M, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari tangerine mai ɗamara sosai mai daushin alama ce da ba makawa da muhimmanci ga bikin Sabuwar Sabuwar Rasha. Wannan shine ɗayan 'ya'yan itacen Citrus gama gari, wanda aka yaɗa cikin ƙasashe masu yanayin ƙasa. Treesanan ƙaramin itace Tangerine suma sun shahara kamar tsire-tsire na cikin gida na ado.
Menene tangerines kuma a ina suke girma
Mandarin bishiyar itacen da ba a taɓa gani ba daga rukunin Citrus, wanda shine ɓangaren tushen dangi. Yawancin lokaci yana girma a cikin nau'i na itace mai mita mita 2-4 a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa ko mita 1-1.5 a cikin al'adun ɗakin da ke daure a ciki, wani lokacin yana ɗaukar hoto mai laushi.
Ana girma bishiyoyin Mandarin a cikin ƙasashe masu mahimmanci a matsayin amfanin gona mai mahimmanci.
Mandarin ya samo asali ne daga kudu maso gabashin Asiya, inda aka noma shi shekaru da yawa da suka gabata kuma ba a samun shi cikin daji. A zamanin yau, tsiron Tangerine ya zama ruwan dare a duk ƙasashe na yankin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa.
'Ya'yan italiyan Tangerine sun yi girma a farkon bazara, kuma' ya'yan itatuwa sun girma a cikin hunturu
Tangerines ta haɗu a hankali sosai, daga fure zuwa 'ya'yan itaciyar da ake ɗinkawa na ɗaukar watanni 8-10. A kan tsire-tsire na masana'antu, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kai kilo 30-50 na 'ya'yan itace daga bishiya ɗaya. A cikin canjin yanayin ƙasa, bishiyoyin tangerine suna yin fure a cikin bazara daga Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu, amfanin gona ya farfado a watan Nuwamba - Disamba. A cikin wurare masu zafi, an sami fure mai yawa a cikin shekara.
Furanni Mandarin na iya saita 'ya'yan itace ba tare da yin fure ba.
Furannin Mandarin a sauƙaƙe suna samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa marasa ƙwaya ba tare da yin pollination ba, musamman a cikin nau'ikan ƙungiyar unshiu, saboda haka itace guda ɗaya na iya bada fruita fruitan itace.
Itacen daji Tangerine yana tsayayya da ɗan gajeren lokacin sanyi har zuwa -8 ° C
Daga dukkan albarkatun Citrus, mandarin shine mafi tsananin sanyi. Mafi yawan nau'ikan tangerines masu sanyi-suna jure yanayin-gajere zuwa -8 ° C.
Tekun Bahar Rum na Caucasus shine yankin arewacin lardin arewa na al'adun masana'antu na mandarin.
Daban-daban na tangerines
Mandarin yana da nau'ikan iri da iri, daga cikinsu akwai mafi shahararrun su ne mandarins na Maroccan (Tangerines) da kuma mandarins na Japan.
Tangerines - Tangerines na Maroko
Harshen Mandarins na irin wannan sun fara ne a Maroko. Ana nuna su da wani nau'in zagaye, launi mai haske mai haske-orange mai haske da dandano mai dadi tare da kusan babu acid. Tangerines suna girma a cikin Sin, Amurka, Kudancin Turai da Arewacin Afirka.
Tangerines Rum ta samo asali ne daga nau'ikan Maroccan
Mandarin Jafananci unshiu
Yawancin mandarin Jafananci na Jafananci na Unshiu suna nunawa ta hanyar mara amfani, fewan kaɗan ko babu tsaba, launi mai haske mai launin rawaya-mai haske, dandano mai daɗi da ɗanɗano, da kuma ƙara juriya. Arean nau'o'in wannan nau'in suna girma cikin Japan da Caucasus.
Yawancin nau'ikan unshiu sun hada da yawancin nau'in mandarin na cikin gida da duk Rasha, Abkhazian da nau'in masana'antu na Georgia.
Unshiu Mandarin yana girma a Japan da Caucasus
A cikin hunturu, manyan kantunan Rasha sun yawaita a cikin 'ya'yan itaciyar na Moroccan da Abkhaz mandarins, waɗanda suke da sauƙin rarrabe koda da bayyanar su akan kantunan.
