Shuka kabeji a filin bude: dasa shuki da kula da kayan lambu

Kabeji - tsire-tsire na giciye Cruciferous. Zai iya zama daban-daban - ja da fari, Brussels, launi, Beijing da wasu nau'o'in, kuma don yayi girma a kasar yana da muhimmanci a san yadda za a yi daidai.

A cikin labarin za mu bayyana yadda za mu shuka kayan lambu tare da tsaba, da kuma yadda za mu shuka kowane daga cikin wadannan tsire-tsire a fili. Mun bayar da shawarwari game da kula da kabeji matasa, da kuma nuna hoto. Bugu da ƙari, za ka iya fahimtar bidiyon da ke da amfani da kuma bayani kan batun.

Ayyukan

Girman kabeji a filin bude yana buƙatar kulawa. Musamman a lokacin da farko harbe ya bayyana. A wannan lokacin, ana iya amfani da tsire-tsire ta hanyar kwari wanda zai iya rushe sprouts a cikin sa'o'i kadan. Don kare wata shuka, akwai hanyoyi biyu:

1. Binciken yau da kullum. Idan ana ganin ramuka akan ganye, kana buƙatar rufe yankin tare da toka.
2. Pre-rufe fim kabeji. Tare da wannan, za ku iya yin aikin sinadaran.

Board: kar ka manta game da dubawar ganye. Wajibi ne don saka idanu da zafi na duniya.

Kabeji - injin mai haske, don haka shafin bai kamata a cikin inuwa ba. Ba abu mai kyau ba ne don dasa shi bayan tabanya, beets, tumatir da radishes. Kabeji ba dace da ƙasa mai acidic ba. A wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar yin iyakacin ƙasa. Dole ne a shirya ƙasar don namo a cikin fall. Ana hade ƙasa da humus ko taki kuma ya hau. A cikin idon ruwa, an kara peat da itace ash a cikin ƙasa.

Yadda za a yi girma seedlings?

Yadda za a yi girma, misali, farin kabeji, shuka shi a kasar kuma girbin ya yi kyau? A gida, germinate seedlings, sa'an nan kuma transplanted cikin greenhouses. Lokacin da girma a bude ƙasa sprouts ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa bude. Bukatar farko don shirya kaya. Kuna buƙatar kwantena don yin amfani da tsaba, kulluna, safofin hannu, da kuma ruwan sha.

Tsarin shuka da kuma shuka

Idan an tattara tsaba a kai tsaye, an fara sa su a sama da minti 20 a cikin ruwan zafi, wanda yawancin zafin jiki shine kimanin digiri 50. Sa'an nan kuma sanya shi na wasu 'yan mintoci kaɗan cikin ruwan sanyi kuma aka bushe. Pre-shirye-shiryen ba wajibi ne don sayen tsaba, ana yin shi ta hanyar masana'antun..

Don iri germination ta yin amfani da sako-sako da ƙasa tare da babban admixture na peat. Na bukatar matsakaici watering. Bukatar amfani da karin hasken wuta. Dakin da akwai tsaba, yana buƙatar yin aired.

Kabeji zai yi girma cikin sannu a cikin makonni biyu na farko. Na farko ganye zai bayyana a cikin makonni shida.

Za ku iya shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye ko kyawawan peat tukwane. Fara fara girma seedlings a kwanakin ƙarshe na Maris. Ana yin shuka da manyan tsaba. Wannan zai kara yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Mun bada shawara don kallon bidiyo game da girma seedlings na kabeji daga tsaba:

Dasa a gonar

A lokacin da shuka seedlings? Shuka seedlings zai iya zama karfi, wanda ya bayyana duhu koren launi. Shirye-shiryen dasa ba abu mai wahala ba - ramukan ga seedlings ya kamata su kasance nesa na 60 cm Ana shayar da su kuma sun hadu tare da itace ash gauraye da ƙasa. Sa'an nan kuma ruwa sake.

