Tulips sune ɗayan tsirrai masu tsire-tsire masu girma ba kawai a cikin Rasha ba, amma a duk faɗin duniya. Da yawa cikin kuskure sun yarda cewa sun fito ne daga Holland. Koyaya, mutane kalilan ne suka san cewa wurin asalin asalin halittar botanical, kuma ba nau'ikan da suke sakamakon aikin masu kiwo ba, shine Yammaci da Tsakiyar Asiya. A cikin bambance-bambancen launi da yawa da siffofi, kulawar tulip da haɓaka, gami da tabbatar da wadataccen fure, akwai su, ba tare da kayan dasa abubuwa masu inganci da dasawar lokaci ba.
Lokacin sauka
Lokacin da ake girma cikin tulips a cikin ƙasa buɗe, ana yin kwararan fitilarsu bayan fure.
Fure da tulips
Daga nan sai su sake sauka a lokacin bazara ko kaka.
An yi wannan ne don:
- kumbure kumburarrun cututtukan ƙwayar cuta da kuma zaɓar kayan shuka mai ƙarfi.
- kariya daga yanayin sanyi na hunturu na albasa a wasu yankuna da adana su a cikin yanayi mai kyau;
- hana zurfafa zurfin kwararan fitila zuwa irin wannan har ya zama yana da wahala a gare su su girka;
- mafi kyau duka shiri na bazara na fure.
Lokacin da kwararan fitila suna shirye su shuka
Tulips yana girma daga membranes na bulbous. Kowane kwan fitila, wanda aka sauya fasalin, yana fitar da fure guda. Cibiyarta tana ɗauke da toho na fure, wanda ganye ke kewaye da shi. Daga ƙasa, ana kiranta farantin basal, Tushen zai yi girma. Outer, flakes mai yawa yana kare nama na ciki, wanda ke gina ajiyar kayan abinci, daga rauni.
Tsarin Tushe Bubban
Lokacin da furanni ya ƙare, tsohon kwan fitila ya mutu, a maimakonsa an kafa sabon sa, wanda yara za su iya kafawa riga. Bulan ƙaramin ƙaramin childrena witha ne tare da yara waɗanda gardenersan lambu ke tono su kuma adana har sai an shuka. Yara za su yi aiki don halittar tsirrai.
Lokacin da lokacin shuka tulips, an ƙaddara yin la'akari da yanayin yanayin yankin da yanayin yau.
Janar saukowa ranakun
Don Siberiya, Urals, Yankin Moscow da sauran yankuna, hade da yanayin yanayi iri ɗaya, akwai wadatattun kwanakin shuka.
Kwanakun na dasa shuki a cikin yankuna daban-daban na Tarayyar Rasha
| Yankin | Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka | Lokacin dasa lokacin bazara |
| Yankin tsakiyar Rasha (ciki har da yankin Moscow) | farkon Satumba - ƙarshen Oktoba | mayun |
| Siberiya | ƙarshen watan Agusta - kwanakin farko na Satumba | ƙarshen Mayu - farkon watan Yuni |
| Ural ta Arewa | ƙarshen watan Agusta - tsakiyar Satumba | ƙarshen Mayu - farkon watan Yuni |
| Tsakanin Urals | ƙarshen watan Agusta - ƙarshen Satumba | iya |
| Ural ta Kudu | ƙarshen watan Agusta - farkon Oktoba | ƙarshen Afrilu - Mayu |
| Kuban | Oktoba | ƙarshen Fabrairu - Maris |
| Crimea | ||
| Harabar Guduma |
Don takamaiman kwanakin kalanda, kuna buƙatar kula da takamaiman yanayin yanayi.
Mahimmanci! Yayin dasa shuki na bazara, yakamata ƙasa tayi zafi zuwa + 10 ° C. A cikin kaka, an dasa shi a zazzabi na ƙasa na 6 zuwa 10 ° C. Sa'an nan kwan fitila zai ɗauki tushe sosai, kuma ba zai yi tsiro a cikin fall ba.
Dalilai na dasa shuki a cikin kaka
Duk da yiwuwar damina da dasa shuki, akwai kusan babu zabi ga kwararru lokacin da za'a dasa shuki. Mutane da yawa sun fi son dasa shuki.
Don yankuna na arewacin tuni a ƙarshen watan Agusta, don sauran - a cikin kaka, lokacin ya zo lokacin da za a shuka tulips. Wannan zai kara inganta rayuwar su. Tare da rage zafin jiki a cikin yanayin yanayi, kwararan fitila da karfi suka fara daukar tushe, suna jan abubuwan gina jiki daga ƙasa, su, bi da bi, za su ba da ƙarfi ga shuka su yi fure tare da zuwan bazara. Lokacin rani ne a gare su lokacin hutawa.
Filayen Tulip
Abin da ya sa tulips dasawa a cikin kaka kaka da sauri girma da kuma samar da furanni masu girma. Idan aka dasa su a cikin bazara, launuka na buds na iya zama paler, da mai tushe ba su da ƙarfi da tsumburai. Tsarin rayuwar halitta na shuka yana rikicewa, zai ɗauki kimanin wata ɗaya don kyakkyawan tushe, kawai sai tulip ɗin yayi girma.
