Yawan wadatattun bishiyar apple koda yaushe yana tayar da tambaya - shin zai yuwu a shuka itace daga garesu? Tabbas zaka iya. Gaskiya ne, wannan zai ɗauki lokaci da ƙoƙari, kuma a sakamakon haka, wasan daji tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ɗanɗano ko haushi suna iya haifar. Koyaya, idan kuna ciyar da aiki kaɗan, zaku iya shuka apples mai daɗin sani ko kwastomomi masu kyau.
Shin zai yuwu a shuka itacen apple daga zuriya kuma zai bada 'ya'ya
Zai yi kama da cewa 'yan ƙwayoyin cuta ba su da tsada sosai don ƙoƙarin shuka bishiyun apple da nasu. Yunkurin shuka apple daga zuriya ya bayyana ta hanyar sha'awar mai lambu don haifar da ɗayan nau'ikan da ya fi so (musamman idan iri-iri ke da wuya), niyyar samun nasu hannun jari don alurar riga kafi, sha'awar adanawa kan siyan seedlingsan itacen, ko kuma kawai wasanni masu ban sha'awa, "menene idan ya yi tasiri?".
Abu ne mai yiwuwa a sami itace daga zuriya, duk da wasu matsaloli tare da shuka (germination a gida yana ɗaukar watanni 3). Koyaya, ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin zuciya cewa yiwuwar samun duka itace tare da kaddarorin mahaifiyar apple da wasan inedible daji kusan iri ɗaya ne. Ba shi yiwuwa a san abin da zai yi girma, kuma za ku iya gwada 'ya'yan ayyukanku a baya fiye da 6-7, ko ma a cikin shekaru 10-12.
Itatuwan bishiyar apple - bidiyo
Idan har yanzu kuna sarrafa tsiro ta itacen apple tare da fruitsa tastyan itaciya, yana iya kasancewa ya yi tsayi ba ya dace da girbi da girbin girke-girke (sabanin da aka sayi graanyen da aka girka akan itace mai rauni). Amma wannan ba wata doka ba kwata-kwata: wasu lokuta ana samun rabin dwarfs da dwarfs daga tsire.
'Ya'yan itacen apple-apple suna zuwa ga dadewa, amma yayi saurin girma fiye da wanda aka yiwa alurar riga kafi, ana bambanta su da ƙarfi da lafiya.
Idan kun karɓi rashin nasara game da 'ya'yan itaciyar, kada ku yi fushi - zaku iya dasa ciyawar itace a kan ɗan itacen apple. Gabaɗaya, yin amfani da hannun jari wanda aka shuka daga tsaba ya sa ya yiwu a sami ƙarin hunturu-Hardy, tsire-tsire mai wuya tare da tsawon rayuwa. Saboda waɗannan halaye ne masu shayarwa ke amfani da ƙwayar apple.
Wasu ƙwayoyin apple suna da kyau sosai har ana gabatar dasu a matsayin sababbin iri, misali, Titovka Seedling, da Kravchenko Seedling, Pudovskaya Seedling, Solntsedar Seedling.
Iri daban-daban sun fito ne daga zuriya, a cikin hoto
- An gano shi a cikin gonar gwajin Kushnarenkovsky (Jamhuriyar Bashkortostan) a 1928
- An samo shi a cikin Minusinsk a cikin seedlings daga 'yantar da pollination na yanayin da ba a sani ba, shine Hardy hunturu
- Siberian iri-iri tare da tsananin hunturu hardiness da fari haƙuri
- An bambanta iri-iri ta yawan aiki, girmansu da kyawun 'ya'yan itacen.
Don koyar da koshin lafiya, seedlingsan da suka girma shekaru, sun fi dacewa: apple daji, da iri iri Pepin Saffron, Brown taguwar, Sinawa. Antonovka syants sau da yawa maimaita kaddarorin iyaye iri-iri.
Yadda ake shuka itacen apple daga iri a gida
Idan ka yanke shawara don shuka itacen apple akan kanku, da farko kuna buƙatar yanke shawara akan iri da kuma zaɓi cikakke cikakke (kuma mai yiwuwa cikakke) 'ya'yan itãcen marmari. Dole ne a bincika tsaba da aka fitar da hankali: a ƙarshen zuriya iri, ciyawar kore ta zama a bayyane. Akwai lokuta lokacin da tsaba suka fara shuka riga cikin apple.
A cikin cikakke apples, za ku iya samun sau da yawa an riga an shuka tsaba.
