Aloe shine asalin halittar tsirrai na ƙungiyar succulents, a sauƙaƙe ana iya gane shi ta ganye mai kaifi tare da jijiyoyi a gefuna. Girma dabam daga ƙananan samfurori zuwa kamannin bishiyoyi har da vines, waɗanda galibi ana samun su a cikin daji. Gasar su ta zahiri ita ce tsibiran: yankuna masu bushewa na Afirka, Madagascar, Larabawa, inda aka san asalin magungunan Aloe vera shekaru 3000 da suka gabata.
Iri daban-daban na Aloe
Harshen Aloe na dangin Asphodelaceae kuma yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan, lambobi sama da 500. Daga cikinsu akwai abubuwa da yawa iri-iri na ado da na magani, wani lokaci duka waɗannan halayen suna haɗuwa, yin waɗannan nau'ikan Aloe suma suna da amfani a rayuwar yau da kullun.
Menene fure yayi kama
Mafi mashahuri iri:
- Aloe arborescens (Aloe arborescens), ko agave - ɗayan shahararrun jinsunan da aka girma a gida. Ana amfani dashi da yawa don magance raunuka na rashin warkaswa, raunin fata, da matsalolin ciki.
- Aloe vera (Aloe vera) - baya ƙarewa a bayan agave kuma ba yawan adadin kaddarorin masu amfani bane, haka kuma yawan bayyanar su a cikin kichin da windows. A gani ya bambanta daga itacen Aloe ta ƙananan farin aibobi akan ganyayyaki da guntun kara.
- Aloe variegata, ko alama, yana ɗaukar hoto tare da kamannin sa na asali, wato, rayayyun ganye (wanda shuka ya sami suna na biyu) da kuma sabon abu sigar rosette - yana kama da ganyayyaki suna cikin juna, wanda ke haifar da sakamako mai tsari.
- Aloe ciliate (Aloe ciliaris) shine kawai jinsin tsakanin dangi na ado waɗanda ke da al'adun gargaɗi. Inan itace mai laushi da ganyayyaki masu laushi suna sa ya dace don haɓaka a cikin tukunyar tukunyar-aya.
- Aloe suprafoliata abu ne mai ban sha'awa saboda yana canza yadda tsarin tsinke ya girma akan lokaci: matashi mai shuka yakan saki ganye ta fuskoki guda biyu, kama da littafi (wannan, a hanya, saboda sunan Ingilishi ne - "littafin aloe"), kuma tare da shekaru siffa soket na yau da kullun. Abin lura shine iyakar da take kewaye da gefan takardar.
- Polyelar Aloe (Aloe polyphylla) - tsarin mai saurin yaduwar ganye yana sa wannan squat iri-iri na Aloe kyauta ce mai kyau ga masu kammala kammala, saboda yana kama da jituwa koda a wasu hanyoyi na wucin gadi.
- Aloe nadaɗa (Aloe plicatilis) - wani yanki na zane a cikin tukunya, ƙaunataccen fan na rosettes a ɓangarorin biyu na tushe suna ƙage sama, suna haifar da ainihin sifar da za'a iya ganewa.
Valueimar ado ta Aloe kamar shukar gida ba ta da yawa sosai a kamanninta kamar yadda yake a cikin rashin bayyanarsa ga yanayin rayuwa, wanda hakan yasa ya zama zaɓi gama gari ga masu fara lambu.
Iri daban-daban na Aloe
Yadda ake kulawa da succulents daga ilimin halittar Aloe a gida, dokokin gabaɗaya
Don girma wannan shuka a gida, kuna buƙatar sanin kanku tare da mahimman ka'idodin girma da fahimtar yadda ake kula da aloe. Babu shakka kowane nau'in fure yana da haske da ƙauna-zafi, don haka wurin ya cancanci zaɓi daga gefen rana. Madalla idan windows suna fuskantar kudu ko gabas.
Yadda ake kulawa da Aloe vera
Koyaya, yana da daraja a la'akari da cewa ƙaramin tsire-tsire, ƙari yana buƙatar ƙaramin inuwa, tunda a cikin yanayin dabi'a irin waɗannan nau'in suna girma a inuwar manyan maƙwabta. Ba a son shi don haskoki na UV kai tsaye su faɗo akan ganyayyaki, in ba haka ba za a rufe su da tabe ɗin orange.
Haske da zazzabi
A lokacin bazara-bazara, shuka yana da kwanciyar hankali girma a zazzabi na ɗakin al'ada. A cikin hunturu, lokacin da akwai sauran hutawa, kuna buƙatar motsa motsa aloe a cikin wuri mai sanyi (mafi yawan zafin jiki a wannan lokacin shine digiri 14 Celsius) kuma, idan ya cancanta, yin sama da rashin hasken halitta tare da fitilar mai kyalli.
