Furen Calla - girma da kulawa a gida

Callas furen fure ne mai kyan gani wanda ya dace da kusancin duk wani gida ko gida.

Girma da kuma kula da callas a gida

Furen kuma ana kiranta reshe-reshe. A cikin yanayin halitta, ya zama ruwan dare a Kudancin Amurka da Afirka. Itaciyar calla ta Habasha calla ko Zantedeskia suna girma a cikin ciyawar cikin gida. Itace ta samu sunan ta da girmamawa ga dan kasar Italiya Giovanni Zantedeschi.

Fari da launuka masu launi suna girma. An yi furannin furanni masu kyau daga furanninta.

Dakin Calla

Don furannin calla, girma da kulawa a gida ba shi da wahala musamman. Wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar yanayi masu dacewa don haɓaka furen: ƙasa mai daushin jiki da haske tsawon sa'o'i 10-12. Koyaya, baya son bayyanar hasken rana kai tsaye. Haske mai walƙiya ya fi dacewa ga shuka. Ruwa fure a cikin bazara da bazara 1 lokaci a rana.

Ruwa da aka zuba a cikin kwanon bayan an shayar da ruwa. Wannan ya zama dole don hana lalacewar tushe.

Idan gidan yayi zafi sosai, to an fesa furen da ruwa daga kwalbar fesa. A yanayin idan dakin yana da yawan zafin jiki da iska mai bushewa, ana fesa callas a cikin tukwane sau 2 a rana. Zantedesci tare da fararen furanni kamar ƙarin iska mai laushi. A gare su, ƙarancin zafi zai zama 80%, yayin da launi, adadi zai zama 50%.

Ilasa ƙasa da Girman Dankali

Don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dacewa don haɓakar shuka, yana da Dole a zabi abun da ke ciki na cakuda. M, ƙasa mai acidified ya fi dacewa. Peat dole ne ya kasance a cikin cakuda ƙasa. A cikin shagunan ƙwararrun, zaku iya siyan kayan da aka shirya don tsire-tsire na aroid.

Zansaneschia aethiopica

Don shirya ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta ɗauki 2 sassan turf da kuma 1 ɓangaren peat, ƙasa ganye da yashi. Kuna iya ƙara yumɓu zuwa substrate.

Don cire stagnation na ruwa a cikin furen fure, an shirya shimfidar magudanar ruwa, wanda za'a iya yin shi da tubalin da ya fashe, kogunan kogi, yumɓu ko kumfa.

Iyawar girma kada ta kasance mai zurfi da fadi da yawa. Don tukunya, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar kwanon rufi mai zurfi wanda aka zuba ruwa lokacin sha.

Mafi kyawun zazzabi

Zantedesci - furanni na thermophilic. Ofaya daga cikin mahimman wuraren kulawa a gida don fure calla shine tsarin zazzabi da aka zaɓi da kyau. An zabi shi gwargwadon lokacin shekara. A lokacin girma, an saita zazzabi a cikin kewayon daga + 22 ° С zuwa + 24 ° С.

Taki da taki

A cikin ayyukan kula da furen calla a lokacin girma, an kuma hada da takin zamani. Ana yin ta kowane mako biyu. Yawancin lokaci madadin takin gargajiya da ma'adinai.

Lokacin da aka kara nitrogen, furen zai girbi taro. Koyaya, bazai fitar da ciyawar fure ba. Sai bayan an fara bayyana asalin fure akan fure za'a iya gabatar da urea cikin gaurayawar takin zamani.

Kulawar Calla yayin sauran

A ƙarshen kaka, callas fara zamani mai banƙyama, wanda ya ƙare a watan Fabrairu. Kulawa da fure a wannan lokacin shima ya zama dole. Zazzabi a lokacin sanyi ya sauka zuwa + 15-18 ° C. A wannan lokacin, zabinescias ko dai ya daina girma, amma ya riƙe ganyayyaki, ko ganyen ya mutu gaba ɗaya.

Calla Calla na gida

Za'a iya shafar cutar Z aifesia ta hanyar aphids, kwari masu kwari, gurɓataccen scabs da ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo.

Lalacewa ga ganye da ɓarke ​​da ɓarna.

Idan an samo waɗannan kwari a kan shuka, ana wanke ganyayyaki da tushe tare da maganin sabulu. Wataƙila kuna buƙatar maimaita wannan aikin.