Tsarin iri
Ba kamar tsaba na kayan lambu ba, ƙwayoyin apple suna buƙatar shiri mai kyau don shuka mai kyau:
- Bayan tattara ƙwayoyin da suka manyan, ana wanke su da ruwa mai gudu don cire duk abubuwan waje.
- Ana sanya tsaba a cikin farantin karfe kuma cike da ruwa. Don haka ya kamata su tsaya na tsawon kwanaki 3, kuma ana buƙatar canza ruwan kowace rana. A rana ta uku, yana da kyawawa don wadatar da ruwa tare da haɓakar mai motsa jiki - sodium humate ko Epin.
- Sanya tsaba, i.e. bijirar da su zuwa sanyi su daidaita yanayin yanayi. Wannan yana taimakawa haɓaka ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ƙin amintattun samfurori. Ya kamata a sanya tsaba a cikin akwati cike da rigar yayyafa da aka haɗe da carbon carbon fod, sawdust ko moss sphagnum, a rufe tare da wani fim ɗin da aka zazzage kuma a saka a cikin firiji don watanni 2.5-3, a kan ƙananan shiryayye (zazzabi ya kamata a + 4 ... + + 5 game daC) Yana da Dole a lokaci-lokaci duba danshi na substrate, babu mold da kuma mataki na germination na tsaba.
Straarfin Bidiyo na tsaba
Lokacin shuka iri
Abubuwan da aka ɗora don daidaitawa a cikin Janairu - Fabrairu yawanci a shirye suke don bazara. Idan har yanzu yana da sanyi sosai a waje, zaku iya shuka iri da ya tsiro a cikin tukunyar fure tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki.
Shirya apple tsaba tsiro da kyau a cikin kwantena tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki
Gabaɗaya, idan ana so, zaku iya shuka iri na itacen apple a gida don watanni 6-12. A wannan yanayin, ana iya shirya tsaba kuma a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa a kowane lokaci na shekara. Dasa seedling a cikin dindindin wuri ya kamata a yi a ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu. Yayin da kake girma, zaka buƙaci ka juye da tsire-tsire zuwa lokaci-lokaci.
Lokacin bazara da damin shuka ƙwayar apple shima hakan yana yiwuwa. A wannan yanayin, tsaba da aka samo daga apples a lokacin rani (kaka), bayan wanka da soya, ana shuka su nan da nan a cikin ƙasa. A lokacin kaka da hunturu watanni, da tsaba ƙara kuma sha wata halitta stratification, kuma a cikin bazara suna ba da m harbe. Babban abin da ake buƙata shine a shuka iri a cikin makonni 3-4 kafin a fara sanyi.
Preparationasa shiri da shuka iri
Soilasa duka don namo gida da dasa shuki a buɗe ya kamata a wadatar da shi da abubuwan gina jiki. Idan an shirya girma a cikin kwantena, suna cike da cakuda ƙasa mai kyau, humus da peat tare da ƙari da cakuda superphosphate (30 g), potassium sulfate (20 g) da ash (200 g) ga kowane kilo 10. An shirya ƙasa a gonar ta hanyar guda - ana amfani da adadin da aka nuna na takin mai ma'adinai ga kowane murabba'in murabba'i. Kuna iya iyakance kanku ga gabatarwar kawai azofoski da peat.
Don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa sanya ƙananan tsagi (ba zurfi sama da 5 cm ba). Idan ana yin shuka ne a cikin kaka tare da tsammanin sake dasa ƙananan tsire-tsire na gaba zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa, zaku iya sanya tsaba a nesa na 10-15 cm daga juna tare da hanyoyin 20-30 cm.Idan tsire-tsire sun kasance a wurin shuka har tsawon shekaru 1-1.5, nesa tsakanin seedlings da layuka kana buƙatar ninka.
Ana shuka tsaba a cikin tsagi, yanke da yadin da aka saka
Amfanin gona ana shayar da yalwa, amma a hankali don kada ya lalata ƙasa ya rufe tsaba.
A sha ruwan apple, a yi amfani da abin zartar, tare da gurɓataccen raga na raga domin kada ƙwayayen ta iyo har ƙasa. Tsabayan da har yanzu ba su da jini, dole ne a sake yayyafa su tare da ƙasa.
Ruwa da seedlings a hankali-wuri.
Idan an riga an dasa shukar seedlings a ƙasa, ana yin wannan da safe ko a maraice na yamma a cikin tsari mai zuwa:
- Sun buge wani madaidaiciyar layi tare da yadin da aka saka da kuma yanke tsagi 3-5 cm zurfi tare da shi.
