Cherry Rovesnitsa an yadu a cikin lambunan masana'antu na yankin tsakiyar Black Earth da Belarus. Yawancin lambu ma suna girma da shi a cikin makircinsu, saboda yana da fa'idodi masu yawa. Menene waɗannan fa'idodi da yadda ake girma wannan ceri - gaya wa mai karatu.
Bayanin sa
Obtainedungiyar -wararrun Russianwararrun Russianwararrun Russianwararruwa ta wararruwar Cherrywararruwar Cherrywararruwar Cherrywararruwar iri guda sun sami ta hanyar wasanyen iri na 11 da Kayan Kasuwanci na Black. Kyakkyawan ɗanɗano na berries da juriya ga cututtukan fungal an gaji su ne daga iyayen farko, kuma yawan aiki da juriya mai sanyi daga mahaifa na biyu. Daban-daban sun kasance a cikin Rijistar Jiha na Rasha tun daga 1986, an zartar da ita a yankin tsakiyar Black Earth, kuma tun 2006 tana cikin gwaji iri-iri na Jamhuriyar Belarus.
Tsawon itacen ya kai mita uku. Pyhnidal na baya pyramidal, matsakaici mai kauri, ya tashi. Ovaries suna girma akan rassan bouquet da haɓakar shekara-shekara. An lura da yawo a tsakiyar watan Mayu (17-21), ana tumɓuke berries - a tsakiyar watan Yuli (12-15). Daban-daban suna da-da-da-da-da (an nuna tama-da-kai ne a cikin Rijistar Jiha), amma kasancewar pollinators (Novodvorskaya, Vyanok, Turgenevka) yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar yawan amfanin ƙasa. Adadin balaga shine shekaru 3-4 bayan dasawa. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 40 kg / ha, matsakaicin - 64 kg / ha. Treeaya daga cikin itaciya tana samar da matsakaicin kilogiram na 20 na berries, kuma bisa ga binciken Cibiyar Belarusiya don Girma 'Ya'yan itace - har zuwa 34 kg.
Tsawon bishiyar cherry na shekarunta yakai mita uku
Wannan zamani yana da babban hunturu hardiness na itace da matsakaici - 'ya'yan itace buds, kazalika da haƙuri haƙuri. Dangane da VNIISPK, nau'in yana da matuƙar tsayayya ga coccomycosis da matsakaici mai tsayayya ga moniliosis, kuma Cibiyar Belarusiya don Growaukar ruitaruitan tayi da'awar akasin - matsakaici ga coccomycosis da babba - zuwa moniliosis.
Berries na shekaru ɗaya ƙananan - matsakaici na gram 3.0-3.5. Siffar su zagaye, launi ne maroon. Stonean ƙaramin dutse (0.2 g) ana samun sauƙin rabu da Berry, rabuwa da farfajiya ya bushe. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai yawa, m tare da m zaki da dandano mai dandano.. Kimantawa na tasters - maki 4,6. Abun sukari shine 11.0-11.5%, acid - 1.25-1.411%, ascorbic acid - 4.1 mg / 100g.
Berries na ceri iri daya.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da kuma rashin amfanin iri-iri
Takaitawa, zamu iya bambance wadannan ababen amfani dana ceri iri daya:
- isar da kai;
- lokacin sanyi;
- fari haƙuri;
- unpretentiousness;
- yawan aiki;
- tsayayya da coccomycosis da moniliosis;
- mai kyau dandano da ingancin berries.
Kasawar ya bayyana kadan:
- matsakaita hunturu hardness 'ya'yan itace buds;
- ba ma manyan berries.
Dasa ceri cikakke
Ka'idojin dasa cherries na Rovesnitsa iri-iri suna kama da ka'idodi don dasa wasu nau'in wannan amfanin gona. Zamu yi bayanin su a takaice.
Zaɓin wurin zama
Mafi kyawun wuri don cherries shine lebur ko tare da ɗan ƙaramin kudu ko kudu maso yamma, ana kiyaye shi daga iska mai sanyi, mai cike da walƙiya, ba tare da tsauraran ruwa da ambaliya ba. Yankunan da suka fi dacewa sune sandar loam da loam tare da acidity kusa da tsaka tsaki (pH 6.5-7.0).
Tsarin saukowa
A cikin lambunan masana'antu, an shuka wata mace mai shekaru guda ɗaya a cikin tsarar mita 3 x 5.. Don shinge na lambun da lambun, za'a iya rage jerawar layi zuwa uku - uku da rabi, amma dole ne a fahimci cewa kula da bishiyoyi a wannan yanayin zai zama da ɗan wahala.
