Nau'in ferns - tsire-tsire na gida da na gida

A cikin lambunan mazaunan bazara, galibi kuna iya ganin shuka irin su fern. Ba za ku iya saduwa da shi ba kawai a can. Ferns suna girma a duniya.

Wannan tsiron yana lullubewa da ƙarancin asirai da asiri. Duk saboda dissimilarity ga wani flora. Ko ta yaya, babu wani abu mai girma a cikinsa.

Tsarin Shuka

Ferns ne perennial herbaceous shuke-shuke. Suna son danshi sosai, saboda haka ana samun su galibi a cikin gandun daji ko wasu wurare masu duhu, gumi. Wannan babbar ƙungiya ce ta tsire-tsire, wanda ya haɗa da iyalai 48.

Amarya

A cikin wallafe-wallafen, zaka iya ganin sau da yawa ana kiran ganye mai ganye. Wannan haƙiƙa kuskure ne. Ana kiran furen fure Matasan vaya sun girma kamar katantanwa. Wataƙila daidai ne saboda wannan tsarin fasalin da labarin almara mai ban mamaki ya taɓa tafiya.

Leaf faranti na balagaggu shuka ana yawanci karfi dissected, girma daga rhizome kanta. Ferns suna da nau'ikan da yawa, sunayensu galibi suna nuna yanayin kama da na waje zuwa wani abu ko kuma suna da alaƙa da wurin haɓakar halitta.

Ferns sun bambanta: kamannin itacen, a karkashin ruwa, babba da ƙarami, girma a ƙasa da bishiyoyi.

Amsar Fern

Duk da tatsuniyoyi da almara, fern baya fure a cikin rayuwar gaske. Yana haifar da ta hanyar maƙarƙashiya - wannan ɗayan manyan abubuwan halaye ne. Spores suna kan ƙasan ganye. Wurin da suka tara shine ake kira sporangia.

Matasa wai

Wata hanyar yaduwar waɗannan tsirrai ita ce tsire-tsire. Zasu iya harba tushen. Yawancin lokaci masu noman furanni suna girma dasu ta wannan hanyar.

Ferns a ciki

An dauki dogon lokaci ana daukar Fern a matsayin ɗayan tsire-tsire masu nasara don ƙirar gida. Mafi yawa saboda halolo mai ƙarfin ƙarfe, galibi saboda bayyanar sabon abu. Ba wai kawai wannan yana jan hankalin mutane ne zuwa gare shi ba, saboda:

• Ferns suna tsabtace iska. Suna da kyau tare da gas da ƙura.
• Su ba su da fassarar bayanai. Dole ne su kula, amma ba yawa.
• Wadannan tsirrai suna da kyau sosai. Itataccen ciyayi mai tsire-tsire ba zai bar kowa ba.
• Sun dace don zaɓar don ciki. Iri nau'in ferns daban-daban, akwai don kowane dandano.
• Tare da fern, yana da kyau a tsara rarrabuwar shimfidar wuri a cikin gidaje. Farko kawai ya tabbata cewa shuka ya dace da duk yanayin.
  

  Fern Florarium

• Tare da shi, zaku iya ƙirƙirar furanni waɗanda suke dacewa da cikin tsakiya. Wannan kwalin gilashi ne na musamman wanda yake shi ne tsarin keɓance masu zaman kansu.

Jinsunan Fern da sunaye

Yawan nau'in fern na cikin gida yana birgewa a bambancinsa. Abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa da mashahuri ya kamata a tattauna su daban.

Mnogoryadnik

Ana amfani da fern da yawa jere daya daga cikin kyawawan abubuwan halitta da aka halitta. Yana da ganyayyaki masu buɗe ido masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke jawo hankali. A yanayin, yana girma a cikin coniferous, deciduous, cakuda gandun daji, ba da nisa da jikin ruwa. Shuka shi a gida. Abubuwan da yake buƙata sune kamar haka:

• Watse. A lokacin rani, a lokacin girma girma, kasar gona ya kamata kullum danshi. A cikin kashe-kakar, hunturu (idan shuka yana cikin gidan) ana buƙatar watering matsakaici.
• Haske Yana ɗaukar haske mai yalwataccen haske.
• Zazzabi mai nutsuwa. A cikin haɓaka mai aiki - 15-25 ° C, yayin dormancy - 12-15 ° C.
• Manyan miya. A cikin lokacin dumi, ana bada shawara ga takin tsire sau ɗaya a mako. A cikin hunturu, ba a buƙatar suturar saman.

