Wannan fure na cikin gida kawai ya isa tsawo na 30 cm, yana da tushen flattened tare da diamita ba fiye da santimita 10. Amma yana tasowa da himma, don haka kowace shekara shuka yana buƙatar sabon iko. Don hanya ta yi nasara, yana da mahimmanci a san ka'idodin yadda ake watsa cyclamen.
Shuka dasa
Ofaya daga cikin buƙatun jin daɗin don fure da aka bayar shine ƙaramin tukunya wanda ya zama abin hanzari. Ana yin aikin dasa cyclamen musamman a shekara. Wannan hanya za ta guji cutar tushe kuma ta daɗaɗa fure mai aiki. Tsarin kanta ya ƙunshi shirye-shirye da manyan matakai, inda ya kamata a ba da fifikon farko.
Kyakkyawar fure
Bush shiri
Dole ne koyaushe ku tuna cewa dasawa yana sanya shuka a cikin damuwa. Sabili da haka, cyclamen ya kamata a shirya don hanya mai zuwa. An ƙaddara su da farko daga lokacin taron - ya kamata ya zo daidai da farkon girma.
Kula! A cikin nau'in Farisa, tashi daga bacci yana faruwa a cikin watanni daban-daban, a cikin Turai wannan lokaci kusan ba ya nan. Alamar zuwa lokacin da za'a iya yin amfani da kwayar cutar cyclamen zai zama bayyanar sabon ganye a jikin tarin fuka.
Lokacin da suke shirya tsire-tsire, suna aiwatar da irin waɗannan ayyuka:
- an cire fure a hankali daga tsohuwar tukunyar;
- girgiza ƙasa daga tushen kuma bincika su;
- Bayan gano rot da sauran rikitarwa, an yanke tushen matsala.
Cyclamen cirewa daga tukunya
An dasa tsire na ɗan lokaci a cikin rauni mai sauƙi na potassium permanganate don lalata sassan. Na gaba, ci gaba zuwa shirye-shiryen sabon tanki.
Wiwi da kuma zaɓi na ƙasa
Bai kamata ku ɗauki ƙarfin da yawa ba, in ba haka ba inji zai jagoranci manyan sojojin zuwa ci gaban tushen tsarin to lalacewar ɓangaren jirgin sama. Hakan ya biyo bayan gaskiyar cewa diamita na tukunya ya kamata ya wuce girman ƙwayar ta hanyar 2-3 cm kawai.
Mahimmanci! Ko da kuwa kwandon sabo ne ko an yi amfani dashi, an riga an lalata shi sannan kawai a cika shi da ƙasa.
Akwai hawan Tulip da aka shirya da aka sayarwa, wanda ya dace da tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Za ku iya sa substrate da kanka ta hanyar ɗaukar:
- 1 yanki na peat, humus, yashi;
- 3 sassa na sheet ƙasa;
- kadan vermiculite (vermion).
Don kauce wa kamuwa da cuta, lalata larvae na kwaro, kafin a watsa cyclamen cikin wata tukunyar, dole ne a sanya ƙasa a cikin tanda na tsawon awanni 2.
Kan aiwatar
Bayan sun gama da matakan shirye-shiryen, sun fara dasa shuki a cikin sabon akwati. Tsarin-mataki-mataki algorithm yayi kama da wannan:
- a kasan tukunyar sa karamin Layer na tubalin da ya fashe ko yumbu mai kauri;
- cika tanki da ƙasa;
- an sanya tarin fitsari a tsakiyar, yana yayyafa daji daga bangarorin tare da ƙasa;
- Ana amfani da ƙasa ƙasa tare da danshi.
Idan bayan shayar da ƙasa ƙasa kadan, har yanzu ana ƙara ƙasa a tukunya.
Canza furanni zuwa cikin sabon tukunya
Ta hanyar tono cyclamen, ba a binne tarin kwayoyin cutar gaba daya. A cikin iri-iri na Farisa, ya kamata ya yi daidai 1/3. A cikin ƙasar da ba ta da ƙasashen Turai, an bar firam 1.5 cm.
Kulawar gida bayan dasawa
Koda cyclamen da aka daidaita sosai yana buƙatar kan girma yanayi. Lokacin da shuka yake fuskantar damuwa, yakamata ya mayarda hankali sosai, yana lura da dukkan bukatun fasahar noma.
Haushi
Cyclamen fi son babban zafi. A lokacin zafi, zaku iya fesawa da ruwa mai ɗumi daga bindigar fesawa, kuna ƙoƙarin hana danshi kaiwa matakin girma (in ba haka ba daji zai mutu). Ana aiwatar da hanya yayin da ake ƙaruwa cikin taro mai kore. Da zaran cyclamen shiga cikin lokaci na budurwa, an daina spraying.
