Shuke-shuke

Pear Lada: duk game da nau'ikan da aka gwada tsawon shekaru

Gaskiyar cewa nau'in Lada pear ya fi rabin ƙarni girma kuma an raba shi sama da ƙasa mai yawa yana sa muyi tunani game da shawarar zabar shi don dasawa a shafin. A bayyane yake, ba a banza bane cewa mutane da yawa sun zaɓi wannan nau'in. Me yasa wannan ya faru - zamuyi kokarin gano shi.

Bayanin ire-ire da nau'ikan sa

Kasuwancin Lada pear sun kasance a ware a Kwalejin Aikin Noma na Moscow a cikin 1955. A 1980 an canza shi zuwa gwaji iri-iri na jihar kuma kawai a cikin 1993 ya ɗauki matsayinsa a cikin rijistar jihar na nasarorin da aka zaɓa. Yankunan dama suna da yawa - Tsakiya, Tsakiyar Black Earth, Arewa maso yamma, Mid-Volga har ma yankuna Gabas na Gabas. An samo shi ta hanyar ƙetare nau'ikan pears biyu, waɗanda a wancan lokacin galibi ake amfani da su wurin kiwo. Farkon pear shine Olga, na kowa a cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya. Daga gare ta, Lada ta sami rigakafi ga cututtuka, farkon balaga da kuma rashin 'ya'yan itatuwa. Na biyu kuma shine Kyawun dajin. Ta isar da unpretentiousness, yawan aiki, haihuwa da kuma kyakkyawan dandano na 'ya'yan itacen.

Itace mai matsakaici mai tsayi yana da kambi na conical da mai yawa. Stam din yana da kyawawan haushi na launin toka mai duhu, rassan kwarangwal suna da ɗan wuta. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari daga irin nau'ikan cakuda - shine, fure mai fure ya tsiro duka akan ƙarar ringin kuma a kan rassan, mashi,' ya'yan itatuwa da jaka 'ya'yan itace.

Pear Lada yana bada 'ya'ya a duk rassan da suka girma

Lada tartsatsi Lada ta samo halayenta:

  • High hunturu hardiness.
  • Canje-canje ga mawuyacin yanayi.
  • Kare rigakafi ga cututtuka, gami da scab.
  • Babban aiki da shekara-shekara. Matsakaicin cin 'ya'yan itace shine kilo 50 a kowace bishiya.
  • Balaga da wuri. Shekaru 3-4 bayan alurar riga kafi karbi 'ya'yan itãcen farko.
  • Farkowa da wuri.

M tsarin mulki na iri-iri, yana buƙatar pollinators, wanda zai iya zama pears na iri:

  • Chizhovskaya;
  • Na kwalliya
  • Yar Arewa;
  • Otradnenskaya;
  • Rogneda.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari mãsu yawa ne-dimbin yawa-pear-girma, matsakaici-sized. Matsakaicin adadin 'ya'yan itacen shine gram 100-120. Babban launi mai launin shuɗi mai haske ne, yana da ɗigon launuka kaɗan. Cigaban launi na bakin ciki mai launin shuɗi ne mai launin ja a cikin hanyar zama ja a gefe na thean itacen. Tushe yana da tsatsa mai tsatsa. Akwai 'yan tsaba a cikin' ya'yan itacen - ba fiye da guda biyar. Hasunbin itace yana da daɗi, mai taushi, mai ƙoshin lafiya, Tana da dandano mai daɗi mai daɗi da ƙamshi mai ƙamshi mai kyau. Tersanɗanawa sun ɗanɗano dandano na Lada da maki 4.1-4.4.

Cikakken launuka na bakin ciki fata na pear Lada mai haske ja a cikin hanyar zama ja a gefen rana na 'ya'yan itace

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba su yi haƙuri a kan harkokin sufuri. 'Ya'yan itacen da aka zaɓa a hankali ana sanya su cikin akwatunan da ke cikin iska za'a iya ajiye su a cikin ginshiki ko a cikin firiji a 0 ° C har zuwa watanni biyu. Kyakkyawan sarrafawa da kuma cin abinci sabo kamar kayan zaki.

