Astra shine ɗayan shahararrun tsire-tsire na ornamental don lambu ko gado na fure. Wannan al'ada tana da hanyoyi masu inganci da yawa. Mafi inganci a cikinsu shine narkar da tsararrun taurari daga tsirrai. Yana ba ku damar samun adadin sababbin sababbin ƙwayoyi tare da ƙarancin aiki da lokaci.
Amfanin iri iri
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don haɓakar Aster na ciki. Mafi araha kuma mafi sauki shine iri. Yawancin lokaci baya buƙatar amfani da ƙarin kayan aiki da kayan. Abinda kawai kuke buƙata yana cikin gidan.
Yada tsire-tsire tare da tsaba, zaka iya samun adadi mai yawa na shuka. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, dukkansu za su iya zama cikakku.
Lokacin sauka
Ranar shuka tsaba ya bambanta da alamu da yawa.
Ta yanki
A cikin yankuna masu dumin yanayi, masu tsinkayen taurari sun fara yin shuka a cikin shekarun farko na Mayu. Ranar karewa don aiwatar da shi shine tsakiyar watan Yuni. A cikin yankuna na arewacin, an shuka al'adu a cikin Maris - farkon Afrilu. Lokacin zabar kwanan wata, wajibi ne don la'akari da cewa tsawon lokacin girma a cikin mashigar Alpine ya bambanta daga kwanaki 80 zuwa 130.
Dangane da kalandar rana
A cikin kalandar Lunar, mafi kyawun ranakun da za su iya shuka iri na amfanin gona a shekarar 2019 su ne:
- Maris 12-17, Maris 19-20;
- Afrilu 6-8, 11-13, 15-17, Afrilu 29-30;
- Mayu 8-17, 21-23, 26-28;
- Yuni 1-2, 5-6, 9-13, 16-20;
- Yuli 8-10;
- Nuwamba 6-8, 13-18, Nuwamba 24-25.
Zai fi kyau a guji dasa asters akan waɗannan ranakun:
- 21 ga Maris;
- Afrilu 5, 19;
- Mayu 5, 19;
- 3-4, Yuni 17;
- 2-3, Yuli 17;
- Nuwamba 12-13, Nuwamba 26-27.
Shahararren iri tare da hotuna
Mafi yawan nau'ikan asters asters sune:
- Albus
- Gloria
- Goliath
- Rosea
- Rubin.
Shuka tsaba
Perennial mai tsayi aster mafi yawan lokuta ana haifar shi da zuriya. Hanyar shuka a cikin ƙasa mara amfani ana aiwatar da ita bisa ga algorithm mai zuwa:
- Ana sanya tsaba a cikin tsagi tare da zurfin da bai wuce 4 cm ba.
- Ana shayar da tsire-tsire da ruwa mai ɗumi, ruwa mai tsafta kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa.
- Yankin da aka dasa tsaba an rufe shi da fim ɗin filastik amintacce, wanda bai kamata a cire shi ba har sai farkon harbe ya bayyana.
Hanyar seedling na amfanin gona ana kuma amfani dashi sosai. Hanyar ta ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa:
- Mako guda kafin shuka, da tsaba suna soaked a cikin ruwan hoda potassium permanganate bayani, sa'an nan kuma a nade a cikin wani moistened nama ga germination.
- Plaauki faranti, akwatuna ko tukwane don shuka.
- Don tsire-tsire, shirya ƙasa sako-sako da m. Lokacin amfani da lambun lambun, haka ma wajibi ne don magance shi tare da mafita na potassiumgangan.
- M tsaran tsagewa ana yin su ne a saman kasa, inda aka sa tsaba wadanda suka yi nasarar kyankyasar kwan.
- An yayyafa zuriyarsa tare da yashi na rabin milimita na yashi kuma ya daɗa da bindiga mai feshi.
Hanyar seedling ita ce hanya mafi dogaro don bunkasa ƙwaƙwalwar mai tsayi. Koyaya, aiwatarwarsa yana ɗaukar ƙarin lokaci. Amfanin iri na yaduwa daga amfanin gona shine rashin bukatar daidaitawa.
Bayan kula da sauka
Lokacin shuka a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, ya zama dole don kula da fim ɗin filastik mai kariya har sai seedlings ya bayyana. Lokacin da aka samar da cikakken ganye 2 na tsire-tsire, ya kamata a shimfiɗa sandunan ta wannan hanyar da tazara tazara tsakanin cm cm tsakanin mafi ƙarfi kuma mafi yawan samfurori na yau da kullun. Ba za a iya jefa tsire-tsire marasa amfani ba. Madadin haka, ya fi kyau a canza su zuwa wani wuri.
Nan da nan bayan an shuka iri na aster akan seedlings, an rufe filayen tare da fim ko gilashi a saman kuma a sanya shi a cikin ɗaki mai dumi, inda ake kula da yawan zafin jiki a + 20 ... 22 ° С. Bayan kwanaki 3-6, harbe na farko ya fara sama da ƙasa, kuma an ba da izinin zazzabi zuwa + 16 ° C.
