Ofaya daga cikin furanni gama gari da aka girma a gida shine Anthurium Andre. Fulawa na iya faruwa a duk shekara. Amma don cimma irin wannan sakamako, dole ne a kiyaye wasu yanayi.
Menene Anthurium Andre yayi kama?
Anthurium Andre al'adun gargajiya ne na tsufa na Aroids, wurin haihuwar su shine yankuna na Kudancin Amurka tare da yanayin zafi.
Lokacin da anthurium Andre ya fure, yana da kyau sosai
A cikin gandun daji na Kolombiya da Ecuador, ana amfani da epiphytes ta ganyen lanceolate na ganye mai launin shuɗi mai haske, tsawon farfajiya mai ƙyalƙyali a kan petiole ya kai kimanin 0.3 m. Infaƙwalwarsa ta ƙunshi furanni masu launin shuɗi da yawa. Bayan wani lokaci, bayan bacewar fure, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu sihiri na fure mai haske akan anthurium.
Furen yana dauke da sharadin sharaɗi. Anthurium ganye da mai tushe sun ƙunshi mahadi mai guba. Idan ya shiga cikin tsarin narkewa, zasu iya cutar da yanayin jiki da lafiyar mutane ko dabbobi.
Hankali! Ya kamata a tuna da guba na shuka lokacin zabar ɗakin don saka tukunyar, musamman idan akwai kuliyoyi, karnuka ko yara a gida.
Siffofin Kula da Gida
Girma na al'ada da haɓaka shuka yana faruwa ne kawai idan an samar da yanayi mai kyau da kulawa ta dace.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Tsarin zazzabi mai dacewa don narkar da furanni a lokacin rani shine + 20 ... +25 digiri. Idan ana karanta karatun thermometer zuwa digiri +18, hanyoyin da ke cikin shuka ke sauka da sauri, wani lokacin ma sukan daina.
A cikin hunturu, don watanni 1-2, anthurium ya shiga cikin yanayin hutawa, yana hutawa. Wanda yake da fure a wannan lokacin yakamata ya saka shi a cikin daki inda ake karanta karatun ma'aunin zafi da misalin kimanin digiri 15 na zafi. Ba yanayin zafi sosai ba yana taimaka wa shuka wajen samar da hazo kuma zai sa ya yiwu a fara raye a gaba.
Haske
Furen ba ya son hasken rana kai tsaye. Zai fi kyau a sanya shi kusa da windows akan yamma, gabas, arewa-yamma da arewa-gabas bangarorin gidan.
Zai yuwu a yi amfani da fitilun mai kyalli don ƙirƙirar hasken keɓaɓɓu yayin lokacin hasken halitta mai rauni (wannan galibi ya zama dole a cikin hunturu da ƙarshen damina).
Watering aiki
Ruwa don fure yana buƙatar wucewa ta cikin matatar ko dafa shi da kare.
Hankali! An ba shi izinin amfani da ruwa daga famfo na ruwa, amma kafin hakan kuna buƙatar tsarma ma'aurata kofuna ko ruwan lemun tsami a ciki.
A duk tsawon lokacin girma, ana iya amfani da ruwa a zazzabi na + 20 ... +22 don shayar da fure a cikin adadin da ake buƙata. Watering ne da za'ayi nan da nan, da zaran da topsoil ta bushe.
A cikin hunturu, ana rage adadin ruwa da yawan ban ruwa. Amountarin adadin danshi ko wuce gona da iri a cikin ƙasa daidai yake da haɓaka furen.
Dankali ya dace da Anthurium
Jin zafi
Furanni na wannan nau'in suna buƙatar zafi mai zafi a tsawon rayuwa (har ma a cikin kwanciyar hankali).
Don tabbatar da haɓaka mai kyau da haɓaka, ana bada shawara ga fesa ruwa mai ɗumi a kusa da harbe kowace rana safe da maraice. Kwandon ko tire na tire kusa da tukwane zai kuma ƙara zafi.
Kasar
Cakuda ƙasa ya kamata ya bar iska ta ratsa kanta. Wannan yanayin ya dace da ƙasa don orchids, wanda za'a iya siyan shi a cikin shagunan fure na musamman.
Lokacin shirya cakuda, ya zama dole don ɗaukar ɓangaren yashi na dutse daga gindin kogin, da dama na murƙushe pine haushi, coniferous, peat da koren ganye mai ganye, har da karamin dintsi na ci (dole itace).
Hankali! Ya kamata a ɗauki akwati na fure kadan, tare da kasancewar wani magudanar ruwa (fiye da 3 cm) da ramuka a bangon.
Manyan miya
Ana amfani da suturar abinci a cikin ƙasa kowane kwanaki 15-20 a lokacin girma. Don waɗannan dalilai, hadewar ma'adinai da aka shirya daga shagunan sun dace sosai.
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Furanni akan shuka irin wannan nau'in na iya bayyana a ƙarshen watanni na bazara. Andre yana fahariya da furanni masu haske masu haske waɗanda suke kama gabansa koyaushe.
Anthurium Andre ja - fure mai santsi
Tare da bayyanarsa a wannan lokacin, Anthurium Andre ya zama abin mamaki a zahiri. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, har ma mutanen da suke nesa da kiwo gidan yara suna kula da wata kyakkyawar fure, suna da muradin shuka wani abu kamar haka.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Wani lokaci irin wannan fure a Rasha ana kiranta Anthurium Andrianum ja.
