Kowane lambu mai shuka wanda ke tsiro tumatir a cikin greenhouse ya fuskanci cututtuka. Amma, da rashin alheri, mutane da yawa ba su san yadda za su bincikar cututtuka da raunuka daidai ba, sannan kuma suyi magunguna. A cikin wannan labarin za mu dubi matsalolin mafi yawan jama'a, da kuma mafita.
Gwaro Tumatir
A gaskiya ma, bayyanar ɓarna a kan ɓacin tumatir ba alama ce ta cutar ba, amma sakamakon rashin girma kayan lambu. Duk da haka, 'ya'yan itace masu fashewa suna da kwayar cutar ta musamman a cikin greenhouse. Ta hanyar wadannan ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtuka da fungi sun shiga cikin shuka. Dalilin fashewa:
- overheating na kayan lambu,
- M yawan watering cewa ja ruwa ma'adanai daga ƙasa;
- yin amfani da ruwa a busasshiyar ƙasa lokacin da ruwa ya kara yawan matsalolin ciki a cikin kayan lambu, kuma ya ragu;
- kinks a cikin yaki da bushiness;
- rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki, wata alama ce ta launin rawaya kuma ta mutu daga launi;
- overdose da takin mai magani, musamman nitrogenous.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dogaro da yawan takin mai magani ya kamata a shafe shi da ruwa daidai da umarnin akan lakabin su.
Don hana irin wannan cuta, tumatir, musamman waɗanda girma a cikin polycarbonate greenhouses, Kula da wadannan sharuɗɗa:- Zabi nau'in unpretentious zuwa watering.
- Kare tsire-tsire daga rana mai ƙanshi tare da gyangyaɗi masu rarraba, a jefa su a kan gine-gine, ko jelly mai lemun tsami, su rufe su da gefen gilashi.
- Ka lura da daidaituwa na matsakaicin watering, musamman ma a farkon ripening kayan lambu. Tsayar da su akai-akai ya dogara ne da lakaran ƙasa, wanda, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, yanayin yanayi ya rinjayi. A cikin zafi, ruwa a safiya ko maraice da yamma, kuma a cikin sanyi yana da kyau ga ruwa da rana.
- Yi watsi da "lambun dumi" a kai a kai, musamman ma a yanayin zafi, samar da takarda a kan kwanakin kwantar da hankula, ko kuma bude kawai "leeward" amma a ranar iska.
Cututtuka na Fungal
Abokan baƙi marar sauƙi a greenhouses inda tumatir sun girma ne fungi, da kuma yaki da cututtuka da suke jawo buƙatar tsarin kulawa.
Don kare tumatir daga cututtuka, ana amfani dasu masu amfani da kwayoyi: Kvadris, Ridomil Gold, Thanos, Tiovit Jet, Strobe, Fitolavin, Skor, Acrobat MC, Ordan, Previkur Energy "," Antrakol "," Fitosporin-M ", Fundazol".
Yawancin lokaci cinyewar fungi ya shiga cikin raunuka ko cikin cikin kayan lambu na kayan lambu, nan da nan ya mamaye su. Wannan kuma yana taimakawa wajen wuce kima sosai.
Late Blight
Rigar lahira shine mafi yawan cututtuka na shuka. Babban zafi da zafin jiki na matuƙar ƙaunar abin da ya faru.
Koyi game da yadda za a aiwatar da wani gine-gine da aka yi da polycarbonate daga phytophthora.
Cutar cututtuka na marigayi Blight:
- bayyanar launin baƙar fata ko launin ruwan kasa tare da furen arachnoid, wanda da sauri rufe dukkanin ganye, bayan haka ya bushe ya mutu;
- bayyanar spots a kan berries.
Shin kuna sani? 'Yan Botanists suna rarraba tumatir a matsayin berries, kuma su dafa suna daukan su kamar kayan lambu.Rigakafin cututtuka: kulawa da kyau a ƙarƙashin tushen (yana yiwuwa ta hanyar PET kwalabe tare da gefe na kasa da kuma bude gefen, wanda aka kusa kusa da mai tushe), a yayinda ake yaduwa tare da magani na madara maras sani ko madarar magunguna.
Gishiri mai laushi
Dalili don ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta - ruwan sama mai sanyi, rashin iska mai iska.
