Sesawannin furannin soyayya masu kyau da Olivia Rose Austin, wanda David Austin ya kirkira a 2005, ya lashe zukatan masoya fure a duniya. A cikin nau'ikan wardi na Turanci na zamani, d soph a daɗin daɗaɗɗen fure da launuka iri-iri tare da juriya da dogon fure sun samu nasarar haɗuwa. Yawancin “ragowar” ana san su da tsananin ƙoshin fure-fure mai kyaun gaske da kyawu mai tsananin hunturu - Olivia fure ba wani banbanci.
Bayanin
An yi rajista da Olivia Rose a 2005 kuma nan da nan ya zama ɗayan sababbin samfura masu kayatarwa a kasuwa.
Saboda girmanta (girman 0.7 m, tsawo 0.9-1 m) da zagaye, mai jituwa na daji, ya dace don ƙirƙirar kera abubuwa da masu haɗawa.
Yana blooms tare da matsakaici-sized goge, 3-5 buds. M (sama da filafa 40) furanni a buɗe a cikin wani nau'i na kayan ado mai kyau, daga ruwan hoda mai haske a cikin tsakiyar zuwa kodadde gefen. A cikin cikakken rushewa, stamens rawaya na zinariya ana gani.
Furewa Olivia Rose
Furen da ke da matsakaici (6 cm cm) yana da ƙanshin ƙanshi mai shayi tare da bayanin kula mai inganci. Varietiesaya daga cikin nau'ikan Austin tare da shinge waɗanda basa so, amma an shirya su a tsaye.
Fure yana da matukar wuya, yana tsayayya da ruwan sama, buds na iya lalata ruwan sama mai tsawo. Cikakken rana, tsawon rayuwar fure ya kusan kwana 5. Da ɗanɗi kaɗan. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, yana da kyawawa don dasa shuki a cikin inuwa a buɗe a cikin inuwar bishiyoyi ko a gabashin (yamma), tun lokacin da launin fure mai launin shuɗi a rana yake ƙonewa zuwa farin-fari.
Mahimmanci! A cikin kudu, nau'in Olivia Rose na iya wuce mahimmancin girma.
Kyakkyawan daji tsaye samar da raƙuman furanni 2-3 na fure, kuma a cikin yanayin yanayi, fure Olivia Rose yana girma sosai ko da a cikin wuraren inuwa.
Mafi kyawun juriya ga cututtukan fungal na yau da kullun: baƙar fata da fari mildew.
Siffofin Kulawa
Olivia Rose Austin fure ne wanda yake la’akari da dokokin fasahar noma, fure mai yalwa da ci gaba, har zuwa lokacin sanyi. Sabili da haka, sanin fasalulluhin kulawa wajibi ne ga dukkan masu gidan lambu.
Saukowa
Kuna iya dasa shuka a cikin rabin rabin lokacin bazara ko a farkon rabin kaka.
Ya kamata a dasa fure a cikin wani yanki mai iska, mai walƙiya. Lokacin zabar wani wuri, ya kamata a haifa da hankali cewa iri-iri bai yarda da overmoistening daga cikin tushen tsarin. An bada shawara don kauce wa ƙananan ƙananan wurare da wurare tare da babban abin da ya faru na ruwan ƙasa.
Kyakkyawan ƙasa don girma iri-iri ya kamata:
- gina jiki, mai girma a cikin humus;
- m ga danshi da iska;
- tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan acidic (pH 5.5-6.5).
Budurwa Bush Olivia Rose
Hankali! Kyakkyawan yanayin don cikakken ci gaba na shuka shine ƙasa, ba gurɓata ta hanyar plantings na wardi da rosaceae (pear, ceri, cinquefoil, apricot, chokeberry, Quince). A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar maye gurbin babba na sama zuwa m har zuwa zurfin 0.5 m.
Kuna iya inganta ingancin ƙasa mai nauyi ta ƙara abubuwa kamar haka:
- yashi;
- peat;
- shuka takin;
- ash;
- rotted taki da tsuntsaye droppings.