Davalia

Fern Davalia (ko Davallia a Latin) tsire ne mai saurin girma. Ga alama ba sabon abu ba. Sanannen sunan wannan flora (karkataccen paw, deer leg) ya tabbatar da wannan. A cikin yanayi, wannan fern ana samun shi a wurare masu zafi na Asiya, China, Japan, da tsibirin Canary. A cikin latitudes na Rasha, an fi amfani dashi a cikin gidajen katako, ƙasa da gidaje.

Davalia

Don fure na gida da aka bayar a gida, kulawa ya kamata ya haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Watse. Kuma a lokacin bazara da sanyi, tana buƙatar matsakaiciyar ruwa. Shuka ba ya son zafi mai ƙarfi.
• Haske Davalia yana buƙatar hasken da aka watsa. Za'a iya girma daga windows.
• Zazzabi A lokacin rani, ana buƙatar wannan zazzabi mai kama da zafi a 17-25 ° C, a cikin hunturu - daga 13 zuwa 20 ° C.
• Manyan miya. A lokacin girma girma, ya kamata a ciyar da davalia tare da takin ruwa sau biyu a wata.

Harshen Nephrolepis

Wannan fern sananne ne ga yawancin masu girbi gidaje. Wannan al'ada ce wacce aka fi girma a cikin tukwane cikin yanayin gida. Misali, Boston ko Boston nephrolepis galibi ana amfani dashi. Ganyayyakirsa, kamar yawancin fern-dimbin yawa, suna disse sosai. A lokaci guda, sassan da aka yanke ba shine bude baki ba, kamar yadda suke a cikin masu layi dayawa.

Cutar Fuskokin Cutar Ganyayyaki na fure har yanzu ya zama ruwan dare. Siffar sa tana da kyau. Furen da ya girma daidai yana iya kama da maɓuɓɓugar koren fure.

Na uku daga cikin manyan ferns a cikin gidan shine Emin's nephrolepis. Sauran suna shine Green Dragon ko Tail Dragon. Duk saboda gaskiyar cewa wannan nau'in wakafi shine yake da yawa.

Bayanin Afirin

Bukatun Nephrolepis:

• Watse. Kamar yawancin ferns, a cikin lokacin girma na aiki, suna buƙatar danshi mai dindindin. A cikin sanyi, ana buƙatar matsakaicin matsakaici.
• Haske Nephrolepis yana son haske amma ya bazu.
• Zazzabi A lokacin rani, yana da ikon yin tsayayya har zuwa 25 ° C, a cikin hunturu ba a ba da shawarar zuwa rage zafin jiki a ƙasa da 16 ° C ba.
• Manyan miya. Kamar shuka mai layi da yawa, nephrolepis yana buƙatar takin gargajiya a lokacin hawan mako. A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a cire su.

Kostenets

Wannan tsiro mai lalacewa, wanda aka sani da ilimin kimiyya asplenium, ba za'a iya rikita shi da wasu ba. Wannan saboda ganyenta suna da sifofi na daban - ba su da halayyar dissection na yawancin fern-dimbin yawa. Vaya duka. Asplenium wani yanki ne mai tsayi-mai tsinkaye. Yana faruwa mafi yawancin lokuta a cikin tsaunin teku. Koyaya, ana iya gani a wasu yanayi. Scolopendra ossicles sukan girma a cikin gidaje. Asplenium yana da waɗannan buƙatun:

• Watse. A cikin girma girma, wannan murfin ya kamata a shayar da yalwa; a lokacin dormant, lokacin shayar yana da iyaka mai iyaka.
• Haske Wannan shuka ba ya buƙatar sanya shi a kan windowsill. Kostenets yana ƙaunar inuwa.
• Zazzabi Asplenium thermophilic: a lokacin rani yana da dadi a 18-25 ° C, a cikin hunturu baya jure yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa da 16 ° C.
• Manyan miya. Ana ciyar da irin wannan nau'in ferns sau ɗaya a mako yayin lokacin girma. A lokacin damuna, ba za a hadi shi da ita ba.

