa ƙasa, ya kunshi peat da yashi, yayyafa ko rufe da fim. A cikin kaka, layering zai riga ya ba da tushen, kuma a cikin bazara zai yiwu a rarrabe babban tsiro da kuma tsiron da ya tsiro.
2. Yankan. A cikin kaka, muna yanke harbe-girke na wani tsiro a cikin danshi wanda tuni ƙanshin ya ƙage. Muna karkatar da rassan kuma muna adana su a cikin wuri mai sanyi har sai lokacin bazara. A ƙarshen Maris, yanke harbe a cikin yanke 20-25 cm tsayi da wuri a cikin kwandon shara tare da cakuda (cakuda peat da yashi), a rufe tare da hula ko saka a cikin gidan kore. Ruwa a kai a kai. Canza furannin furanni a cikin furannin furanni a ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da seedlings suke samar da tushen saiti.

Don haɓaka mai nasara, shuwagabann matasa masu girma da aka girma daga tsaba suna buƙatar samun bakin ciki.

Lamburan ra'ayoyi

Sannu kowa da kowa! Na yi girma girma blueberries shekaru 10 yanzu. Blucrop ya saya a nune-nunen kayan lambu a cikin shekaru uku, mai siyarwar ya ce shuwatsun shudi ta fara bada fruitan itace a shekara ta shida ta rayuwa. Kuma haka ya faru. Fruan fari na ƙarami ne, kuma yanzu ya kasance mai yawan gaske, ina murna sosai! Aukan furanni suna girma a kan ƙasa mai acidic kuma ni ma na ɗora ƙuraje a kusa da su - sphagnum maimakon ciyawa, don haka yana cikin gandun daji.

Julia

//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=48&t=442&start=20

Ina da iri daban-daban na girma (ko tsira). Na uku bazara zai kasance. Da karfi baya girma. Daga cikin Brusvyana da aka fara daga cm 20 Wataƙila ban yin komai daidai. Lokacin da aka dasa shi, ya zama mara nauyi sosai game da matakin ƙasa. A kan shawarar masu girke-girke na gida, sai kawai na kara cakuda. Ban lura cewa tana fama da zazzaɓi ba.

Tatyana

//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=13377

Bluecrop yarinya ce mai hankali kuma na fi so. Bai haifar da shi ba, shi da kansa ya girma tare da fifikon girma fiye da sauran. Kuma, ko da yake a gare ni cewa a kan ƙananan rassan an fi samun karin berries da aka saƙa, sauran nau'in har yanzu suna yanke su a cikin kaka, saboda ba shi da dacewa don kula da bushes, kuma a ƙarƙashin nauyin berries an yanke rassan a kan ciyawa.

Anna

//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=13377

Blueberry Bluecrop ya isa Rasha daga jihar New Jersey kuma mun sami nasarar saba da ita saboda tsananin sanyi na sanyi. Lambu suna ƙaunar wannan nau'in don yawan amfanin ƙasa. Tabbas, wannan shuka yana buƙatar ƙasa mai ban mamaki da kulawa ta musamman. Amma bulog na dadi da manyan berries sun cancanci ƙoƙari.