Asalin tsire-tsire na Scheffler (Scheffler) nasa ne ga dangin Araliaceae. Al'adar ta kasance da sunan ɗan asalin Poland ne mai suna J. Scheffler, wanda ya rayu a ƙarni na 18. Masu furannin furanni suna godiya ga shuka don nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan su da nau'ikan su, da kuma sabon salo irin na ganye da aka sassaka. Ga dukkan fa'idodin da ya cancanta, shefler ɗin ba shi da ma'ana a cikin barin. Labarin ya tattauna abin da ke tattare da fure mai sheflera, kulawa gida, nau'ikan iri da iri, yaduwar al'adu, da sauransu.
Asali da bayyanar
Al'adar ta samo asali ne a yankuna masu zafi, haka kuma a wuraren da ke da yanayin dumama yanayi, musamman ma a Australia, Japan, China, Kudancin Amurka, New Guinea. A cikin daji, ana samun mai shefler a cikin nau'ikan ƙananan bishiyoyi, har ma da ciyayi da inab. Kulawar shuka yadda ya kamata zai samar masa da girma da aiki a cikin yanayin kula da gida.
Bishiyar cuta ta daji
Kyakkyawan fasalin fure shine hadaddunsa, an rarraba shi zuwa sassa 5-15 na ganyen tabular. A cikin bayyanar, sun yi kama da laima waɗanda suke a kan ƙananan santimita na centimita 30. A tsawon lokaci, ganye a cikin ƙananan akwati suka fara faɗuwa, suna tona gangar jikin daji.
Scheffler - shuka wanda zai iya yin fure kawai a yanayi na halitta ko a cikin gidaje da kuma lambunan Botanical.
Bayanin fure
Ganyen ganye na Shifflera yana kama da dabino na mutum. Duk lobes na farantin suna girma daga tushe ɗaya. Furen Sheffler ana kiranta da itacen laima ko laima na guna.
Harbe sun yi girma, amma ba lokacin farin ciki ba, wanda zai baka damar girma da yawa kofe a lokaci daya a cikin tukunya guda. A sakamakon haka, ana iya kafa tushe guda ɗaya, wanda ya ƙunshi rassa biyu na matasa masu shefler. Don tserewa guda, ana buƙatar tallafi, in ba haka ba hatsarin fure ya fashe ƙarƙashin nauyin ganyensa.
Itaciyar cikin gida
Mahimmanci! Abun da ke cikin furen fure ya ƙunshi abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da haushi na fata da membranes na mucous idan sun bayyana a farfajiya. Sabili da haka, kowane aiki tare da shuka dole ne a yi shi da taka tsantsan.
Shefler, kamar ficus, za'a iya girma a matsayin babban tsire na cikin gida.
Iri da nau'in sheflera
Asalin wannan shuka ya hada da nau'ikan 600, wanda shima yana da adadinsu iri daban-daban. Don haɓaka gida, aan nau'ikan al'adu ne kawai suka dace. Sun banbanta da juna ta fuskar bangon waya (alal misali, kasancewar ko rashin haƙoran haƙora tare da gefan farantin) da launinta (m kore, rawaya mai cike da shuɗi, da sauransu).
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Ga masu fararen lambu, cakuda sheflera sun shahara, wato, cakuda iri daban-daban.
Itace mai jifa ko itace
Gangar jikin karamin itace na iya zama mai jigon kafa ko a miƙe. Matasa mai tushe suna da launi mai launi, wanda a ƙarshe ya juya launin ruwan kasa. Rarraba cikin sassa da yawa, faranti na ganye na iya yin girma zuwa 20 cm a tsayi. Wasu nau'ikan suna da rawaya, m ko farin aibobi akan ganye.
Itace kamar
Yarjejeniyar Custer
Shruban ƙaramin thataramin da aka nuna godiya saboda girmanta. Wannan zabin ya dace da kananan ofisoshi da kuma gidaje.
Scheffler Gold Capella
Wannan nau'ikan yana da launin koren launi mai kyau na ganye mai haske wanda aka rufe da launin shuɗi da fari. Dankin yana jin daɗi a cikin inuwa m, amma har yanzu fi son haske mai haske.
Scheffler's Gold Capella
Sheflera mai haskakawa
Ganyen kore ko rawaya mai kama da zaitun ko yadudduka suna kan dogayen fure mai launin shuɗi. A faranti suna da daskararre.
'Ya'yan ganye takwas
Yana fasalin tsari marasa tsari na ganye. Beige petioles ya ƙare tare da ganyen lanceolate na 8-12 guda. Tsawon faranti tare da nunin nasihu yakai 40 cm, faɗin nisansa ya kai cm 10 plaasawar faranti-kore launuka masu launin fata tare da kamshin mai haske. Haske veins akan faranti a bayyane yake bayyana. A cikin tsire-tsire na manya, launin ganye na ganye ya zama kore.
Shefler ya fi kyau
Babu harbe da yawa da wannan shuka kamar yadda yake a sauran nau'in halittu. Tsawon harbe-harbe zai iya kaiwa mita 2. A kowane petiole, an samar da ganye zuwa 12 tare da denticles tare da gefuna.