Menene banbanci tsakanin Marocan da Abkhaz tangerines - tebur
| Abubuwan fasali | Moroccan Tangerines - Tangerines | Abkhaz tangerines kamar unshiu |
| 'Ya'yan itace canza launi | Haske mai ruwan hoda mai haske | Gyara launin ruwan rawaya mai haske |
| Tsarin 'ya'yan itace | Zagaye ko kusan zagaye | M flattened |
| Ku ɗanɗani ɗanɗano | Dadi da ƙarancin acidity | Mai daɗi da ɗanɗano, da ɗanda aka ɗanɗanar da waɗanda aka kula sosai |
| 'Ya'yan itace | Kusan koyaushe ba a cikin tangible yawa. | M sosai |
| Kwasfa | Sosai bakin ciki, kusa da lobules, amma sauƙi ware | M, kuma sako-sako, sau da yawa lags a baya daga lobules, forming iska kogo |
Yadda Tangerines ke girma a Georgia, Abkhazia da Russia
A cikin Tekun Bahar Maliya na Georgia, Abkhazia da Krasnodar Territory na Rasha, a cikin kusancin Sochi da Adler, mandarin muhimmin al'ada ne na kasuwanci. Itace-zangar Mandarin a cikin filin ƙasa suna mamaye yankuna masu faɗi anan. Bishiyoyi suna yin fure a cikin Maris - Afrilu, da kuma tangerine amfanin gona ripens a watan Nuwamba - Disamba.
A tekun Bahar Maliya, amfanin gona na tangerines ya tsiro a watan Nuwamba - Disamba
A wannan yankin, galibi nau'in kiwo na gida, waɗanda aka kirkira a zamanin Soviet akan asalin unarinu mandarins da aka shigo da su daga Japan, yanzu sun girma.
Yaya tarin tangerines a Abkhazia - bidiyo
Dama dama na bunkasa tangerines a cikin Crimea
Kokarin ƙoƙarin karɓar Mandarin a cikin Crimea ya daɗe yana gudana, amma ba tare da cin nasara mai yawa ba. Babu filayen masana'antar Mandarin masana'antu a cikin ƙasa a fili a kan yankin Crimea kuma ba'a tsammanin su a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. A cikin lambu mai son Crimean, tangerine ke tsiro kuma yana bada 'ya'ya kawai a cikin al'adun murfin. Don kare bishiyoyin tangerine daga hunturu, suna amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- Tare da farko na hunturu, zaku iya tanƙwara tsire-tsire zuwa ƙasa, latsa su da baka ko ƙugiya kuma ku rufe su da rassan spruce ko agrofibre mai numfashi. Wannan ita ce mafi sauki kuma mafi araha.
Tsari tare da lapnik da agrofibre - hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi arha
- Al'adar Tirinjiya hanya ce mai fa'ida, amma mai matukar aiki da tsada. Shuke-shuke ana shuka su a cikin shirye-shiryen shinge na zurfin mita, wanda don lokacin hunturu an rufe shi daga sama tare da allon da maɗaukakin itace.
Al'adar tare mahara ita ce hanya mafi dogaro don kare kai daga sanyi
- Kyakkyawan greenhouse mara laushi wanda aka yi da gilashi ko polycarbonate a Crimea ya isa sosai ga yadda ake yin bishiyun tangerine. Ganyen shinkafa na iya zama mai dindindin ko mai ɗorewa, tattara kawai don hunturu.
Tsarin kore na polycarbonate na iya zama dindindin ko rugujewa
Farfadowa daga Mandarin da shekarun farkon fruiting
Tangerines suna yaduwa ta zuriya ko grafting akan seedlings na kowane nau'in albarkatun Citrus. Karancin Mandarin a zahiri ba zai dauki tushe ba koda lokacin amfani da tushen tsattsauran zamani. Yana da matukar wahala a dasa ta hanyar samarda iska, wasu lokuta ana amfani dasu ga wasu nau'ikan citrus. Farkon furanni da 'ya'yan itace na shuka yana faruwa ne a cikin shekaru 5-7, kuma a cikin tsire-tsire masu ƙyalƙyali bayan shekaru 2-3.
Prickly deciduous trifoliate - wadataccen-sanyi jari don Tangerine a bude ƙasa
A cikin Subtropics na Tekun Bahar Maliya, trifoliate galibi ana amfani dashi azaman kayan jari don mandarin - kawai nau'in ƙwayayen citrus. Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire sun fi sanyi-tsayayya a cikin filin budewa kuma ana sayar da su sau da yawa a cikin kasuwannin biranen kudanci, amma ba a cika dacewa da al'adun cikin gida ba saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin hunturu trifoliate ya shiga cikin yanayin haƙo mai zurfi.
Yadda ake shuka tangerine a gida
Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce samun itacen tangerine daga tsaba, ya fi kyau daga shuka da aka girma a cikin ɗakin, amma talakawa da aka sayi tangerines daga shagon za su yi. Kasusuwa da aka cire daga 'ya'yan itacen ya kamata a wanke su da ruwa mai tsabta kuma an shuka su cikin tukwane da ƙasa mai laushi da ƙasa.
