Kolumney asali ne mai kyau kuma kyakkyawa 'yar asalin ƙasar Equatorial America. Amma saboda wasu dalilai a cikin gidaje ba shi da yawa fiye da danginsa - alal misali, adadin kuzari da gloxinia. Tabbas, akwai wasu lambobi a cikin haɓakarsa, amma wannan ba dalili bane don barin kyawawan Tropicana columna.
Bayanin Shuka
Columnia wata itaciya ce mai girma daga dangin Gesneriaceae, suna girma a yankuna na Amurka na wurare masu zafi.
Gashinancin suna da sassauƙa, tsawon su zai iya kai 2 m. Ganyen suna da fale, ƙananan, har zuwa 4 cm tsayi, m, elongated-m, located m da kara.
Furen Columnae na iya zama launin rawaya, lemo, ja, ƙasa da ruwan hoda
An haɗa furannin biyu na fure na fure kuma suna samar da abin da ake kira hood. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari fari fararen fata ne.
Daga cikin tsirrai na gida da aka sani, dangin columnae sune Kaleria da gloxinia. Wani lokaci ana kiranta Kolumna "orchid na cikin gida", duk da haka, kawai tare da orchid basu da alaƙa.
Kolumneya yana da ban sha'awa musamman a cikin tukwanen rataye, jakar tukunya.
Nau'in Shafi
Waɗannan nau'ikan columna sun bambanta:
- Kolumneya Consanguina wata itaciya ce da ke da launin shuki mai launin shuɗi wanda ke girma zuwa 1.5. Ana shirya ganyen cikin nau'i-nau'i, amma ganye ɗaya koyaushe ya fi na ɗayan, saboda haka da alama ana shirya ganyen a madadin. Furanni masu launin shuɗi ne.
- Kolumneya krakatau - epiphyte (shuka mai buƙatar tallafi - wata shuka, alal misali). Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka saba tsakanin masu furen fure, galibi ana amfani dashi wajen yin ado a gida ko ofis. Furannin suna da haske sosai, ganye suna rufe gangar jikin gaba ɗaya.
- Carnival. An daraja shi don furanninta masu yawa, a kan kyawawan furanni masu launin rawaya waɗanda za'a iya lura da iyakar ja. Itace karami ce, tana iya yin fure tsawon shekara.
- An rarrabe jan Columnae ta hanyar dasa harbe mai kauri, ganyen lanceolate.
- Bankunan Columnae. Ba shi da ma'ana a cikin barin, saboda haka yana da yaduwa. Mai tushe ya rataye, reshe mai ƙarfi. Ganyen ganye kore da ke sama sun yi ja a kan bakin. Furanni masu tsayi har zuwa 6 cm tsayi, ja-orange tare da amai mai rawaya.
- Nice da ƙananan-leaved - tsire-tsire tare da ganyayyaki. Furanninsu sunyi kama da sifa da launi, kodayake, ganyen ginshiƙan suna da kusan cm 8, ganyen ƙananan ganyayyaki kuma 1 cm ne.
- An bambanta Columnia coliferous ta hanyar kafaffen harbe.
- Kolumnaia Kyusskaya wata itaciya ce mai girman gaske, ganye kore mai duhu wanda ake ganin an yanke shi daga fata.
- Sauran nau'ikan columna ba su da yawa a cikin floriculture na ado. Wannan shafin buccum, shafi na Morton, shafi mai ƙarfi, shafi na Allen.
Hoton hoto: nau'ikan columna daban-daban
- Columnae ja suna da ganyen lanceolate
- Furanni masu launin Rawaya da Orange Rarraba Harafin Bankuna
- Tsarin furanni mai daraja yana da ganyayyaki na mashaya
- Leafaramin ganye ya ba da suna ga wannan nau'in columna.
- Mafi yawanci ana amfani da Krakatau don yin ado ko gida.
