Clerodendrum ɗan itacen liana ne mai daɗaɗɗiya ko itace mai yaduwa cikin dangin Verbena. A cikin yanayin halitta, an samo shi a Asiya, Afirka da Latin Amurka, galibi a cikin yanki mai zafi. Masu fulawa sau da yawa suna kiran tsirran "rufin amarya", "ƙauna mara laifi", "itacen ƙaddara" ko valcameria. Kodayake a al'adar clerodendrum, na dogon lokaci, a cikin ciyawar gida ana samun shahara kawai, amma ana yin hakan ne a hanzari. Tuni a yau, shagunan fure da yawa suna gabatar da nau'ikan iri. Koyaya, saboda haka bayan sayan fure ba tare da kunci ba, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dacewa don ita.
Bayanin Shuka
Clerodendrum asalin halittar gwal ne ko tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin tsire-tsire tare da tsire-tsire masu tsayi har zuwa tsayi 4. M Inabi sun yi nasara a tsakanin tsaran rayuwa, amma ana samun bishiyoyi da tsirrai. Ana rufe mai tushe da launin zaitun mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. A kansu gabanin ganye ne mai sauƙi na fure mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi. Zuciyar da ke kama da ciki, m ko wadda ba ta iya fita tare da gefuna ko kyakkyawa da yadudduka sun girma cikin tsayin 12-20 cm. Farin ciki tare da tsakiyar jijiyoyi da na kusoshi a bayyane suke a bayyane.
A fi na harbe da kuma a cikin ganye sinuses ne corymbose ko paniculate inflorescences, kunshi kananan, amma kyau furanni. Suna girma akan tsayi da tsayi kuma suna kama da abubuwan ban mamaki. An rarraba karar-mai dauke da kararrawa zuwa sassa 5. Zurfin sa ya kai mm 25. Daga nan sai ya biyo bayan wata kyakkyawar Corolla ta inuwa mai ban mamaki, da kuma yalwar tsayi (har zuwa 3 cm) daskararru na bakin ciki ke fita daga tsakiyar ta.
Fulawa ta ci gaba daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa farkon faduwa. Bracts galibi suna da wuta ko kuma fararen launi mai kyau, kuma a cikin launikan fure suna samun ruwan hoda, lilac ko launin shuɗi. Itaciyar fure mai tsami tana da daɗin ƙanshi mai daɗi. Hakanan yana fitowa daga ganyayyaki. Haka kuma, kowane nau'in shuka yana da kamshi na musamman. Corollas yana yin sanyi fiye da ƙarfe.
Bayan pollination, 'ya'yan itaciyar ƙwaya mai daɗin ɗanɗano ta bayyana. Tsawonsu ya kai cm 1. A cikin ƙwayayen kaɗai ke ɓoye.
Nau'in Klerodendrum
Gaba ɗaya, fiye da nau'ikan 300 suna rijista a cikin asalin, amma ba a amfani da yawa a cikin floriculture na cikin gida.
Clerodendrum na Madame Thompson (Thompson). Mafi mashahuri nau'in itace liana mai lalacewa mai laushi tare da harbe, mai santsi. Lianya mai haske na launi mai duhu mai duhu ya girma zuwa 12 cm a tsayi. Farantin ganye ya kumbura a tsakanin jijiyoyin jiki ba tare da nuna ƙarshen komai ba. A Maris-Yuni, sako-sako da goge a kan dogon peduncles tashi sama da ciyayi. Ban fararen ƙarfe-kamar fararen fata suna kewaye da kananan budsan fari. Dogayen fari ko kirim suna tsinkaye daga tsakiya. A waje, furen yana da kama sosai da asu da dogon eriya.
Clerodendrum Uganda. Itaciyar zazzabi mai tasowa tana girma har zuwa 2 m a tsawon. An rufe su da m-lanceolate duhu kore ganye, tsakanin abin da sako-sako da panicles girma tare da ruwan hoda-m kananan furanni. Halin kan waɗannan launuka yana da tsayi da zane mai shuɗi. Alaramar ƙananan itace tana faɗaɗa, tana da inuwa mai duhu. A iri-iri na bukatar haske da kuma yalwatacce watering.
Clerodendrum m. Evergreen shrub tare da doguwar curly mai tushe. Ganyayyaki a kai ya girma gaba ɗaya ko a cikin guda 3 na guda. Farantin kwanon da ke da kusan zagaye ya kai cm 8 a tsayi kuma 6 cm a faɗi. Gefen ganye suna murɗa wuta, gindi yana kama da zuciya. Shortarancin faya-faye tare da dassels mai launin shuɗi-ja buds girma daga sinuses na foliage. A cikin yanayi mai kyau, blooms duk shekara.
