Furen Astra - abin da yake kama, canza launin ganye

Zai yi wuya a ba da amsa ba ga tambaya ga menene furanni na Aster suke ba, dangin Astrov suna da yawa. Akwai kabilu sama da 40 da suka banbanta da siffa, da ɗaukakar inflorescences, tsayin daji, siffar ganye, lokacin fure. Asters ana kiransu kananan furanni na furanni masu kama da na fure, da kuma sahunte na gargajiyar China, wadanda aka gaurayesu cikin yanayin fure.

Astra - wane nau'in fure na fure yake, wanda danginsu nasa ne

Sunan al'adar sunan ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Latin "aster". Fassarorin kalmomin '' tauraro '' suna cikin tsohuwar Hellenanci, pra-Indo-Turai.

Asters a cikin lambu

Astra itace fure ce ta dabi'ar al'adun herbaceous na iyali Asteraceae. Inflorescences-kwanduna iri uku ne na furanni:

• miƙa mulki;
• tubular;
• Reed.

Astra galibi ana kiranta kaka mai fure. An bambanta Duchess peony iri-iri ta hanyar inuwa mai laushi, alaƙar lush

A cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan furanni 600. Sakamakon bambancin jinsunan, asters:

• girma kamar furanni mai kasuwa;
• amfani da shimfidar wuri don gadaje na fure da kuma nunin faifai masu tsayi;
• balconies, loggias, bude terraces ƙawata tsummoki bushes.

Tsirrai na asteraceous sun banbanta da furanni, mai faranta wa ido rai daga bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Akwai nau'ikan shekara-shekara da na shekara-shekara, yawancinsu suna da nasu suna.

Bayanin taƙaitaccen, tarihin asalin ko zaɓi

An dauki China wurin haifuwar fure, daga can cikin karni na XVIII asters sun zo Turai. Akwai wasu nau'ikan 'yan asters na daji a Japan, Korea, Mongolia, da Far East. Masana kimiyya na ƙasashen Turai da yawa, Amurka suna cikin zaɓi. An san nau'ikan launuka daga Faransa, Jamus, Poland, Denmark, Sweden. Yawancin nau'ikan gida an gasa su. Asters of the Voronezh tashar kiwo ne musamman mashahuri.

Asters sune tsire-tsire na daji tare da ƙarfi, mai gashi, madaidaiciya. Ganyen aster suna da sikari a cikin nau'in tsiro, ana yin su a shekara. Suna girma babba a ƙasa, ƙarami a sama. Tushen tsarin asters yana da fadi.

A kan launi mai launi uku, nau'ikan furanni suna da bambanci sosai. A keɗe da aka yi da ƙananan ganye ya zama mai kyan gani

Lokacin da asters yayi fure

Babban abu shine inflorescence aster, a cikin bayanin nau'ikan, nau'ikan furanni biyu galibi ana rarrabe su:

• tubular, mai kama da kararraki masu tsauri, suna zaune a tsakiyar kwandon, akwatunan iri;
• Reed girma daga cikin inflorescence a daya ko fiye layuka.

Reed petals suna ba da furanni furanni na musamman, akwai:

• kunkuntar;
• juya
• madaidaiciya;
• karkatar da hankali;
• taruwa;
• sikeli;
• m;
• allura-mai siffa

Inflorescences sun bambanta a diamita:

• karami daga 1.5 zuwa 4 cm;
• matsakaici fiye da 4, ƙasa da 6 cm;
• babba har zuwa Decimita;
• manya-manyan 17-19 cm.

A sifa:

• lebur tare da ɗaya ko sama layuka na reeda petals;
• lebur-zagaye dan kadan an daukaka shi a cibiyar;
• hemispherical tare da tubular cibiyar da reed gefuna;
• mai siffar zobe, ya ƙunshi tubular ko fure mai nau'in siffofi daban-daban (an rufe shi da abin rufe gashi).

Kwanduna girma:

• a kan tushe na tsakiya (yawanci mafi girma);
• harbe-farko-farkon harbe (yana fitowa daga gangar jikin);
• tsari na biyu (yana zuwa daga farkon harbe).

Rarraba furanni tare da sunayen shahararrun nau'ikan, abin da suke kama

Sunan nau'in jinsunan asters yawanci ana alakanta su da sifar da tsarin sifar, wane irin fure yake gudana.

Af, da karin tubular furanni a cikin inflorescence, da karin tsaba ake samu. An yanke buds cikin bushewar yanayin bayan fure. Lambatu a cikin gidan da ke da iska, dumi, bushe.