- An bambanta furanni ta hanyar iyaka mai launin ja akan gefen abubuwan fure
Tebur: Yanayin yanayi
| Zazzabi | Haske | Haushi | |
| Lokacin bazara | 18-20 game daTare da | Hasken rana ya watsa hasken rana. Windows ko yamma. | Tsarin turawa na zamani, mafi yawan lokutan zafi. |
| Lokacin sanyi | A lokacin lalacewar (farawa daga ƙarshen kaka), wanda ya kai kimanin kwanaki 50, ya zama dole don tabbatar da zazzabi na 10-12 game daC. Sa’annan an sake shirya fure a wuri mai danshi. | Hasken rana ya watsa hasken rana. Windows ta kudu. | A lokacin dormant, kada ku fesa. |
Saukowa da dasawa
Kuna iya juyawa wani shafi dama bayan fure. Ya zama dole a dauki tukunya mai fadi da mara nauyi. Bambancin cakuda ƙasa (babban abin da ake buƙata shi ne babu ruwan lemun tsami): ofaukacin sassan turɓaya da ƙasa, 1 /2 wani ɓangare na peat, gawayi, yashi da yankakken ganshin sphagnum - 1 /4 sashi. Kolumneya kuma zai yi girma da kyau a cikin ƙasa da aka sayi ƙasa.
Kafin dasawa, ana yanka harbe-harbe na rabi.
Juji, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana buƙata sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2, lokacin da tushen shuka ya dushe ta daga ƙammar da tayi. Ba lallai ba ne don tsabtace tsohuwar ƙasa, sun cire fatara a hankali, sun sake shirya tare da ƙasa a cikin sabon tukunya, kuma yayyafa tare da sabon saiti.
Lokacin dasa aya a cikin tukunya, dole ne akwai magudanar ruwa
Kulawa
Ciyarwa ta gari da kuma kayan miya da ta dace, da kuma yanayi masu dacewa yayin furanni da dormancy, zasu taimaka muku jin daɗin rayuwa har tsawon shekara guda.
Watse
Ruwa, wanda ya ƙunshi lemun tsami, fure bazai son komai ba. Zai "faɗi" game da shi tare da bushe bushe ganye. Sabili da haka, tabbatar da amfani da ruwan da aka tace. Bugu da kari, zazzabi ya kamata ya zama akalla 20 game daC. Tsakanin shayar da ƙasa ya bushe bushe kaɗan. Kada a bada izinin danshi daga danshi.
A cikin hunturu, watering ne matsakaici, kuma a lokacin rani quite m.
A lokacin rani, kolumnei galibi ana buƙatar shayar da shi da ruwan dumi.
Manyan miya
Kolumneya musamman ana buƙatar ciyar da shi lokacin da fure-fure suka bayyana (yawanci ƙarshen hunturu). Don takin zamani, zaku iya amfani da gaurayawar haɗi don tsirrai na cikin gida, kawai kuna buƙatar ɗaukar rabin abin da aka nuna a cikin umarnin. Suna ciyar da tarin ƙwaƙwalwa sau ɗaya a kowace 7-10 kwanaki har zuwa farkon Oktoba.
Taki domin inzali koumum wanda aka sayar a shagunan
Lokacin tashi
Columnia fara Bloom a cikin bazara, amma a karkashin sharadi gwargwado. Idan fure ba ta faruwa ba, to, zaku iya ƙoƙarin yin abubuwa masu zuwa: ɗan taƙaita iyakance ruwa kuma rage zafin jiki. Irin waɗannan matakan ya kamata su tayar da bayyanar fure. Kuma wani shafi zai iya “ƙi” fure don tsananin bushewar iska.
Shafi mai laushi yana mamaye duk lokacin bazara
Room decembrist shine mafi sauki don kulawa, amma kuma budurwa bata da kyan gani: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/dekabrist-uhod-v-domashnih-usloviyah.html
Lokacin hutawa
A cikin kaka, an dage farawa don fure don kakar mai zuwa. A wannan lokacin, yawan zafin jiki na ɗakin da shafi ke girma, ya zama dole a rage zuwa 10-12 game daC. Bayan kwanaki 45-50, shuka za ta sami fure mai nauyin 0.5 cm a girma - wannan alama ce da ke buƙatar sake shirya shuka a cikin wuri mai ɗumi (16-18) game daC)
Lokacin sanyi wani muhimmin mataki ne na rayuwar shuka, ba za a iya yin sakaci da shi ba. Idan ba a kiyaye lokacin hunturu ko ma a gajarta ba, yana iya tsayawa ba tare da fure ba lokacin bazara da bazara.