Shefler Veitch
Siffar ganye tana da kyau, can elongated, farfajiyar ta sami gefuna gefuna. A launi na ganyen matasa samfurori ne m, manya - duhu kore.
Kwayar dabino
Mai tushe ba su da tsayi sosai. Fushin ƙasa yana da gefuna masu nauyi kuma an kasu kashi 7-10 lobes. Daban-daban tare da canza launi iri-iri suna da mafi kyawun kayan ado. Tsawon bishiyoyi ya bambanta daga mita 3 zuwa 8. Tsawon faranti na ganye, yayi kama da ganyen dabino, ya sha bamban daga 15 zuwa 30 cm. Petioles na iya girma zuwa 7-20 cm a tsayi. Farin inflorescences yayi kama da laima.
Palmate
Kasuwancin Shefler
Yana girma cikin gandun daji na Yammacin China. Al'adar daji ta kai tsayin mita 2-3. Ganyen suna da kama da itacen oak. Tsarin ɗakin al'adun yana da ƙananan girma (tsayi mai tsayi ba ya wuce 50 cm). Ji mai kyau a cikin dakuna inuwa.
Canza sheflers bayan sayan
Ana sayar da shuka duka a cikin ƙananan tukwane da kuma manyan furannin furanni. Idan karfin bai isa ba, ana bukatar dasa shukar fure cikin tukunyar da ta fi girma. Don fahimtar ko wannan lallai yana da mahimmanci, ya kamata a bincika tushen tsarin fure. Idan babu ƙwallon ƙasa a tsakiyar rhizome, to, ciyawar tana buƙatar sabon akwati, mafi girma. Idan akwai murɗa murɓa, ba a buƙatar dasa filawa.
An kara ba da shawarar cewa ana yin jigilar abinci na yau da kullun sau ɗaya a shekara a farkon bazara.
Shawara! Lokacin sayen sheflers, ya kamata ka kula da launi da ganyayyaki: daji ya kamata ya sami launi mai launi da santsi mai laushi.
Saukowa kamar haka:
- Ana sanya rufin magudanar ruwa (2-4 cm) a cikin sabon akwati, kuma an ɗora wasu kazamin santimita ƙasa a saman.
- An rarraba Tushen a kan substrate.
- Cika tukunya da ƙasa tare da cakuda ta yadda babu ɓarna a cikin akwati.
Lura! Idan ɗan itacen ya kai girman girma, a cikin bazara kana buƙatar yayyafa ƙasa sabo a cikin tukunya.
Abin da ƙasa zaɓi
Kafin dasawa da al'adun, kuna buƙatar shirya ƙasa mai haske tare da yanayin ɗan ƙaramin acidic. Ya kamata substrate ɗin ya ƙunshi abubuwan haɗin kamar:
- peat;
- humus;
- kyakkyawar yashi kogin
Matsakaicin shine 1: 3: 1.
Wani zabin:
- ƙasar turf
- humus;
- yashi.
Matsakaicin shine 2: 1: 1.
Hakanan zaka iya shirya cakuda mai zuwa:
- takin ko ƙasa mai ruɓi.
- peat;
- m yashi.
Matsakaicin shine 3: 1: 1.5.
Kiwon shedan
Tsarin daji na iya yaduwa ta hanyoyi guda uku:
- yanke;
- ta hanyar tsaba;
- sanyayawar iska.
Farfagandar ta yanke
An yanke sassan sassan babba na harbe, sannan kuma a bi da heteroauxin. An dasa kayan da aka girbe a cikin substrate wanda ya kunshi peat da yashi, tare da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa. Don ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse, an rufe ganyen tare da polyethylene ko gilashin gilashi, kuma suna samar da tsarin dumama ƙasa.
Yaduwa ta amfani da yanke
Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar zazzabi don haɓaka fure suna daga 20 zuwa 22 ° C.
Don tushen ya girma ya haɓaka mafi kyau, dole ne a ba da kyawawan ganyen tare da ingantaccen fitila, daskararren lokaci da iska. Da zarar an kafe cutukan, ana iya dasa su cikin tukwane daban.
Noma
Ana saukowa ƙasa a farkon ko tsakiyar hunturu. Abun da yadudduka na kasar gona ya kamata ya ƙunshi waɗannan kayan haɗin cikin yanki ɗaya:
- yashi;
- Turf;
- takardar ƙasa.
Ko daidai hannun jari da yashi. Kafin amfani, da substrate dole ne a gurbata. Dasa kayan yana narkewa a cikin gilashin ruwan dimi. A bu mai kyau ku kara shi wajan inganta shi. A cikin wannan fom ɗin, an bar ganyen da yawa don sa'o'i da yawa. M kwantena suna cike da ƙasa kuma ana binne tsaba a ciki da mintimita 8-10. Bayan haka ana shayar da su da ruwa mai yawa kuma an koma wuri mai ɗumi (20-24 ° C). Seedlings bukatar a kai a kai moistened da iska.
Lura! Idan kuka yi girma a shefler a cikin karamin-greenhouse, sabon furanni zai bayyana da sauri.
