- Nau'in: conifers
- Lokaci na Gudanarwa: Mayu, Yuni
- Girma: 30-35m
- Launi: kore
- Perennial
- Gwanaye
- Inuwa
- Fari fari
Furancin sarari a cikin filin karkara - tsabtataccen iska ne, da kayan adon halitta, kuma babban kayan aiki ne na aikin ƙirar ƙasa. Daidai a kowane yanki na Rasha, yanayin mazaunan gandun daji, suna ɗaukar tushe, daga cikinsu akwai bishiyoyin Kirsimeti da ke sanɗa tare da katako mai ƙarfi, mai tsananin buƙata. Ba asirce ba cewa ƙanshin resin yana da amfani ga mutane da tsire-tsire, don haka duk wanda ke kula da lafiyar su dole ne ya shuka tsiro. Bari muyi la’akari dalla-dalla yadda ake shuka tsiro da amfani da shi wajen yin kwalliyar lambu.
Fir-itace a cikin shimfidar wurare
Da farko dai, mun baku damar kallon bidiyo - zaku iya samun amsoshin tambayoyin ku a ciki:
Da farko, kowane nau'in spruce iri ne kyawawan kayan don samar da salon wani yanki na kewayen birni, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa lokacin zabar kayan dasa, ya kamata ka kula da nau'ikan coniferous.
Godiya ga kyakkyawan kyakkyawan kambi, wanda za'a iya daidaita shi gwargwadon burin, an sami nasarar amfani da bishiyoyi masu tsayi da ƙira don haɗa abubuwa kamar:
- tsaunuka;
- shinge;
- Kashewa
- guda da rukuni rukuni.
Haɗin ƙananan conifers tare da rawanin da aka shimfiɗa a hankali, dutse da kayan adon daga kayan halitta ya dace don yin ado da ƙasa a cikin tsarin yau da kullun da na halitta, sabili da haka ginin tare da ƙonewa a matsayin maɓalli muhimmi sun shahara sosai.
Yadda za a shirya rukunin gidaje da na huɗa keɓaɓɓe na kayan ado a cikin gonar: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/dekorativnye-xvojniki.html
Rockeries ma suna da kyau saboda suna buƙatar ƙananan hannun jari tare da matsakaicin sakamako mai ban sha'awa: kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire za a iya girma tare da hannuwanku, kuma ana iya samun duwatsu kai tsaye a cikin ƙasar, wanda aka kawo daga bankin kogin ko daga ɓarna
Harshen shinge mai rai da ke raye shine rayayye mai kariya wacce za'a iya dasawa kusa da kewaye ko tsakanin bangarori biyu masu aiyuka daban daban. Tall, bishiyoyin da aka dasa da yawa zasu maye gurbin shinge, plantsan ƙaramin tsire-tsire masu ado na ado za su yi ado da ƙasa kuma su haifar da yanayin yanayi.
Sauran tsirrai ma suna da kyau ga shinge. Ƙarin cikakkun bayanai anan: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/rasteniya-dlya-zhivoj-izgorodi.html
A wannan yanayin, ƙarami, amma kusanci da juna, bishiyoyi da aka dasa suna ɗaukar abin ado maimakon ɗaukar nauyin aiki - sun raba yankin dutsen da sauran yankin
Kasance da ƙaramin bishiyar Kirsimeti a cikin ƙasar, zaku iya aiwatar da fasaha ta topiary - ƙirƙirar adadi na geometric, karkace ko wasu abubuwa masu sauƙi uku-girma daga kambi mai ƙyalƙyali. Anan ɗayan kaddarorin conifers yana da amfani kawai - jinkirin girma (3-5 cm a shekara).
Zai fi kyau fara fara amfani da kayan yau da kullun na Topiary tare da mafi karancin hadaddun adadi - kuba, dala ko ball, sannan kuma matsa zuwa wasu saitunan hadaddun abubuwa, misali, spirals
A gaba da bayan tubalin katako da gine-ginen katako da shinge, rukunin kananan bishiyun bishiyoyi masu tsayi daban-daban suna da kyan gani, kuma itace bishiyar Kirsimeti mai tsayi zata iya zama tsakiyar yankin nishadi ko kuma kyakkyawan abokin hadin gwiwa don dako (benci, kayan adon lambu).