Dasa iri irin Lada

Yadda za a shuka Lada pear - Ee, kamar kowane. Da farko kuna buƙatar neman wurin da itacen zai ji daɗi. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar sanin cewa pears ba sa girma a cikin yankuna masu dausayi, da kuma a cikin ƙasa tare da kusancin abin da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa. Ilsasa da alkaline dauki basu dace da su ba. Gara girma a tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan acidic. An lura cewa tare da acidity na pH 4.2-4.4, abin da ke faruwa na scab ba ya nan. Tsarin ƙasa yana da mahimmanci - dole ne ya kasance sako-sako kuma an kwashe shi da kyau. Pear yana buƙatar hasken rana mai yawa - a cikin inuwa zai yi girma, amma ba zai yi fure ba ya ba da 'ya'ya. Iska mai iska da ke arewa ba ta amfanar da Lada. Zai fi kyau idan akwai kariya ta halitta daga arewa ko arewa maso gabashin ta - shinge, bango na ginin ko bishiyoyi masu kauri. A cikin rashi, gardenersan lambu masu gogewa suna kafa allon katako wanda aka fentin farin da lemun tsami Zane, yana nuna hasken rana, yana bayar da gudummawa ga ƙarin hasken wuta da dumama bishiyar matasa. Kirki zai yi girma da kyau a kan ƙaramin kudu ko kudu maso yamma.

Pear yayi girma sosai akan karamin gangara.

Ana dasa pear a farkon lokacin bazara kafin farkon kwararar ruwan 'ya'yan itace. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, zaku iya dasa pear a damina, amma a yankuna na arewacin babu wani madadin dasa shuki. Zai fi kyau ka sayi seedling a bazara, lokacin da gandun daji ke haƙa don siyarwa. A wannan lokacin, mafi kyawun zaɓi na kayan dasa kayan amfanin gona. Ya kamata ka zabi itace tun tana shekara daya zuwa biyu. Irin waɗannan suna canja wurin dasa mafi kyawu, suna ɗaukar tushe cikin sauri kuma shigar da fruiting a baya. Lokacin zabar seedling, suna kulawa da jihar tushen tsarin - yakamata a inganta shi sosai, ba tare da haɓakawa ba. Kokarin ba da abubuwan fasa ko wasu lalacewa. Bar, idan akwai, ya kamata a yanke.

Seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tsarin za a iya dasa a kowane lokaci - daga farkon Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba.

Don ajiye seedling, sun tono shi a cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar tono rami a gonar mai tsayi mita ɗaya da zurfin santimita 30-40. A kasan, ana zuba karamin yashi a ciki wanda aka sanya tushen seedling. Da farko kuna buƙatar tsoma tushen cikin magana, wanda aka shirya daga daidai sassan yumɓu da mullein tare da ƙari na ruwa. Daidaituwar mafita yakamata yayi kama da kirim mai tsami. Wannan magani bazai bada izinin Tushen ya bushe ba. Sand da Tushen kuma shayar. Kafin farkon sanyi, suna cika ramin da duniya zuwa saman, suna barin saman bishiyar a waje.

Sapling don ajiyar hunturu yana narkewa a gonar

Hakanan zaka iya ajiye seedling a cikin ginshiki idan zazzabi a ciki baya sauka ƙasa 0 ° C kuma baya tashi sama da +5 ° C. A wannan yanayin, tushen ma yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi mai laushi, alal misali, kunsa su da gansakuka da laima.

Matakan-mataki-mataki don dasa pear

Algorithm saukarwa kamar haka:

  1. A cikin bazara, sun shirya rami saukowa. Ana yin sa kamar haka:
    1. Tona rami na girman da ya dace. A kan ƙasa mai ɗorewa, zurfin santimita 60-70 kuma girman diamita ɗaya ya isa. Mafi talauci ƙasa, mafi yawan za a buƙaci. An yi ramuka tare da ƙarancin aƙalla mita ɗaya a kan ƙasa mai yashi.
    2. Idan ƙasa tayi nauyi, clayey, wani magudanar ruwa mai kauri daga santimita 10-15 ya kamata a dage farawa zuwa gindin. Don wannan, zaku iya amfani da tubalin da aka fashe, dutsen da aka lalata, yumɓu mai daɗin ƙasa. Idan ƙasa mai yashi ne, to, sai a shimfiɗa murfin laka a ƙasan, wanda zai riƙe ruwa.