Pwararren ɗan adam na shekara-shekara kusan gaba ɗaya ya ƙunshi furanni tubular har tsawon 2 cm.

Annuals

Heat-ƙauna Aster lambu botany yana ware a cikin wani daban shekara shekara Callistephus chinensis. Waɗannan su ne manyan inflorescences-kwanduna a kan babban sanda (guda ɗaya ko saka alama a cikin ɓangaren babba).

Perennial

An yi amfani da su don tsara dabarun, birane. Perennial shrub sanyi-resistant, greenery. Budsa'idodin fure suna tsayayya da frosts zuwa -5 ° C, da kyau hunturu, girma cikin sauri.

Popular iri:

• Jenny's kaka tsakiyar-aster mai ƙarfi tare da fure mai ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi, madaidaiciyar ƙwayar daga tubular buds;
• Uwargida marigayi marigayi a cikin Blue, nau'in septemberins tare da kwanduna har zuwa 4 cm a diamita;
• ra'ayi mara kyau na Gremlin tare da inflorescences acicular lush;
• Yawan nau'ikan Anderson suna kama da kantin magani.

Sabuwar tsohuwar bishiyar daji mai suna Maria Ballard ba mafi ƙaranci ba ce ga adon shekara. Blooms na watanni biyu

Dwarf

Yi amfani da shi don lawns, shimfidar baranda. Mafi karami tsayi daga cikin nau'ikan Monpassier, kawai cm 15. Pinocchio, Yankin, Curb aster ya haɗu zuwa cm 25. Sanƙanƙuwa mafi girma, har zuwa 35 cm, iri daban daban na Milady, Olympiad, Liliput, Scarlett, Triumph. Yawancin lokaci suna sayar da gaurayawan launuka daban-daban daga fari zuwa shuɗi mai duhu.

Matsakaici

Shahararrun nau'ikan Harlequin fararen fata ne, apricot, kifin, shunayya, ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi tare da hauka mai sa hawaye. Don yankan, iri iri Daria, Assol, Bride, Rasberi, Rita, Smile da sauransu suna girma. Ra'ayin da yalwatacce Rackley ana yaba shi da launuka biyu ko uku akan wani daji daya.

Dogo

Mita mai tushe na farin Aero Symphony an lashe shi tare da mai sihiri terry inflorescences tare da diamita har zuwa 9. cm serotypes launuka daban-daban suna samar da wani pyramidal daji har zuwa 80 cm tsayi, fure mai ban sha'awa mai girma ya kai cm 12. Wani nau'in zaɓi na Lady Coral. Ya bambanta da launi daga launin rawaya ruwan ciki zuwa shuɗi mai duhu. Girman inflorescences ya kai 17 cm.

Farin murfi wani girgije ne na duniya, wanda ke samar da daji gaba daya.

Kwayoyin cuta

Bambanta a yawan adadin kumburi na fata. Alena wani matsakaici ne mai sira irin rasberi mai ruwan hoda. Late cultivar Farar hoto mai siffa ƙwallon ƙafa, ta duniya. Erfur dwarf - mara girman kai, asters iyaka. Gatanan sarauniya, Natasha, Anita suna godiya.

Allura

'Yan kuran tsinke Reed kunkuntar suna da ikon toshewa. Haɗin ruwan Alice na farkon fure, shekara-shekara, diamita na toho har zuwa santimita 11. A lokaci guda, har zuwa sama 16 saukar da wahayi. Bunch iri-iri Galaxy an san shi da babban fure, siffofin har zuwa 24 buds. White Unicum, Comme il faut, Dusar kankara.

A cikin allura-kamar murɗa, fureran suna da kunkuntar, suna kama da dogaye masu tsayi. Hemispherical ko na sihiri inflorescences

Siffar-siffa

Abin da Aster yayi kama da shi ya bayyana daga sunan. Waɗannan yawanci kaka-fure iri-iri tare da petals lankwasa zuwa tsakiyar. Mace mai launin gashi mai launin shuɗaba-mai launin shuɗaba ya bambanta ta da kyakkyawan launi mai launi na babba na fure mai fure. Yablunyova mai mahimmanci ga launi mai laushi, terry. Shahararrun nau'ikan: Alexandria, Tower, Royal Peony, bouquet na mahaifiya.