Ana yin saukowa a cikin rana mai duhu ko kuma maraice. Lokacin da dasa shuki, ana binne shuka a ƙasa zuwa ganyayyaki na farko. Tushen da kuma kara da matukar ƙasa.

Bayan dasa, ya kamata a shayar da seedlings don kwana 3.don haka ta fi dacewa ta zauna.

Muna bada shawara don kallo bidiyon game da dasa shuki kabeji seedlings a bude ƙasa:

Kula da matasa kayan lambu

1. Watering. Boye mai shayarwa kowace rana - da safe da maraice tare da ruwa, tare da zazzabi na digiri 18, ya hana shi daga bushewa. Anyi ƙarfin ƙarfin yana dogara da yanayin.
2. Top dressing. Makonni biyu bayan transplanting, an ciyar da shi da phosphate takin mai magani. Zaka iya amfani da dung din kaza da taki. Bayan makonni biyu, an gudanar da wani abinci tare da nau'ikan nau'ikan. Ana cigaba da yin taki kamar yadda ake bukata.
3. Hilling. Don aiwatar da wani dutse yana buƙatar takarda ko fartar takarda. A nisa na 20-25 cm daga seedling a cikin da'irar, sun rake sama a ƙasa zuwa stalk. Ba za ku iya fadawa yanayin barci ba. Da wannan hanya, yin gwagwarmaya da kabeji tashi. Ana yin amfani da Hilling kwanaki 40 bayan da aka dasa shi. Ana cigaba da yin sulhu a cikin kowane mako biyu, kuma yana gamawa lokacin da kabeji ya yada ganye.

Mulching

Mulching - rufe duniya tare da takarda mai tsaro. Abubuwan da ke cikin hanya:

• rage mita na ban ruwa;
• sarrafa ciyawa;
• kasar gona ya kasance sako-sako da;
• kariya daga kasar gona daga yin watsi da saman saman a lokacin ruwan sama;
• An wadatar da ƙasa tare da na gina jiki.

Kafin mulching, an cire weeds kuma an sassauta ƙasa.. Kada ku ci ciyawa a ƙasa mai sanyi. Nauyin Layer shine 2 - 8 cm, dangane da kayan. Yana da rahusa don amfani da tsire-tsire daban-daban da kuma sharan gona.

Ana aiwatar da Mulching ta amfani da tsire-tsire masu zuwa:

1. Cikakke hatsin rai. Lokacin da kabeji ke tsiro, an yanka hatsin rai da kuma sakamakon bambaro ya bar a ƙasa. Damawa, bambaro zai ciyar da kabeji tare da mahadiyar nitrogenous.
2. Nettle, yanke ciyawa, hay, bambaro.
3. Sawdust. Wannan abu yana da mummunan tasiri a kan floragenic flora.
4. Peat da takin. Takin kuma yana aiki a matsayin taki.

Akwai irin wannan abu kamar yadda aka sabawa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da fim filastik: m ko baki. Zaɓin abu ya dogara da kakar. An yi amfani da fim din baki a farkon dasa, an bar ta tsawon makonni 3-4. Ana zaba fim din a lokacin rani. A sakamakon haka, weeds bazai bayyana a gonar ba.

Girbi da ajiya

Yana da muhimmanci: Ana yin girbi kamar yadda tsire-tsire ta fara girma. Babban abu shi ne don hana fatattaka. Idan an shuka iri iri, za a iya bar su har sai da fari.

An tattara ruwan kabeji a bushe mai dumi. Idan an tattara girbi a cikin ruwan sama, dole ne a bushe ya aika zuwa ajiya.

