Cherry ta zama wani ɓangare na haɗin kai na cikakken, kyakkyawa da kuma kyakkyawan lambu. Wannan bishiyar da gaske ya cancanci kulawa sosai, tunda 'ya'yan itaciya suna ba mu da yawa:' ya'yan itaciyar mai daɗin ci, furanni don pollinators, ganyayyaki don shayi mai ƙanshi, akwai ɗumbin bitamin, enzymes da amino acid a cikinsu da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa. Bugu da kari, yanzu akwai nau'ikan da yawa: ga kowane dandano, launi da labarin kasa. Lodea'idodin molodezhnaya ɗayan sune mafi yawan gama gari, ana bincika su da mahimmanci a cikin wuraren gandun daji, an yi magana game da su a cikin taro. Bari mu san wane nau'in iri ne!
Bayanin nau'ikan cherries Matasa
Riesa'idodi na Molodezhnaya iri-iri ne a ƙarshen tsufa. Mahimman fasaloli sune: takin kai (i.e., wannan ire-iren baya buƙatar ƙarin nau'in pollinating), matsanancin hunturu (galibi yana tsayayya da daskararru a yankin na Tsakiya).
Cherry ta fara bada 'ya'ya bayan kimanin shekaru 3-4 bayan dasa shuki na shekaru 1
Cherry wannan nau'ikan iri-iri ne na duniya, ba mai sauri bane, amma yana ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace kowace shekara fara daga shekaru 3.
An sanya rajistar matasa a cikin rajista na jihar tun daga 1993. Amma a cikin gwaje-gwaje iri-iri, an jera shi tun 1978. Wannan yana nuna cikakken zaɓi mai inganci yayin zaɓin, kuma, an yi sa'a, an tabbatar da sakamakon ta hanyar masana lambu.
Halin halayyar Tree
Dukkanin Kwalejin Ilimin Noma da Noma na Duk-Rasha ya shahara saboda aikinta, gogaggen mai shayarwa ya haifi dubunnan kyawawan launuka. Tunda "iyayen" na Molodezhnaya sune cherubskaya da Vladimirskaya, ya sami kyawawan halaye. Da dadewa-kafa iri-iri na Vladimir Cherry ya ba 'ya mace iri-iri da daji-kamar siffar, wato, dangi guntu jiki.
Kimanin matsakaicin matsakaicin tsinken tsiron ya kai mita 2. Tsammani rayuwa na ryan itacen ryan dara biyu shine kusan shekaru 15. Matsakaicin shine 20, idan zaku iya samar da itaciyar da cikakkiyar kulawa. Kofin Crohn yana da kauri sosai, ana zagaye dashi da rassa masu yaduwa. Heightanƙƙarfan tsayi na itacen yana dacewa sosai, tun lokacin girbi ba ku buƙatar yin gwagwarmaya tare da matakala kuma hawa ta hanyar haɓaka mai yawa.
Ganyen ceri launin shuɗi ne mai duhu tare da gurguntaccen ganuwa wanda a bayyane yake ganuwa, gefen baya yana da haske, petioles sun yi kauri, launin ruwan kasa ko kore tare da burgundy hue.
Ganyen Cherry suna warkar da kaddarorin
Tsarin 'ya'yan itace
Matasa suna da manyan 'ya'yan itace, kimanin 4-5. Berries suna da siffar zagaye mai fadi, dutsen yayi karamin zagaye, ana samun saukin saurin cire shi daga ɓangaren litattafan almara. Launin fata yana daga launi mai duhu zuwa ga maroon. Farfajiyar tana da alaƙar tunawa da ceri, mai bakin ciki da tsayi.
Tare da kulawar itacen da ya dace - zaku iya samun kilogiram 10-12 na amfanin gona mai kyau. Kuma, kyawawan halaye daga iyaye iri-iri na Lyubskoy ceri.