Zazzabi
Furen cikin gida baya son zafi. Sabili da haka, a lokacin rani, ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a gidan da misalin 20-22 ° C. A cikin hunturu, ana saukar da shi zuwa 10-15 °, idan daji ya kasance a wani yanayi mai sanyi, to zaku iya rage shi kaɗan. Ya kamata a kwantar da dakin cikin kullun. A lokaci guda, baza a bada izinin zane ba.
Wuri
Cyclamen baya son hasken rana kai tsaye. Sabili da haka, sanya tukwane na fure akan windowsill ko na gabas ko yamma. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to, zaɓi ɓangaren kudu, yana ba da hasken rarraba. Windows ta arewa ba su dace saboda rashin hasken mara kyau (musamman a cikin hunturu).
Wurin kwanciyar hankali
Watse
A shuka sauƙi yi haƙuri kadan fari, ba shi da lafiya daga waterlogging. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a zubar da fure fiye da cikawa, ƙara ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi. Yawan danshi ya dogara da kan ci gaban:
- a lokacin furanni, ana adana ƙasa a koyaushe;
- a ƙarshen fure, ana rage yawan ruwa.
A cikin nau'ikan da aka haɗa cikin rayayyar motsi da faɗakarwa, ƙasa a cikin tukunya tana danshi lokaci-lokaci don kar ta bushe gaba ɗaya.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Da zaran shuka ya dauki tushe, zai bukaci karin abinci mai gina jiki. Gudanar da shi wata daya bayan sanyawa a cikin sabon akwati, ta yin amfani da takin ma'adinan hadaddun don tsire-tsire na ornamental.
Ana maimaita hanyar kowane mako 3 har zuwa farkon budding. Da zaran cyclamen blooms, da rage yawan miya a rage zuwa 1 lokaci na wata daya.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Masu farawa, masu sha'awar tsabtace gida, suna sha'awar yadda ake yada cyclamen da kyau saboda kada asarar tasirin ado. Ayyuka a cikin hanyoyi da yawa: jariri, shuka, ganye da rarrabuwa na ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.
Tsaba
Domin tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa daga kansu daban-daban, kuna buƙatar samun akalla aa ofan bushes don pollination wucin gadi a cikin gidan. Sabili da haka, yana da sauƙin saya tsaba da aka yi da cyclamen a cikin shagon fure. Wannan hanyar haihuwa ana daukar mafi kyau duka, musamman ga ire-iren Persian.
Idan za a iya dasa shuki a cikin sabon tukunya a kowane wata, sannan shuka ya fi kyau a watan Agusta, sakamakon wannan algorithm:
- shirya maganin sukari 5% kuma jiƙa tsaba a ciki;
- iri da ya hau saman farfajiya ana jefa shi ba tare da yin nadama ba;
- sannan an canja zuriya don awanni 8-12 zuwa maganin Zircon (4 saukad da kowace kofin 0.5 na ruwa);
- tsaba an cire su daga biostimulant an shimfiɗa su akan kanfukan auduga kuma an rufe su da bandeji don kumburi;
Mahimmanci! Saboda haka cewa tsaba suna da kyau kafe, yana da kyawawa don germinate da su, ya bar su nan ma rana guda a ƙarƙashin wani nama mai ɗimbin yawa.
- wani ƙaramin filastik mai ƙarancin gaske (zai fi dacewa a bayyane) ya cika da cakuda peat da yashi, waɗanda aka ɗauka daidai gwargwado;
- shimfiɗa tsaba a farfajiya kuma yayyafa su da cakuda ƙasa har zuwa 1 cm;
- an rufe akwati tare da fim ɗin opaque.
An kori iska mai bushewa lokaci-lokaci da danshi. Cyclamen daga tsaba a gida zai ba da farkon seedlings a cikin wata daya da rabi. An cire fim din nan da nan, an canja akwatinan zuwa wuri mai sanyi (15-17 °), wuri mai cike da haske.
M harbe
Roayoyi suna narkewa yayin da nodule ya zubo daga ƙasa kuma ganyayyaki 2-3 suka hau kansa. Kuna buƙatar dasa sabbin bushes a cikin ƙananan kwantena (alal misali, kofuna waɗanda filastik).
Akwatin ta cika da murfin yashi, peat da ƙasa (1: 2: 4, bi da bi). Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin ƙasa cakuda, yana yayyafa nodules tare da shi. Ana aiwatar da riguna na farko na tumatir a cikin mako guda, suna ɗaukar takin fure a cikin ƙaramin taro ("Tsvetovit", "Ferovit", "Kemira Lux").
A cikin tukunya na dindindin, tare da diamita ba fiye da 8 cm ba, ana dasa kananan bushes bayan watanni 6. A wannan yanayin, ƙwayar ba ta cika nutsar da ƙasa ba, ta bar kashi na uku a saman farfajiya.
Yana da mahimmanci a aiwatar da ingantaccen ruwa na tsire-tsire matasa.