Lokacin sauka
A yankin tsakiyar Black Earth na tsakiya da Belarus, ana shuka wannan ceri a cikin ƙasa a farkon bazara kafin lokacin ya kwarara sap, i. kafin a fara kumburin. Seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tsarin (a cikin kwantena) ana shuka su ne a kowane lokaci a cikin lokacin girma.
Matakan saukarwa mataki-mataki-mataki
Don dasa seedling, kuna buƙatar shirya rami mai dasa (diamita 70-80 cm, zurfin 60-70 cm) don aƙalla makonni 2-3, kuma a cikin yanayin dasa shuki ana yin wannan a cikin faɗuwa. An cika shi da cakuda kwayoyin halitta (humus, takin), peat, chernozem da yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 2: 1. Ya fi dacewa a sanya kwanon dutse wanda aka rushe (yumɓu da aka lalace, tubalin da ya karye, da dai sauransu) tare da kauri na 10-15 cm a gaba don ƙirƙirar magudanar ruwa. Saboda haka, aka dasa cherries:
- Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kafin dasa, Tushen seedling ya kamata a soaked a cikin wani bayani na Zircon ko makamancin girma stimulator.
- An tona rami a cikin wani rami mai saurin irin wannan girman wanda aka sa tushen zuriyarsa tare da yaduwar yaduwar tushen a ciki, kuma ana zuba tarko a tsakiyar cibiyar.
- A wani takamaiman nisa daga cibiyar, tsayin dutsen da ke tsakanin mita 1-1.3 ana shigowa ciki.
- An saukar da dutsen seedling a cikin rami tare da tushen wuya a kan mound kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa, a hankali hada shi. Tushen tushe yakamata ya ƙare a matakin ƙasa. Zai dace don sarrafa wannan tare da taimakon dogo da aka shimfida a ƙasan ramin.
- An dasa tsire a cikin fegi wanda ya sa ba a canja zirin. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da kayan na roba (amarya, tawilin yatsa, da sauransu).
- Ana kafa tukunyar ƙasa da ke kewaye da akwati don riƙe ruwa, bayan wannan ana shayar da shi sosai. Wajibi ne a cika da'irar kusa sau 2-3 sau biyu bayan shafe ta gaba ɗaya - wannan zai tabbatar da tsayayyen ƙasa na tushen da kuma rashin iskar gas.
Ana kafa tukunyar ƙasa da ke kewaye da akwati don riƙe ruwa, bayan wannan ana shayar da shi da yawa.
- Sa'an nan ƙasa an mulched tare da kayan da suka dace, alal misali, humus, bambaro, ƙyallen sunflower ko buckwheat, da dai sauransu.
- An yanke babban mai ba da shawara zuwa tsayin 0.8-1.2 m, an yanke madaukai a rabi.
Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa
Kamar saukowa ƙasa, kula da tsararraki ɗaya ba mai wahala bane, baya buƙatar kowace hanya da dabaru na musamman. Ya ƙunshi daidaitaccen al'adun al'adu - shayarwa, kayan miya, girki.
Watse
Tun da iri ne fari fari, ba ya bukatar m ruwa. Ya isa ya shayar da ceri kafin fure, sannan kuma ya ƙara sau biyu bayan fure tare da tazara tsakanin makonni 2-3. Idan bazara ta bushe da zafi, to 1-2 ruwa bayan girbi bazai lalace ba. A cikin kaka, amma ga dukkan albarkatu, suna gudanar da pre-hunturu ruwa-saukar ban ruwa. Bayan ban ruwa, ana buƙatar kwance ƙasa don samar da isashshen oxygen zuwa asalin yankin. Kuma kuma yana da bu mai kyau zuwa ciyawa rassan Trunks da'irori.
Manyan miya
Kamar yadda suka saba, a cikin shekara ta 3-4 bayan dasawa, suna fara ciyar da itaciya kullun.
Tebur: Jadawalin taki na Cherry
| Kwanan Aikace-aikacen | Iri takin mai magani | Hanyar Aikace-aikace | Sashi da mita |
| Spring, kafin fure | Kwayoyin (takin, humus) | A karkashin digging | 5-7 kg / m2sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3-4 |
| Takin Nitrogen (urea, ammonium nitrate) | 20-30 g / m2kowace shekara | ||
| Na biyu rabin Mayu, bayan flowering | Da takin ma'adinai na potash (monophosphate na potassium, sulfate na potassium) | Narke cikin ruwa lokacin sha | 10-20 g / m2kowace shekara |
| Yuni | Jiko na ciyawa (ciyawa, fi) a cikin ruwa. Sanya ciyawa a cikin ganga, cika shi da ruwa mai ɗumi kuma nace har sati guda. | 1-2 lita na mayar da hankali jiko a 1 m2 | |
| Fadowa | Superphosphate | A karkashin digging | 30-40 g / m2kowace shekara |
Murmushi yayi
Kambi na kambi na zamani daidai, a matsayin mai mulki, bisa ga tsarin tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle a cikin farkon shekaru 4-5 na rayuwar bishiyar. A nan gaba, an yanke shi da wuya, saboda haka kambin itace na wannan nau'in ba shi yiwuwa ya zama lokacin fari. A aikace, an rage pruning zuwa tsabtatawa lokaci-lokaci na busassun rassan da kuma cututtukan cuta (tsabtace tsabtace jini), har zuwa kankantar da kambi, idan har yanzu ana buƙata.
