Bacopa wata itaciya ce mai cinyewa tare da ciyawar ciyawa wanda aka rufe da ƙananan ganye da furanni da yawa. Tsire-tsire suna cikin dangin plantain. Su ne na kowa a cikin marshy da yankunan bakin teku na yanayin zafi da kuma subtropical na Latin Amurka, Afirka, Ostiraliya da Kudancin Asia. Hakanan ana iya samun fure a ƙarƙashin sunan "Sutera." A cikin ƙasarmu, Bacopa ya fi dacewa da novice, amma tana da kyan gani da ƙwararrun bayanai har ta cancanci mafi kusantar kula da lambu.
Bayanin Botanical
Bacopa shine ciyawar ciyawar ciyayi mai tsami tare da dasawa, masu harbi. Tsarin tushen fibrous yana kusa da saman duniya. Kodayake tsawon lokacin da harbe-harbe zasu iya kaiwa 70 cm, tsayin tsararraki baya wuce cm 10-15. stearamin da yake kwance kai tsaye a ƙasa a cikin internodes na iya ɗaukar tushe. Tare da tsawon tsawon sa, kananan lanceolate ko kuma takarda mai fadi-onval petioles suna kusa da juna. Suna girma cikin nau'i-nau'i, giciye don hayewa. Ganyen ganye mai haske a tarnaƙi an rufe shi da kananan notches.
Fure na Bacopa yana da tsawo kuma yana da yawa. Kusan dukkanin lokacin dumi, ana yin furanni da ƙananan furannin axillary. Suna Bloom kamar dai a cikin raƙuman ruwa: yanzu mafi yawan, sannan ƙasa, amma suna koyaushe a kan shuka. Corolla daidai ya ƙunshi fure 5 da aka fantsama a gindi zuwa gajeriyar bututu. Furen furanni iri daban-daban ana fentin su a ruwan hoda, ruwan hoda, fari, shunayya ko shuɗi. Fitilar su bata wuce 2 cm ba.Karancin ya ƙunshi gajerun jumloli tare da manyan rawaya masu haske da ƙwayoyin ciki. Bayan pollination, ƙananan kwalaye waɗanda aka keɓe da busassun ganyayyaki sun bushe. Sun ƙunshi yawancin ƙuraje masu ƙura.
Jinsuna da nau'ikan ado
Zuwa yau, kwayoyin halittar suna da nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 60. Masu shayarwa dangane da su sun harhada nau'ikan kayan ado, wanda ya banbanta da launikan fure. Har ma akwai nau'ikan furanni waɗanda furanni daban-daban waɗanda launuka iri-iri ke buɗe lokaci guda.
Bacopa cikakke. Itatuwan perennial yana da harbe-harbe masu tsawo wanda yayi kama da kyau sosai a cikin tukwane na fure ko kuma a cikin furanni masu tsayi. Fentin mai tushe ana ɗaukar hankali da sabanin haske mai launin kore na ovate tare da gefuna baftisma. A lokacin furanni (daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba), an rufe shuka da furanni da yawa tare da furannin tubular. Iri:
- Gwal na Olympic - harbe har zuwa 60 cm tsayi an rufe shi da kananan ganye-kore, har da furen furanni;
- Bluetopia - mai tushe har zuwa 30 cm tsayi ana cike da duhu tare da ƙananan ganyen zaitun-fure da furanni-lilac;
- Scopia Double Blue wani yanki ne mai cike da ɓacin rai tare da ganye mai haske da furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Bacopa Monier. M mai tushe mai raɗaɗɗa a kan ƙasa. An rufe su da ganye na bakin ciki na yau da kullun na siffar obovate. Furen furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da diamita na 1-2 cm ana fentin su da fararen fata, shunayya ko shuɗi. Ana samun tsire-tsire a kan ƙasan da ambaliyar ruwa kuma zai iya girma a cikin ɓangaren ruwa.
