Hanya mai ban sha'awa na begonias ya shahara tsakanin masu noman furanni waɗanda suka fi son kayan amfanin gona da ganyayyaki masu ƙyalƙyali da furanni masu ninka biyu / biyu. Ya danganta da iri-iri, tsayin dame na amon zai iya zama 20-60 cm, kuma tsawon ganyayyaki yakai 10-20 cm Kowane fure yasha tsawon kwana 10 kacal, amma sai sabbin fure suka fara yin fure. Furanni na iya samun peach, apricot, orange, dusar ƙanƙara fari, ja, launin ruwan hoda-ja, tabarau mai rawaya.
Buƙatun wuri
Don girma fure, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa amintattun begonias suna son haske mai haske, amma basa son hasken rana kai tsaye. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a sanya su a kan taga wanda ke rufe da tulle.
Ampel begonia
A karo na farko da suke ciyar da amfanin gona, lokacin da harbe suka fara girma. Don yin wannan, ƙara nitrogen, tunda yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar greenery. Lokacin ciyarwa a karo na biyu, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman don begonias. Tare da bayyanar buds da sauran lokaci, kuna buƙatar kulawa da furanni kamar haka: ciyar da su sau ɗaya kowace rabin wata, to furanni zai yi tsawo.
Mahimmanci! Al'adar tana buƙatar zafin jiki na iska a cikin gidan + 20-25 ° С.
Shuke-shuke ba sa son ƙarancin zafi. An fi sanya su kusa da ɗamara na peat wanda ke buƙatar a kiyaye shi rigar kullun. Fesa iska daga gun fesa a kai a kai, amma don kada danshi ya shiga kan tsire-tsire. Yana da kyau koyaushe kiyaye ƙasa ta zama mai daɗi. Shayar da ruwa mai laushi da ruwa.
A cikin zafi, dole ne a fesa iska kusa da tsire. Ya kamata a fitar da dakin da furanni yake daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, amma bai kamata a bari a zayyana ba.
Ana dasa ciyayi kawai a cikin matsanancin yanayi.
Ampoule Begonia: girma daga tsaba
Shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Fabrairu ko farkon Maris.
Idan kun sayi saitin tsaba a cikin manya-manyan, to, ana iya dasa su a cikin allunan peat. Don yin wannan, saka su a kan aljihunsa kuma zuba ruwa mai yawa, zasu karu da girman. Sannan dole ne a sanya iri ɗaya a cikin kowane kwamfutar hannu, a ɗan yayyafa shi da ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakin daga bindigar da aka fesa.
Shuka tsaba a kwaya
Kuna iya rufe allunan tare da polyethylene. Kada a bar ƙasa a cikin allunan ta bushe, ya kamata a kula da kullun.
Hakanan zaka iya sanya iri mai girma a cikin kowane sel na akwati na ƙasa, fesa da ruwa daga kwalban feshi da rufe tare da polyethylene.
Idan tsaba ba tare da harsashi ba, to, zai fi kyau shirya akwatina, sanya ramuka da yawa a ƙasan kowannensu. Sannan a zuba duwatsun dutse mai kyau na jujjuya a cikin akwati, sai kasa, yakamata ya mallaki kayan acid din dan kadan. Don yin wannan, Mix sassa 4 na ganye da kuma 1 ɓangaren ƙasa turf, 1 ɓangaren yashi. Zai fi kyau yin maganin ƙurar ƙasa a cikin tanda tsawon minti 30.
Ranar da za a yi shuka, ana bada shawara a shayar da ƙasa a cikin kwalaye. Sa'an nan kuma yayyafa tsaba a farfajiya na substrate, tare da rufe gilashi ko jaka na polyethylene. Kuna buƙatar sanya akwatunan a cikin wuri mai ɗora tare da zafin jiki na + 24-25 ° C kuma a koyaushe sanyaya ƙasa daga bindiga mai feshin.
Kula! Itatuwan farkon zai bayyana a cikin kwanaki 9-25.
Farkon farawa na filin ƙwaƙwalwa na begonia
Kulawar seedling
Ana iya shayar da shi ta hanyar sanya allunan peat ko akwatina a kan kwalin inda yakamata a zuba ruwa. Ya kamata hasken rana ya zama awoyi 12-13 a rana. Idan ƙarami ne, to ya kamata a fifita al'adu tare da fitilun fitilu. Kuna iya fara tsokanar begonias a cikin mako guda, kuna ɗaga fim a farko da kwata na awa ɗaya kowace rana.
