Tumbin ruwan hoda na yankin Moscow: hutu dandano da launi

Plwararren ƙwayar cuta a cikin yanayi na dabi'a shine halayyar yankuna na kudancin: Crimea, Caucasus ta Arewa, Asiya ta Tsakiya. Wannan al'adar lambun ta dade da sanin sanannun 'ya'yan itaciyar launi mai haske da dandano mai yawan gaske. Godiya ga aikin mai shayarwa, a yau, iri don girma cherry plum ana kuma bred a cikin yanayin Arewa-Yamma da Tsakiyar Rasha, ciki har da yankin Moscow.

Mafi kyawun irin ceri plum don yankin Moscow

Cherry plum a cikin abincin mutane yana godiya sosai ga lafiya, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu daɗi, waɗanda kuma suna da kaddarorin magani. Kuma yayin da a kudu, ceri plum ke tsiro ba tare da wata matsala ba, to, a cikin kewayen birni tare da yanayin yanayin yanayinsa, yana da matukar wahala a shuka irin nau'in amfanin gona na yau da kullun. A cikin bazara, ceri plum furanni suna talauci pollinated saboda sanyi, ruwan sama, da kuma tsananin sanyi a cikin hunturu na iya lalata furen fure da harbe. Don haɓaka wannan amfanin gona mai ƙauna-zafi a tsakiyar layin, ya zama dole don haɓaka nau'ikan zuriya tare da tsananin tsananin hunturu da farkon 'ya'yan itace, da juriya ga manyan cututtukan' ya'yan itatuwa na dutse. Sakamakon aikin kiwo, an samo nau'in cherry plum don namo a cikin yankin Tsakiya, wanda ya hada da Yankin Moscow.

Bidiyo: sake duba nau'in nau'in cherry na tsiri a tsakiyar tsiri

Don kawar da mummunan halaye na iri da haɓaka mafi kyawun kaddarorin su, masu shayarwa suna amfani da giciye da yawa tsakanin nau'ikan filayen daban daban. A farkon 90s na karni na karshe, masanin kimiyyar Rasha, masanin ilimin kimiyya G.V. Yayin aiwatar da zaɓi, Yeryomin ya buge da sabon nau'in ƙwayar ceri, yana hawan aan Ussuri na Sinanci da hunturu-Hardy mai sanyi wanda ke da tsayayya da cututtukan fungal tare da nau'ikan ƙwayoyin ceri na kudancin ceri. Wata sabuwar al'ada mai ban al'ajabi ana kiranta "Rashan Rashan" ko ceri plum matasan. A cikin yankin Moscow, nau'in wannan ceri plum ya nuna babban tsananin sanyi lokacin hunturu, ingancin ingancin manyan, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari masu yawa da haɓaka mai yawa fiye da na al'ada.

Yaran da aka yi da kansu

A cikin yawancin nau'in ceri ceri girma a cikin kewayen birni, rashin haihuwa. Wannan yana nufin cewa saboda ingancin su na yin shisshigi da kuma 'ya'yan itace wuri, kasancewar wasu nau'in ceri ceri ko plum wajibi ne. Koyaya, a cikin wasu nau'in, furanni suna da ikon yin pollinate, wannan al'adar ana kiranta-kai-da-kai. Sunaye da halaye na nau'in wadataccen-girbi an ba su a cikin tebur. Bayan waɗannan nau'ikan, nau'ikan zaɓi na gargajiya na Tula da ceri plum Egg blue an bambanta shi da takin kansa (zaɓi na VSTISP). Ya kamata a sani cewa ceri plum Morning yana da babban digiri na haihuwar mutum kuma baya buƙatar ƙarin pollination. Yawan nau'in kwalliyar Kuban wani bangare ne mai cin gashin kansa kuma yana buƙatar bishiyar bishiyoyi. Vladimir comet da Kyauta mai Kyau suna cikin nau'ikan da suke da saurin haifuwa, amma wadatar su ta zamanto sabani ce. Idan a lokacin furanni akwai dumi, yanayin bushe, furanni ceri ceri za'a iya dasa su da pollen nasu. Farkon tashi daga pollinating kwari: ƙudan zuma, bumblebees, wasps shima suna bada gudummawa ga wannan. Amma don tabbacin pollination da hadi a cikin kowane yanayi, ana bada shawara a shuka yawancin nau'ikan ceri a kusa (yawancin lokuta biyu ko uku sun dace da lokutan fure sun isa).