Lokacin da aka samo cikakkun ganye na 3-4 akan tsire-tsire, dole ne a daskare su. A yayin wannan aikin, ana ba da izinin tsire-tsire dan kadan danyen Tushen saboda su reshe da kuma tushen tsarin ya zama mafi m da iko. Lokacin zana, yi amfani da ƙasa ɗaya kamar lokacin dasawa, amma zaka iya ƙara ɗan adadin toka a ciki. Watering da tsire-tsire ne da za'ayi sparingly, kamar yadda kasar gona ta kafe.
Kula dashi
Bayan bayanan ganye na gaskiya na 4-5 sun bayyana akan tsire-tsire, suna shirye don dasawa zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa. Ga masu tsattsauran taurari, yanki mai cike da hasken wuta ya dace. Ya kamata a kwashe ƙasa sosai. Al'adar tayi mummunar amsa game da ƙarancin zafi. Agarfafa ruwa zai iya lalata tsiron ko kaɗan. Shuka ba ta da mahimmancin buƙatun don acidity, amma tana ƙaruwa sosai akan ƙasan calcined.
Kada a girma Alersin asters a wuri guda fiye da shekaru 3-4, tunda sun fara girma da ƙarfi, wanda hakan ke cutar da ɗakunan furanni.
Makonni biyu kafin dasawa cikin ƙasa, ƙafafun suna buƙatar taurare. Don wannan, kwantena tare da tsire-tsire dole ne a fitar da su kullun. Da farko, zaman su cikin sabon iska ya kamata ya zama gajere, amma kowace rana yana ci gaba da ƙaruwa. Ya kamata a kiyaye ciyayi daga zayyanawa.
Nan da nan bayan an gama dashi, zasu buƙaci yin ruwa akai-akai. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ruwan da aka zazzage a zazzabi a ɗakin. Ana iya yin aikin mafi kyau a cikin dare yayin da rana ta faɗi. An zubar da ruwa a hankali a ƙarƙashin tushe, ƙoƙarin kada ya faɗo a kan ganye da tushe, don kada su tsokani ci gaban ƙonewa.
A kasar gona ya kamata ko da yaushe ya kasance m, amma ba overf buux.
A cikin shekarar farko, ana buƙatar ciyar da tsire-tsire matsakaici. Ga masu tsattsauran ilimin taurari, aikace-aikacen taki na rani biyu sun isa. Kusa da zuwa kaka, al'adar fara shirya don hunturu, kuma a wannan lokacin, gabatarwar nitrogen ne contraindicated domin ita. A lokacin kaka, an ba shi izinin aiwatar da aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen guda ɗaya na jiko ash.
Ya kamata a ciyar da tsire-tsire na manya tare da takin gargajiya ko kuma jiko na ash a cikin bazara. Wadannan abubuwan zasu inganta fure kuma su kara tsawan sa. Don dalilai iri ɗaya, furanni waɗanda suka daina hana ruwa yakan zama yawancin lokaci ana cire su. Idan kaka yana da tsawo da dumi, al'adu na iya sake farawa. Ba da daɗewa kafin farkon hunturu, wannan ba a so bane, saboda haka kuna buƙatar cire fure daga irin tsire-tsire.
Wani lokaci matasa masu ilimin taurari sun sami damar samar da fure mai cike da furanni a farkon shekarar rayuwa, kusa da damina. Wajibi ne a cire su yayin wucewa ta hanyar toho. Idan wannan ba a yi da furanni a yarda, to, tsire-tsire za su wahala mafi muni dalilai na hunturu zamani, kuma na gaba shekara za su fara Bloom.
Alpine aster tsaba ya girma a ƙarshen Yuli-Agusta. Ya kamata a tattara zuriyar daga farkon furanni.
Al'adar ba ta da matsala da kwari da cututtuka, amma a wurare masu launin, tsire-tsire wasu lokuta suna fama da mildew powdery. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar juyawa murfin mai tsayi zuwa wuri mai faɗi. Bayan wannan, yana da Dole a bi da plantings tare da kowane nazarin halittu fungicide. Mafi yawan lokuta ana amfani da Fitosporin a cikin wannan damar.
Bayan shekaru biyar na girma, kuna buƙatar kulawa da sake sauya tsire-tsire zuwa sabon wuri. Yana da kyau a jinkirta hanyar har zuwa faduwar. Ana cire tsire-tsire daga ƙasa tare da kulawa, da hankali kada ku lalata tsarin tushen.
Kafin farkon hunturu, ba a ba da shawarar barin ƙasa bare. Madadin haka, ya kamata a shimfiɗa yadudduka na ciyawa da ciyawa a kusa da tsire-tsire. Idan mai tushe da ganye sun bushe, ya kamata a rage su domin a shekara mai zuwa kada su tsoma baki tare da shuka don ci gaba da ci gaba na yau da kullun. Al'adar tana jure yanayin zafi sosai kuma baya buƙatar ƙarin tsari. Zaku iya yayyafa tushe na bushes tare da yashi - wannan zai hana daskarewa da kodan.
Girma mai tsayi asters daga tsaba ba shi da yawa. Wannan hanya ce mai sauƙi kuma tabbatacciya don samun samfuran samfuran shuka da yawa.