Za a iya adana ɗakunan tarawa a cikin hanyoyi masu zuwa:

1. Rataye a cikin ginshiki. Ana adana ajiyar ajiya zuwa 0-1 digiri kuma dole ne a aika.
2. Karuwa. Ana shuka shuke-shuke zuwa ginshiki da sanya shi a cikin kwalaye ko kawai a ƙasa, an rufe shi da ƙasa, yashi ko peat. Moisturize kasar gona na watanni biyu. Ana kiyaye yawan zazzabi a cikin digiri uku. Wannan hanya zai ba da damar shugabannin su sami karfi kuma su sami nauyi.
3. Storage a ramuka ko ramuka. An sanya madauri da takalma a kasan kantin sayar da. An girbe amfanin gona don daskarewa ƙasa. Wannan hanyar ajiya, yana baka damar kiyaye kabeji sabo don watanni uku.

Muna bada shawara kallon bidiyo game da girbi da ajiyar kabeji:

Cututtuka da kwari

Kayan kabeji, kamar duk amfanin gonar kayan lambu, da rashin alheri, yawancin kwari da cututtuka da suke buƙatar matakan kulawa na musamman sun shafi su.

Mafi yawan kwari sune:

1. Cruciferous ƙuma. A kabeji ganye suna ban mamaki. Hakanan kuma suna iya lalata girma, wanda zai haifar da mutuwar shuka. A larvae suna da launin launi mai haske.

   Hanyar gwagwarmayar: spraying kwari seedlings. Tare da bayyanar taro na kwaro, ana yin pollination tare da ƙurar taba da ash a cikin rabo daga 1 zuwa 1. Zamanin magani shine kwanaki 4.

2. Kabeji Mole. Caterpillars na bar, yana barin epidermis ba tare da yaduwa ba daga leaf na sama a cikin hanyar "taga". Sau da yawa lalata maɓallin girma da kuma kai kanka, saƙa shi da cobwebs. Babban lahani ya faru a lokacin rani.

   Hanyar gwagwarmayar: bi da tare da sinadarai ko nazarin halittu.

3. Kabeji Mafarin. Wani lokaci mai kyau don bayyanar kwaro shine lokacin zafi da bushe. Dama lakaran launi da kuma cikin cikin kawunansu. Caterpillars suna kore tare da launin rawaya tare da baya.

   Hanyar gwagwarmayar: kamar dai lokacin da asubaƙar asu.

4. Kayan kabeji. Ana haifar da babbar lalacewar amfanin gona. Yana rinjayar ganye da shugabannin, yin zurfin motsi a cikinsu.
5. Kabeji Fly. Damage tushen.

   Hanyar gwagwarmayar: jiyya na ƙananan nau'i na filaye tare da ƙurar taba tare da lemun tsami ko ash.

6. Ƙunƙarar Ƙari. Damages seedlings. Wahala ya bar kuma mai tushe.

   Hanyar gwagwarmayar: magani tare da kwari.

7. Cabbage Aphid. Tare da bayyanarwar taro na ganye da aka rufe da aphids, wanda ya sa ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga tsire-tsire. Ana fitar da fitarwa ba a kafa shi ba.

   Hanyar gwagwarmayar: kula da sako, kwari na kwari.

Kabeji za a iya shafar kowane irin shuka cututtuka da lalacewa ta hanyar fungal, na kwayan cuta da hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri pathogens.

• Mafi yawan cutar ita ce black leg. Ƙaƙwalwar wuyansa yana shafar. A seedling ta kafe sama.
• Kela kabeji. Cututtukan fungal sakamakon abin da girma yake fitowa akan tushen. Ba a kafa shugabannin ba.
• Downy mildew. Rahohin rawaya sun bayyana a jikin ganye.
• Alternaria. Da farko, spots baki ba su bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki ba, sa'an nan kuma an rufe su da furanni.
• Bacteriosis ko baƙar fata mafi hatsari ga kabeji. Ƙananan launi mai duhu suna bayyana akan ganye.

Muna bada shawara yin kallon bidiyon game da cututtuka na kabeji da hanyoyin da za mu magance su:

Kammalawa

Lokacin da girma kabeji zai iya zama matsaloli masu yawa. Duk da haka, wannan bai kamata ya tsorata ba. Tare da wasu sani zaka iya samun babban girbi.