Orarancin yashi za a iya wadatar da shi da abubuwan gina jiki, suna riƙe danshi kuma suna bayar da gudummawa ga wadatar abinci mai gina jiki:
- kayan lambu da takin abinci;
- peat;
- ƙasar turf
- yumbu;
- karkatar da hankali
Mahimmanci! A cikin yanayin yayin da lambun ke cikin wani yanki mai laushi, ana iya kauce wa shaye-shaye tare da taimakon magudin tsagi ko haɓaka ta wucin gadi daga ginin.
Za'a iya bincika sinadarin ƙasa ta amfani da gwaje-gwaje na musamman ko amfani da takaddun litmus. Don samar da fure tare da yanayin jin daɗi, ya kamata a ƙara abubuwan da ke ƙasa alkaline:
- peat;
- zuriyar dabbobi mai ɗaukar hoto;
- superphosphate.
Don rage matakin acidity (alkalization), ƙara zuwa ƙasa:
- lemun tsami (a hankali kuma a cikin kananan allurai domin kar a hana ci gaban shuka);
- gari dolomite;
- kashi abinci;
- ash.
Lingsauren da aka sayo tare da buɗe tushen tsarin (ACS) kafin dasa shuki, yana da kyawawa don yin tsayayya daga awa 1 zuwa rana 1 a guga na ruwa, zaku iya ƙara wakili mai tushe ko shuka biostimulator na tsirrai.
Kafin dasa shuki, yakamata a bincika seedling sosai don kasancewar busassun, ya lalace ko kuma ya karye rassan, dole ne a yanke su da mai kaifi, tsabtace mai tsabta.
Tushen kuma yana buƙatar sabuntawa akan yanki zuwa yanki mai rai, yana da fararen launi.
Mahimmanci! Tushen tushen fure yana ɗaukar tushe cikin kwanaki 14-20, a zazzabi na 15-25 ° C.
Don farkon fure, harbe kafin dasawar bazara yana gajarta ta hanyar cm 10 cm daga tushe mai wuya; A cikin fall ne kawai dan dan shakatar da yanke.
A karkashin yanayin yanayi mara kyau, ana iya sanya wardi a cikin kwandon yashin rigar kuma a dasa a cikin wuri mai sanyi kafin dasa shuki.
Dokoki don dasa shuki wardi
Manyan miya
Rose Austin Olivia Rose na fure sosai, wanda ke nufin cewa don maimaitawa da maimaitawa tana buƙatar kayan miya na yau da kullun.
Ana iya samun sakamako mafi kyau tare da haɗaɗɗiyar amfani da takin gargajiya da ma'adinai.
Na farko miya na wardi ne yake aikata nan da nan bayan spring tsarkakewa pruning. Lokacin zabar takin, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci abin da fure ke buƙata a wannan matakin ciyayi.
Nitrogen yana da alhakin gina taro mai kore. Excessimar sa zai haifar da daɗaɗɗun daji, amma zai rage fure. Ana gani wannan musamman a bayyane tare da bayyanar harbe mai kitse wanda baya haifar da shinge. Gyara halin da ake ciki ta toshe saman wannan tseren. Babban abun ciki na nitrogen a takin gargajiya:
- saniya, taki doki;
- zomo, tsullen tsuntsaye;
- kayan lambu da takin abinci.
Mahimmanci! Phosphorus wajibi ne don dasa furewar fure, fure furanni da harbe, Hakanan yana ƙarfafa yawan fure. Don kimantawa ta hanyar wardi na potassium phosphorus ana buƙatar.
Rashin ƙarfe yana fitowa fili musamman a cikin ƙasan alkaline, kuma yana tsokani chlorosis. Za'a iya gane cutar ta ganyayyaki masu haske tsakanin jijiyoyin.
An gabatar da manyan riguna na Nitrogen har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani, matasa harbe dole ne su girma kafin hunturu. Tun daga watan Yuli, an hado furanni tare da magunan potash da phosphorus domin nasarar hunturu. An gabatar da riguna na ƙarshe na ƙarshe a watan Satumba, anan zaka iya amfani da:
- itace ash;
- superphosphate;
- potassium nitrate;
- kalimagnesia.