      Za a iya amfani da daskararren dutse

    3. Gina abinci don bishiyar gaba. Don yin wannan, ana saka chernozem, peat, humus ko takin da yashi a cikin rami (yashi, ba shakka, an cire shi a kan kasa mai yashi) daidai gwargwado.
    4. Bugu da ƙari, ana zubar da lita 2-3 na itace ash da 300-400 grams na superphosphate, bayan wannan an cakuda cakuda sosai tare da felu ko fffork.

      A cikin rami saukowa sa abinci don itacen nan gaba

    5. Don guje wa leaching na abubuwan gina jiki, an rufe ramin da kayan rufin, fim, da dai sauransu.
  2. Lokacin da lokaci ya yi da za a shuka, sai a fitar da seedling daga wurin ajiya kuma ana duba lafiyarsu. Idan ya yi sanyi sosai, to, saiwoyin ruwan da ke cikin ya narke na tsawon awanni 2-3. Heteroauxin, Kornevin, Epin, ko wasu haɓaka da haɓaka tushe za'a iya haɗa su cikin ruwa.
  3. Daga ramin saukowa, an zaɓi wani yanki na ƙasa don tushen tushen seedling zai iya dacewa da rami cikin yardar rai.
  4. Ana kafa karamin tarko daga ƙasa friable a cikin rami. 10-15 santimita daga tsakiya na fitar da fegi 90-110 santimita tsayi.
  5. Ana sanya sapling a kan ƙwanƙwasa tare da tushen wuyansa zuwa saman. Tushen ya shimfiɗa a kan gangara.
  6. Ramin ya rufe duniya, ya cika sosai. Yana da mahimmanci cewa sakamakon wannan aikin, tushen wuyansa yana a matakin ƙasa ko kuma santimita 2-4 sama. Inganta tushen wucin gadi na iya haifar da narkewa.

    Kar a zurfafa tushen wuyan, saboda wannan na iya haifar da narkewa.

  7. An kafa da'irar gangar jikin itace kuma an ɗaura itacen a fegi. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da wani nau'i na roba don kar a watsa akwati.
  8. Sha ruwa mai yalwar ruwa mai yawa. Duk kasar gona a cikin rami na dasa yakamata a cike shi da ruwa don dacewa mafi kyau ga tushen kuma kawar da kumfa iska wanda babu makawa ya cika lokacin cika.
  9. Bayan 'yan kwanaki daga baya, lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe da ɓawon burodi fara da nunawa, gangar jikin da'irar dole ne a kwance kuma mulched. Amfani da ciyawa, ciyawa, rassa, da dai sauransu ana amfani da su ciyawa.
  10. A ƙarshen dasa, an yanke seedling zuwa tsayin 60-80 santimita, kuma an yanke rassan a rabi.

Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa

Yana da wuya a yi girma Lada pear. Agrotechnics na kulawa da shi mai sauƙi ne kuma baya buƙatar ƙwarewar musamman. Ya isa mu cika wasu sanannun ƙa'idodi.

Watse

Pear ba shukar albarkatu ne na fari kuma yana bukatar matukar ruwa akai-akai. A matsakaita, a lokacin girma, tazara tsakanin ban ruwa wata daya. Treesungiyoyi matasa, waɗanda tushensa bai yi girma ba kuma ya zurfafa, suna buƙatar ƙarin shayarwa. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana shayar da pear kafin fure, bayan fure, a lokacin girma 'ya'yan itatuwa da harbe, makwanni biyu kafin farawa, bayan girbi da kaka. Kafin yin ruwa, tushen wuyansa da ƙananan sashin gangar jikin dole ne a kiyaye shi daga motsawar ruwa ta mai abin hawa daga busasshiyar ƙasa. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, itaciyar tana iya ƙwanƙwasa. Kowane lokaci kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa zurfin danshi na ƙasa ya zama santimita 25-35. Bayan kowace shayarwa, lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe, dole ne a sake ta da mulched.