Tebur: halaye da kuma babban fasali na nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙwayar ceri cherry

Tsarin ceri na cak ɗin gashi na iya yin pollin ta kowane nau'in plums, ban da plums na gida da ƙaya.

Bidiyo: nau'ikan ceri ceri Kuban comet

Theungiyar Kuban, ba kamar yawancin nau'in plum ba, tana dacewa da yanayin yanayi daban-daban kuma cikakkiyar fassara ce zuwa ƙasa. Hakanan ana saninsa da kyakkyawar juriya ga moniliosis, kleasterosporiosis, ƙwayar itace. Dutse, da talauci ya rabu da ɓangaren litattafan almara, kusan shine kawai ɓarkewar wannan nau'in.

Bambancin Vladimir tauraro mai wutsiya tsaye a waje don babban 'ya'yan itace da babban hunturu hardiness

Alychu Vladimir comet a kan gabaɗaɗan nau'ikan da ke haifar da ƙaramar haihuwa, ainihin babban lokacin hunturu da juriya ga manyan cututtukan fungal. Rashin kyau shi ne mai ƙarfi flaking daga cikin 'ya'yan itace bayan cikakken ripening.

Bambancin ceri plum

Don inganta alamun dandano da juriya daga bishiyoyi zuwa cututtukan fungal yayin kiwo, mafi yawan nau'ikan ceri mai cakulan da ƙaya, gami da nau'in ceri iri iri, an zaɓa don zaɓi. Don haka, a sakamakon amfani da ceri ceri na Gaiowata, an samo nau'ikan ceri na ceri ɗaya Kolonovidnaya.

Sabuwar iri-iri an bred daga shayarwa na Crimean OSS VNIIR su. N.I. Va-Vilova ta hanyar wucewa tsintsiyar ceri daji da ceri plum seedling. Itace mai tsayi mita biyu zuwa uku yana da kamannin shafi, mai girman kambi na 1-1.2 m rassan mara nauyi suna barin gangar jikin a wani kusurwa mai girma kuma suna girma tare da shi.

Babban fasali mai ban sha'awa game da wannan iri-iri shine adadi mai yawa na fure fure (ringworms), wanda aka dage akan ba kawai akan rassan ba, har ma a kan akwati - akan gajerun hanyoyin da ake kira mashi.

A lokaci guda, gangar jikin itacen ana ɗora shi da 'ya'yan itatuwa, saboda wanda nauyin rassan gefen bashi da mahimmanci. Stam ɗin yana da ƙarfi, itace mai ƙarfi kuma baya birki ƙarƙashin nauyin amfanin gona. 'Ya'yan itacen ceri plum suna da yawa, ana yin nauyi 50-70 g, a ko'ina cikin girman akwati, ana farawa daga 0.5 m daga ƙasa. Canza launuka na 'ya'yan itatuwa - daga violet zuwa duhu burgundy, tare da ɗan taɓa taɓawar bazara (kakin itacen' ya'yan itace). Dandano ceri plum kayan zaki ne, mai daɗi, ɗanɗano kaɗan. Iri-iri sun kai ga marigayi; amfanin gona ya girma a farkon watan Agusta.

Bidiyo: Matattarar ruwan sha

Matsakaicin girman kambi ya sa ya yiwu a dasa bishiyoyi da yawa a kan yanar gizon, kuma tsarin tsinkayuwa na rassan yana ba ku damar aiwatar da itaciyar yadda ya kamata ta hanyar kulawa, yana mai dauko ɗan itacen ya dace.