Shuka taki
Mai jan tsami
Abu mai mahimmanci na kulawa na fure shine pruning. Babban shine ko sanitary bayan an cire tsari na hunturu daga wardi, kuma kafin a fara farkawa. A daji, yanke duk bushe, rassan fashe tare da alamu na ƙira ko stains. An yi yanki a saman koda na sama, a wani kusurwa na 45 °, saboda ruwa ya gudana daga gare ta. Ya kamata a yanke shi don zama a itace, raguna tare da baƙi na ƙonewa na iya haifar da cutar fure.
Tunda nau'ikan sun samar da daji mai jituwa tare da ita, da kyar ta ke bukatar yin kwabe Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa shuka ba ya yin kauri tare da rassan da ke girma a ciki.
Bayan shekaru 3-4 na rayuwa, bushes ɗin yana buƙatar sake girke girbi, lokacin da mafi tsufa da rassan an yanke su zuwa tushe mai wuya, suna tayar da haɓakar harbe-harben kwari (basal). Ingancin da ya dace zai ba ku damar kula da adon daji na dogon lokaci.
Mahimmanci! Duk wani irin girki ya kamata ayi tare da kaifi, sanitized kayan aiki.
Tsarin Cropping
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Rose yana da taurin hunturu har zuwa -23 ° C, a yanayi mai dumin rai da dumama zai iya hunturu ba tare da tsari. Suna shirya shi don hunturu ta hanyar tsaunashi tsawan (25-30 cm) tare da cakuda ƙasa da yashi, suna rufe shi da rassan tsiro. A cikin yanayin canjin sanyi, ana bada shawara ga kunsa daji tare da kayan kayan musamman, don yankuna na arewacin ana buƙatar tsari na firam.
Mahimmanci! Kafin tsari na hunturu, an girbe wardi daga wardi, kamar yadda ƙwayoyin cuta ke lalata su. Dole ne a ƙone duk tarkacen tsire.
Yabon fure
Kuna iya yaduwar fure ta hanyar dasa itace daga wani dattijo, fiye da shekara 3, daji. Hanyar ba ta bambanta da sauran nau'ikan ba.
Zai fi kyau a zaɓi harbe a kan wanda wardi suka riga sun yi fure. Shafin zabi shine ƙarfin ƙaya: idan ƙaya akan kan karar ta shuɗe, to, harbin ya riga ya girma.
Yana da kyau a yanka itace a safiya ko a maraice, kusa da dare. Dole ne a aiwatar da sashin tare da kaifi kayan aiki mai tsabta.
Yankan yankan: cm 12-15. A kowane ganyayyaki 2-3 da adadin adadin ganye.
Idan ana aiwatar da hanyar a cikin bazara, to, zaku iya dasa shuki a dama a gonar, cike ramin dasa shuki tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki (ana shirya ƙasar gaba ɗaya kamar yadda ake dasa shuki). Sanya itacen a kusurwar 45 °, a rufe da bankunan, a kai a kai ruwa. Rooting zai faru a cikin kusan wata daya.
Idan ana aiwatar da hanyar kusa da faduwa, dole ne a sanya tsintsaye a cikin tukwane ko kwalaye. Sauran hanyoyin iri daya ne. Seedlings za hunturu a kan gabatarwa, kuma a cikin bazara za a iya dasa su a cikin ƙasa bude.
Cutar da kwari
Olivia Rose D. Austin yana da kyakkyawar kariya daga cututtuka, yana murmurewa sosai bayan hunturu wanda bai yi nasara ba.
Olivia Rose a Mixborder
A lokacin rani, matasa harbe da buds iya jawo hankalin matafila da aphids. Idan akwai pestsan karin kwari, ana tsabtace tsire da hannu tare da fesawa tare da sabulu bayani ko jiko na itace ash. Tare da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta mai ƙarfi da ta yau da kullun, ana ba da shawarar kulawa da bushes tare da tsari na kashe-kashe. Kuna iya siyan magungunan da suka wajaba a kowane kantin sayar da kayan lambu.
Filin shakatawa na Ingilishi ya tashi Olivia Rose wani nau'i ne na duniya wanda za'a iya amfani dashi a cikin tsararru don ƙirƙirar yankuna da kan iyakoki. Cikakke don gangaren kwandon shara a yankuna na arewacin. Launin pastel na furanni yana ba da damar amfani da shuka a cikin tsire-tsire a hade tare da launuka na fure, fure ganye da orrennials.