Watering dokokin da zafi
Yana da mahimmanci kada a overdo shi, saboda ya fi sauƙi tsallake ruwa sau ɗaya kawai don adana Tushen jujjuyawa da ma'amala da sauran sakamako mara kyau. Aloe ya sami damar riƙe da amfani da danshi da aka adana a cikin ganyayyaki na dogon lokaci, don haka ya fi dacewa a shayar da shi lokacin da saman Layer na substrate ya bushe fewan santimita.
Ya danganta da girman shuka, hanyar shayarwa ta bambanta:
- manyan dabbobi suna da kyau ana shayar dasu daga sama, suna hana ruwa shiga ɓangaren ƙasa kuma yana hana shi tsawaitawa a farce;
- karamin - zuba ruwa a cikin kwanon da barin yalwar adadin danshi da za a sha.
Shekarun Aloe kuma yana shafar mita na ruwa - mazan da yake fure, ƙarancin ruwa da yake buƙata idan aka kwatanta da matasa, kawai samfuran samfurori ne kawai.
Yadda za a sha ruwan Aloe vera
Ingancin ruwa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kulawar Aloe vera a gida. Yana da mahimmanci a bar shi ya tsaya aƙalla a rana: ruwan kada yayi tsauri, kai tsaye daga famfo. Hakanan baza'a iya fesa Aloe tare da feshin ruwa ko saka shi cikin shawa ba. Idan ya cancanta, ya kamata a goge ganye mai ƙura tare da daskararren zane.
Hankali! Idan Tushen har yanzu ya juya, zaka iya ajiye shuka kawai a farko. Ana buƙatar cikakken binciken tushen tsarin da dasawa, ana cire danshi mai yawa da tushen lalacewa yayin da waɗanda suka tsira suka bushe. A cikin sabon ƙasa na Aloe, ya wajaba don samar da kyakkyawan haske da ba da izinin murmurewa.
Manyan miya da ingancin ƙasa
Don haɓaka girma da fure, shuka yana buƙatar ciyar da shi lokaci-lokaci. Ka'idojin ka'idodi na hada takin fure:
- Kada ku ciyar da Aloe dama bayan dasawa: a cikin sabuwar ƙasa akwai isasshen abubuwan gina jiki da ƙananan abubuwan macro da shuka ke buƙata. Ana iya amfani da takin ƙasa aƙalla watanni shida bayan haka, lokacin da ajiyar ƙasar ku ya cika.
- Top miya ne da za'ayi tsananin bayan moistening kasar gona. Maganin mai rauni wanda aka sa mai karfi ana zuba shi a cikin kwanon rufi ko a shayar da tsire-tsire a hankali don kar ƙone sashin ƙasa.
- Ana iya yin Aloe daga farkon bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka, a lokacin haɓaka mai aiki. Sau ɗaya a mako ko biyu zai fi abin da ya ishe su.
Mahimmanci! Ba za ku iya ciyar da Aloe tare da peat ba ko tare da shirye-shiryen dauke da shi. Ma'adinan ma'adinai ko nitrogen masu girma.
Noma ba zai kawo fa'ida ba idan an zaɓi ƙasa mara kyau. Soil asa mai yawa tare da yawan acidity mafarki ne mai ban tsoro ga aloe, yana iya amsa rawaya kuma ya mutu da wuri idan ba ku ɗauki mataki ba (galibi yakan juyawa). Kamar kowane babban nasara, baya jure rashin tushen samun isashshen sunadarin oxygen kuma yana buƙatar kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa. Brick foda, tsakuwa, gawayi sun dace sosai kamar na burodi.
A dole abubuwan aka gyara daga kasar gona cakuda for Aloe (a cikin wani rabo na 2: 1: 1: 1, bi da bi):
- ƙasar turf
- m yashi;
- ƙasa mai rarrafe;
- humus.
Abincin Aloe
Lokacin dasa shuki dasa a cikin sabuwar ƙasa, tabbatar cewa dukkan yadudduka uku suna cikin wurin:
- a kasan kasan - wani magudanar ruwa mai santimita biyu a kauri;
- cakuda ƙasa;
- a saman shine karamin karamin tsakuwa ko kuma yashi.
Kyakkyawan zaɓi don fara lambu kuma za a saya ƙasa, pre-gurɓataccen da wadatar da duk abubuwan da suke bukata don shuka. Takeauki shine ƙasa don cacti da succulents. Idan ba za ku iya samo shi ba, ƙasa ta yau da kullun da aka haɗe tare da m yashi a cikin rabo na 4: 1 zai yi.
Shagon share furen don fure
Girman Tank na fure
A cikin tsire-tsire masu lafiya na Aloe, rhizome yana girma koyaushe, kuma a kan lokaci ya zama maƙil a cikin tsohuwar tukunya. An bada shawarar dasa tsiron kowane ɗan shekaru kaɗan a cikin tukunya mafi girma, in ba haka ba zai daina haɓaka.
Informationarin bayani! Don gano idan wata shuka tana buƙatar dasawa, zaku iya cire ta daga tukunyar. Idan Tushen an shiga cikin matsanancin dunƙule, ƙaura da ɓarnar ƙasa - lokaci yayi da za a yi aiki. Zai fi kyau dasawa a cikin kaka ko lokacin bazara, lokacin da shuka tayi aiki, kuma yana iya dacewa da sauri zuwa sabon yanayi.