Bacopa Caroline. Wannan zamani yana tsiro cikin yankuna masu narkewa ko cikin ruwa mai tsafta. Mai tushe har zuwa 30 cm tsayi girma kai tsaye, an rufe su da m ganye mai haske kore haske. Idan aka fallasa zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye, sai ganye ya zama jan karfe. Blossoms a cikin shuɗi launuka masu haske.
Bacopa dan asalin Australia ne. Shortataccen, mai matattara mai ƙarancin tsire-tsire yana haɓakawa a cikin ruwan ruwa. Otsan buɗe ido ana rufe su da zagaye zagaye ko m ganye har tsawon 18 mm. Fentin yana fentin a cikin gilashin fitila mai haske. Furanni suna fure a saman matakai. Kayan fulayensu masu launin shuɗi ne mai launi.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Bacopa yana yaduwa ta iri da kuma hanyoyin tsirrai. Don yaduwar ciyayi, ana amfani da sassan harbe tsawon cm cm 8. An yanke yankan mafi kyawu a cikin Janairu-Maris ko a watan Agusta-Satumba. Suna kafe a cikin yashi mai yashi. Ya kamata a binne ƙananan ganyayyaki na ƙasa a cikin ƙasa, yana daga gare shi cewa a cikin fewan kwanaki kaɗan Tushen farko zai bayyana.
Sau da yawa, harbe wanda ya fara hulɗa tare da ƙasa, har ma ba tare da rabuwa da shuka daga uwar ba, suna kafa tushen sa. Ya isa ya yanke irin wannan bugun da yake ciki kuma ya watsa shi da dunƙule na duniya zuwa sabon wuri.
Seedlings an pre-girma daga bacopa tsaba. Don yin wannan, a cikin bazara, kwantena suna cike da ƙasa mai kwance, wanda aka yalwata daɗaɗɗa. Smallestaramin tsaba an haɗu da ɗanɗano, kuma aka rarraba a saman duniya. Ya isa a cire su ta amfani da bututu. An rufe kwantena tare da fim ko murfi kuma an sanya shi cikin ɗakin da aka cika da wuta tare da zazzabi na + 20 ... + 22 ° C. A kullum kwanon ruwa yana fesawa. Harbe yana bayyana a cikin kwanaki 10-14. Lokacin da growa thean suka tsiro ganye na gaske 1-2, an daskare su cikin wani akwati mai nisa da cm 2 Lokacin da aka sake zaba bayan makonni 2-3, an binne ƙananan ganye. Tuni a wannan lokacin, ya kamata a hadu da ƙasa da takin ma'adinai. Lokacin da aka saita zazzabi a waje a + 12 ... + 15 ° C, tsire-tsire suna fara jurewa don sa'o'i da yawa don taurara. Mako guda baya, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa bude ko tukwane na fure a cikin dindindin.
Kula da tsiro
Kula da baco ba su da rikitarwa, amma ana buƙatar kulawa da shuka sosai.
Saukowa Bacopa za'a iya dasa shi a cikin ƙasa ko a cikin tukwane. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa a cikin yanayi mai tsauri, bacopa baya hunturu kuma ana girma a cikin lambu a matsayin shekara-shekara. Dasa ƙasa yana da ƙananan acidity. Gaurayawar abubuwan haɗin da ke ƙasa sun dace:
- yashi (sassa 2);
- humidu humus (sassan 2);
- ƙasar sheet (1 sashi);
- peat (1 bangare).
Haske Domin furanni ya kasance yalwatacce, dole ne a adana shuka a cikin haske mai walƙiya. Hasken rana kai tsaye na rana zai iya haifar da ƙonewa. An yarda da karamin penumbra.