Cutar cututtuka:
- da samuwar launin toka a kan furanni da furanni;
- Abun daji na farko sun bushe, sa'an nan kuma lizlye, a cikin lokutan awa (yawanci a daren) ya shafi dukan daji a cikin nau'in launin toka.
Launuka ne daban-daban raunuka. 
Rigakafin kamuwa da cuta:
- rike da zafi a cikin "lambun da aka rufe", da kuma yin iska don rage yawan iska da ƙasa;
- Ana gudanar da kayan aikin gona a bushe, yanayin kwanciyar hankali da safe, saboda raunuka za su iya warkar da dare.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ka tuna cewa masu launin launin toka suna ci gaba da yin amfani da su biyu (!) Yau.
Brown tabo
Kwayoyin cututtuka na cladosporia (wanda ake kira launin ruwan kasa) suna fitowa da hankali. Da farko, siffofin rawaya sun bayyana a gefen sama na foliage, wanda, girma, shiga cikin babban wuri; Ƙananan gefen ganye an rufe shi da karamar launin ruwan kasa, daji na naman gwari.
Tsarin ya ƙare tare da karkatarwa da bushewa. Wannan cuta ta bayyana a lokacin tumakin tumatir (musamman idan sun girma a cikin greenhouse) ko kuma samuwar ovary da kuma shimfidawa daga ƙasa zuwa sama.
Rashin kamuwa da farko shine mafi haɗari, tun lokacin dogon rana da matsanancin zafi, wanda ya zama wajibi ne ga matasa, don taimaka wa ci gaban naman gwari. Ana amfani da berries sosai, amma idan wannan ya faru, sun zama launin ruwan kasa da kuma taushi, a hankali suna bushewa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ƙunƙasa masu launi na Brown: dampness, matsananciyar zafin jiki, ciki har da ruwan sha da ruwan sanyi.Jiyya:
- kafin magani, cire kayan da aka shafa sannan kuma yayyafa (musamman a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren daji) tare da mafitaccen bayani na madara da aidin (15 saukad da iodine da gilashin madara biyu na madara da guga guga na ruwa);
- spraying da shuka da watering da ƙasa tare da aidin chloride bayani (40 saukad da na aidin da biyu tablespoons na potassium chloride da guga na ruwa);
- yin amfani da furotin masu fuka-fuka ko jan karfe sulfate.
Yin gwagwarmaya:
- na yau da kullum, madaidaici spraying tumatir a cikin greenhouse tare da kodadde ruwan hoda bayani na potassium permanganate da ash decoction (biyu gilashin ash da ruwa guga);
- spraying tare da rauni bayani (1:10) na whey.
Fusarium
Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin cututtuka na tumatir ganye da aka horar da a cikin greenhouse. Naman gwari wanda yake haifar da wannan cututtukan a cikin zafi, musamman ma idan aka raunana seedlings saboda mummunan darajar farashin ƙasa, kuma akwai sauyawa canji na ruwan sama da kuma zafi a lokacin barci sanyi. Jirgin ruwa mai girma, "karimci" mafi girma dressing, ƙara ƙasa ƙasa ko, a cikin wasu, rashin watering, tsawon dare, da kuma rashin haske lighthouse green favor da haifuwa daga naman gwari.
Hanyoyin cututtuka na Fusarium Wilt:
- deformation na primordial mai tushe;
- yellowing, bushewa, da kuma mummunan ƙarancin ƙananan bene na foliage;
- Wilting dukan daji.
Abin takaici, idan Fusarium ya shafi kayan lambu, ba zai yiwu a warkar da shi ba, tun da naman gwari yayi girma a cikin kyallenta na ciki. Ya rage kawai don tara wani daji da ƙone.Fusarium Rigakafin:
- mop-up a cikin fall;
- mai zurfi da tsabtace ƙasa kafin shuka ko dasa shuki;
- Tsarin cututtuka da furotin;
- pasynkovanie tsabta kayan aiki;
- kullum hilling
Macroscopic
Macrosporia shine launin ruwan kasa ko busassun bushe wanda ke shafar ganye da kuma mai tushe, kuma wani lokacin ma 'ya'yan itace. Ya shimfiɗa daga kasa zuwa sama: ƙananan launuka masu launin ruwan kasa suna fitowa a kan bishiyoyi, wanda ya yi girma da sauri, sannan bayan da rassan ya bushe. A kan kara, irin waɗannan aibobi (oval) suna haifar da juyawa da faduwa.