Mutane da yawa musamman shuka fir don bikin Sabuwar Shekara da Kirsimeti a yanayi. Bikin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin iska mai kyau ya fi ban sha'awa kuma ya fi ban daɗi na biki na iyali, kuma tsarin yin ado da itace tare da tarkace da kayan wasa wata al'ada ce ta tsafi da yara za su tuna da rayuwarsu
Hanyar samowa ko yada jita-jita
Idan kun zaɓi spruce a matsayin ɗayan tsire-tsire don yin ado ga rukunin yanar gizonku har ma ku yanke shawarar iri-iri, kuna buƙatar tunani game da inda zaku samu. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce siyan girke-girken da aka yi wa girki a cikin gandun daji, amma mutane da yawa ba sa neman hanyoyi masu sauki kuma suna kokarin girma bishiyoyi da kansu, daga tsaba ko kuma rassan. Akwai wadanda suka yi la’akari da mafi kyawun gwaje-gwajen da aka yi amfani da su a cikin yanayin halitta, wato, haƙa a cikin gandun daji.
Yi la'akari da yanayin kowane ɗayan hanyoyin kuyi la'akari da cikakkun sifofin fasalin haihuwa.
Siyan seedling a cikin gandun daji
Idan kun riga kuna da aikin ƙira da aka shirya, kuma 'yan kalilan ne kawai suka ɓace don aiwatarwa, zaku iya saurin sayan seedlings a cikin gandun daji. Hakanan gaskiya ne idan kuna buƙatar wasu ƙananan, m iri-iri waɗanda ke da wahala ko tsayi girma don kanku.
Ana sayar da 'ya'yan itace, kamar sauran tsire-tsire, a cikin tukwane masu girma dabam, gwargwadon girman shuka. Dasa bishiyar Kirsimeti a cikin ƙasa, yakamata ka adana dunƙulewar “ƙasa ta ƙasa”, don haka itacen zai ɗauki lafiya sosai da sauri.
Lokacin zabar wani ƙwanƙwasa a cikin gandun daji, nemi mashawarci kan manyan abubuwan da suka shafi girma, wanda ya danganta da girman itaciyar, yanayin tsufa da ƙarfin hali, yanayin haske, tsarin ban ruwa, da sauransu.
Lokacin sayen seedling, kula da fa'idar aikinta, wanda yake mai sauƙin tantancewa da alamun masu zuwa:
- needles sabo, m, ba kwalli;
- harbe mai saukin girma a tukwicin rassan;
- na halitta, ba tsari mara kyau na rassan da gangar jikin;
- da needles ba ya shafa ta mai m ko farin fata;
- tare da matsin lamba, rassan suna tanƙwara, amma kada ku karye.
Yayi kadan a tukunya yana nuna cewa an tono ɓarawon ƙasa musamman sayarwa da keta tsarin sa.
Girma bishiyoyi daga tsaba
Idan kuna da isasshen lokaci don aikin lambu, zaku iya fara haɓaka nau'in tsiro daga tsaba. Mafi kyawun su ne jinsunan 'yan asalin yankin ku. Lokacin tumatir na cones ya dogara da sauyin yanayi, amma don kiwo ana bada shawarar girbi a ƙarshen kaka.
Ana adana Cones a cikin sanyi, wuri mai bushe, ana kiyaye shi daga iska da hasken rana kai tsaye. Kimanin watanni 2.5-3 kafin shuka, ana fitar da tsaba (ana kiransu ƙwallaye kwayoyi) kuma an daidaita su don haɓaka shuka
Don shirya seedlings, ana sa tsaba a cikin sa'o'i 24 a cikin ruwa mai tsabta, bayan soaking na rabin sa'a a cikin rauni (0.5%) bayani na manganese. To, immersed a cikin kwantena cike da rigar yashi, da kuma adana har sai shuka a cikin sanyi - dusar ƙanƙara ko firiji.
Shuka ne da za'ayi a tsakiyar watan Afrilu, kuma ya fi kyau amfani da gidan kore tare da sawun wuta don wannan. Sandy loam ƙasa an rufe shi da bakin ciki Layer (1.5-2 cm) na sawdust, ana aza tsaba a kai, an yayyafa shi da wannan nau'in fure mai ɗumi a saman - ƙirƙirar yanayin da ke kusa da na halitta, amma mafi kwanciyar hankali don girma
Idan ka shawarta zaka shuka iri a cikin fili, lallai ne ka shirya karin kariya. Zai iya zama yadudduka na kare da iska mai ƙarfi, kuma yadudduka da auduga.
A watan Agusta, ana cire nau'in kariya, kuma a maimakon haka ana yin mafaka daga lokacin farin ciki na busassun ganye. Wani lokaci ana amfani da akwati a maimakon buɗe ƙasa, amma yanayin girma ya kasance iri ɗaya ne.