Clerodendrum Wallich (Prospero). A dogayen dogayen reshe mai launin shuɗi-kore, manyan ganye mai launin shuɗi duhu-girma. Tsawon su 5 cm cm Tsakanin su manyan inflorescences suna fure tare da furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara-fari. Daji da kanta ne m, amma moro. Yana buƙatar tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana da zafi mai zafi.
Clerodendrum Filipino. Yawancin, wanda har yanzu ba kasafai yake ga ƙasarmu ba, ana saninsa da tsananin ƙanshin furanni, wanda aka haɗa abubuwan rubutu na vanilla da jasmine. Da maraice, warin yana ƙaruwa. Darancin corymbose mai yawa na fure akan fure mai zurfi. 'Ya'yan fure sunyi kama da kankanin (har zuwa 3 cm a diamita) wardi. Faifin daya inflorescence ya kai 20 cm, don haka da gaske yayi kama da bouquet. Abubuwan harbi an rufe su da ruwan kore mai duhu mai duhu mai kauri. Fulawa ya fara a shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa.
Clerodendrum bunge. Yawan Sinawa suna girma musamman sauri. A shuka tsiro haske kore sosai m o ganye, wanda aka tattara a cikin whorls. Kyawawan na sihiri inflorescences daga kananan ruwan hoda buds Bloom a kan mai tushe. Daga nesa, fure take kamar aikin wuta. Ana yawo a duk lokacin bazara.
Clerodendrum Specosum (ya fi kyau kyau). A daji mai rarrafe har zuwa 3 m high ƙunshi branched tetrahedral harbe. Wannan itace da aka dasa kullun an rufe shi da manyan ganye a siffar zuciya tare da gajeren laushi mai laushi. Suna girma akan launin ja. Daga Yuni zuwa Satumba, inflorescences mai launin shuɗi tare da duhu, Lilac-ja corolla mai farin ciki.
Clerodendrum inerme (mara amfani). An dasa bishiyar koren daji mai dorewa tare da dogayen vines tare da ganyen emerald mai kyau tare da jijiya ta tsakiya. Yana fure cikin fararen, asu-fure kamar fure tare da doguwar shunayya. Daban-daban iri daban-daban suna da ban sha'awa. An rarrabe ta mai haske (koren haske) a jikin ganye, wanda ya haifar da tsarin marmara mai farin ciki.
Clerodendrum Schmidt. Ana bambanta ɗan itace ko ƙaramin itace ta hanyar yalwar harbe da ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗi mai haske tare da wavy gefen. A lokacin furanni, yawancin gogewa suna farawa akan shinge. Suna ɗaukar furanni masu dusar kankara-fari. Suna fitar da ƙanshin kamshi mai daɗi.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Clerodendrum yana yaduwa daidai gwargwado ta tsaba da ƙwaya. Shuka tsaba yawanci ana yin sa ne yayin da babu wata hanyar da za'a samu itace. Ana amfani da akwatunan m tare da cakuda yashi da peat tare da ƙasa turf. Yin shi mafi kyau a ƙarshen hunturu. Akwatin an rufe shi da tsare kuma a bar shi a cikin ɗaki mai dumi tare da ingantaccen haske. Ya kamata a cire fure a cikin kullun kuma ya fesa ƙasa. 1.5-2 watanni zasu wuce kafin harbe-harbe na farko sun bayyana. Lokacin da seedlings suka girma ganye 4, an daskare su cikin tukwane daban. Yawancin lokaci, ana sanya tsire-tsire 1-3 a cikin tukunya tare da diamita na 6 cm cm 6. Bayan daidaitawa, seedlings zai yi saurin girma.
Idan kun sami nasarar samar da mafi kyawun ɓawon ɓoye tare da ƙarar 2-3, to, an fara saka shi cikin ruwa tare da ƙari na carbon da aka kunna. Yankan yankuna suna haɓaka mafi kyau yayin Maris-Yuli. Tare da bayyanar ƙananan fararen Tushen, ana motsa tsire-tsire a cikin ƙananan tukwane. Da farko an rufe su da kwalban filastik ko za su iya. Bayan an daidaita shi, ana aiwatar da kwanciyar hankali a cikin manyan kwantena. Don samun bushes, bushes ya kamata a pinched sau da yawa.
Sirrin Kulawa
A gida, babban matsala a cikin kulawa da clerodendrum shine ƙirƙirar yanayi mai gamsarwa waɗanda ke da kusanci da halitta.
