Daga cikin yawancin berries, wuri na musamman mallakar ja currants. Arziki a cikin abubuwan gina jiki, wannan al'adar lambun abar kauna ce kuma ta yadu. Ofaya daga cikin amfaninsa mai mahimmanci ana ɗauka shine farkon ripening na 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da kuma fruiting na daji na dogon lokaci. Ja currant yana samuwa don namo har ma da farawa lambu. Yana da mahimmanci a zabi iri-iri kuma a ba wa ɗan shuka mafi ƙima, bin shawarar kwararrun lambu.
Tarihin ci gaba
A karon farko, Red Early Currant ya fara girma a shekarar 1963.
Nau'in Farko na Red ya dade da zama sananne a cikin Rasha
Tun shekara ta 1974, aka sanya shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha don Samun nasarorin. An ba da shawarar iri-iri don aikin namo a yankuna 4: Gabas Siberian, Tsakiya, Tsakiyar Black Earth da Volga-Vyatka. Kusan shekaru hamsin na tarihi, ya sami magoya baya da yawa kuma bai yi hasarar shahararsa ba.
Siffofi da halaye iri-iri
Yankin daji na Red da wuri ya bambanta kaɗan da irin wannan bushes na ja currant. Amma har yanzu yana da wasu fasaloli. Ga manyan wadanda:
- Itace bata da tsayi, tunda tayi girma bazata yi kauri sosai ba. Yada daji ba ya kasancewa cikin kewayon al'ada. Matasa harbe fita daga cikin sauran rassan a kore kore ja tan. Yawancin lokaci ba a haɗa su ba, ba lokacin farin ciki ba kuma ba tare da ɓarna ba. Suna girma, suna samun launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, amma ya kasance kauri mai kauri. A buds akan rassan suna nan gabaɗaya. Smallarami, tsallake tare da nuna gogewa, launin toka-launin ruwan hoda a cikin launi, an guga su akan akwati.
- An rufe kurmi tare da ganyen wrinkled na koren launi mai launi. Suna da rassa uku zuwa biyar, ƙarshen abin da yake an rufe shi da ƙananan hakora tare da ƙarancin haske. Deyallen da ke tsakiyar ganye ya fi girma akan gado, lebur da fata. Ana rufe saman da jijiyoyin da ke tsaye a kusurwar dama zuwa ginin. Petiole karami ne, santsi. A wurin da ya haɗu da takardar akwai ƙayyadaddun daraja.
- Goge-goran Fa bearingan itace masu tsayi ne, zasu iya kaiwa ga cm 11. A kan tassels mai launin ruwan kasa wasu ƙananan furanni ne masu kaman zazzabi. Launin fure mai launin rawaya-kore. Petals suna lanƙwasa daga cibiyar, suna gudana kyauta.
- Kodayake berries suna girma kaɗan (daga 0.6 zuwa 0.11 g), sun fita waje tare da dandano mai ƙanshi da launin ja mai haske. Ana nuna bambance-bambancen da murɗawa a cikin buroshi, wanda ke nufin raguwa a cikin diamita na berries daga tushe na buroshi zuwa samansa. Lokacin girbi bar bushe rabuwa. A cikin berries akwai ƙananan adadin ƙananan ovules.
Plantan ƙaramin tsire-tsire da ƙaramin itace wanda ke ba da 'ya'yan itace da kyau tare da kananan berries na launin ja mai haske
Siffar
Yawancin nau'ikan farashi na farko shine saboda halaye na ɗabi'u. Wannan sigar farkon ripening iri-iri. Yana da isar da kai, shine, baya buƙatar ƙarin tsire-tsire don pollination. An kwatanta shi da babban juriya ga dusar ƙanƙanrrrrrrrrrrrrr, yana yin haƙora mai kaifi da tsawon lokacin sanyi zuwa -30.