Bayan kowace shayarwa, lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe, dole ne a sake ta da mulched.

Manyan miya

Idan an shirya ramin sauka daidai da shawarwarin da aka bayyana a sama, to abubuwan gina jiki da ke ciki ya isa ya zama farkon shekarun rayuwar bishiyar. Lokacin da pear fara 'ya'yan itace da abinci amfani ƙaruwa, da shuka fara ciyar.

Tebur: nau'ikan takin pears, lokaci da kuma hanyoyin aikace-aikace

Iri CiyarKwanaki da mita na aikace-aikaceHanyoyin hadi da kashi
Tsarin takin gargajiya (takin, humus, peat)Lokacin bazara ko faɗuwa, tsaka-tsakin shekaru 3-4Tsakanin kilo 5-6 a 1 m2 da'irar akwati. Yada da kuma tono a ko'ina.
Tataccen Tsarin Abincin JikiLokacin haihuwar ovary da girma 'ya'yan itace, ana yin suttura 2-3 tare da tazara tsakanin makonni 2-3. Idan babu 'ya'yan itace a cikin kwanakin da muke ciki, to ciyarwa ba lallai ba ne.Don wannan riguna na saman, kuna buƙatar shirya babban jiko na kwayoyin. Auki lita biyu na mullein, lita ɗaya na digo na tsuntsu ko kilo biyar na ciyawar sabo. Zuba guga ɗaya na ruwa kuma nace a cikin wurin dumi don 5-10 kwana. Bayan haka, tsarma da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1 zuwa 10 kuma shayar da itacen a kan farashin guga ɗaya a kowace murabba'in mita.
Takin Nitrogen (nitroammophosk, urea, ammonium nitrate, da sauransu)Kowane bazaraTsarin gram 20-30 a 1 m2 da'irar akwati. Yada da kuma tono a ko'ina.
Da takin ma'adinai na potash (monophosphate na potassium, sulfate na potassium)A shekara a ƙarshen Mayu-farkon YuniLokacin da aka shayar da itaciyar, an ƙara gram 10-20 na kowace guga na ruwa. Bucketaya daga cikin guga a kowace murabba'in mitir na ƙasa.
Da takin mai ma'adinai na Phosphoric (superphosphate, supegro)Kowane shekara a ƙarshen kakaNorm 30 30 na gram a 1 m2 da'irar akwati. Yada da kuma tono a ko'ina.
Cikakken takin ma'adinaiAiwatar bisa ga umarnin

Murmushi yayi

Ta hanyar bushewa, suna rage haɗarin cututtukan cututtuka, haɓaka girman amfanin gona da rayuwa mai aiki na pear.

M kore na Lada pear a cikin bazara, ciki har da cikin kewayen gari

Ba tare da la’akari da yankin girma ba, an kirkiro kambi don samar da dacewa da kiyayewar itace, girbi, da kuma kyakkyawan haske na sararin ciki na kambi da iskarsa. Mafi na kowa sune nau'in ƙaramin raƙuman ƙananan kambi, kazalika da nau'in nau'in "kwano". Tun da kambilar Lada tana kasancewa zuwa siffar pyramidal, nau'in sikandire zai zama mafi dacewa da shi.

Matakan-mataki-mataki don ƙirƙirar kambi mai ƙyalli-lu'u-lu'u

Wannan nau'in ya wanzu fiye da dozin shekaru kuma ba wuya a cika shi. Ana yin tsari kowace shekara a farkon lokacin bazara kafin farkon kwararar ruwan 'ya'yan itace.