Bayan 2, ba sau da yawa bayan shekaru 3, ana shuka shuki a cikin ƙasa tare da tazara na 40 cm cm Kafin a dasa, ya zama mai tsayi ko tushen lalacewa, kuma ya kamata a sa sauran tushen a cikin humus ɗin na ɗan gajeren lokaci
Za a buƙaci tsarin kulawa ta musamman: matsakaici m ƙasa (a cikin zafi - ƙarin watering) da ciyar na lokacin 3-rani. A matsayin taki, mullein ko 0.1 kashi na hydropone diluted da ruwa ya dace.
Hanyar seedling yana wuce tsawon shekaru 3-4. Duk wannan lokacin suna bukatar a kwance su, sai a hado su, a shayar dasu kusan lokaci 1 a mako daya. Ana yin miya babba a cikin bazara, kafin a fara kumburin koda. Cakuda mai ma'adinai mai dacewa ya dace:
- taki - 450-500 g;
- nitrate na potassium - 10-15 g;
- superphosphate - 25-30 g.
Komai ya cakuda sosai, aka rarrabe shi cikin ƙasa kusa da tsire-tsire, a hankali an haƙa shi cikin zurfin zurfin (8-10 cm) kuma an shayar da shi don amfanin gona ya shiga cikin ƙasa.
A cikin shekaru 6-7, zaku karɓi bishiyoyin Kirsimeti, a shirye don dasawa a cikin dindindin. Su, kamar yadda suka saba, ana shuka su a farkon bazara, suna adana tushen dunƙulewar ƙasa
Yadda za a yi girma bishiyar Kirsimeti daga reshe (cuttings)
Don yaduwar nau'in ornamental, ana amfani da cuttings. Yanke twigs a farkon bazara (a watan Afrilu) na iya daukar tushe a wannan shekarar, daga baya kawai a shekara mai zuwa. Mutane da yawa sun fi son grafting na watan Agusta, lokacin da harbe suka gama girma suka fara fara itace, amma, akwai hanyar hunturu wacce aka samu nasarar amfani da ita don dukkan conifers, gami da itacen fir.
Mun kawo muku babban darasi a lokacin hunturu na tsiro, wanda ya qunshi a cikin dasa bishiyoyin gida tare da yiwuwar kara dasa shuki a cikin kasa. Yin amfani da shears ko lambun, yankan adadin rassan gefen da ake buƙata. Daga ƙarshen yanke, "diddige" - wani yanki na itacen bara da yakamata a adana. Dole ne a yanke babban "diddige" don kada katsewar itace.
A hankali mun yanke allurai daga ƙananan sashin kusa da “diddige” tare da wuƙa, tunda ba a buƙatarsu kuma za su tsoma baki tare da ci gaban Tushen nan gaba
Yawancin nau'ikan coniferous suna da kyau ba tare da ƙarin abubuwan motsawa ba, duk da haka, spruce yana da girman gaske game da wannan kuma yana buƙatar, musamman a cikin hunturu, halayyar musamman.
Ana sanya sandunan da aka kula da su a cikin jirgin ruwa, rabin cike da mafita na Epin (4-6 saukad da ruwa na milimita 200), kuma ana gudanar da shi na awanni 12-14
Abubuwan da aka adana na itace shine gansaketin sphagnum, wanda yake ɗaukar danshi daidai.
Yayin da cutukan ke samun ƙarfi a cikin maganin Epin, muna shirya musu “mayafi” mai kariya - jiƙa bushe sphagnum cikin ruwa mai tsabta
Muna ɗaukar fim ɗin kuma mun shimfiɗa shi tare da kintinkiri akan tebur. Muna rarraba sphagnum cikakken tare da danshi tare da tef - zai yi wasa da matsayin madadin girma don yaduwar tsiran alade.
Mun sanya ganyen a kan ginin da aka shirya a cikin tsari mai zuwa: na farko, tsoma kowane igiya a cikin foda mai motsawa (misali, "Kornevin"), sannan sanya ƙananan sashin a kan kintinkiri tare da gansakuka
Mun ninka fim ɗin a cikin rabi don haka ana matsa Tushen a kan sphagnum kuma an nannade cikin fim, kuma firam ɗin yankan suna da kyauta.
Mun mirgine fim ɗin tare da yankan da aka rarraba cikin ladabi cikin kwano don hakan ya zama mai isasshen yawa, amma ba kusa don ci gaban Tushen
Sakamakon ya kasance bouquet na peculiar - a cikin wannan tsari, za'a adana peranin coniferous har sai an dasa shuki a ƙasa. Don kada fim ɗin ya yi sakaci, dole ne a ɗaura shi tare da igiya ko a ja tare da maɗaurin na roba.