Ana nuna cilin Lyubskaya da manyan frua andan itace da berriesa sweetan itaciya, wacce ita ce ake rabawa da itsyarta iri-iri - Molodezhnaya ceri
Tabbas bayanin kula shine Jigon matasa daban-daban. Dandano yana da daɗi, mai daɗi da sourness. Yana da m a kanta, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, sabo, sabo ne, ana yin shi da kyau daga cherries. A lokaci guda, kowa da kowa - Berry yana da taushi, ana yin jigilar ruwa saboda dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa. Ba za a iya hana kwalliyarsa ba: launin 'ya'yan itacen yana da ja ko launin burgundy, kyakkyawa. Yin biredi, adanawa, yin kayan kwalliya da sauran kayan zaki daga wannan ceri shine jin daɗin rayuwa da jin daɗin rayuwa.
Riesa'idodin dandano na matasa suna yaba da halayen dandano, masu lambu da matan gida ma suna son ta saboda kyawawan halayenta
Daya daga cikin mahimman mahimmancin iri shine babban matsayin 'ya'yan itacen sa. Ana tattara inflorescences a cikin manyan buds masu yawa (har zuwa furanni 7), da kyau pollinated saboda babban stamens da pestle. Idan lokacin bazara ya kasance yana sanadin yanayin da ya dace (ba tare da kwatsam ba a lokacin sanyi da sauran abubuwa) - sa ran babban girbi!
Lambu sun fada cikin ƙauna tare da wannan nau'in don ƙarin dalilai: don takin kanta. Wannan kyakkyawa ne kwarai da gaske, musamman a cikin ƙananan filaye a cikin ɗakunan rani. Yawancin nau'in baya buƙatar "taimakon" takwarorin wasu nau'ikan cherries don samar da 'ya'yan itace. Sabili da haka, zaka iya sauke seedlings na ceri na Matasa kawai, idan kun yanke shawara a ƙarshe game da iri-iri kuma ya dace da ku ta hanyar fasalin ƙasa (Yankin Tsakiya).
Cons na iri-iri za a iya kiran ƙasa da matsakaici jure cututtukan fungal da kuma buƙatar kula da itacen da kwayoyi don rigakafin. Tun da ceri na Matasa yana da kambi mai yadawa - ana buƙatar rassan rassa koyaushe.
Matakan saukarwa mataki-mataki-mataki
Yana da mahimmanci a san kuma ƙirƙirar yanayi don ingantaccen shuka na plantinganyen ceri na Matasa, in ba haka ba za ku iya rasa shuka kawai ko kuma jira kyawawan 'ya'yan itatuwa.
- Yanke shawara game da ranar da aka shuka: zaku iya shuka a watan Afrilu ko Oktoba. Kuma a sama wuri mai ruwa, zai fi dacewa kusa da ruwan karkashin kasa, da kuma cewa babu wasu abubuwan zane. Ainihin, ana saka cherries a wurare masu tsayi daga kudu ko kudu maso yamma.
Cherry yana son wuraren rana da kwantar da hankula, to, yana ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace da kyau
- Idan tono na girman 0.5x0.5 m ne idan seedling yayi yawa, zaku iya tono mafi fadi, misali 0.7 zurfi da 0.9 m.
Dole ne a shirya ramin dasa daidai da girman seedling, optimally 0.5 zuwa 0.5 m
- Cherry ba ta son ƙasa mai acidic, don haka bincika ƙasa a PH. Idan acidity ya yi yawa, ƙara 1 guga na lemun tsami-1 a kowace sq 1, ash ash, yashi. Don dasa shuki, yana da kyau kuma a gabatar da slurry, kaji na jiko da taki-phosphorus taki.
Tebur rabo tebur na saitin rami ɗaya
- Kada ka manta ka sanya fegi a kan Layer na hadi ƙasa a cikin ramin, wanda a cikin m matakai za ku ƙulla wani har yanzu rauni seedling.
Linguɗa zai riƙe fegin kuma ba zai ba shi damar karya ko lanƙwasa ba
- An shirya ceri daji domin duk rassan kwarangwal na tushen suna da kyau a kwance, a ɗora lebur ba a lanƙwasa.
Tsaya Tushen a cikin ramin, domin yana da matukar muhimmanci ga rayuwa ta shuka
- Ya rage don tono a cikin seedling tare da ƙasa hadu da kuma ƙulla shi a cikin fegi fegi.