Da launi

A cikin bambance-bambancen nau'in, ana samun duk inuwar rawar banbanci ban da baƙar fata. Violet of daban-daban jikewa ne sau da yawa samu, m sau da yawa kifi da lemo.

Terry

Terry shekara-shekara aster ne mai yawa (Forms a m toho) da matsakaici terry - sako-sako da inflorescence. Daga cikin Perennials, nau'ikan rani iri-iri na jerin Ballard masu launin shuɗi (Mariya) da launuka masu launin shuɗi (Saratu) sun shahara.

Lokacin ruwa

Yawancin lokaci ana tsince shi lokacin da asters na girma:

• Ana fitar da farkon farkon farkon bazara ko a ƙarshen Mayu, a farkon Yuli suna shuɗewa;
• bazara - fure daga farkon Yuli zuwa Satumba;
• kan marigayi ko kaka kaka bayyana a watan Satumba, kasance har zuwa dusar ƙanƙara.

Noma

Asters ana shuka su ne a cikin gidajen kore ko kuma ƙasa a farkon bazara ko kafin hunturu. Don samun farkon fure, an shuka ciyawar seedling a gida tun Maris. Da ke ƙasa akwai karamin umarnin saukar da ƙasa.

Iyawar ƙasa da ƙasa

Seedlings suna girma cikin raba akwakun cike da cakuda peat ko humus tare da ƙasa 1: 3 turf.

Tsarin iri da shuka

Kafin dasa, ana bi da iri tare da fungicides da tushen rot. An binne tsaba zuwa zurfin of 1 cm. Abubuwan fashewa sun bayyana a cikin kwanaki 3-7.

Lokaci

Lokacin dasa gida na asters don ƙungiya ta tsakiya yana da tsawo: daga kwanakin ƙarshe na Fabrairu zuwa farkon Maris. Ana shuka iri-iri na kaka a cikin gidajen kora a watan Afrilu, an rufe dusar ƙanƙara, an rufe da acrylic.

Yadda ake kulawa da shuki

Astra ba ta neman kulawa ba, zai fi kyau ta shayar da shi a farkon makonni daga fesawa, don kada ruwan ya yi zagi. Zazzabi kada ya kasance ƙasa da + 18 ° C. Sau ɗaya a wata, foliar saman miya tare da urea ana yin (1 teaspoon na urea da lita 1 na ruwa).

Saukowa

Lingsalingsan itacen suna shirye don dasa lokacin da ganye 5-7 suka bayyana. Ya danganta da yankin da yanayin yanayi, ana dasa tsire-tsire daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni.

Af, matasa harbe suna tsoron karfi dawo frosts. Bayan dasawa, an rufe harbe da gilashin filastik mai tsami.

Hanyar juyawa

M hatsi ƙasa na sanyi-resistant asters, dasa da kuma kula kamar yadda a cikin seedling Hanyar.

Ta yaya asters ke kiwo

Don tsire-tsire na perennial Astra vegetative da daji yaduwa an yarda.

Raba Bush

An ba shi izinin raba bushes daga shekara biyu. A kan Layer ya kamata ya zama koda tare da tushen tsarin (an rufe shi da cakuda ƙasa na 3 cm), 3 ko 5 harbe.

Yankan

Ana amfani dashi don adana iri-iri. Tushen da aka dasa har zuwa 7 cm tsayi ana shuka su cikin ruwa, ana dasa su a ƙasa.

Matsaloli masu yuwuwar girma

Kasancewa ga fasaha na aikin gona, tsire-tsire da wuya yin rashin lafiya.

Matsalar ganye

Asalin kasa (wilting yana farawa da ganye yana zuwa bushewa da tushe) yana bayyana akan ƙasa mai acidic, ana bi dashi ta hanyar rage ƙasa.

Karin kwari

Aphids ana lalata da kwari, kwari gizo-gizo - ta hanyar acaricides don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Metaldehyde, barkono ja ja yana da tasiri a kan slugs.

Cutar

Aster yana iya zama tushen tushen lalacewa; isasa ta cika da ash, Fitosporin. Brown rot, tsatsa da ganyen ganye suna bayyana akai-akai, ana bi da su da magungunan kashe fata Khom, Topaz.

Alamun rashin kulawa

Tsire-tsire masu ƙauna masu haske, ba a ɗaure buds a cikin inuwa ba. Tare da wuce haddi na nitrogen, ganye girma na rayayye, buds ƙananan. Bayan buduwa, ana buƙatar phosphorus-potassium fertilizing.