Yawancin kwari da cutar currant da cututtuka na Redcurrant ba mai ban tsoro ba. Kamar yadda aka sani ta hanyar lambu da suka dade suna yin girbin iri-iri a shafin, bushes ba sa bukatar ƙarin aiki don kariya. Masu farawa suna kira sau biyu kawai na "currant", waɗanda ke damun farkon Red Red - anthracnose da mildew powdery.
Farkon ja yana bayar da cikakken yawan amfanin ƙasa, har zuwa kilogiram 8 daga daji ɗaya
Tare da kulawa ta dace daga wani daji, zaku iya tattarawa har kilogram 8 na berries. Tare da haɓaka masana'antu, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana daga tan 12 a kowace kadada da sama. Berries da kyau jure wa sufuri da ajiya. Ko da 'ya'yan itatuwa overripe suna edible. Yawancin lokaci girbin amfanin gona yawanci ana amfani dasu don yin jam, compotes, jams da marmalade. An adana shi sosai yayin daskarewa. 'Yan lambu suna kiran ja da baya kawai - kasancewar berries a cikin buroshi.
Fasali
Red currant ne undemanding zuwa kasar gona da kuma barin. Amma ana iya sa ran girbin yalwatacce kawai lokacin aiwatar da kayan miya.
Mahimmanci: ya kamata masu lambu su yi la’akari da cewa goge-goge mai ba da amfanuwa ana kafa su a ƙarshen ƙarni na shekara. Abin da ya sa suke buƙatar samun ceto yayin cropping.
Yawan shekarun rassa ana la’akari da shekarar fitowar su. Lokacin bazara na farko na haɓakar su shine shekara. Girma na shekara shekara ne ragin da ya girma a lokacin bazara da ya gabata. Su ne manyan hanyoyin samar da amfanin gona, an rufe su da tassels tare da berries. Lokacin 'ya'yan itace yana daga shekaru hudu zuwa shida. Rassa bakwai na rage yawan aiki, saboda haka ya kamata a cire su ta sabunta daji.
Girma na shekara-shekara - rassan da ke tabbatar da samuwar albarkatun gona waɗanda ke yin shekaru 4-6
Ana shirya wurin saukowa
Wuri don makomar ƙasa ta Red Early an shirya shi a cikin shekara daya da rabi zuwa watanni biyu. A cikin karawa - akalla makonni uku a gaba. Yankunan ko wuraren da ambaliyar ruwa ta ɓoye tare da m (har zuwa 1.5 m) ruwan karkashin ƙasa don currants bai dace ba. Idan ya cancanta, zaku iya ƙirƙirar tsaunin wucin gadi.
Tsarin seedling
Lokacin zabar seedling kula da tushen tsarin. Ya kamata ya ƙunshi manyan matakai guda biyu da ƙarin ƙarin masu yawa. Tsarin tsayin daka kada ya kasance ƙasa da cm 50. Bangaren da ke ƙasa ya kamata ya zama kusan tsawon tsayi ɗaya kuma ba shi da lalacewa.
Girbi mai tsami daga zaɓin da ya dace na .an seedlings
An shirya seedling ta wannan hanyar:
- An yanke tukwicin Tushen, har zuwa 6 buds an bar su a kan rassan.
- Anyi amfani da sashin karkashin kasa na tsawon awanni 3 cikin ruwa mai tsabta, sannan a tsoma shi cikin daskararren yumbu (cakuda kasar gona mai kyau da yumbu da ruwa, wanda ya kawo tsayayyen lokacin kirim mai tsami).
- Ana barin ɓangaren m daga ganyayyaki kuma a gajarta ta sulusin tsawon.
Currant dasa
Abubuwan da aka fara da farkon ja suna ƙaunar ƙasa mai haske da wurare masu kyau. Don dasa daji, kuna buƙatar rami na kusan siffar mai siffar siffar sukari: 40:40:40 cm.
- Humus (bulan 1-2), ash na itace (kusan gilashin) ana zuba cikin ramin.