Flowering da dormancy
Blooms Aloe a gida akai-akai. Don jira don fure, kuna buƙatar sake sake zagayowar shekara ta shuka a cikin yanayin kusanci zuwa mazaunin halitta, samar da shi da kyakkyawan kulawa. A cikin yanayin, lokacin furanni na Aloe har zuwa watanni shida. Launi ya danganta da nau'in ya sha bamban da launin ja da launin shuɗi da fari.
Kula! Yawancin nau'ikan Aloe na ado suna farawa ne kawai da shekarun shekara goma ko kuma daga baya, don haka kar a yi hanzarin jira furanni.
Don jin daɗin fure a cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa, kuna buƙatar shirya a gaba:
- A cikin watan Maris, fara ciyar da Aloe akai-akai dangane da dokokin da aka bayyana a sama.
- A lokacin rani, lokacin da dare yayi dumi, kai shi zuwa iska mai kyau, sannu-sannu kara lokacin da aka kashe akan veranda ko baranda. Kada ku manta game da shayarwa na lokaci.
- Farawa daga sanyayawar Satumba, ya zama dole a dakatar da "nau'in waje" kuma sanya tukunyar Aloe a kan taga mai haske sosai. Yana da mahimmanci ƙara yawan zafin jiki na ruwa don ban ruwa da digiri shida zuwa takwas idan aka kwatanta da zafin jiki na iska a cikin ɗakin.
- A cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar shirya wuri mai sanyi da bushe don shuka, inda zai iya jira lokacin hutawa, don haka taga sill sama da baturin ba shine mafi kyawun wurin hunturu ba. A lokaci guda, ana iya kiyaye matakin hasken ta fitila mai amfani da wutar lantarki.
- Tare da zuwan bazara, ya kamata ku ƙara yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin, yana tayar da furen. A wannan lokaci, yana da kyau kar a share shi da kowane motsi da juji na tukunyar. Kuna buƙatar sha ruwa sau biyu a mako.
Yadda Aloe Blossoms
Furen Aloe yana kama da kunne a kan kibiya mai tsayi da ke girma daga tsakiyar rosette, kuma tana kama da fure mai hyacinth tare da ƙananan ƙananan furanninta. Lokacin da shuka tayi kwari, kuna buƙatar cire ciyawar fure don hana samuwar tsaba. Don Aloe, wannan damuwa ce mai yawa, kuma ya fi kyau a hana ci, amma a ci gaba da kulawa, kamar yadda ake shirya shuka don fure.
Matsaloli masu tasowa, cututtuka da kwari
Aloe na gida furen fure ne wanda yake shine ƙarancin fassara a cikin namo, amma ga haɗari ga cututtuka da cututtukan fata. Yawancin ruwa mai zurfi akan tushen da ƙarancin zafin jiki na iya haifar da tushen tushe. Da bayyanar cututtuka ne quite m, amma zaka iya ajiye shuka kawai a farkon mataki na cutar.
Kula! Dry rot ne mafi haɗari saboda babu alamun bayyanar waje banda lalacewa mai kauri cikin yanayin Aloe. Tushensa ya bushe da sauri, inji ya mutu. Ana iya hana bushewar bushe ta hanyar kulawar aloe, tunda ingantaccen shuka zai iya jure farkon cutar da kanshi.
Daga cikin parasites suna kai hare-hare kan tsirran, mafi yawan su ne na gizo-gizo gizo-gizo da kwari kwari. Na farkonsu shine maganin milimita na milimita, wanda kasancewar sa galibi bashi yiwuwa a gano shi saboda girman girman sa. Alamun lalacewa sune busasshen yanar gizo da bushewa, ganye mai launin rawaya. Kuna iya kawar da mitar gizo-gizo tare da taimakon acaricides, amma don dalilai na rigakafi shi ne mafi kyawu kada ku ƙyale ƙasa ta bushe, tunda yanayin da ya dace da wannan gurbin ya bushe ƙasa kuma ba isasshen ɗan iska.
Cutar Aloe
Ana iya ganin saƙan nan da kullun kuma yana kama da kayan ƙira mai kama da kakin zuma a saman takardar. Kwayoyin suna ninka cikin hanzari kuma suna zama yankuna gaba ɗaya, suna manne wa ɓangaren litattafan almara da kuma hana ikon yin shuka don daukar hoto. Zai fi kyau ka ware Aloe da abin ya shafa daga wasu, don ka lalata tukunya ka siya magani na musamman don sikelin kwari.
Aloe (agave) furen fure ne mai amfani kuma kyakkyawa, kulawa wanda a gida baya buƙatar ƙoƙari da yawa, amma yana kawo farin ciki mai yawa. Dankin yana jan hankalin ba wai kawai da bayyanar sa ba, har ma da karfin warkarwa mai karfi.