Yawancin ceri cherry plum shine mai yawa Kolonoobraznaya-2. Waɗannan su ne dogaye (har zuwa tsayi mita shida) na bishiyar marigayi ripening, tare da fruitsya ofyan itãcen launuka masu launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. 'Ya'yan itãcen wannan iri-iri sun fi waɗanda na Kolonoobraznaya, kowannensu yana ɗaukar kimanin 35 g, ɗanɗanar' ya'yan itacen talakawa ne - mai daɗin daɗi. Ba kamar Siffar-sifar ba, kashi zai iya sauƙi rabu da bangirin tayi.

Duk nau'ikan nau'in cherry plum biyu an san su da kyawawan masu ba da gudummawar pollinator don yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan kwalliyar Sinanci da Ussuri.

Plwararren Cherrywararruwar Cherrywararriyar yana ɗauke da halayen Halo-sifa waɗanda ke bambanta shi idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'in plum:

1. Babban digiri na hardar hunturu na fure-fure saboda yaduwar yanayin girma.
2. Bishiyoyi suna yin haƙuri da sanyi lokacin sanyi kuma ba su daskarewa a yanayin zafi har zuwa -28^ºC. Idan, kodayake, bishiyar ta lalace ta tsananin sanyi, sa’annan an dawo da shi cikin sauri kuma yana ci gaba da girma da ci gaba.
3. A iri-iri ne resistant ga mafi fungal da kuma hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri cututtuka na 'ya'yan itãcen dutse.
4. Babban faifai da kyawawan jigilar 'ya'yan itatuwa sun sa ya yiwu a yi amfani da su ta hanyoyi da yawa: sabo, cikin daskarewa da nau'ikan sarrafawa.
5. Rashin daidaituwa da haƙuri game da rashin haƙuri suna sa wannan nau'in mahimmancin mahimmanci yayin girma akan nau'ikan ƙasa da kowane yanayi.

'Ya'yan itatuwa na columnar suna girma kai tsaye a kan akwati, suna da launi mai ban sha'awa da dandano mai ban sha'awa. Thinaƙƙarfan kakin zuma mai laushi a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa yana ba da damar ɗaukar su ba tare da asarar gabatarwa ba

Duk nau'ikan nau'ikan ceri biyu na columnar ceri ba su pollinating ba. Don pollination, mafi kyawun nau'in sune Mara-fure Mara, Pchelnikovskaya, Kyauta zuwa St. Petersburg.

Hunturu-Hardy da sanyi-resistant iri

Thearfin hunturu na iri-iri shine ɗayan abubuwan da ke ƙayyade lokacin girma ceri plum a cikin yankin Moscow. Kuma tabbas ya kamata kula da shi, saboda lokacin sanyi lokacin sanyi yana iya haifar da daskarewa na fure-fure da kuma kwai. Mafi kyawun alamun nuna juriya ga sanyi sune iri: Vladimirskaya Comet, Kyauta zuwa St. Petersburg, Ariadna, Anastasia, Nesmeyana, Cleopatra. Irin hunturu-Hardy nau'in ceri ana samun akasarinsu ta hanyar wuce gona da iri da wasu nau'in masu alaƙa - plum na kasar Sin, wanda itace ke jure yanayin zafi har zuwa -50^ºC.

Tebur: babban fasali da halayen sanyi da hunturu Hardy irin ceri plum

Hoto a hoto: itinga varietiesan varietiesan itacen ceri da withan itacen fari

Matakan farko

Kamar yadda farkon, mutum zai iya ɗanganta nau'in cherry plum Zlato Scythians da Timiryazevskaya. Waɗannan nau'ikan, duk da bambance-bambance da dama, suna da yawa a cikin abubuwa:

• iri biyu ana bidan su a Kwalejin Aikin Noma na Moscow. K.A. Timiryazev;
• sabilar mace-mace sakamakon sakamako ne na 'yantar da ƙwayar Kuban kuma ana ba da shawarar yin namo a cikin karkara;
• tsawo na tsofaffin bishiyoyi ba ya wuce mita uku;
• Duk nau'in ceri biyu na ceri suna kasancewa a farkon farfadowa kuma suna da manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu nauyi daga 25 zuwa 40 g;
• 'ya'yan itace na yau da kullun; yawan amfanin ƙasa shine kilogiram 25-30 na kowane itace;
• itatuwa ba su da ikon suranta kansu kuma suna buƙatar tallafin masu ba da gudummawa; mafi kyawun pollinators na waɗannan nau'ikan ana ɗaukarsu hybrids Pavlovskaya rawaya, Matafiyi, Kyauta ne ga St. Petersburg;
• dukkanin nau'ikan suna da babban digiri na tsananin sanyi da rashin daidaituwa ga yanayin girma.

Itatuwan itacen tsamari na cherry Zlato Scythians suna da matukar ado a lokacin girbin

Matsakaicin horarwar matasan Zlato Scythians yana buɗe sabon tsarin ceri a cikin lambu. A ƙarshen Yuni da farkon Yuli, bishiyoyi abin kallo ne mai ban sha'awa: an rufe reshe a zahiri da gungu na manyan icya fruitsan m, tare da ƙamshin musamman da dandano mai ban mamaki. Plwararriyar Cherrywararriyar Cherrywallen Zinare na Scythians ta fito a cikin launi - 'ya'yan itace amber-rawaya suna haskakawa tare da tsabar kuɗi masu tsada a bango na tushen kore mai yawa.

Manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa na launuka daban-daban su ne "katin ziyarta" na nau'ikan Timiryazevskaya

Bishiyar Timiryazevskaya suna jan hankalin saboda 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da santsi, kamar dai wanda aka goge, farfajiyar burgundy da bangarorin ruwan hoda mai haske.Danshi mai daɗi, ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano na wannan ckin ceri yana sa ya shahara sosai a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen suke har yanzu suna ɗaure da ɗimbin bishiyoyin.

Babban bambance-bambance tsakanin nau'ikan farkon sune kamar haka:

1. A cikin Timiryazevskaya, kashi ya rabu da ɓangaren litattafan almara, a cikin Zlata na Scythians ana iya rabuwa da sauƙi.
2. Timiryazevskaya yana da kyakkyawar juriya ga cututtukan fungal, Zinare na Scythians - matsakaici.

Bidiyo: kadan game da kaddarorin amfani na ceri plum

Nasiha

A shekarar da ta gabata, an dasa Huck da mawaka na Kuban dan shekara daya, a wannan shekara sun girma cikin tashin hankali kuma suka fara. Amma Huck ya rasa dukkan ƙwayoyinsa, kuma ɗan wasan Kuban ya bar berries biyu. A ƙarshe ripened, mai dadi sosai, mai dadi kuma mai laushi, mafi yawanci an tunatar da su da peach cikakke. Ban ma yi tunanin cewa irin wannan berry dadi zai iya girma a Yankin Moscow.

Para11, Moscow

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/261664/page-59

Shekaru uku ko hudu da suka gabata, na sayi plums biyu na ceri a cikin TSHA a cikin sassan kore kore. Littlean sanduna biyu. The twigs fara girma sosai. Karshen bazara, farkon berries ya bayyana a kansu. Iri-iri - Nesmeyana da kuma Kuban comet. Tasteanɗana na berries abu ne mai ban mamaki! Apricot flavored plum! Ina matukar damuwa da wannan lokacin hunturu.

Lydia, Moscow

//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=6119

A cewar gogaggen lambu, yana yiwuwa kuma Dole a yi girma matasan ceri plum - Rashancin Rashan a cikin gari. Don dasa shukar ɗan itacen ɓawon itace kuma bayan shekaru 2-3 don ganin fruitsa ofan ayyukanta - lushly blooming a spring da ceri plum itace sun rataye tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke a lokacin rani. Kawai gwada wuya!