Haske Dankin yana ƙaunar hasken da ke watsa mai tsawon sa'o'i 12-14 a kowace rana. Ana iya sanya shi mai zurfi a cikin dakin kudu ko a kan taga na yamma (yamma). A tsakar rana, ana buƙatar shading. A kan taga na arewa mai haske, alkalin bai isa ba kuma dole ne a yi amfani da phytolamps. Ba tare da shi ba, furanni ba za su iya jira ba.
Zazzabi Clerodendrum yana nufin tsirrai tare da ayyukanta lokacin sanyi. Daga watan Afrilu zuwa Nuwamba, yawan zafin jiki na iska shine + 20 ... + 25 ° C. A kan kwanakin zafi sosai, kuna buƙatar bar iska ta fi yawa sau ɗaya ko sanya fure a cikin iska, amma kare shi daga magudanan. A cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar samar da shuka tare da abun ciki mai sanyi (kimanin + 15 ° C).
Haushi. Babban zafi yana da mahimmanci ga shuka. Ya kamata a fesa sau da yawa a rana, a kai a kai a yi wanka a goge ganyen tare da dattin zane. Don tsarin ruwa, ana amfani da tsabtataccen ruwa, tsaftataccen ruwa don ƙashin ƙugu basa bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki. A cikin hunturu, yakamata a sanya clerodendrum kamar yadda zai yiwu daga radiators.
Watse. Furannin cikin gida suna buƙatar na yau da kullun, amma matsakaici matsakaici. A wani lokaci, ana saka karamin yanki na ruwa mai laushi a ɗakin zafin jiki a cikin ƙasa. A cikin bazara da bazara, kawai babban ya kamata bushe fitar. A cikin hunturu, an yarda ƙasar ta bushe rabin, amma babu ƙari.
Taki. Clerodendrum yana hadi daga Maris zuwa fure sau uku a wata. Maganin takin gargajiya mai hadaddun da aka shirya don ciyawar fure yana zuba a cikin ƙasa.
Juyawa Tushen tsarin tsabtataccen abu ne mai ƙarancin gaske, don haka ana aiwatar da juyawa ta hanyar hanyar isar da saƙo. Don tushen rhizome, ana buƙatar tukunya mai zurfi. A kasan akwai dunƙule 4-5 cm wanda aka yi da guntattukan bulo mai jujjuya, lebba ko yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa. Isasa ta ƙunshi:
- takarda ƙasa;
- yumbu ƙasa;
- kogin kogi;
- peat.
Mai jan tsami. Ko da a cikin yanayin ɗakin, shuka zai iya isa masu girma dabam. An yi sa'a, yana yin haƙuri da pruning sosai kuma yana iya ɗaukar kowane nau'i (daji, itace ko itacen inabi mai tsami). A cikin bazara, yanke zuwa na uku na tsawon da mai tushe da tsunkule da tukwici na sprouts. Amfanin pruning shima furanni yayi fure akan harbe. Sakamakon abu ne dace don amfani da itace.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Clerodendrum yana da ingantaccen rigakafi kuma yana da matuƙar wuya, tare da kulawa mara kyau, yana fama da cututtukan fungal. Sauran cututtukan ba su tsoron shi.
Daga cikin parasites, shuka ne da gizo-gizo mite da whitefly. Mafi sau da yawa, kwari sukanyi sa’ad da iska ta bushe sosai. Magungunan kwari na zamani zasu taimaka kawar da su cikin sauri. Ana aiwatar da aiwatarwa a cikin batutuwan sau 2-3 tare da tazara na kwanaki 4-7.
Wasu lokuta bayyanar clerodendrum ya zama mara gamsuwa saboda kurakurai cikin kulawa:
- ganye ya juya launin rawaya da wilted - isasshen ruwa;
- launin ruwan kasa mai haske a kan ganye - kunar rana a jiki;
- ganye ya bushe daga gefen kuma fadi tare da buds - iska ta bushe sosai;
- internodes sun yi tsayi da yawa, kuma danda harbe - rashin haske.
Wasu lokuta masu girbi na fure ba zasu iya jira m buds a kan clerodendrum na dogon lokaci. Rashin fure yawanci ana danganta shi da yanayin da ba a shirya shi ba (lokacin hunturu mai zafi). Hakanan, rashin takin mai magani ko wuce haddi na nitrogen na iya zama matsala. Abin sani kawai Dole a watsa fure a cikin ƙasa madaidaiciya, kuma adana shi a cikin hunturu na wasu watanni a zazzabi na + 12 ... + 15 ° C kuma a farkon bazara farkon buds zai zama sananne.