- Amfani da fegin katako mai tsayi tare da tsawon 20 cm da diamita na 15 cm tare da tsagi, an yi ramuka tare da mataki na 10-15, an yi rami tare da zurfin da ya dace da tsawon tushen tsirrai.
- Seedlingsauki seedlings don ɗayan cotyledons kuma runtse su cikin rami. A hankali murkushe ƙasa a kusa da shuka.
- Ana shayar da tsire-tsire a cikin matakai 2: na farko, sun danƙa kasar gona kadan, ruwa kuma ya cika ta.
Zabin Seedling
Sau da yawa, tsaba suna girma daga tsaba kuma yana da kyau a ƙi su tun da wuri. Na farko rarrabawa da thinning ne da za'ayi lokacin da aka buɗe ainihin ganye guda huɗu akan ƙwayayen. A wannan gaba, zaku iya rarrabe dabbobin daji da ke bayyane ta hanyar waɗannan alamun:
- ganyayyaki ƙanana ne, koren haske mai haske, wani lokaci tare da gurɓataccen gefen;
- dogon internodes da karamin kara kauri;
- bakin ciki madaidaiciya spikes a kan kara da harbe.
Bishiyar applea bearingan itacen aria Va mai ɗaukar ciki sau da yawa suna da gogeren ganye da kuma leafan gwal kaɗan. A cikin itatuwan apple tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launin ja, ganyayyaki galibi suna da launi na anthocyanin (m), wanda shine yadda suke bambanta da dabbobin daji.
Daga kwarewar kansa a cikin girma apple daga tsaba, marubucin na iya lura cewa ɗimbinsu ba su da wahala sosai. Yawancin lokaci sukan yi tsiro ba da daɗewa ba lokacin da tsaba suka shiga cikin ƙasa ba da gangan. Ba za ku iya ɓata kuzari a kan shirya tsaba ba, amma ku shuka su a cikin ƙasa kafin hunturu. Yawanci, kusan rabin tsaba suna girma a cikin bazara. Tare da weeding na zamani da kuma shayarwa, ana samun tsire-tsire mai tsayi na 0.5 a ƙarshen shekarar farko ta rayuwa Don yin tsokanar Branch, kuna buƙatar tsunkule saman harba. Lingsalingsan da ke da ganyayyaki mafi girma suna buƙatar barin, sauran za a iya kawar da su, idan kawai ba a buƙata su azaman jari ba. 'Ya'yan itacen Antonovka, Kitayka rawaya, Rasberi, Saffron Pepin suna da tabbas sosai a cikin dandano da inganci. Koyaya, kowane ɗayan belonginga belongingan mallakar ɗayan iri ɗaya ne ya bambanta dangane da yawan aiki, yanayin shigarwar zuwa 'ya'yan itace, girman fruitsa ,an itaciya, da kuma ingantattun cya cyan itace. Don haka lokacin da kuke girma bishiyoyin apple daga tsaba, zaku iya jin kamar mai shayarwa!
Kula da shuki apple
Don cin gaban nasara na seedlings, dole ne a kula da su sosai.
Watering da ciyar
Dole ne a kiyaye ƙasa. A cikin kwanakin farko bayan dasawa, kuna buƙatar ruwa tare da karamin ruwa sau biyu a rana - da safe kuma kusa da maraice (a cikin yanayin zafi ba za ku iya shayar da shi ba). Sa'an nan, a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa (yayin da tushen tsarin seedling yayi ƙanana), ya kamata a yi shayarwa kowace rana 7-10.
A lokacin rani, ana buƙatar ciyar da seedlings. Irin wannan takin gargajiya da aka yi amfani dashi sosai kamar taki da tsirrai kaza sun fi kyau kar ayi amfani dasu a farkon shekarar - suna iya ƙona samari. Tsarin ingantaccen takin zamani na shuka shine jiko na humus ko ƙari na ƙari.
Don matasa seedlings, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ba taki, amma taki-sanya humic taki
A ƙarshen bazara, tsire-tsire matasa, kamar bishiyoyin apple na manya, suna ciyar da takin mai magani na potassium-phosphorus, wanda ke taimakawa mafi kyawun harbe. Lokacin kwance ƙasa, potassium chloride (15-20 g / m2) da superphosphate (30-40 g / m2) Bayan yin ma'adinai, ana shayar da ƙasa.
Juyawar dasawa
Yawancin lokaci, apple ba a shuka iri ɗaya a lokaci guda, kuma tare da germination mai kyau da kuma yawan tsire-tsire masu dacewa, jima ko kuma daga baya tambayar ta tashi ta dasa tsire zuwa wani wuri.