  1. Fara tare da pruning a seedling. An dauki wannan matakin yayin sauka.
  2. Shekaru 2-3 bayan dasawa, duk rassan banda biyu ko uku suna yankan "akan zobe". Bar rassan da ke a matakai daban-daban a nesa na santimita 15-20 daga juna. Dole ne su kuma girma cikin hanyoyi daban-daban. Waɗannan sune rassan kwarangwal mai zuwa nan gaba na matakin farko. Suna taqaitaccen kashi 30-40. Shi kuma shugaba na tsakiya shima ya gajarta. Yankin sa yakamata ya kasance a saman reshe na sama ta 20-30 santimita.
  3. Shekaru 1-2 bayan samuwar rukunin farko, an samar da kashi na biyu na kwarangwal kwatankwacin tsari iri daya. A wannan lokaci, ya kamata rassan rukuni na biyu ya riga ya girma akan rassan matakin farko. Daga cikin waɗannan, bar guda biyu akan kowane reshe kwarangwal kuma ku rage su da 40-50%. An yanke ƙarin rassa "a cikin zobe."
  4. A cikin shekaru 1-2 na gaba, an kafa matakin na uku na kwarangwal kwarangwal.
  5. An gama tsarin ta hanyar datsa mai jagorar tsakiya a saman gindin reshe na sama.

    Samuwar lu'ulu'u-lu'u-lu'u da aka zub da kwalliya yana ɗaukar shekaru 4-6

Daidaita cropping

Wannan pruning an tsara shi don tsara daskararre da tsawo na kambi. Ku ciyar dashi kuma a farkon bazara. Kuma tunda kambin Lada yana iya zama lokacin ɗaukar nauyi, to, wataƙila, zai zama dole ya zama mai ƙyalli a shekara. A lokaci guda, harbe da ke girma a ciki, cike da shiga tsakani da iska tare da kunna sararin samaniya suna yanke. Wannan ya kamata a aikata ba tare da "tsattsauran ra'ayi ba", tunda furannin furanni suma suna fitowa akan rassan ciki. Karin bakin ciki na iya haifar da asarar wani yanki na amfanin gona. Har ila yau, suna lura da haɓaka rassan kwarangwal, lokaci-lokaci suna rage su, da kuma canja wuri zuwa bugun daga gefe, faɗaɗa ko kunkuntar kambi.

Amfanin gona

Dalilin wannan danyen shine don kiyaye babban matakin fitar da 'ya'yan itace. Ana aiwatar dashi ta hanyar abin da ake kira coinage - gajarta harbe matasa ta hanyar santimita 10-15. Wannan yana haifar da ƙarin chingan shinge da haɓaka ƙarin fruitan itacen, wanda ke ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa na shekara mai zuwa. Ana aiwatar da tsabar kudi a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da aka lura da saurin girma na harbe matasa.

Bidiyo: Hanyar ban sha'awa na tallafawa girkin pear

Tsabtace tsabtace

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, suna ciyar da shi a ƙarshen kaka bayan sun daina kwarara ruwan itace. Dry, marasa lafiya, da harbe da aka lalace an yanke. Idan ya cancanta, ana iya samun ƙarin kayan tsabtacewa a farkon bazara.

Dokoki

Domin kada ya cutar da itaciyar, yakamata a aiwatar da dukkan nau'ikan girki yayin bin wasu ka'idodi:

  • Wajibi, masu ɓoye, ɓoye, ɓoye, wukake da aka yi amfani da su don gyaran fuska ya kamata a tsawwala.
  • Kafin fara aiki, ya kamata a lalata kayan aikin don kada ya haifar da kamuwa da cuta. Don yin wannan, zaku iya nema:
    • Daya bisa dari bayani na jan karfe sulfate.
    • Maganin hydrogen peroxide.
    • Barasa
  • Ana ɗaukar bulogin duk rassan ta hanyar "zobe". Ba za ku iya barin ƙyallen da hemp ba, saboda bayan bushewa, fungi zai iya yin zama a cikinsu.
  • Kada a yi ƙoƙarin yanke rassan cikin ƙananan rassan a cikin tafi guda ɗaya - kuna iya lalata maƙwabta waɗanda ke kusa da su, kamar yadda za su fasa ɓangaren ɓawon itacen da katako. Zai fi kyau yin wannan a cikin tricksan dabaru, yankan reshe a sassa.
  • Duk sassan, diamita wanda ya wuce milimita goma, an tsabtace shi da wuka kuma an rufe shi da wani yanki na lambu var ko zane na lambun.