Adiantum

Adiantum fern sanannu ne na musamman ganye. Wannan sunan ya fito daga yaren Girka, daga wata ma'ana wacce aka fassara a matsayin "kar rigar." Wii na wannan nau'in tare ruwa, ba shi yiwuwa ya jika su. A cikin gidaje, mafi mashahuri shine adiantum-mai siffa tasha.

Adiantum pusiform

Wannan nau'in yana buƙatar halaye masu zuwa:

• Watse. Adiantums musamman hygrophilous ferns. A lokacin rani, za'a iya saka tukunyar a cikin ruwa gaba ɗaya. Babban abu shine a bar wuce haddi ya wuce. A cikin hunturu, kasar gona tana daɗaɗɗa kamar yadda ya cancanta.
• Haske Adiantum yana jin kunya kuma baya son sauyawa wurare.
• Zazzabi A kowane yanayi, wannan nau'in yana jin daɗi a zazzabi na 20 ° C.
• Manyan miya. Ciyar da wannan shuka a cikin lokacin dumi lokacin wata daya. A cikin hunturu, ba miya da za'ayi.

Pteris

Wannan nau'in galibi yana girma a ɗaka. Duk saboda yana daya daga cikin mafi unpreentious ferns. An bada shawara don fara haɓaka waɗanda ke da siffa mai siffar ciki. Yana da vayas mai launi biyu masu ban sha'awa: haske mai launin kore a tushe da kore mai duhu a gefuna. Mafi sau da yawa, masu girki gida suna zaɓar Cretan pteris. Pteris bukatar:

• Watse. A cikin girma girma, suna da yawa, don hunturu watering ne mai iyaka.
• Haske Wannan nau'in yana buƙatar haske mai yawa.

• Zazzabi A lokacin rani, pteris yana da dadi a 18-24 ° C, a cikin hunturu zazzabi yakamata ya kasance 13-16 ° C.
• Manyan miya. Wannan nau'in ana hadi sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu. Mayar da hankali saman miya yana da rauni - yana da tushen asalinsu.

Jikin thyroid

Thyroid - daya daga cikin na kowa fern-mai siffa. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu shine fern namiji.

Namijin thyroid

Girkawa sun ba shi sunan (sun haɗu da wani amfani na likita). Ganin irin kamannin da ke akwai na tsirrai biyu, ga wannan ne suka sanya wa suna sunan fern. Nau'i na biyu (wanda aka tattauna a ƙasa) ana kiranta mace.

Al'adar skutellum ta watsa vaiyas da tayi kama da fuka-fukai a sifa.Abubuwan da ake buƙata na abubuwan sune kamar haka:

• Watse. Masu garkuwa da mutane suna buƙatar ruwa da yawa a lokacin zafi. A cikin hunturu, yin ruwa bai isa ba.
• Haske Wannan ra'ayi yana ƙaunar wuraren inuwa.
• Zazzabi Lokacin adana thyroid a cikin ɗakin, ana bada shawarar yawan zafin jiki na 18-20 ° C. Ba shi da buƙatun yanayi.
• Manyan miya. Ana ciyar da waɗannan ferns tare da takin gargajiya na maida hankali ne sau ɗaya a wata a lokacin bunƙasa mai aiki.

Kocher

Bar muryar ma'amala ita ce nau'in na biyu na Helenawa waɗanda aka ayyana su azaman "biyu" na thyroid. Gwanatin guda biyu suna da kama sosai, saboda sun kira su nau'i-nau'i. An saka wannan nau'in mace (a yau an kiyaye wannan sunan kawai ɗayan nau'in). Ofaya daga cikin kyawawan masu yawo shi ne Nippon; Ana buƙatar yanayi don wannan nau'in kamar haka:

• Watse. A lokacin rani, wannan fern yana buƙatar ruwa mai yawa. A cikin hunturu, ana shayar dashi kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa.
• Haske Kamar scutellum, mai ɓata yana jin kunya.
• Zazzabi Wannan tsire-tsire yana da dadi a 19-23 ° C. Tare da haɓaka gida, shi ma bashi da buƙatun yanayi.
• Manyan miya. Ya kamata a sa wannan nau'in a cikin lokacin girma sau ɗaya a kowane mako uku.