A kan 'ya'yan itace, yawancin maɗaurar, akwai ƙuƙuka masu duhu, a saman abin da aka kafa ƙwallon ƙaƙa mai duhu - ƙurar naman gwari. Yanayi mafi kyau don ci gaban cutar: zafi (+ 25 + +30 ° C) da kuma zafi mai zafi. Spores ya ci gaba da kasancewar tsire-tsire da kuma ɗakin da ke cikin ɗakin kuma ya yada tare da iska ya saukad da condensate.
Shin kuna sani? Broth sanya daga sharan gona na tumatir mai tushe ne mai guba ga kwari, kwari da sauran albarkatu. Alal misali, idan wannan ƙwayar kwari ya yada bishiyoyi masu amfani da bishiyoyi, za su dawo da sauri. Wannan wani tasiri ne mai sauƙi kuma mai sauƙi don janyo shan taba.
Rigakafin: - iri disinfection kafin shuka;
- kafin bayyanuwar ovaries, jiyya na bushes tare da jan ƙarfe-dauke da fungicides;
- musanya albarkatun gona a cikin wani gine-gine, wanda bai kamata ya shiga salama ba da kuma kabeji;
- lalacewa cikakke na sharan gona;
- hadi tare da takin mai magani.
Jiyya: kafin a fara farawa - magani tare da kwayoyi marasa amfani, da kuma a wasu lokuta - tare da shirye-shiryen halittu. Ana yin maimaitawa a kowane mako biyu a kalla sau uku a kowace kakar.
Alternaria
Wannan cututtuka tana nuna kanta a cikin nau'i na bushe, launin ruwan kasa (ko baƙar fata) a kan ganye da kuma mai tushe, yatsunsa a cikin yanki suna rufe da gashin zaitun, kuma ya mutu.
Naman gwari, yin kwantar da hankali a kan rassan shuka ko a kan tsaba, ya shiga cikin ovary a cikin bazara kuma yana tasowa a cikin tayin a duk lokacin kakar, ya juya zuciyarta a cikin jigon.
Yana da muhimmanci! Yanayi da ke jawo Ƙari: yanayi mai dumi da kuma lalacewa na injiniya da aka lalace a lokacin magani, da kuma sauran cututtuka.
Gyara Sauyawa:- zurfin digging na ƙasa a cikin fall;
- iri disinfection kafin shuka;
- ganowa a lokaci na bayyanar cututtuka a farkon ci gaba da kuma yaduwa fungicides sau uku a wata;
- lalata ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin kwari (cicadas, ticks, aphids, da dai sauransu);
- a lokacin girbi da halakar da abin ya shafa alamun.
Vertex Rot
- Wannan pathology ba cutar bane. Wannan mummunan cuta ne wanda aka lalacewa ta hanyar kulawa da matalauta: wanda bai bi ka'ida ko doka ba;
- a farkon kakar girma, ƙwayoyin allurar (a cikin kayan lambu, amma ba a cikin ƙasa), ta hanyar wuce haddi a cikin greenhouse;
- shuke-shuke overfeeding tare da nitrogen.
Damage yana rinjayar kawai berries - suna da ƙananan baki a ƙasa, wanda ƙarshe ya zama ruwa, ƙãra girman kuma fara rot. Halin na ƙarshe yana da hatsarin gaske domin rot zai iya buƙatar "makwabta" lafiya.
Abin takaici, kayan lambu da aka rinjaye ba za a iya warkewa ba - suna buƙatar cirewa da jefa su. Amma zaka iya hana wannan cin zarafi. 
Rigakafin:
- a lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings, kara zuwa ga rijiyoyi da cakuda albasa albasa da kuma bawo da shredded, sannan daga bisani - takarda tare da kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta dauke da alli (crushed eggshell, ash, da dai sauransu) ko sunadarai (allurar nitrate);
- spraying da ovary da unripe berries tare da 1% alli nitrate bayani;
- ƙirƙirar microclimate mai lafiya a cikin wani gine-gine, tare da ƙasa mai laushi, rashin hauhawar jiki da samun damar yin amfani da iska sau da yawa.