Zazzabi Bacopa yana da tsayayye don sanyaya dare da zayyanawa. Zai iya girma a kan titi daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba. Itatuwan yana tsayayya da frosts ƙasa zuwa -5 ° C, amma ba tsawon lokaci ba. A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a kiyaye tsire-tsire na cikin zafin jiki na + 10 ... + 15 ° C. A wannan yanayin, harbe zai kasance m, kuma a cikin bazara wani sabon kalaman na fure mai yawa zai zo. Idan an adana bacopa a cikin hunturu, ganyayyaki zasu fara bushewa su fadi.
Watse. Bacopas yana son danshi; ƙasa ya kamata ya zama mai laushi a koyaushe. Ba a yarda ambaliyar ruwa na kasar gona ba a ciki ba. Ruwa da shuka tare da ruwa mai laushi, mai tsabta.
Taki. Tun da furen na rayayye yana inganta ɗumbin kore da furanni tsawon lokaci, ba tare da hadi ba ya bushe. Daga Maris zuwa Oktoba, sau uku a wata, an yi wa kashin bayan fata bacci tare da bayani daga hadaddun ma'adinai na tsirrai na fure.
Mai jan tsami. Ko da a kan matasa tsire-tsire, sun fara tsunkule da tukwici daga cikin harbe don samar da matakai a kaikaice. Bayan hunturu, ya zama dole don yanke wa rabi da mai tushe, musamman idan an mika su kuma danda.
Cutar da kwari. Bacopa yana da tsayayya da cututtukan shuka da yawancin kwari. Lokaci ne kawai a wurare masu inuwa ko a cikin matsanancin fari, kamfani ya shafa da aphids da fari. Bayan jiyya ta farko tare da maganin kashe kwari, kwari za su shuɗe. Don kawar da larvae, ana sake sake spraying bayan sati daya.
Bacopa a cikin akwatin kifaye
Wasu nau'in bacopa, alal misali, Caroline da Ostiraliya, a cikin yanayin halitta suna girma a cikin yankunan marshy ko kuma a cikin ruwan ruwa. Su za a iya amfani da shi don gyara shimfidar akwatin kifaye. Tsire-tsire suna unpreentious, undemanding ga tsarki na ruwa da sauri girma harbe. Godiya ga waɗannan fa'idodin, suna da kyau don masu farawa masu binciken ruwa.
Domin bacopa ya bunkasa sosai, ya zama dole a samar dashi da dumin haske. Ruwa ya kamata ya zama mai taushi da ɗan ɗan ƙara ƙarfi. A cikin ruwa mai tsauri, kazalika da rashin zafi, ci gaban yana raguwa sosai ko ya daina tsayawa gaba ɗaya. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na ruwa na bunkasar abinci shine + 18 ... + 30 ° C. Hakanan wajibi ne a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki mai arziki a cikin rashin ƙoshin halitta. Wasu nau'ikan sun yi fure da dama a ƙarƙashin ruwa, amma yawancin furanni masu fure a saman kara.
Amfani
Dogo, dogaye mai saurin girma akan kayan bacci suna da ɗimbin yawa tare da furanni da ganyayyaki. Suna da kyau kwarai ga ampel da ke girma a baranda, baranda, kuma a gonar. Za'a iya sanya tukunyar tukunyar-kwandon a cikin yadi a kan ginshiƙan arbor ko a bangon gidan. Bacopa zai iya tsayayya da zafi, iska mai ƙarfi ta iska da tsawa, kuma a lokaci guda zai riƙe kyakkyawarsa.
Hakanan, za'a iya amfani da tsire-tsire azaman murfin ƙasa a ƙasa ko kan tsaunin dutse. Tare da taimakonsu, suna ƙawata bankunan tafkunan da sauran abubuwan taimako. Yakan tsayayya da nutsarwar fure a ruwa da ambaliya. Harbi na iya jingina ga kowane farfajiya, suna yin shimfidar katako a tsaye ko a tsaye. Tare da taimakon naman alade, zaku iya ƙirƙirar tsari mai kyau don gonar fure. Yana da kyau a kusa da petunia, nasturtium, fuchsia, lobelia.