Mahimmanci! Domin danshi ya gudana kai tsaye zuwa tushen seedlings, yi amfani da pipette. Da farko, ciyawar da ke cikin seedling tana dafe sau 2 a mako. A nan gaba, lokacin da seedlings dauki tushe da kyau a cikin tukwane mutum, watering ne rage zuwa 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 10.
Yara
Wannan hanyar ta shahara tsakanin masu lambu, saboda tana ba da garanti mafi girma na rayuwa. An aiwatar da hanyar a cikin rabin biyu na bazara, lokacin da yara da yawa suka kafa a cikin igiyar ciki. Bayan zabar mafi ƙoshin lafiyar minicubber tare da koda, yi amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin:
- albasa an yanke shi a hankali daga babban tuber;
- nutsar da shi a cikin wani abin da aka saba don cyclamen, an zuba shi a cikin peat ko kofin filastik;
- a saman suna rufe da gilashin gilashi, bayan sun gina sean ƙaramin kananzir.
- lokaci-lokaci ana cire tsari kuma ana duba kasa domin danshi;
- bayan makonni 2, lokacin da ganyen farko suka fito, sai a tsabtace tukunyar kuma a lura da jariri, kamar yadda aka saba.
Zaɓin Baby
Bayan ɗan lokaci, ana motsa seedling zuwa tukunyar filawa. A rana ta 30 bayan rabuwa da jariri daga uwar giya, ana yin sutturar miya ta amfani da ingantaccen bayani na takin ma'adinai.
Raba Tuber
Yi ƙoƙarin yaɗa cyclamen ta wannan hanyar kaɗan ne sosai, saboda za ku cutar da tushen. Yanke kullun yana ƙare da juyawar delenki kuma yana iya tsokani mutuwar daji igiyar ciki. Sabili da haka, an bada shawarar yin amfani da wannan hanyar kawai a cikin matsanancin yanayi.
Mahimmanci! Don samun lafiyar cyclamen, ana rarraba haifuwa ne kawai a cikin lokacin hutawa.
Shirya hanya a hankali, yi shi ba tare da sauri ba, bin umarnin:
- ranar da za a rarraba, kasar gona ta jika har sai tarin sauki ya cire;
- Tushen an wanke shi da ruwan dumi, an tsaftace ruwa, an cire dukkan duniya;
- Wuta mai kaifi mai kaifi ana kunna wuta a kan harshen wuta kuma an ba ta izinin sanyaya;
- Tushen ya fi kyau zuwa kashi biyu (a cikin matsanancin yanayi, 4) sassa; a kowane ɗayansu yakamata ya sami wuri mai haɓaka da “diddige” tare da tushen;
- delenki sanya takarda mai tsabta da bushe tsawon awanni 2-4;
- ana bi da sassan da launin kore mai haske, sannan a dauraya shi da foda na gawayi sannan a bar shi na wasu awanni 18;
Farfagandar ta hanyar rabawa
- disinfect tattalin tukwane, cakuda ƙasa da magudanar ruwa;
- Kafin dasa shuki, ƙasa ta wadatar.
Ana aiwatar da kulawa na shuka a cikin bin ka'idodi iri ɗaya kamar yadda ake ɗaukar shimfida daji.
Hanyar zanen gado
Ba kowa ba ne ya san yadda cyclamen ke yada daga takaddun ganye daidai. Idan bakayi la'akari da kayan aikin ba, a ƙarshe zaka iya samun farantin da ya lalace kawai. Ganyen da aka dauko daga daji da wuya ya zama tushen ruwa. Ba koyaushe zai yiwu a yi wannan a cikin abin da ke cikin ba.
Kawai nau'in Turai na cyclamen ne kawai za a iya yadawa ta wannan hanyar - suna samar da yatsun-yatsa a cikin ganyayyaki. Furanni na Farisa basu da wannan fasalin.
Hanyar haɓaka ganye
Domin tsari ya kammala cikin nasara, ana bin ka'idodi masu zuwa:
- ganyen ganye tare da tushen bai yanke ba, amma ya fasa;
- a lokaci guda, karamin yanki na nodule ya kamata ya tafi tare da farantin;
- sannan kuna buƙatar dasa ciyawar a cikin wani, ya zurfafa shi, kuma ya rufe tare da greenhouse.
Duk sauran ayyuka - kamar lokacin da suke haɓaka cyclamen tare da taimakon yara. Hanyar ganye itace zaɓi mai sauri. Tuni a cikin mako na 3, ciyawar zata iya harba. Ya rage don samar masa da kulawa yadda yakamata.
Cyclamen wani kyakkyawan ornamental shuka ne wanda zai iya farantawa cikin fure a kowane lokaci na shekara. Bayan koyon yadda ake haihuwa da kuma yada shi daidai, zaku iya ƙirƙirar aljanna ta ainihi akan windowsill. Sanin yadda ake girma cyclamen daga tsaba a gida (ko kuma a wata hanya), zaku iya ba wa masoyan ku aananan furanni furanni