Wurin da za a adana itace yakamata ya zama mai haske da sanyi - ɗakin kwalliya ko baranda. Idan a cikin dacha akwai windows na katako tare da firam biyu, za'a iya sanya peranan tsakanin gilashin ko dakatar da shi daga gefe, mafaka daga hasken rana kai tsaye
Harshen hunturu suna da kyau saboda ƙananan Tushen sun riga sun bayyana da zamani lokacin dasa tsire-tsire.
A watan Afrilu, za a iya dasa rassa a cikin gonar - ba a cikin dindindin ba, amma a cikin tukunya ko akwati don girma. Mafi kyau - lit da-shinkafa, gas mai iska
A cikin shekaru biyu, seedlingsa seedlingsan na ƙarshe za su ɗauki tushe kuma su yi ƙarfi da ƙarfi, to, zai yuwu ku dasa su a buɗe, a wani wuri na ci gaba.
Canjin Tsirrai na Itace
Yaƙin neman zaɓe cikin dazuzzuka zai ƙare lafiya idan kun tuna da ƙa'idodi kaɗan:
- tono itace a kaka ko lokacin bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ke da laushi da laima;
- idan kun dasa wani tsiro a lokacin bazara, kuyi ƙoƙarin ajiye dunƙulewar duniya;
- don dasawa, kwafin da bai wuce 1 m ba ya dace, matsakaicin 1.5 m; itaciyar mafi girma, da tsawonta Tushenta da kuma da alama za ku lalata su;
- arin bishiyoyi masu ƙarfi da bishiyoyi masu ƙarfi suna girma tare da gefukan gandun daji, a gefen waje, nesa daga matattara mai dunƙule.
Yana da mahimmanci don tono fitar da ƙwanƙwasa. A kusa da akwati, tono da'ira tare da diamita daidai yake da da'irar da aka kafa ta ƙasashe mafi ƙasƙanci. Zurfin tsagi ya kusan rabin mil. A hankali cire itacen daga ƙasa, ƙoƙarin kiyaye ƙasa a kan tushen sa. Saka kan wata takaddara mai kauri, kaɗa ta kuma gyara kunshin da ya haifar akan tebur. Bauki ma'aurata biyu na ƙasar “ƙasa” ta yadda bishiyar Kirsimeti take ɗauka da sauri cikin sabon yanayin.
Kada ku manta game da muhimmiyar nuance - kafin tono, tabbatar don yiwa bangarorin duniya, arewa da kudu akan rassa don dasa bishiya, kuna mai da hankali akan su
Yadda za a dasa shuki?
Bishiyoyi da aka tono a cikin gandun daji da aka sayo seedlings suna da ƙa'idojin shuka iri ɗaya. Akwai lokuta biyu lokacin da mafi kyawu ya ɗauki tushe - farkon bazara da ƙarshen kaka (kafin farkon yanayin sanyi). Wasu nau'ikan, alal misali, blue spruce, sun fi dacewa a dasa su a cikin bazara, don haka kafin yanke shawarar shuka tsiro, ƙayyadadden kayan aikin dasa nau'ikan da ka saya.
Zaɓi yankin da yafi dacewa don girma conifers - hasken rana ya haskaka ko inuwa mai sauƙi. Kula da magudanar ruwa a gaba, saboda bishiyoyin tsiro da suka girma a cikin ciyawar suna da talauci kuma sun rasa allurai. Matsayi mai kyau don dasa shuki ne wanda ke da rana mai ruwa wanda ke da ƙarancin ƙasa da ƙasa mai wadata, ƙasa mai wadatar da humus.
Treesarancin kyawawan bishiyoyi masu ban sha'awa suna jin daɗin girma a cikin shirye-shiryen furanni da kuma lambuna masu dutse, kan nunin faifai masu kyau da kuma a cikin tsaunuka
Hanyar dasa ta ci wadannan:
- Muna tono rami mai zurfin 50-60 cm, diamita na 60 cm a saman da 30-35 cm a cikin ƙananan sashin.
- Mun shirya magudanar ruwa daga wani santimita mai santimita 20 na cakuda yashi da tsakuwa (ko tsakuwa).
- Daga ƙasa mai fashe, yashi, peat da humus (a daidai sassan) muna shirya cakuda ƙasa. Toara shi 100-150 g nitroammofoski.
- A ɗan cika ramin tare da cakuda ƙasa, moisturize.