Mahimmanci! Lokacin da harbe-harbe na farko suka bayyana, ba shi yiwuwa a hana duniya bushewa gabaɗa, hasken rana kai tsaye, da kuma rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa 21 ° C.
Idan ana girma seedlings a cikin allunan peat, to, lokacin da ganyayyaki uku na gaskiya suka bayyana akan kowace shuka, ana canza su zuwa tukunyar yumɓu tare da ƙasa, a hankali suna shayarwa. Idan girma a cikin kwalaye, to, kwanaki 50 bayan shuka ya kamata a fara. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar tukwane daɗaɗɗun yumɓu tare da ƙasa, wanda yakamata ya zubar kuma ya motsa gaba.
Bayan rabin wata, ya kamata a ciyar da seedlings tare da taki don begonias.
Bayan kimanin makonni 20, ana iya dasa bishiyoyi zuwa wuri na dindindin a cikin tukwanen rataye, filayen fure, filayen kwalliya da kwanduna. Ana iya sa su a baranda ko loggia a cikin iska.
Don bayani! Abubuwa biyu na furanni suna girma akan begonias - namiji (babba) da mace (ƙarami).
Cututtuka, kwari
Idan foliage da buds sun fara faɗuwa a kan begonia, wannan yana nufin cewa ya rasa danshi a cikin ƙasa da iska.
Idan an samo shi akan mai tushe, ciyawar ta yi fari, gari ne fari. Yankunan da abin ya shafa suna buƙatar a yanke su, kuma al'adar ta yayyafa da fungicides.
Powdery mildew akan begonia
Idan ana iya ganin rawaya mai launin rawaya a kan ƙwaya, wannan yana nufin cewa beraye gizo-gizo ja sun riske shi. Tsire tsire-tsire tare da maganin kashe kwari na gargajiya.
Amp Begonia: dasa shuki
Lokacin da hunturu ta zo, zaku iya siyan tubers. Lokacin sayen, yakamata kayi la'akari da su. Tubers ya kamata 3 cm a diamita, lafiya da kwanciyar hankali. Yankin concave yakamata yana da kodan 3-6.
Kuna buƙatar dasa tubers a cikin Maris, bayan sanya su na 1 hour a cikin kodadde ruwan hoda bayani na potassium permanganate. Sannan sanya gefen convex akan murfin yashi, yashi ko duniya kuma sanya shi cikin haske. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ya kamata a fesa da ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakin. Lokacin da sprouts bayyana a kan concave ɓangare na tuber, sanya su a cikin ƙasa.
Don ƙirƙirar substrate, kuna buƙatar Mix 2 sassan ƙasa mai ganye, peat 1 part, 1 part humus, 1 part sand. Canja wurin canzawa a cikin ƙananan tukwane. Sanya kowace tuber a cikin ƙasa 2/3, ruwa kuma kada ku bari a gaba, domin ƙasa ta bushe. Lokacin da fure suka zama tsayi na 10-15 cm, ana iya dasa bishiyoyin a cikin tukwane, tukwane. Kuna iya dasa begonia cikin gonar.
Ampel begonia: yaduwar ganye
Akwai hanyoyi guda uku don yaɗa begonias da ganye.
Na farko shine cewa kuna buƙatar yanke takardar zuwa sassa da yawa tare da wuka mai kaifi. Kowane sashi dole ne ya sami akalla jijiya. An sanya ɓangarorin takardar a cikin tukwane da aka sare ƙasa ko yashi. Rufe tare da fim ɗin polyethylene ko kwalban filastik.
Maganar Begonia ta ganye
Ya kamata a fesa ɓangarorin takardar a cikin bindiga daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, amma kada a yi hakan sau da yawa, in ba haka ba za su lalace.
Lokacin da ganye na farko ya bayyana a cikin kwanaki 20, zaku iya taurara shuka ta cire fim ɗin na mintina 15. kowace rana, sannu-sannu ƙara lokaci.
Bayan watanni 3, ana iya dasa tsire-tsire cikin tukwane, tukwane.
Mahimmanci! Kasan da yake kusa da al'adar bai kamata ya zama ta birgeshi ba, in ba haka ba akwai hadarin karya tsiron.