Lokacin zabar wani lambu na daban, ba a son sayan wanda ya ƙunshi man petrolatum ko wasu kayayyakin mai. Wannan na iya zama cutarwa ga shuka. Zai fi kyau bayar da fifiko ga abubuwan da aka kirkiro dangane da abubuwan halitta (beeswax, lanolin).

Cutar da kwari

Cututtuka da kwari sun fi yawaita tsokanar wadancan lambu wadanda suka sakaci aiwatar da tsafta da kuma matakan kariya.

Tebur: matakan kariya da tsafta

Me akeyiTa yayaMe suke yi?Yaushe
Tattara ganye masu ganye, ciyawa, tarkace. An ƙone su, kuma ash wanda aka kafa a cikin wannan tsari ana adana shi don amfani dashi azaman taki.Wadannan matakan zasu ba ku damar kawar da kwari da suka zauna a cikin ciyawar don hunturu, da kuma spores na fungi da yawa da za a iya samu a bushe da kuma cututtukan cututtukan.Fadowa
Tsabtace tsabtaceDangane da ka'idodin da ke sama. A ƙarshen, an yanke rassan da aka yanke. An kubutar da ash.Karshe faduwa
Itatuwan fariFusoshin da kuma rassan kauri suna zubar da turmi mai lemun tsami tare da ƙari na 1% jan karfe na tagulla. Kuna iya amfani da zanen zane na musamman.Don hana kunar rana a jiki na haushi, don lalata shi, kazalika don ƙirƙirar shinge ga kwari, wanda a farkon bazara zai yi ƙoƙarin hawa kambi a kan akwati.Autar farkon bazara
Digging gangar jikin keɓaɓɓeGudanar da zurfi kamar yadda zai yiwu, tare da aiwatar da juyin juya halin duniyaNaɗaɗɗun ƙwayar naman gwari, weevils da sauran kwari zasu iya yin hunturu a cikin ƙasa. Da zarar a kan farfajiya, za su iya mutuwa daga dusar ƙanƙara, kamar kuma daga fesawa tare da tagulla na tagulla.Karshe faduwa
Sulphate sprayingAiwatar da maganin 1% na sulfate na jan karfe ko ruwa na Bordeaux don fesa ganyen da aka toka da rawanin bishiyarDon magance wintering kwari da fungiMarigayi kaka, da farkon bazara
Parfafa Kwayar KibaAiwatar
  • DNOC - sau ɗaya kowace shekara uku;
  • Nitrafen - a wasu shekaru.
Don rigakafin cututtukan fungal da kwariA farkon bazara
Tsarin fungicide sprayingYi amfani da kwayoyi tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin jira
  • Sauri - kwana 20;
  • Chorus - kwana 7;
  • Quadris - 5 days.

Magungunan suna zama jaraba ga fungi kuma bayan magunguna uku sun rasa tasiri. Saboda haka, ya kamata a musanya su.

Don rigakafin cututtukan fungal.Lokaci na farko bayan fure, sannan a kai a kai a kai na makonni 2-3. Yin aiki bayan ruwan sama yana da mahimmanci musamman, saboda a wannan lokacin an samar da yanayi mai kyau don haɓaka fungi.

Abin da cututtuka ke shafi ta pear Lada

Kyakkyawan rigakafi Lada don scab da sauran cututtukan fungal a hade tare da matakan rigakafin ci gaba na iya kare itacen da amfanin gona daga matsala. Amma har yanzu, ba zai zama superfluous ga lambu ya san alamun cututtukan da ke tattare da cutar ba.

Moniliosis

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, kamuwa da cuta tare da wannan naman gwari yana faruwa a cikin bazara a lokacin lokacin furanni pear. Beudan zuma da sauran kwari waɗanda ke tattara ƙwayoyin lectar suna ɗaukar ƙwayoyin fungal a ƙafafunsu. Fara ci gaba a cikin fure, naman gwari ta cikin kwaro ya motsa cikin harbin sannan ya shiga cikin ganyayyaki. Waɗannan sassan shuka suna bushewa, alagammana sannan kuma baƙi. Daga gefe yana kama da ƙonewa tare da harshen wuta ko sanyi. Wannan kamanceceniya ya haifar da bayyanar da sunan na biyu na cutar - ƙona monilial. Lokacin da ake bincika wannan cuta, ya kamata a yanke rassan da ya shafa nan da nan tare da kama santimita 20-30 na itace mai lafiya don hana yaduwar naman gwari. Bayan wannan, ana sake zagayowar jiyya tare da fungicides.