- Mun sanya tushen kwallon seedling a cikin rami.
- Mun cika kujerun da ba komai tare da ragowar ƙasa, matakin shi.
Muna gudanar da peat mulching a kusa da tushen wuyansa, wanda yake a matakin ƙasa mai faɗi. Ofarin peat zai ɗumi tushen kuma ya riƙe danshi.
Itace ko peat mulching yana da kyau daga ra'ayi mai kyau, bugu da ,ari, asarin abubuwa kamar su itacen oak a saman ruwan sama yana hana bayyanar ciyawar
Baya ga dasa, kulawar spruce shima yana da mahimmanci, sabili da haka, zamuyi la'akari da ka'idodin pruning, shayarwa da kuma kariya daga cututtuka.
Fasalin coniferous kiwo
Watara da ƙwallaye ya zama dole gwargwadon yanayin girma, shekaru da girma, amma a kowane hali, ƙasa a kusa da itacen koyaushe ya kasance mai laushi. Za'a iya bincika wannan ta hanyar matsi dunƙule na ƙasa a hannunka. Idan ta birkice, lokacin ruwa ya zo. Ya kamata a shayar a hankali, rarraba ruwa a kusa da tushen coma duka. Matsakaicin yawan amfani da ruwa na itacen mai mita 2, lita 10 ne sau ɗaya a mako.
Seedlingsananan seedlings suna buƙatar tsari na musamman - sau da yawa a rana a cikin ƙaramin rabo, tunda Tushen suna a farfaɗo da sauri bushewa. Baya ga ban ruwa, kar a manta game da feshin ruwa, bayan wannan ne kifin ya bayyana a cikin rana mai tsabta tare da allura mai haske.
Idan ba koyaushe kuke zaune a ƙasar ba, zaɓi nau'in fari mai tsayayya, alal misali, ƙwaya mai ruwan shuɗi, don dasa shuki. A cikin lokacin zafi, ya isa ya shayar da shi sau ɗaya a kowane mako da rabi zuwa makonni biyu
Kodayake spruce nasa ne ga bishiyoyi masu girma a hankali, lokaci zuwa lokaci yana buƙatar pruning. Ana yin rigakafin hana ruwa sau ɗaya a shekara, a farkon bazara, har sai sabon harbe ya fara girma. Ana kuma kiranta sanitary, saboda yana cire mafi yawan cututtukan mara ko busassun ciyawa. Haske mai walƙiya yana amfani da itaciyar gaba ɗaya - haskoki na rana suna ratsa zurfin cikin kambi mai yawa.
Itacewar kayan ado, akasin haka, ana aiwatar da ita a tsakiyar bazara, bayan ƙarshen girma da sababbin harbe. Wasu lokuta ana sare saman idan itaciyar tana buƙatar girma cikin faɗi maimakon tsayi.An gudanar da aikin tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi, kuma ana kula da wuraren da aka ga guraben tare da mafita ta musamman - permanganate potassium da lambun var.
Don cire rassan busassun busassun suna amfani da saws ɗin hannu da mashaya, ƙananan sanduna - kayan lambu, da kuma kayan gyara gashi - kayan shege na musamman
Sau da yawa barazanar itace da bishiyoyi da sauran abubuwan balagaggu na haɗari. Mafi na kowa sune cututtukan fungal, suna haifar da zubar da kambi har ma da mutuwa. Wajibi ne a magance su ta hanyoyi daban-daban.
Da farko, kuna buƙatar cire alluran da suka lalace da kuma rassan mara lafiya, sannan kuyi cikakkiyar ƙasa tare da Kornevin kuma ku kula da itacen tare da Immunocytophyte, Amulet, Zircon ko wani magani wanda ke ƙara kamuwa da cuta. Wasu cututtukan, kamar tushen soso ko abin ruɓaɓɓen ruɓaɓɓen cuta, ba a bi da su, saboda haka ana buƙatar yanke itacen, kututture kututture, da kuma ƙasa da ke kewaye da ita an kula da su ta hanyar fungicides.
Yadda ake shuka shudi mai launin shuɗi, ana iya samun ƙarin cikakkun bayanai anan: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/kak-vyrastit-golubuyu-el.html
Bayyanar cututtuka na cutar Schütte ita ce bayyanar a jikin reshen ja, toka da kuma allurai. Ana kula da Schute tare da Skor, Strobi, Falcon, Quadrice, fara daga Mayu zuwa ƙarshen bazara
Kuma a ƙarshen - 'yan kaɗan daga kwararru game da zaɓa da girma iri iri na kayan ado.