- Sannan ƙara superphosphate da potassium sulfate 20-40 g.
- Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya kai mita ɗaya da rabi, amma ba kusa da 1 m ba.
- An saukar da seedling cikin rami da aka shirya a kusurwar 45 digiri kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa.
An sanya seedling a cikin rami a wani kusurwa na 45 digiri
- Dole ne a tattake ƙasa a hankali don kada a ƙirƙira jakar iska.
Dole ne a tattake ƙasa a lokacin dasa don guje wa ƙirƙirar jikunan iska
- Lokacin dasa shuki, tushen wucin gadi yana zurfafa 8-10 cm kuma ana shayar da shi sosai (ga guga a kowace rami).
- Don kada ruwa ya kwarara, sai aka kafa dunƙule ƙasa kusa da seedling.
- Farfajiya na rami bayan an shayar da shi ruwa tare da ɗanye ko peat.
Lokacin girbi currant shine farkon bazara ko kaka. Gardenerswararrun lambu suna la'akari da makon da ya gabata na Agusta - makon farko na Satumba ya zama mafi dacewa lokacin wannan hanyar.
Bidiyo: ingantacciyar dasa bishiyar kayan itace
Siffofin Girma
Currant daji yana da mahimmanci ba kawai don yayi girma ba, ya kamata ya ba da berries. Wannan yana buƙatar shayarwa, ciyarwa da tsari don hunturu.
Watse
Tare da rashin rashi mai tsawo, currant yana buƙatar ƙarin ban ruwa. Kodayake Early Red ta sauƙaƙe fari, yawancin ruwa uku yana da matukar mahimmanci a gare ta.
- bayan fure, a kan aiwatar da samuwar Berry - a tsakiyar watan Yuni;
- bayan an girbe, a tsakiyar watan Agusta;
- don shirya don hunturu - farkon Oktoba.
Currant daji yana buƙatar shayarwa akalla sau uku a kowace kakar
Don kula da danshi, kowane ruwa yana gamawa ta hanyar kwance da mulching.
Manyan miya
Theasar inda janda ke yin ƙasa girma take raguwa daga shekara zuwa shekara. Don kula da bushes, ciyar da shekara ya zama dole. Ya isa don ƙara ƙarin abubuwan gina jiki sau uku a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka:
- a cikin bazara - nan da nan bayan an farkar da seedling kuma bayan an gama fure, ana gabatar da g 50 na urea;
- a lokacin rani - bayan an gama fure kuma sati biyu kafin a cika berries sosai, ana ciyar dasu da mullein. A daji, kuna buƙatar rabin guga na maganin mullein a cikin rabo na 1: 4. Kuna iya maye gurbin tsintsinyar tsuntsaye, sannan rabo zai zama 1:20;
- a cikin kaka - har zuwa kilogiram 10 na takin, 100 g na potassium sulphide da superphosphate an rarraba su a ƙarƙashin daji, sassauta ƙasa, shayar da ciyawa yankin duka a ƙarƙashin kambi. Ana iya aiwatar da irin wannan aiki a cikin shekara guda.
Tsara don hunturu
Sannu a hankali kwantar da hankali, lokacin sanyi ko kuma yanayin iska mai iska na iya haifar da daskarewa da jan launi. Kodayake Red Early ya bambanta da juriya na sanyi, yana da kyau a zauna lafiya kuma a rufe bushes.
- Da farko, sun share duniya a karkashin shuka daga ganyayyaki da suka fadi kuma suka kwance shi zuwa zurfin 12 cm.
- An harbe harbe har zuwa ƙasa tare da taimakon allon kuma an rufe shi da aski ko rassan spruce.
Matsayi na kan lokaci zai taimaka tsira daga matsanancin yanayin hunturu
- Tare da karancin murfin dusar ƙanƙara, suna yin filayen dusar ƙanƙan da kan su.