Atasa a rami na buƙatar a ɗan tamped ko a tattake ta yadda babu wani ɓarna a tushen
- Ana gudanar da ruwa a cikin adadin buhu 1-2 a kowane daji 1. Zai fi kyau mulching da'irar kusa-da ita tare da peat ko daskararru mai narkewa saboda danshi ba ya ƙafe da sauri.
Mulching da'irar kusa-da-wata hanya dole ne, saboda yana taimakawa duka daga bushewa ƙasa da kuma ciyawar ciyawa
Dasa dasawa, dole ne a sa ido da seedling a karo na farko kuma a tabbata a rufe shi daga sanyi a shekarar farko da ta biyu na rayuwa. Wannan abu ne mai sauƙin yi tare da kayan rufe murfin huji. A hankali a daure safwan kafin hunturu mai sanyi, kuma idan akwai dusar ƙanƙara, tabbatar tabbas jefa rami. Yin dusar kankara yana taimakawa kare tushen daga daskarewa.
Bayani mai mahimmanci shi ne nisa tsakanin thean seedlings, idan kun yi niyyar shuka fiye da ɗaya. Mafi qarancin nisan mita 3.
A cikin 'yan shekaru biyu na shekaru biyu, harbe an girma a wani kusurwa na digiri 90 daga rassan an cire su. An bar ragowar harbe. Zai fi kyau shuka tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara, saboda ya fi kyau a ɗauki tushe a cikin sabon yanayi.
Dasa cherries da duk dokoki - bidiyo
Matasa na Cherryan Cire, kamar yadda aka riga aka bayyana, ba ya buƙatar dasa shuki kusa da wani nau'in ceri, amma ita kanta kyakkyawar pollinator. Sabili da haka, yawanci, yin gwajin lambu da zaɓi daga iri daban-daban ta hanyar namo, ɗan tsire tsire-tsire sauran bishiyoyi kusa da Molodezhnaya. Yana da fa'ida da fa'ida.
Daban-daban Matasa - kyakkyawan kyakkyawan pollinator ga wasu nau'ikan cherries
Maɓallin kulawa da fasali na namo
Dole ne a kiyaye cherry daga hares da mice voye, wanda zai iya haifar da lahani ga tushen saiti. Babu buƙatar guba dabbobi ko saita tarkuna, zaku iya kare shuka kawai tare da maimaita maye ko ku rufe rami domin ba zai yiwu a sami asalin sa ba.
Manyan miya
A cikin bazara, ya fi kyau don ciyar da cherries tare da takin mai ma'adinai. A saboda wannan, akwai ingantattun shirye-shirye kamar Emerald, Biem don 'ya'yan itace ko kowane ƙwararrun masana'antar. Ya kamata a tuna cewa a cikin bazara a cikin lokacin girma, bishiyoyi masu 'ya'yan itace suna ba da muhimmiyar kuzarin ƙarfin su zuwa fure, ganye da girma. Yi hankali da nitonium nitrate, domin da yawa daga ciki na iya ƙona tushen tushe.
Hadaddun ma'adinai yana da mahimmanci don yin kafin saita 'ya'yan itacen yayin furanni
A karo na biyu kana buƙatar ciyar da ceri bayan fruiting. Superphosphate da potassium chloride (4 tablespoons kowane) ana dilken su da ruwan dumi (lita 15) kuma an zuba da'irar gangar jikin. Irin wannan riguna na kaka a cikin kaka zai ba da damar bishiyar ta murmure bayan ta ba da dukkan kuzarirta wajen yin tumatir.
A cikin kaka, yana da kyau a shayar da ceri sau ɗaya ko sau biyu tare da jiko na ƙwanƙwar kaza ko mullein (kwayoyin tare da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10).
Ba za ka iya ƙara sabo taki, kawai rotted ko jiko a cikin ruwa tsari
Mai jan tsami
Bayan ceri ya “farka” bayan lokacin sanyi, ana iya yin girki. Zai fi kyau a cire duk harbe-harbe na shekarar bara, a akasari, kusan 12-14 harbe ya kamata ya zauna a daji. Inda incised, tabbatar ka rufe da iri iri.