Thailand

Thai fern yana da bambanci mai mahimmanci daga jinsunan da ke sama. Ya ta'allaka ne da cewa itaciyar ruwa ce. Ya zo daga Thailand, sunan ya zo daga nan. Mafi yawan nau'ikan abubuwa shine pterygoid fern. Sau da yawa ana yinsa a cikin ɗakunan ruwa na gida - yana haifar da kyawawan ƙarancin katako kuma yana buƙatar kulawa sosai.

Turanci fern

• Ruwa. Thaiasar Thai ba ta buƙatar canje-canje na ruwa akai-akai.
• Haske Don wannan shuka, kuna buƙatar sa'o'in hasken rana na akalla sa'o'i 12 a rana. Hakanan yana yarda da shading, amma zai kawai girma tare da isasshen haske.
• Zazzabi Wannan nau'in yana buƙatar matsakaicin zafin jiki na akalla 24 ° C. Ba shi da yanayin da aka ambata.
• Manyan miya. Ana ciyar da ƙwayar cikin ruwa ta ƙara takin zuwa ruwa. Mayar da hankali saman miya ya zama mai rauni, kashe shi ba fiye da sau biyu a wata.

Bahaushe

Wannan shine wani nau'in albarkatu na karkashin ruwa mai zurfi. Fern Indiyanci yana da aikin buɗe hotan da aka watsa sosai. A gida an girma cikin aquariums. Kula da shi ya ƙunshi halaye masu zuwa:

• Ruwa. Sau da yawa canza ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da wannan shuka ba shi daraja.
• Haske Wannan nau'in yana buƙatar haske mai yawa. Ya kamata hasken rana ya kasance daga sa'o'i 12 a rana.
• Zazzabi Matsakaicin zafin jiki na wannan shuka shine 23-26 ° C.
• Manyan miya. Fern Indiya baya buƙatar ciyar da shi.

Orlyak talakawa

Wannan inji ana samunsa sau da yawa a Rasha. An karɓi sunan bracken saboda faranti mai siffa faranti mai kama da fuka-fukan gaggafa. Sunansa Far Eastern fern saboda yankin girma. Kusan dukkanin bracken suna edible (bayan wani magani).

Orlyak talakawa

Ba shi da buƙatun da yawa:

• Watse. A lokacin rani, ba za a yarda a bushe bushewa kasar gona a tushen Tushen ba. A cikin hunturu, shayarwa a abun ciki na ɗan ƙasa kaɗan ne.
• Haske Kamar yawancin nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire dabam-dabam,
• Zazzabi Kabilar Yankin Gabas bashi da bukatun lokaci. A gida, zazzabi na 10 zuwa 25 ° C ya dace da shi.
• Manyan miya. Dole ne a ciyar da Eagles sau ɗaya a wata duk lokacin zafi.

Millipede

Millipedes duka aji ne na siffa mai siffar mutum. A ilmin halitta, ana kiran shi Polipodium. Wani sunan shine ainihin fern. A cikin nau'ikan halittar, akwai tsire-tsire masu kyandir (suna girma akan dutse ko bishiya, kamar falleleb), da tsire-tsire na ƙasa (alal misali, talakawa millipede).

Epiphytus phlebodium

Polypodiums an san su da ciyayi cikin hanzari tare da taimakon Tushen tushe. A lokaci guda, sun yi ƙasa low - vayi na iya kaiwa tsayin santimita 60. Bukatun Milipede:

• Watse. Polypodiums suna son danshi. A lokacin haɓaka mai ƙarfi, ba za a bar ƙasarsu ta bushe ba.
• Haske Millipede yana nufin ferns inuwa mai haƙuri. Tana iya rayuwa a inuwa, amma don haɓaka na al'ada tana buƙatar haske da aka watsa.
• Zazzabi A lokacin rani, polypodium yana da kyau a 20-25 ° C. A cikin hunturu, zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa 16-18 ° C.
• Manyan miya. Kuna buƙatar takin wannan ƙwayar sau biyu a wata kuma kawai a cikin lokacin girma na aiki.

Fern kyakkyawan bayani ne don adon ciki. Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikansa, yana da sauƙi a zaɓi wanda ya fi dacewa da ɗaya ko wani salon.