A lokacin bazara, naman gwari yana shafar 'ya'yan itatuwa wanda akan lalace da launin toka, yana sa su zama marasa amfani. Irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa ma an tara su kuma an lalace su.

Moniliosis yana shafar 'ya'yan itacen da launin toka

Scab

Cin nasarar scab ya fara ne da bayyanar a kan ƙananan gefen ganyen ganyen zaitun da launin ruwan kasa mai laushi. Yada, scab ta shafi 'ya'yan itatuwa wanda akan nuna aibi ne, fatar jiki ta fashe, jiki ya zama da wahala. 'Ya'yan itãcen da abin ya shafa suna zama wanda ba za'a iya sabawa da shi dole ne a lalata.

Yada scab yana shafar 'ya'yan itacen, wanda aka sanya aibanan fili, fatar jiki ta fashe, jiki ya zama da wahala

Soot naman gwari

Mafi sau da yawa, wannan naman gwari yana bayyana a ƙarshen rabin lokacin bazara. An gabace shi ta hanyar kai hari a kan itacen aphid, wanda asirin sa mai ban sha'awa ya zama wurin kiwo don naman gwari. A baki shafi bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da harbe, kama soot - Saboda haka sunan naman naman gwari. Yin amfani da fungicides daga naman gwari, da kwari daga aphids za su iya magance matsalar.

Lokacin da aka shafa naman alade, baƙar fata ta fata ta bayyana akan ganyayyaki, fruitsya fruitsyan itace da harbe na pear, mai kama da kullun

Abin da kwari za su iya kai hari a pear Lada

Yin tsayayya da karin kwari mai sauki. Don wannan, aiwatar da matakan kariya yawanci ya isa. Amma har yanzu abokin gaba shine mafi kyawun sani.

Pear irin ƙwaro

Daya daga cikin galaxy na weevils. Winters a cikin ƙasa na kusa-kara da'irar, bayyana daga pupa a ƙarshen bazara. Idan babu abin da zai hana shi, to, tare da farawar bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ta fara dumama, ja jiki zuwa saman kuma ya tashi zuwa kambi na itacen. A can ne ya fara ci, da farko dai ya ci kambin fure, wanda bayan hakan ba zai yi fure ba. Furtherari, zai fara cin furanni, amma duk da haka sun yi fure, tare da ganye, ganyayyaki da tukwicin matasa. A cikin farkon lokacin, zaku iya tara dumbin kwari da hannu. Don yin wannan, da sanyin safiya, lokacin da iska ba ta daɗaɗa ba kuma yawan zafin jiki bai wuce +5 ° C ba, suna fita zuwa cikin lambun kuma su yada zane ko fim a gindin itacen. A wannan zazzabi, da ƙwaro suna cikin yanayi mai ɗorewa kuma suna zama adon akan rassa. Ya rage don girgiza su daga rassan da kuma lalata. Ana yin ƙarin gwagwarmaya tare da amfani da kwari, alal misali, Decis, Fufanon, Iskra-Bio, da dai sauransu.

A yanayin zafi mara kyau, ƙwayar ƙwayar fure ta zauna akan reshe a cikin yanayi

Pear asu

Wannan ƙarancin littafi ne wanda yake sanya ƙwai bisa tushen keɓaɓɓun da'irori. Daga gare su matafila suna bayyana, wanda daga baya yayi jinkiri tare da akwati zuwa kambi ya shiga cikin 'ya'yan itaciyar, yana lalata su kuma yana sanya su cikas. Abun belun kamun kamun kifi da aka kafa a lokacin bazara, farashi mai kyau na boles da magani tare da cututtukan fungicides yana hana wannan matsala.