A matsayin ɓangare na hanya ta biyu, kuna buƙatar yanke ganye na wata shuka tare da yanke 7 cm kuma yanke shi a fadin jijiyoyin. Sannan sanya murfin ƙasa a ƙasa mai laushi, murƙushe duwatsun kusa da incisions. Rufe saman tare da fim ɗin polyethylene da wuri a cikin rana. Nan gaba, fesa kasar gona daga bindiga mai fesa.
Bayan kwanaki 30, sabon begonias zai yi girma kuma za'a iya cire fim din. Yaran da suka girma girma za a dasa su cikin tukwane, furannin furanni.
Hanya ta uku ita ce yanke babban takarda daga itacen kuma saka shi cikin gilashi da ruwa. Toara a gare shi 1 kwamfutar hannu 1 na murƙushe carbon da aka kunna. Idan ganyen ya fara jujjuyawa, to za a iya ɗanƙaƙa shi da sauƙi tare da ruwa. Lokacin da tushen yayi girma, zaku iya juyawa cikin kowane akwati.
Yadda ake kirikiri amintaccen begonia
Shuka da kulawa da ammoniya mai yawan gaske dole ne ya haɗa da pruning. Wannan juzu'i ne ko kuma cikakke yankan harbe don tsara girma, haɓaka da fure. Idan an kula da amfanin gona daidai, to, zaku iya ɗaukar darajar launi kuma ku tsawaita rayuwarsa.
Tsarin Sara:
- Lokacin da karamin shuka ya kai tsawo na 6-7 cm, zaku iya fara samar da kambi. Don yin wannan, yanke saman tare da almakashi. Wannan stimulates m girma na gefen harbe daga cikin amfanin gona. Bayan pruning, lamba da girma na watering ya kamata a rage saboda tsire-tsire fara girma da sauri.
- Lokaci na gaba dole ku datsa, lokacin da harbe-harbe na gefen suka girma zuwa tsawon 10 cm .. Kuna buƙatar datsa sama da koda wanda ke gefen kan harbin. Bayan zaku iya yanke mafi yawan overgrown ko bushe harbe.
Lokacin da ake buƙatar cropping:
- a cikin ganye leafoni na ado, inflorescences an yanke;
- lokacin da ganyaye ko ƙwayaye suka bushe, sai a yanke su don kada begonia tayi rashin lafiya;
- matasa begonias aka yanke;
- Ana gudanar da girki don hunturu.
Yaushe za a yanke tsirrai domin hunturu
Don lokacin hunturu, kawai ana yanke begonias bututu, wannan zai fi kyau a watan Oktoba. Idan ka rasa wannan ma'ana, to, ciyawar da fure za su yi girma karami kuma tushe mai kauri.
Kula bayan gyarawa
Bayan yadudduka, ya kamata a adana shuka a cikin zafin jiki na + 13-22 ° C da kuma iska mai zafi na 60%. Begonia yana hutawa daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu. A wannan lokacin, kuna buƙatar rage ruwa, yanke bushe mai tushe, zaku iya shayar da shi bayan saman Layer na ƙasa ya bushe gaba ɗaya. An ba da shawarar sanya tukunya a kan tire tare da peat mai laushi.
Mahimmanci!Maimakon peat a kan tire, zaku iya zuba pebbles ko saka kwano a cikin kayan maye. Amma yana da daraja tunawa cewa tare da danshi mai yawa da shuka zai iya lalacewa.
Sai na tsunkule mafitsara na birrai
Wani tsunkule yana yanke fiɗa na mai tushe da buds a ƙarshen rassan. Tsunkule a cikin bazara ko kaka, wato, kafin a buɗe buds ko bayan fure. Ya kamata a pinched idan ba zai yiwu ba a shuka amfanin gona.
Yadda za a tsinkaya aminin birni
Kuna buƙatar tsunkule ta wannan: a kan babban harbi, nemo maɓallin haɓaka na sama kuma yanke shi ta 1-2 cm .. Idan an yi pinch ɗin daidai, to bayan makonni 2-3 gefen harbe zai fara girma sosai.
Amonia mai ban sha'awa, dasa shuki da kulawa a gida wanda baya haifar da wata matsala - fure mai kyan gani. Yin gogewa da pinching suna da mahimmanci kuma mahimman ayyuka waɗanda suke haɓaka ƙawar fure da kayan ado. An rarrabe Begonia ta wurin ƙawancensa na musamman, saboda wanda zai zama kyakkyawan kayan ado na gida.