Noman Tulip Noma
Abubuwan da ke shafar yanayin lokacin yanke lokacin shuka tsiro ne ana nuna su ta yanayin iska mai ƙarancin zafi da ƙasa ta sanyaya zuwa + 10 ° C.
Wannan an kafa shi ne bisa la'akari gwargwado:
- Idan dasa ya fara da wuri, kwararan fitila na iya yin shuka kafin lokacin sanyi kuma ba zai tsira lokacin hunturu ba;
- A cikin ƙasa mai sanyi, ana rage girman haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal, kuma voles waɗanda ke kama da kwararan fitila ba su da ƙarfi.
Ta yaya kuma daga inda za'a ajiye kwararan fitila har sai faduwa
Girma tuli daga kwan fitila yana nuna adana shi cikin yanayi mai kyau har sai an dasa shuki. Bayan digging, an tsabtace kwan fitila, an bi da shi tare da fungicides kuma ya bushe. An zubar da albasarta da aka bushe
Ka'idojin ka'idodi don shiri da ajiyan kayan dasa:
- Kwararan fitila suna bushe tsawon kwanaki 6-7 a cikin busasshen wuri, amma an kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Misali akan aljihun gidan. Idan akwai sito a cikin kasar, to zaku iya bushewa a wurin;
- Kwanakin farko na 10-15, ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki na 24-28 ° C, sannan -18-20 ° C, sati daya kafin dasa shuki - 12-15 ° C;
- Ana kiyaye danshi a matakin 65-70%, wanda bazai ba da damar albasa su bushe ba sosai. Koyaya, yawan wuce haddi zai haifar da farawar ayyukan maye;
- Mafi kyawun tanki ajiya sune katako ko kwali, kwanduna tare da samun iska. Wani lokacin za'a iya sanya albasa kai tsaye akan shelf. Idan rukunin na biyu yana dunƙule, to, an sanya hoton labarai farko. Don kare kan rodents, raga da kwararan fitila suna rataye a jikin bango;
Mahimmanci! Kwantena na filastik tare da murfin madaidaiciya da jaka filastik ba su dace da ingantaccen adana kwararan fitila ba.
- Ya kamata a bincika kayan dasa a kai a kai, tare da cire samfuran da suka lalace.
Ban fitila
Yadda za a dasa tulips
Baya ga kwanakin da suka dace, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda mafi kyawun shuka tulips saboda su ji daɗi. Nasarar germination na kwan fitila ya dogara da zurfin dasa.
An ƙaddara ta da diamita (D) da nau'in kasar gona:
- a cikin yashi mai ƙasa - 3D;
- a cikin yumɓu lãka - 2D.
Yawanci, ana shuka tulips a cikin furrows a layi daya a nesa na akalla 0.2 m daga juna.
Tsarin aiki
- Idan an aiwatar da dasa a cikin busasshiyar ƙasa, an riga an sake danshi;
Mahimmanci! Idan ya cancanta, an ƙara ƙaramin ƙwayar ƙwayar potassium a ruwa.
- Yayyafa ƙasa na tsagi tare da yashi;
- Ana sanya fuka-fuka tare da tukwici masu kaifi, kowane bayan kusan 10 cm;
Dasa tulips a furrows
- Bayan haka ana yayyafa su da toka kuma ana saka wasu yashi a cikin tsagi tsakanin kwararan fitila;
- Fuskokin an binne su gaba ɗaya, ƙasa kuma aka shimfiɗa su.
Preparationasa shiri
Abin da ƙasa ake bukata don tulips? Suna girma da kyau a cikin ƙasa lambun al'ada. Clay (tare da stagnation na danshi) da kuma yashi kasa sun fi wuya a yi haƙuri. A irin wannan yanayin, namo tulips ba shi da matsala, sun yi talauci sosai. Soilasasshen abincin alumina na dindindin wanda yake tsaka tsaki ko ɗan acidic ya dace.
An ƙara alli a cikin ƙasa mai acidic, kuma an haɗa yashi na kogin yumɓu.
Kimanin wata guda kafin shuka, sun tono ƙasa, daga baya kuma takin:
- ash;
- peat ko takin ganye;
- superphosphate.
Mahimmanci! Ba a yarda da amfani da taki mai resharanci ba azaman amfanin gona.
Zaɓin wurin zama
Tulips suna ƙaunar wuraren rana, tare da ɗakin kwana wanda iska ba ta hurawa. Su za a iya bred a kan gadaje daban ko kuma a hade tare da wasu tsire-tsire.
Yaushe kuma yadda ake dasa shuki a cikin bazara
Rashin kyau na dasa shuki shi ne cewa a mafi yawan lokuta tulips ba sa fure kwata-kwata, kuma dole ne ka jira su su yi fure kawai a shekara mai zuwa. Wani lokaci, tare da isasshen farkon dasa, riga a cikin Maris, kuma m spring weather, tulips iya samun lokaci don samun ƙarfi ga fure. Wasu lambu suna dasa su a cikin hunturu, a cikin bazara kawai suna motsa su zuwa ga bude ƙasa. Sannan akwai yuwuwar samun damar warware matsalar yadda ake shuka tsirowar fure a cikin bazara.