Tangerine na cikin gida ana iya girma daga tsaba
Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana, dole ne a saka tsire-tsire a kan mafi kyawun taga sill. Kulawa na yau da kullun na itaciyar itace a cikin shayarwa na yau da kullun kamar yadda ya cancanta, hana bushewar ƙasa, da kuma feshin ganye da ruwa. Idan ganyayyaki sun zama turɓaya, dole ne a shafa su da ruwan tsami a hankali.
Ya kamata a fesa ganyen Mandarin a kai a kai tare da ruwa kuma a goge da soso mai ruwa.
Don hunturu, mafi kyawun cikin cikin gida shine ya fi dacewa a bar shi a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi tare da zazzabi na + 5 ... + 10 ° C da wuya shayar. Idan inji ya kasance don sa hibernate a cikin ɗaki mai dumi, ya kamata a rage raguwa kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da lokacin bazara na shekara, kuma ƙarin haske tare da phytolamps na musamman awanni 12 a rana ya zama dole.
Tangerine na cikin gida yana da hoto sosai
Yana ɗaukar shekaru 5-7 don jiran fure na seedlings, sabili da haka, don samun 'ya'yan itatuwa da sauri, ana ba da shawarar siyan bishiyoyi masu ba da' ya'yan itace da aka yi a tukwane waɗanda aka ɗora su a kan ɓoyayyen itace.
Mandarin kan triiduy trifoliate bai dace da dakin ba!
Tangerines na cikin gida suna da fure da 'ya'yan itatuwa a lokaci guda.
Tangerines na cikin gida sau da yawa suna da furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa a lokaci guda. Amfanin gona na gida yana da ɗan cin abinci, amma ɗanɗano zai iya bambanta, yana da sa'a.
Yadda ake shuka mandarin a gida daga zuriya - bidiyo
Bayan wani lokaci, kakana yayi kokarin girma tangerines daga tsaba daga 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka siya a wani shago. Sun hau da girma zuwa kananan bishiyoyi da ke tsaye a kan windill. Girbi ba mu jira ba. Dakin ya yi duhu, kuma hasken wutar lantarki daga hasken wutar lantarki na yau da kullun (wasu a cikin waɗancan shekarun ba a sayarwa ba), tangerines bai isa ba. Ganyen da ke jikinsu sunyi zagi kuma sau da yawa suna fadi, duk da feshin ruwa da kullun.
Nasiha
Barkan ku dai baki daya, Ni daga Sevastopol ne, don shekara ta biyu da na yi kokarin shuka tabar wiwi (tsiro) a cikin filin budewa, na hunturu da suka daskare har zuwa matakin kasa kuma yanzu sun karu da kashi 15-20 a cikin bazara. A cikin hunturu akwai shinge na shinkafa daga fim, wannan hunturu na shirya don kunsa shi da agrofiber sau da yawa.
milovanchik
//forum.homecitrus.ru/topic/18215-tcitrusovye-v-otkrytom-grunte-v-polusubtropika/page-3
Lokacin hunturu a cikin maɓuɓɓugar, ba a buƙatar hasken citrus kwata-kwata, idan zazzabi ya kusan 0. Wannan daidai ne. Kuma mafi kyawun zazzabi don 'ya'yan itacen citrus a cikin hunturu shine +5 +10 digiri Celsius.
alexxx198103
//forum.homecitrus.ru/topic/18215-tcitrusovye-v-otkrytom-grunte-v-polusubtropika/page-4
A cikin dakina, mandarin yana girma ... a kai a kai yana bada 'ya'ya - tsire-tsire mai saurin gaske. Troubleaya daga cikin matsala - 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, ko da yake edible, amma ba dadi.
Alexey Sh
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3310&page=5
Kusancin bishiyar bishiyar ba ta kafe shi ba (wani kaso mai yawa, sannan kuma tare da taimakon wasu dillalai na super-rooting - cytokinin man, zircon, da sauransu). An yi wa Mandarins kyau sosai akan kowane nau'in lemo.
fvtnbcn
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3310&page=14
Namo bishiyoyi masu kyau a cikin ɗayan furanni shine ɗayan manyan hanyoyin da ke kula da aikin lambun. Kuma idan yanayin bai ba ku damar shuka mandarin kai tsaye a gonar ba, zaku iya shuka wannan itace mai kyan itace a tukunya akan windowsill har ma da samun cropan itace kaɗan daga ciki.