Wannan malam buɗe ido mara tushe na iya lalata amfanin gona na pears.

Aphids

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, aphids kan aiwatar da rayuwa yana haifar da wani ruwa mai narkewa, wanda tururuwa suke so su ci. Suna ɗaukar fitsari a rawanin bishiyoyi, a inda suke yada shi a ganye. Hanyoyin gwagwarmaya a bayyane - don ƙirƙirar shinge don tururuwa, tare da bi da kambi tare da maganin kwari.

'Ya'yan tururuwa suna son cin abinci don ɓoye ɓoyayyun abubuwan aphid

Nasiha

Halin Lada ya yi daidai, Na yarda da ku. Ina so in kara ranar balaga ta 20 ga Yuli. Sannan wasps din suka fara aiki. stock VA-29 Ya fara bada 'ya'ya a cikin shekara ta 3 na dasa.

Eramasov Vitaliy, Voronezh

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Re: Lada Bayani: Asali Kafa daga Oksana1 View Post А какая груша по вкуссу? Alamar dandanawar dandano da maki 4.1-4.4 ba mai ban sha'awa ba ne.

Anona, Moscow Oblast

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Babban darajar Lada shine farkon balagarta. A cikin wannan (shekara ta 16) ya yi launin toka - ya fara yawo a ranar 20 ga Yuli. Tun daga 1 ga Agusta, ba a ɗora cikakken nitsuwa ba tsawon makonni 2-3. thearshen pears ya ƙare Chizhevskaya. Har sai pear ya zama taushi - yana da daɗi .. A wannan shekara, an bugi ɗan ƙaramin dutsen, amma ba abin zargi ba. Ba ni da sauran, a baya iri, kuma ban san irin wannan ba. Saboda haka, yana da kyau a sami Lada fiye da ba tare da ita ba. Ina bayar da shawarar .. Madalla da juriya na sanyi, yawan haihuwa.

Maris, yankin Moscow

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Game da irin pears. Sakamakon dumamar yanayi (ma'ana bazara), Lada pear ita ce pear mai ƙaranci a ƙarshen sati ɗaya ba zai iya zama mai ƙarfi ba, bai tsiro ba, kun isa ƙarshen mako mai zuwa wanda yake kwance akan ƙasa bai cika birgewa ba kuma hanya, sai dai don ciyar da aladu .. Haka ne ko kuma zasu ci shi.

Vladimir daga N. Novgorod

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Game da Lada, a cikin 2002, a lokacin yin shuka orchard, ba tare da sauraron kowa ba, banda wallafe-wallafen wallafe-wallafen, Na tsaya akan wannan nau'in. Yanzu, ta wata hanya ba zan yi la'akari da wannan nau'in ba har ma azaman maganin rigakafi. Chizhevskaya ne sau ɗari mai tastier kuma lokacin hunturu mai ƙarfi ya fi girma. Yanzu yana da wannan nau'ikan da ke ƙaunar dabbobi, tare da ingantaccen fruiting daga shekara zuwa shekara, Na lura da shinge na maƙwabta a cikin lambu (maƙwabcin, lokacin da aka kusanci zaɓin pear iri-iri, ba amince da wallafe-wallafen ba, amma ra'ayi na gogaggen lambu). Na soke Lada a wannan shekara, da kuma rigakafin Chizhevskaya akan bishiyoyi 2. Game da Birch, babu wani ra'ayi na mutum. Bada dadewar kwarewar sadarwa a wannan matattarar ba, da kuma bita akan mabambantan membobin wannan taron, wanda ra’ayina na amince da shi, zan ƙi amincewa da dasa wannan nau'in.

Alina, yankin Moscow

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Lada pear iri-iri yana da fa'idodi da yawa da ba za a iya jure su ba. Flaarancin aibi yana da sauƙin shawo kan aikin kuma ba zai zama sanadin tuntuɓe ba lokacin zabar wannan nau'in. Lambu na Gabas ta Tsakiya, har ma da Gabashin Siberiya, na iya ba da tabbacin bayar da shawarar wannan pear don girma.