- Kuna iya yi daban: ɗaure harbe kuma kunsa su da kowane murfin lambu. Bayan bayyanar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙirƙirar dusar kankara kan cocoons.
Bush samuwar
Kowane tsire yana ɗaukar samuwar:
- cire mara lafiya, fashe da rauni harbe;
- yanke rassan wanda shekarunsu suka wuce shekaru 7;
- shekara-shekara suna ƙoƙarin kada su taɓa rassan, tunda sune tushen girbi na gaba.
Don maye gurbin da sabunta daji, adadin da ake buƙata (yawanci ba fiye da 5 ba) ana riƙe da tushen tushe. Kowa ya tausaya.
Muhimmi: ana yin girki kai tsaye bayan an ɗora berries. A wannan lokacin, an ga mafi kyawun abubuwan da ake buƙatar magance su.
Bidiyo: aiki, sarewa da samuwar daji
Girbi
Ana yin girbi na 'ya'yan itace a matakai da yawa, kamar yadda goge ya hau. Red farkon currants ripen hankali. Wannan yana shimfida lokacin cin 'ya'yan itace cikakke kai tsaye daga daji.
Ja currant berries an tsince tare da sprig
Albarkatun overripe ba sa yin asarar berries, ci gaba da kula da kyakkyawa da dacewa don amfani da aiki. Girbe ba mutum berries, amma yaga dukan goga.
Bidiyo: ɗauka da adanar berries
Nasiha
Lambu suna shirye su raba masaniyarsu ta haɓaka Redcurrant kuma su ba da shawara. Abin da suke faɗi kenan.
Iri da yawa Red da wuri kuma sukari (marigayi) - ba mai tsami ba. Early Red yana da hauka mai hauka, Berry yana da girma, mai daɗi.
Harshen Tinker//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=528285
Daga cikin nau'ikan ja, a yanzu akwai nau'ikan 2 kawai, waɗanda aka bred shekaru da yawa da suka gabata ta hanyar shahararren mai shayar da Smolyaninova - Sugar da Red Early, wanda za'a iya ci ba tare da cin nasara ba, duk sauran nau'ikan suna da ƙwarin gwiwar ruɗi mai ƙarfi a cikin shugabanci na acid
Fatmax//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?start=690&t=1277
Game da Red Early Na kuma ji abubuwa da yawa. Ripan farkon farfadowa iri iri da aka samo a WSTISP daga tsallake iri Chulkovskaya da Laturnays. Mawallafa: N.K. Smolyaninova, A.P. Nitochkina. Tun shekara ta 1974 aka sanya shi a cikin Rajistar Jiha na nasarorin da aka amince don amfani da su a Tsakiya, Volga-Vyatka, Central Chernozem, da Gabas Siberian. A iri-iri ne da-m, samar 12,0 t / ha (3.3 kg / daji), hunturu-Hardy, halin high filin jure kwari da cututtuka. Abvantbuwan amfãni daga iri-iri: farkon ripening, ɗanɗano halayen berries. Rashin daidaituwa na iri-iri: aikin itace a cikin goga.
Chopper//sib-sad.info/forum/index.php/topic/2435-%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F-%D1% 81% D0% BC% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0 /
Don sabo abinci, Sweetan Farin Ciki mai ban sha'awa yana daɗaɗa Da daɗaɗawa, babban berries mai ɗaci, amma mildew mai ƙarfi ya shafe shi.
MarinaM//dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t12148-50.html
Don girma jan currants yana nufin samar wa danginku berry mai dadi tare da kaddarorin magani. Farkon ja currant yana da lafiya, da daɗi, da sauƙi a girma kuma ana rarrabe shi ta hanyar dawowar shekara ta girbi mai yawa. Cultureabilar da ba ta canzawa ba kuma ba ta iya jurewa ba a banza ta mamaye wurin da ya cancanci a cikin gidajen gidajen lambu na Rasha na dogon lokaci.