Matasa Matasa na buƙatar girke-girken shekara-shekara
Duk rassan da suke girma ba da izini ba, suna yin karsashin ceri kuma suna zama sama da rabin mita daga akwati - ya zama dole don datsa.Wannan dole ne a yi shi kafin bishiyar ta fure. Kuma mafi kyawu a cikin Maris - Afrilu.
A cikin fall, yawanci ba sa nunawa, amma warkar, da pruning. Duk bushe, an cire rassa masu mahimmanci. Hakanan ana kula da wuraren da aka lalata kuma ana duba su. Wataƙila suna ɗauke da larvae ko parasites, waɗanda ya kamata a hallaka su nan da nan. Tun da kambi na Molodezhnaya yana tartsatsi sosai, bayan shekara biyar, yakamata a yanke rassan babba da rabi mita. Kirkiro daji kamar yadda ya dace da kai kuma don daukakakken kayan gona na berry.
Jagora mai sauƙi don yankan ceri - bidiyo
Cututtuka, kwari da matakan sarrafawa
Kodayake juriya na cultivar Molodezhnaya ga cututtukan fungal ba shine mafi girma ba, amma har yanzu wannan ceri yana da amfani sosai idan aka kwatanta da wasu. Coccomycosis ba ya parasitize bishiyar ku yayin lokacin rigakafin tare da fungicides. Yi la’akari da cututtukan da ake yawan fitowa dasu a wannan nau'in.
Tebur: cututtukan dutse da matakan magance su
| Cutar | Bayyanar bayyanar | Matakan sarrafawa | Yin rigakafin |
| Kwayar cuta | Dankuna da fasa a cikin haushi, ya bar curl kuma ya faɗi a kashe |
| Jiyya tare da Novosil; whitewashing na akwati da kuma manyan rassan. |
| Red tabo | Akan faranti, ana iya ganin filayen launin haske, sannan ganyen ya mutu ya fadi. Kayayyakin juriya na sanyi suna tabarbarewa. |
| Kallo-kusurwar kusa-da'irar, cire da ƙona ganye mai ganye. |
| Moniliosis | Haske mai haske launin toka-girma a kan baƙi, harbe da 'ya'yan itatuwa suna shafa |
| Cire ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa da suka fadi. Tabbatar a datsa da mara lafiya da bushe rassan. |
| Gum mai ciki | Ruwan farin ruwa mai kama-da-ruwa kamar akan bishiyar bishiya, sai itacen ya bushe ya mutu | A wuraren lalacewa ko raunuka suna buƙatar kulawa tare da sulfate na jan karfe, to - lambu var | Kare itaciyar daga lalacewa ta inji, fara fitar da akwati da rassan. |
Hoto na alamun bayyanar cututtuka na ceri
- Jayoyin toka a cikin ganyayyaki ba komai bane illa cutar kanjamau.
- Moniliosis a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa an nuna shi ta hanyar fure mai daskarewa, da juyawar' ya'yan itacen
- Cherry moniliosis ko monilial kuna bayyana kanta kamar yadda scorched da bushe ganye da fada a kan lokaci
- Gry cherry na iya haifar bishiyar ta mutu
Tebur: pestsanyen lambun ceri da matakan sarrafawa
| Karan cherry | Juya ganye, bayyanar ja ko burgundy spots a kansu tare da bututun ƙarfe, lokacin da ganyen ya buɗe, zaku iya lura da ƙananan kwari na kore, farar fata ko launi mai launi, da kuma larvae su | Jiyya tare da maganin Fufanon na ƙwayar cuta a cikin lissafin 10 l na ruwa a cikin ml 10 na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin ampoules, kowane daji har zuwa 1.5 l na bayani; Magungunan Iskra (50 g a kowace lita 5), yana da kyau saboda ya ƙunshi potassium, don haka ya zama dole ga shuka mai rauni; Fitoverm - 100 a kowace lita 10 na ruwa | A rukunin yanar gizon, ya zama dole a rabu da duk anthills, tunda tururuwa su dillalai ne na aphids. Hakanan yana da kyau a yi amfani da belts mai alaƙa a jikin akwati na itace (daga takarda mai rufi da ruwa mai ɗorawa), saboda aphids da tururuwa suna tashi zuwa ganyayyaki daga ƙasa tare da gangar jikin. Fitoverm (miyagun ƙwayoyi) cikakke ne azaman prophylaxis, kwayoyin halitta ne kuma baya haifar da wata illa ga mutane da kwari masu amfani |