Tushen tushen
Fungi da ke haifar da lalacewa - lalacewa ga asalinsu da ƙananan ƙuƙumma, shiga cikin tsire-tsire daga ƙasa kuma a ci gaba da hanzari tare da rage yawan watering. A cikin ayyukan aikin gona marasa ilimi, cutar za ta iya fitowa daga germination da cigaba a cikin dukan girma na shuka.
Tare da raunuka masu lalacewa, blackening (browning) da canje-canje a cikin rubutun daga tushensu da wuyõyinsu (farin ciki "karammiski" shafi), kazalika da lalata da faduwa, ana kiyaye su. A cikin tsire-tsire, wani tutar yana bayyana a cikin bishiyoyi, kuma a cikin tsofaffin tsire-tsire, a ƙarƙashin ganyen gashi na farko, mai tushe sau da yawa yana hawaye daga ƙasa, tun da tushen bai inganta tushen layi ba.
Idan tushen sun rigaya kamuwa da cutar, to dole ne a cire gandun daji tare da clox earthy - ba zai yiwu a magance wannan cuta ba. 
Tushen Rot Gargadi:
- kasar gona;
- disinfection na cakuda seedling;
- Seed dressing kafin shuka;
- Biyaya da tsarin rani (kawai ƙasa ta bushe);
- fungicide ban ruwa;
- gyare-gyare ƙasa da kuma aeration.
Gano yanar gizo da sauri
Daga cututtukan cututtuka da suka shafi tumatir girma a cikin greenhouse, ya kamata a lura da taba mosaic da strick.
Mosaic
Lokacin da cutar mosaic taba ta kamu da ita, ana "fentin" launin kayan lambu a cikin tsalle-tsire masu launin kore. Lokaci-lokaci, spots na rawaya suna bayyana akan 'ya'yan itace. Girman daji yana raguwa, rassan ya zama rudurwa da curls. Sauke kayan lambu yana yiwuwa, amma basu da m.
Yana da muhimmanci! Babban ma'anar "m" don mosaic taba: shuka da kwayar cutar; rayuwa a cikin wani greenhouse na tsikadok, ticks, aphids da sauran kwari, yan dako na cututtuka; inganci lalacewa ga tushen da mai tushe saboda rashin kula da tsire-tsire.Abin baƙin ciki shine, kwayoyin antiviral don tumatir ba a cigaba ba, don haka ya rage kawai don cirewa daga cikin gado tare da tushen da kuma ƙone shi. Kuma don kauce wa wannan matsala, kana bukatar ka gargadi ta.
Matakan da za a magance cututtuka na kyamaran tumatir a lokacin da suke noma a cikin greenhouse:
- disinfection na tsaba, da kuma kayan lambu namo;
- lalata kwari, masu ɗaukar kamuwa da cuta;
- Tsarin gine-gine (kaka ko spring);
- lalata tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire bayan girbi, zurfin noma da steaming na kasar gona a spring, kafin dasa shuki.
Tumatir Strick
Strick yana rinjayar da ɓangaren ɓangaren daji, yana bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na launin ruwan kasa, wanda ƙarshe ya bushe. Kwayoyin petioles sun zama masu rauni, kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa suna lalata tare da furrows. Tare da raunuka masu mahimmanci sun haɗu, kuma rukuni sun lalace kuma sun faɗi; An raunana bushes kuma za su iya mutuwa.
Sanadin cututtuka sun kasance daidai da mosaic: tsotsa kwari, mites da kayan aiki marasa tsabta. Haka kuma ba zai iya yiwuwa a bi da gudana ba tukuna - zaka iya kawai, ko a'a, cire ƙwayoyin cutar. 
Rigakafin kamuwa da cuta:
- sako kauyen;
- lalata kwari da kwari (kwari mai kwari);
- cike da zazzabi da zafi, disinfecting tsaba kafin dasa, da kayan aikin namo, sauyawa shekara na saman Layer na duniya (tare da spade bayonet);
- spraying da seedlings tare da bayani na boric acid kamar 'yan kwanaki kafin dasa, da kuma watering kasar gona tare da 2% potassium permanganate bayani.
Rigakafin shine hanya mafi kyau don kauce wa cututtuka na seedlings tumatir, sannan kuma ba'a buƙaci magani. Sai kawai tunani kafin dasa shuki tumatir da kulawa da hankali a duk lokacin kakar zai ba su damar kula da lafiyarsu da girbi girbi mai yawa a cikin fall.