A lokacin sanyi dormancy yana buƙatar samar da zazzabi mai sanyi
Tsarin Shuka
Columnae shuka ne mai girma. Tsawon shekara guda, harbinsa na iya yin girma zuwa cm 50. Sau da yawa, mai tushe yakan rasa bayyanar kyakkyawa saboda an fallasa su (wannan na iya faruwa saboda yanayin mummunan rauni ko kuma kurakurai cikin kulawa). Sabili da haka, kowace shekara bayan fure, ana bada shawara don sake shuka shuka - yanke wani ɓangare na harbe, dasa wasu daga cikinsu don samun sabon bushes na columna. Pinging, ban da dalilai na ado, wani mahimmin mahimmanci ne - ƙarfafawa daga fure mai zuwa.
Kula da kurakurai
Wasu yanayi bazai son ƙungiyar, kuma za ta amsa wannan tare da alamun da suka dace. Cututtuka da kwari kusan ba mummunan abu bane ga wannan shuka, musamman tare da kulawa da ta dace, amma ɓataccen ɗan gizo-gizo gizo-gizo zai iya kai hari ga shuka.
Don magance mitar gizo-gizo, ana bada shawara don magance shi da hanyoyi na musamman a cikin kaka
Tebur: Kurakurai na Kula da Yadda za'a Gyara Su
| Me ya faru | Saboda menene | Fita |
| Bar ya bushe ya faɗi | Humarancin zafi | Fesa mafi sau da yawa. |
| Bar juya kodadde da stained | Bar da fallasa zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye | Ideoye daga hasken rana kai tsaye. |
| Tushen rot, cututtukan fungal | M ruwa saboda yawan wuce haddi | Canza shuka. |
| Brown spots a cikin ganyayyaki | Ruwa ma yayi sanyi lokacin shayarwa | Ruwa don ban ruwa yana buƙatar a mai da 20 game daC. |
| Kyau mai ƙanshi | Rot saboda yanayin rashin ruwa | Cire sassan da abin ya shafa na shuka, a yi maganin tare da kashe-kashe na bogi, a rage danshi, a cikin lokaci-lokaci ku kwantar da dakin. |
| Karamin yanar gizo tsakanin ganye. | Spider mite |
|
Bidiyo: kula da columna
Koyarwar Columnia
Mafi kyau duka lokacin grafting da shuka ne tsakiyar watan Afrilu.
Umarnin:
- Wajibi ne a datse cutukan daga harbe daga tsiron. Yanke yakamata ya zama aƙalla 7 cm a tsawon, tare da ganye 2.
- Shuka a cikin cakuda peat da yashi, a rufe da gilashin gilashi ko polyethylene. Kuna iya dasa guda 8-10 a cikin akwati ɗaya, sannan kuna samun ciyawar ciyawa.
- Bayar da dumama a ƙasa a 20-24 game daC.
- Ruwa, amma kada fesa, saboda wannan ya cika tare da jujjuya takardar. Yana ɗaukar makonni 3-4 don tushen.
- Lokacin da ciyawar tayi girma kadan, dasa shi a cikin tukunya daban.