Daidaitaccen ma'aunin kwararan fitila don dasa shuki
Idan ana tunanin cewa kawai a cikin bazara lokacin zai zo lokacin da ya zama dole don dasa kwararan fitila kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa buɗe, to, suna buƙatar a sa su a cikin kwantena guda kamar lokacin lokacin bazara. Bambancin kawai shine cewa zazzabi ɗin ajiya ya zama daga 0 zuwa 3 ° C, in ba haka ba albasa za ta yi toho fiye da yadda ake buƙata. Wannan wurin ba zai iya zama ɗakunan gida ba, kawai cellar ko ɗakuna.
Alamar albasa don adana hunturu
Wadanda suka girma tulips na siyarwa za'a iya dasa su a cikin lambunan gona da wuri fiye da yanayin yanayi na yanayi.
Ana shirin dasa shuki a cikin bazara
Don shirya don dasa, ana aiwatar da ayyuka masu zuwa:
- Idan an adana kwararan fitila a cikin cellar a ƙarancin zafin jiki, to suna da taƙama sosai. Lokacin sayen kayan da aka shirya da kayan shuka a cikin bazara, ya kamata ka saka shi a cikin firiji, nesa da injin daskarewa, kwana ɗaya kafin dasawa;
- Sa'an nan a nutsar da albasarta a cikin maganin maganin ƙwaro na dindindin na rabin sa'a ko bi da fungicides;
- Sanya su ta hanyar kwararan fitila ka cire mara lafiya, ɓata, bushe. Idan ana iya rarrabe kwararan fitila, to kuwa an zaɓi mafi girma.
Mahimmanci! Amfani da kwararan fitila ba wai kawai ba kawai yana kawo tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi ba, har ma yana iya lalata samfuran lafiya.
Soaking kwararan fitila a cikin potassium permanganate
Kwan fitila dasa a cikin ƙasa
Ana aiwatar da saukowa ta waje bisa ga ka'idoji iri ɗaya kamar lokacin fada. An shirya ƙasa kamar haka.
Yadda ake girma tulips a cikin tukwane ne yake ƙaddara ta hanyar burin lambu. Idan distillation na tsire-tsire wajibi ne don dasawa, to sai a ɗauki ƙananan tukwane. Idan kuna niyyar yin amfani da gadaje masu fure da furanni, an zaɓi kwantena girman da ya dace, saboda zai zama mazaunin dindindin ga furanni.
Tun da mabuɗin don fure mai nasara shine farkon dasa kwararan fitila a cikin bazara, kuma yanayin bai ba da izinin wannan ba, dasa shuki a cikin tukwane tare da canja wuri zuwa ƙasa na iya taimakawa wajen samun ingantaccen tushe da sauri da karbuwa.
Dasa kwararan fitila don distillation
Za'a shimfiɗa rufin magudanar a cikin tukwane, to, za a cika abin da keɓaɓɓun. Kuna iya dafa shi da kanka ta hanyar haɗa peat da yashi a cikin rabo na 5: 2, ko siyan kantin sayar da kaya. Don haka ya kamata ku dasa albasa ku sanya tukwane a cikin sanyin (kimanin 15 ° C), a inda ake isasshen hasken. A cikin ƙasa mai bude gonar, dole ne a dasa irin wannan tulips tare da dunƙule mai ƙura.
Bayan kula da sauka
Domin tulips zuwa Bloom, dasa da kuma kula a cikin ƙasa dole ne a bi da wasu sharudda:
- A cikin kaka, dasa bishiyoyin da aka shuka ba za su buƙatar kulawa da su ba, sai dai don adana su bayan sanyi tare da furen 5-cm na busassun ciyawa, guda, haushi, peat, da dai sauransu;
Mahimmanci! A cikin yankuna masu sanyi a cikin hunturu dusar ƙanƙara ana shuka shi don dasa, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin dumama.
- A cikin bazara, lokacin da kuke buƙatar tsinkaye furanni, dole ne a shayar dasu akai-akai, amma ba don ba da damar turɓaya ba danshi da ruwa don shigar da ɓangaren girma na tulips. Ya kamata a kawo danshi da farko tushen;
- Rigar ƙasa dole ne a kwance kuma sako;
- Bayan bayyanar sprouts, tulips suna hadu tare da shirye-shiryen dauke da nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus. Kuna iya amfani da takaddun takaddun takamaiman don furannin kwan fitila.
Watering tulips
Don tsawan furanni, suna dasa bishiyoyi daban-daban na tulips kuma suna jin daɗin launinsu mai haske da launuka iri-iri a cikin lambun daga Mayu zuwa Yuni. Tulips suna da kyau da gaske lokacin da tsire-tsire suke da ƙarfi kuma fure tayi yawa, wanda za'a iya samun sauƙin tabbatarwa tare da kulawar da ta dace.