Idan an yi girma seedlings don samar da hannun jari, suna buƙatar a haƙa shi a shekara ɗaya a cikin fall (Oktoba). Dukkan sauran ganye an yanke su daga shuka kuma an yanke tushen tsakiyar a nesa na 18-20 cm daga tushe mai wuya. Wannan ne yake aikata ta samar da wata mafi branched tushen tsarin da iyakance girma na seedlings. Kafin yin rigakafin bazara, an adana jari a cikin tona ko a cikin cellar mai sanyi (ya kamata a rufe Tushen tare da zane mai laima).
Idan an girma seedling don 'ya'yan itace, ana iya dasa shi zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa a cikin bazara (Afrilu - Mayu), kuma a cikin fall (Oktoba).
Don lokacin hunturu, ƙananan tsire-tsire dole ne a kulle su tare da raga don kare su daga ƙwayoyin.
Girma apple daga zuriya a bidiyo
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Itacen apple wanda ya girma daga tsaba yana rasa kayan mahaifiyarsa, ba shi da ma'anar yin wannan, a ganina. Idan kawai kuna buƙatar wilds don sake sake grafting. Yana da sauƙi a sami itacen apple na daji a cikin gandun daji kuma ku nemi ciyayi matasa a ƙarƙashinta.
brate-ckrol-ik
//www.bolshoyvopros.ru/questions/1062650-kak-iz-semechki-vyrastit-jablonju.html
An yi kuskuren Mikurin !, itacen apple wanda ya tsiro daga zuriya za a noma shi, mafi sanyi mai jure sanyi kuma zai bada fruita asa da kuma itacen da aka liƙa. Misali, itace apple na seedling ba gratsi bane. Kuma akwai da yawa daga irin waɗannan misalai.
Alexey Vinogradov
//otvet.mail.ru/question/24350944
Don girma itacen apple daga zuriya, kuna buƙatar shuka tsaba (don wataƙila don shuka su, ba ɗaya ba, amma da yawa). Bayan an yi shuka, za ku sami “jeji”, ko kuma itacen ɓauren itacen apple. A shekara ta gaba, a cikin bazara, ya kamata ku dasa itace daga itacen apple daga ire-iren da kuke buƙata. Babu tabbacin 100% cewa zakuyi nasara. Idan ya yi aiki, yanzu zaku iya jira 5 jira. To, zaku karɓi 'ya'yan itacen. Ina ba da shawara ga wani zaɓi, ko kuma 2. sayi abin da aka shirya wanda aka yi wa lakabi, ya fi shekara uku. Zai iya ɗauka mafi kyau, wannan dattijo ne, kuma ba a daɗewa don jira kamar wasu shekaru ba. Idan babu wani nau'in apple mai yawa iri-iri da ake so akan siyarwa, kuma kuna da, in ji wata tsohuwar itace tuffa, shirya tare da gwani, zai yanke tushe daga itacen apple a lokacin da ya dace (ƙarshen kaka) kuma ya dasa shi kansa. Munyi hakan kawai. Kodayake yanzu akwai kusan dukkanin nau'ikan masu goyon baya.
Tattoo1-106
//www.bolshoyvopros.ru/questions/1062650-kak-iz-semechki-vyrastit-jablonju.html
Kuna iya shuka shi, amma babu garantin cewa itacen apple zai yi girma wanda zai fitar da daidai guda ɗaya daga abin da kuke so shuka. Yanzu sun yi hybrids of 2 ko fiye iri. A bisa manufa, yakamata a dasa bishiyoyi akan dwarf rootstocks. Kuma a sa'an nan za su iya yin girma har zuwa mita 9 a tsayin ku. Kuma kuna buƙatar haɓaka tsaba yadda yakamata. Da farko, ana sanya tsaba a kalla makonni 6 a cikin firiji don sanyaya, bayan haɗa su cikin jaka tare da peat rigar. Sa'an nan kuma dasa shi a cikin kofuna na takarda kuma saka windowsill mai kyau. Lokacin da seedlings yayi girma daga kofuna, ana dasa su a cikin ƙasa. A cikin yanayin bushe ko zafi, ruwa mai yalwa.
Atya
//www.lynix.biz/forum/mozhno-li-vyrastit-yablonyu-iz-semechka
Shuka tsaba na apple bishiyoyi da girma seedlings ba wuya. Ko da malamin gona mai novice na iya gwada kansa a cikin matsayin mai shayarwa kuma yayi girma da yawa bishiyun bishiyun a kan makircin sa, wanda ya shahara da tsananin hunturu da kyakkyawan aiki.