Yana ɗaukar makonni 3-4 don a cire tushen columni
Zai yi wuya a watsa shi ta hanyar zuriya tare da tsaba, kamar yadda ake buƙatar matattakuna na musamman tare da yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullun, sabili da haka, grafting ita ce hanya mafi kyau - sauri da aminci
Gloxinia, wata shuka ce mai dangantaka, ana yaduwarta ta wasu hanyoyi da yawa: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/gloksiniya-razmnozhenie-listom.html
Bidiyo: ganyen columnae
Nasiha
A zahiri, zan iya cewa ban shayar da ita ba. Ya kasance a baranda a zazzabi of 10 game daTare da (a waje da taga, baranda ba ya da matsala), Ba koyaushe nake ruwa tare da tace ruwa ba (Ba koyaushe nake samun isasshen furanni ba), spraying ba wuya. Na sayi ta wurin mai kawo kaya, ya zo da ganye, wadanda suka lalace daga wurina. A wannan yanayin, tushe mai tushe a cikin kwaya shima yana da kyau. Kwanan nan na gano cewa kolumneya dangi ne na Saint-Paul))) Gaskiya da mamaki, ban da ganyen karammiski, ban ga komai ba. Ina bayar da shawarar cewa furen yana da kyau sosai a cikin rataye mai ratayewa, musamman idan ya yi fure. Amma a lokacin hutawa shima yana da asali.
Alexashka87 //irecommend.ru/content/govorili-chto-super-kapriznaya-onaili-eto-ne-takili-mne-vezet
Ina son furanni daban-daban, amma na ba fifiko ga dangin Gesnerius. Samfuran samfuran manya suna jin daɗi a cikin tukwane na rataye. Suna son haske mai yawa, amma rana madaidaiciya na iya kashe su. Suna amsa daidai da duka ambaliya da overdry ta hanyar nutsar da ganye. Yawancin nau'ikan da aka zaɓa sune tsoffin nau'ikan - Krokotau, Fuji. Suna dasa sauƙi, babban abinda ba shine suyi dogo ba lokacin da aka dasa tushen. Varietiesarin nau'ikan abubuwa masu rikitarwa sun bambanta, amma duk da haka zaku iya samun harshe gama gari tare da su.
Svetlana FYUR//ourflo.ru/viewtopic.php?f=29&start=20&t=2045
Ba zan iya samun harshe gama gari tare da ita ba, Ina son sosai kolumni, amma, a fili, Ina da zafi sosai kuma ba sa yin girma. An riga an dasa su, kadan kore, bari mu ga abin da zai faru nan gaba. A cikin gwajin, na fara wani eschinanthus, wanda yayi kama da su, tunda wannan ya girma kamar yisti, kuma yana kama da wawa.
son kai//www.violet.com.ua/forum/viewtopic.php?t=980
Da alama da yawa mai haske da gumi, koda a cikin gida aƙalla a kalla iska - babban abinda ya shafi columnas. Shekaru 2 yanzu suna zaune a kan kujera a kusurwarsu ta kudu windowsill. Gaskiya ne, taga an rufe shi da kayan kamar lutrasil na bakin ciki. Ban yi musayar ba, wanda aka sayar da riga tare da goge, na biyu da kansa ya yi girma, ɗayan biyu da aladu yanzu suna girma da ƙarfi da babban. A cikin kofuna waɗanda game da 12 cm, a kan wicks a cikin wani sanannen pallet don seedlings, sun kusan ba bushe ba, kasar gona ke perlite tare da talakawa peat cakuda a cikin rabin, ruwa, duk da haka, an distilled.
wantoch//www.floralworld.ru/forum/index.php?topic=862.45
A farkon bazara, na dauko wani shafin mara hoto a cikin shagon fure - vidocq ya kasance, don sanya shi a hankali, abin bakin ciki, na cire shi cikin juyayi. Dasawa. Yanzu yana da kyau a gare ni - ya wadatar, ya ba da yawa basle harbe kuma wannan duk da baranda na arewacin). Duk tsawon lokacin nan, ban ma ga takin zamani tare da ni ba. Zan iya cewa lafiya Columna itace ɗayan tsire-tsire mafi sauƙi don kulawa.
Julia))//forum-flower.ru/printthread.php?t=1774&pp=10&page=3
Ba za a kira da'ira fure mai fure ba. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, zai dace da rayuwa, amma ba zai yi fure ba. Don haɓaka mai inganci, shuka yana buƙatar haske mai haske ta hanyar saukar da ruwan dumi mai taushi da yanayin hunturu da ya dace.