Lokacin da aka kafa ganyayyaki 2-3, ana rarraba seedlings a cikin kwantena daban. Bayan watanni 3, an dasa samfuran matasa a cikin akwati mafi girma kuma a canza su zuwa wurin da ake cike da wuta tare da zafin jiki na 14-15 ° C.
A cikin bazara, an matsar da fureffiyar fure zuwa sabon tukunya ta hanyar hanyar canzawa.
Noma
Kulawar Sheflera
Wannan tsire-tsire sau da yawa yana adon ciki na gidaje na birni na yau da kullun, har ma da wuraren ofis, mafi yawan lokuta sarari da manyan bango. Shefler gaba daya bashi da ma'ana, don haka ko da malamin gona da ba shi da ilimi zai iya yin fure. Scheffler baya buƙatar kulawa mai rikitarwa a gida.
Haske da wuri
Yana da kyau a sanya mai shefi a waɗancan ƙananan taga waɗanda suke gefen yamma ko gabashin ɓangaren ɗakin. Takamaiman wurin namo da kuma matsayin haske yana dogaro ne da nau'in al'ada. Itatuwan kore basu buƙatar haske mai zurfi, saboda haka suna jin kyau akan windowsill a gefen arewa, kuma nau'ikan da suka bambanta waɗanda suke buƙatar haske mai yawa akan taga ko yamma.
Sheffler houseplant ya fi son haske ya bazu cikin haske. A cikin hunturu, ban da hasken halitta, yana da kyau a yi amfani da wucin gadi. Idan zazzabi a cikin kaka da hunturu ya wuce 18 ° C, ana bada shawara don amfani da fitilar mai kyalli.
Hankali! Bai kamata a ba da izinin dogon lokaci ba yayin tsananin zafin rana.
A lokacin rani, a cikin yanayi mai kyau, ana iya fitar da fure zuwa ga iska mai tsabta, alal misali, a cikin lambu ko a baranda, a ɗan shaƙa ƙarancin haske. Lokacin da girma zayyana sheflera ba a yarda da su ba.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Sheflera tana da kyau a zazzabi na ɗakin talakawa. A cikin kaka da hunturu, ya kamata iska ta dumama zuwa 16-18 ° C. Mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki shine 12 ° C.
Mahimmanci! Ba a yarda ya sanya shuka kusa da tsarin dumama ba.
Manuniyar yau da kullun suna canzawa lokaci-lokaci. Changesananan canje-canje zasu zama da amfani ga fure.
Watering da wulakanci
Ofaya daga cikin mahimman dokoki, yadda za a kula da cutar malabus, ta sauko zuwa ƙarshen shayarwa. Yi wannan hanyar a kai a kai, cikin matsakaici. Dole ne ruwa ya zama da dumi, a zaunar dashi. Bai kamata a yiwa murfin dunƙule ya bushe ko turɓaɓin ruwa da acid ɗin da keɓaɓɓen ya faru ba. A cikin hunturu, ana yawan rage yawan ruwa sosai.
An fi son zafi mai zafi ga masu sheflers, duk da haka matakin ɗakin al'ada shima ya dace. A lamari na biyu, kuna buƙatar a kai a kai (sau 1-2 a rana) sanyaya shuka tare da taushi, tsabta da ruwa mai laushi daga kwalban feshi.
Lura! Don girma shuki, zaka iya amfani da hanyar hydroponic.
Manyan miya
Tsarin takin ƙasa don ɗakunan gidan gona masu ɗorewa ya dace da wannan. Kuna buƙatar ciyar da sau 2 a wata a duk lokacin girma (eg a bazara da bazara).
Kyakkyawan sani! Bayan juyawa, fure na gida na sheffler yana buƙatar kawai a ciyar dashi kamar ganyayyaki na yara.
Lokacin hutawa
Ta ci gaba har zuwa lokacin hunturu. A wannan lokacin, furen ba ya girma. A farkon lokacin hunturu, mai shefler yana buƙatar canja shi zuwa ɗaki mai haske tare da zafin jiki na 14-16 ° C.
Mai jan tsami
Samuwar daji ya zama dole domin ita ta zama mafi daukaka. Ana yin wannan kamar haka:
- An yanke harbi mai ban sha'awa daga bishiya mai girma, wanda aƙalla 4-5 masu wasan ciki suke ba.
- Bayan wani lokaci, sabon kansirorin za su fito, wanda zai ba wa shuka tsiro mai siffar zobe.
Za'a iya amfani da yankan katako don yin yaduwar fure.
Tun da pruning damuwa ce ga shuka, ana bada shawara don ciyar da mai shefler a wannan lokacin.
Al'adar gargajiya ce, kyakkyawa ce mai kyau da kuma tsiro. Shuke-shuken Sheffler suna da sauƙi don kulawa, kuma nau'ikan nau'ikan iri da iri suna ba ka damar zaɓin fure don kowane, har ma da ɗanɗano da sauri. Abin da ya sa amfanin gona ya dace don haɓaka gida. Bi ƙarƙashin duk dokoki da shawarwari don abun da ke cikin shefler, zai daɗe yana kawo wasu daɗin daɗin daɗaɗɗa da gaske.