Idan wannan hanyar ba ta taimaka ba, to ana kula da fure tare da maganin kwari.

Tare da waterlogging na kasar gona, karuwa mai yawa a cikin yiwuwar cututtukan fungal zai yiwu. A mafi yawan cututtuka da na kowa:

• rot: launin toka, launin ruwan kasa, tushen da kwayan cuta;
• anthracnose.

Lokacin da lalacewar launin toka, ganye da ganyayyaki ke rufe da murfin launin toka. Ana iya yada wannan cuta tare da ƙasa mai gurbatawa da tsirrai. Don magani, ana kula da shuka tare da fungicides Rovral da makamantansu.

Idan ganyayyaki sun bushe, to, wataƙila launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana akan fure.

Kwayar cuta ta bayyana ta hanyar jujjuya ganye da ganyayyaki a gindi. Tushen, kuka da baƙin ciki, aibobi launin ruwan kasa sun bayyana akan kwararan fitila. Dole ne a lalata furanni da ya shafa. Ba a kula da irin wannan cuta ba.

A shuka shafi na kwayan cuta rot

Anthracnose lalacewa za a iya ƙaddara ta launin ruwan ƙasa wanda ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki. Wadannan aibobi suna ƙaruwa da girmanwa a tsawon lokaci kuma suna zama iri ɗaya a cikin sifaren da'ira tare da cibiyar haske, fashe da bushe. Don aiki, ana amfani da fungicides na tsari.

Idan lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa ta tushe, ana lura da ɗaukar fure na fure. Kuna iya gano cutar ta kwan fitila da abin ya shafa.

Idan wannan ya haifar da ƙasa ta ruwa, to, an dakatar da yin amfani da ruwa, ana ƙara hydrogel a cikin ƙasa.

Me yasa calla furannin calla sun zama rawaya da bushe

Yellowing na ganye yana faruwa a waɗannan halaye:

1. Don shuka, lokacin farawa yake. Idan ganyayyaki suka juya launin rawaya a ƙarshen kaka, wannan yana nufin cewa furen yana shirya don hunturu. Wannan tsari ne na halitta. Wajibi ne a runtse zazzabi ko ɗaukar shuka zuwa ɗakin mai sanyaya.
2. Idan ganyayyaki sun juya launin rawaya a lokacin girma, wannan yana yiwuwa tare da rashin danshi. Wajibi ne a shayar da fure. Idan ƙasa mai laushi ne, to, an fesa furanni da ruwa mai tsayayye.
3. Hakanan yana iya faruwa lokacin da ƙasa ke da ruwa sosai. A wannan yanayin, an tsayar da ruwa har sai saman ƙasa ya bushe ta 1 cm.

Ganyen Ganyayyaki na Zantedesia

4. Dakin na iya zafi. Idan wannan ya faru a lokacin lokacin dumama, to, ana sanya ciyayi daga matattakaɗa.
5. Ganyayyaki sun zama rawaya yayin taron hasken rana kai tsaye.
6. Ruwa mai sanyi, wanda ake amfani da shi don shayar da tsirrai, na iya tsokanar launin rawaya.
7. Rashin ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki kuma na iya haifar da haɓaka a cikin ganyayyaki.

Yanayin hurawa

Zantedescia tana da lokacin furanni biyu kawai: bazara da damina. Idan a wannan lokacin gidan calla lily baya jefa fure furen, to wannan na iya faruwa saboda dalilai masu zuwa:

• tukunyar fure sau da yawa ana canzawa daga wuri zuwa wuri;
• tubers sun yi girma sosai;
• canje-canje akai-akai a cikin yanayin girma, alal misali, jigilar kayayyaki na dindindin;
• Calla ya rasa kuzarin haske;
• rashin abinci mai gina jiki sakamakon mummunan ƙasa ko karancin abinci mai gina jiki.

Wannan ya bayyana dalilin da yasa babban tsananin calla Lily baya yin fure.

Idan ba a rarraba callas rhizome na dogon lokaci (mafi yawa ana rarrabawa sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 3), wannan na iya zama dalilin rashin fure. Don sa shuka ta yi fure, kuna buƙatar samun kwan fitila, a hankali ku raba yara kuma ku watsa kwayar mahaifa da yara cikin tukwane daban-daban.