Mai jan tsami
A lokacin haɓaka, ƙananan ganyayyaki suna mutuwa, kuma sababbin ganye a hankali suna girma a saman. Bayan wani lokaci, tsire-tsire sun rasa bayyanar ado kuma suna buƙatar sake sabuntawa.
Mai shi na fure yana buƙatar yanke saman, yana riƙe yawan adadin internodes, sannan ya tashi don ɗauka cikin ruwa ko ƙasa mai jika. Bayan ɗan lokaci, Andre zai sake farin ciki tare da ganye mai haske da kyawawan furanni.
Yadda ake yin kiwo
Anthurium yana haifarwa ta hanyar rarraba manyan tsirrai da raba rassa a kaikaice ("zuriya"). Waɗannan sune hanyoyi mafi sauƙi waɗanda galibi ana yin su yayin aiwatar da sabbin tsire-tsire.
Dole ne a raba tushen tare da wuka mai kaifi kuma a bi da shi da gawayi a cikin foda. Bayan sanya tsire-tsire cikin tukwane dabam, kuna buƙatar shayar da su sosai - ba za su sami tushe ba lokacin shayarwa sosai.
Wata hanyar yaduwa ita ce dasa tushe tare da ganye da kuma tushen tushe. Irin wannan mai tushe na iya ɗaukar tushe da sauri. Amma shaidar cewa ta wannan hanyar ƙirƙirar sabon bushes na Andre ba sosai.
Sake bugun anthurium shima ana iya yiwuwa ne daga tsaba, amma wannan tsari ne mai rikitarwa a gida. Da farko, kuna buƙatar fitar da furanni, da 'yan kwanaki kafin fure. Don yin wannan, shafa cobs tare da auduga ko buroshi sau da yawa.
Hankali! Idan akwai tsire-tsire guda biyu ko fiye, mafi kyawun zaɓi shine tsabtacewa.
Ana yin aikin pollination na hannu sau 2-3 a cikin 'yan kwanaki. Bayan pollination, yana da Dole a jira don samarwa da ripening na berries waɗanda aka kafa akan cob. Abu na gaba, kuna buƙatar haƙuri don haƙuri na Anthurium daga watanni 9 zuwa shekara.
Ya kamata a shuka tsaba cikakke nan da nan kuma za a cire naman kamar yadda zasu shuka nan da nan. Bayan kwanaki 7-14, tsiron zai fito.
Juyawa
Zai fi kyau a yi hankali lokacin juyawa cikin furanni na cikin gida. Anthurium Andre za'a iya dasa shi ne kawai idan ya zama dole. Misali, idan tukunya ta riga ta zama karami, ko kuma yayin yaduwa.
Sake bugun ta hanyar rarraba daji
Anthurium yana girma da girma a cikin babban tukwane da ƙananan tukuna; ya kamata ya kasance akwai lokacin farin ciki magudanar ruwa a ƙasan. Lokacin zabar sabon tanki, wannan bai kamata a manta da shi ba. Lokacin dasawa, kuna buƙatar zurfafa shuka, kuna kula da tushen da ganye. Bayan dasawa da Andre, dole ne a ɗaura shi a cikin turakun katako don kada harbe ya fashe.
Mahimmanci! Mafi kyawun ƙasa don Anthurium shine cakuda ƙasa daga gandun daji, daskararren daskararre, ciyawa.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Yawancin kwari da cututtuka na iya tsoma baki tare da haɓaka al'ada da haɓakar shuka. Babban kwari na anthurium sune jan gizo-gizo da kwari masu kwari. Yin gwagwarmayar su ba abu bane mai sauki kuma ba ya tasiri sosai. Shafa ruwa mai kyau da yayyafa a kai a kai yana da kyakkyawan lahani ga kwari masu cutarwa.
Furancin furanni sau da yawa suna rashin lafiya saboda rashin isasshen kulawa ko yanayin da bai dace ba. Babban cututtukan sune:
- Rot a kan asalinsu. Mafi yawan dalilan da ke haifar da yin juyi sune ƙananan yanayin zafi a cikin gida da kuma lalata ruwa na ƙasa.
- Anthracnose. Alamar wannan cutar itace bushewar launin ruwan kasa akan ganye, wanda da farko yakan sanya ganye ta bushe gaba daya, sannan kuma ya kai ga halaka gaba daya na tsire-tsire. Abu ne mai wahala kuma wani lokacin bazai yiwu a warkar da tsire-tsire daga wannan cutar ba. A matsayin kiyayewa, lambu masu gogewa sun ba da shawarar spraying fungicides.
Bugu da kari, Andre Anthurium zai iya shafa ta karayar tururi, tsatsa, mildew powdery. Duk waɗannan cututtukan ana iya gane su a matakin farko - a wannan yanayin, magani tare da tsarin fungicides na iya bayar da sakamako mai kyau.
Anthurium Andre wani tsire-tsire ne mai son gani wanda ke son kulawa mai kyau. Wani lokacin furanni na iya lalacewa, mara lafiya, ko kwaro ya shafa. Don hana wannan faruwa, dole ne a kula da tsire yadda yakamata. Amma duk wani aikin da aka samu yana da lada. Duk wanda ya sami fure daga anthurium ba zai yi nadamar dawo da irin wannan fure a gida ba.