Kambi na kambi na shekaru iri ɗaya, a matsayin mai mulki, bisa ga tsarin tsalle-tsalle-tsalle a cikin farkon shekaru 4-5 na rayuwar bishiya.
Cutar da kwari
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, ceri Rovesnitsa yana ƙaruwa da rigakafi ga manyan cututtukan fungal (moniliosis, coccomycosis). Kuma har ila yau, da sauran cututtuka ba sa fuskantar su. Daga cikin kwari, wani lokacin wani zai iya tsayar da ckin ceri, aphid, da ganye. Yawancin lokaci, don hana irin waɗannan matsalolin, ya isa a bi ƙa'idodin matakan kariya (tsabtace yanki na ganyayyaki a cikin fall, rami mai zurfi na gangar jikin bishi, sanya farashi na katako da rassa masu kauri), kazalika da magani na lokaci tare da fungicides (kwayoyi don magance cututtukan fungal) da kwari (kudade) kwaro).
Tebur: sarrafa cherries daga cututtuka da kwari
| Lokaci | Shirye-shirye | Akai-akai | Aiki |
| Winterarshen hunturu - farkon bazara, a gaban buds tayi | Maganin 3% na sulfate na jan karfe ko ruwa na Bordeaux | A shekara | Universal (daga dukkan cututtuka da kwari) |
| BOTTOM | Sau ɗaya a kowace shekara uku | ||
| Kafin fure daya magani, bayan fure biyu jiyya tare da tazara tsakanin 7-10 kwana | Fungicides kamar Chorus, Quadris, Strobi, da dai sauransu. | A shekara | Daga cututtukan fungal |
| Kwayoyin cuta kamar Decis, Spark, Aktar, da sauransu. | Daga kwari | ||
| Lokacin rani, lambar marasa iyaka marasa iyaka tare da tazara tsakanin makonni biyu | Fitosporin-M | Daga fungal cututtuka da kuma foliar saman miya | |
| Karshe faduwa | 5% maganin baƙin ƙarfe sulfate | Duk duniya |
A cikin bazara, Ina sarrafa bishiyoyi na 'ya'yan itace, gami da cherries, tare da tukunyar tukunya na Horus da Decis. Wato, a cikin girman ruwa (lita 10) Na narke 1 gram na Decis da gram 3 na Horus. Wadannan kwayoyi sun dace kuma suna riƙe da ingancinsu lokacin da aka haɗu, kuma irin wannan cakuda yana da tasiri a lokaci guda kan cututtukan fungal da kwari. Ina kashe uku dawo - daya kafin na fure da biyu bayan fure. Wannan yana adana lokaci da aiki don aiki.
Nasiha
Duk da kyawawan halaye na nau'ikan cakulan Rovesnitsa da tasirinsa a cikin lambunan masana'antu, kusan ba a tattauna shi a cikin tarukan yan lambu ba. Na bincika shafuka da yawa, na sami bincike biyu kawai.
Na yi farin ciki da girbin ceri (Coeval) - kimanin kilogram 20 daga dasa bishiyar a shekara ta 2006. Ta ɗanɗana ɗanɗan acidic fiye da na bara. Saboda ruwan sama?
Anina, Moscow//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1148&start=1020
A shekarar da ta gabata na dasa cherries tare da cherries (Rovesnitsa - Wannan ceri ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu shayarwa da kuma lambu saboda yawan amfanin ƙasa da kyakkyawan daidaitawa ga yanayin canjin yanayin ƙasa. duka bishiyun suna cikin fure, jirgin sama na yau da kullun.
FiL//www.infoorel.ru/forum/forum_read.php?f=45&id=642598&page=4&ofs=60
Cherry Coeval yana da damar da ba za a iya mantawa da su ba - unpretentiousness, rigakafi ga cututtuka, jure fari, tsaurin hunturu, dandano mai kyau na berries. Muna da tabbacin bayar da shawarar wannan nau'in don namo ba kawai a yankin yanke hukunci ba, har ma ya wuce.