Don ingantaccen ingantaccen fure na calla, ana buƙatar suturar shekara ta shekara. Kuna iya amfani da tukunya guda. Yana da mahimmanci maye gurbin ƙasar tare da ƙarin sabo da abinci mai gina jiki. An ba da shawarar yin zuriyaeskia sau da yawa, saboda wannan zai cutar da fure na shuka.

Callakawa

Ana iya yada fure ta hanyoyi da dama:

• ta hanyar tsaba;
• tubers;
• rabo daga rhizome.

Hanya mafi sauki ita ce kiwo tare da tubers da kuma rarraba rhizome.

Yadda ake girma fure daga tsaba

Bayan fure ya yi toho, ana kafa gwaje-gwaje a inda yake, daga inda za a iya samo tsaba. Hakanan za'a iya siyan su a shagon.

Calla tsaba

Shuka tsari:

1. Tsaba suna tsunduma na tsawon awanni 6-8 a ruwa mai ɗumi. Za ka iya bugu da allyari yana bi da su da haɓakar haɓaka.
2. Don haɓaka fitowar seedlings, ana buƙatar shuka ƙwayar tsaba. Don yin wannan, an sanya su a cikin kwano a kan zane mai bushe, an rufe shi. An sanya kwandon a cikin wurin dumi kafin germination, na kimanin mako 1.
3. Shirya akwati. Don yin wannan, ƙananan tukwane na fure waɗanda suka cika tare da cakuda turf, ƙasa mai ganye, peat da yashi, waɗanda aka ɗauka a daidai sassan, sun dace. Zaka iya amfani da abin da aka gama.
4. Kafin dasa shuki, ƙasa tana buƙatar danshi.
5. An sanya tsaba a cikin rami a cikin rami 3 cm zurfi. An shuka tsaba da yawa a cikin tukunya guda, wanda hakan zai ba ku damar zaɓar seedlingsanyen da suka fi ƙarfi.
6. A saman tukwane an rufe su da polyethylene, wanda zai haifar da tasirin greenhouse.
7. Har zuwa lokacin da tsire-tsire suka fito fili, ana yin iska a kowane lokaci lokaci lokaci, ana sa ƙasa ta zama mai laushi.
8. Bayan seedling ya karfafa (kamar 2 watanni), an dauki tsirrai seedlings. Wadansu lambu suna shuka iri-iri nan da nan a wani wuri na dindindin. Bai kamata a yi wannan ba, tunda a wannan yanayin akwai wahalar shirya sahihiyar kulawa ga wuraren sauka. Bugu da ƙari, ɗaukar hoto zai ba ku damar samun mafi kyawun rhizome.
9. Ya kamata ƙaramin matasa masu ƙarfi su kasance a watsa su cikin tabarau. A cikin gilashin shuka guda ɗaya.

Noman bulb

A cikin furannin calla, ana kafa ƙananan kwararan fitila ko yara a kusa da babban kwan fitila, waɗanda ake amfani da su azaman kayan iri. An zabi 'yan tubers don su kasance masu sassauƙa, mai santsi da kwanciyar hankali.

'Ya'yan kwando

Tabbatar ka sami aƙalla ɗaya a kan kowane jariri. Idan kwararan fitila sun ji rauni yayin rabuwa da yara, to, waɗannan wurare suna yayyafa da gawayi foda kuma an bushe su da yawa awanni. Kafin dasa, ajiye a cikin kwantena a 6 ° C.

Kafin dasawa, zaka iya riƙe kwararan fitila na tsawon awanni 2 cikin raunin maganin manganese. Don shuka, an shirya tukwane masu yawa tare da ƙasa don tsire-tsire aroid. Kwararan fitila suna buƙatar dasa shi zuwa zurfin daidai yake da diamita ukunsa. An kula da yawan zafin jiki na dakin a 20 ° C. Bayan sati daya, an fara shayarwa ta farko.

Saplings na Zantedesk

Carearin kulawa shine kula da danshi na ƙasa. Matasa dasa fure a cikin shekara.

Sabili da haka, ta amfani da fasaha mai sauƙi na aikin gona, zaku iya shuka kyawawan callas a cikin lambu da kuma a cikin Apartment.