| Cherry tashi | Blackan ƙananan dige baƙar fata a kan 'ya'yan itacen da ceri, da berries suna lalacewa na tsawon lokaci | Jiyya tare da Actellik a cikin kudi na 20 g da 10 l na ruwa ko Fitoverm (1 ampoule da ruwa 10) | Fraying Fitovermom a farkon bazara |
| Slim slimy sawfly | Ana iya ganin ƙwayar baƙar fata a cikin ganyayyaki, daga baya wani ya bayyana, wanda ke lalata ganye, harbe | Yin aiki tare da Confidorm (1-2 g a kowace 100 ml na ruwa), kwari ne mai ƙarfi, ƙwayar aiki mai nauyin 10 lita | Digging da kwance ƙasa a kusa da gangar jikin bishiya (yana kawar da larvae da pupae), da kuma yawan bayyanar larvae, spraying tare da kwari |
| Cherry shoot asu | Lalacewa ga ganye matasa, harbe ba sa inganta | Guda kama da ceri tashi matakan matakan | Oldona tsohuwar ganye mai ganye, yana kwance da'irar akwati |
Karin kwari na cherries Matasa
- Moth ci ganye da kuma lalata matasa harbe
- Tashi daga kan ceri tana sanya lardin da ke lalata 'ya'yan itacen
- Ba abin mamaki ba ne da aka sanya wa ɗan saw ɗin haka, yana ci da ganyayyaki
- Aphid yana da haɗari sosai duk da ƙaramin girman sa, yana iya lalata itace
'Yan lambu suna bita game da Matasan Matasa
Cikakke (ko kusan cikakke ...) matasa ceri. Vedaunace shi! 'Ya'yan itace masu laushi masu daɗi, har ma da mai daɗi (waɗanda suka ci nasara zuwa rijiyar duhu: P) Ina matuƙar murna! Howa kuma ɗa ne. Abin takaici ne cewa ceri yana da rabin mitar tsayi. Kuma tuni irin wannan burdock yana tsaye!
Ekaterina Beltyukova//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1148
Dangane da sakamakon shekaru uku, bana son samari. Dasa wannan iri-iri, saboda bayanin hukuma ya bayyana "mafi yawan nau'ikan abin dogara ga karkara." Practwaƙwalwa ba ta tabbatar da wannan maganar ba - a yankin na ba shi da lafiya fiye da Vladimir. Coccomycosis ya gama kashe ciyawar guda ɗaya (ganye ya saukad da lokacin bazara, bai tsira daga hunturu ba). Na biyu seedling har yanzu yana girma, kamar yadda ba daidai bane a cire shi ba tare da ƙirƙirar yanayi daidai ba tare da ragowar cherries - an ɓoye shi. Yanzu rana ta buɗe masa, har zuwa yanzu ban gwada berries ba (guda ɗaya ko biyu ba ƙidaya). Amma kwanciyar hankali a bayyane gare ni, kuma kambi ne na talakawa, manyan ido da jan ido.
Volkova Svetlana//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&p=385237&t=225
A karo na farko da na tattara duka cherries, babu kwari. Bayan haka, ceri na Matasa yana da kyau qwarai - babba da mai daɗi, amma tana birgima a hankali har ba ta da lokacin isarwa, kuma wasu ceri suna kan hanya.
tauraron arewa//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=1148&p=655608&hilit=%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0 % BD% D0% B0% D1% 8F # p655608
A ƙarshe, Ina so in lura da gaskiyar cewa duk da sake dubawa da shawarwari masu himma, an san komai a cikin duniya ta hanyar kwarewar da ta samu. Don haka nau'in cherries Molodezhnaya na iya zama mai daɗi ga wani, amma a wani a cikin lambu ba zai haifar da sakamako ba kwata-kwata. A kowane hali, iri-iri sun cancanci kulawa kuma ya kamata a gwada su ta hanyar masana lambu da suka kware da samarwa a Yankin Tsakiya.
