Streptokarpus - flower mai ban mamaki, da sauri samun karɓuwa a tsakanin masoya da tsire-tsire na cikin gida da kuma bukatar kula da hankali da kulawa.
Wasu lokutan masu shuka suna lura cewa ganyen shuka suna da laushi, canza launi kuma suna fara bushe, kuma mafi yawansu suna bakin ciki cewa lokacin flowering bai faru ba. Duk wannan yana nuna cewa streptocarpus ba shi da lafiya ko an kai hari ta hanyar kwari.
Brief description of flower
Streptocarpus (lat. Streptocarpus) - shuka na iyali Gesneriyevye, ya fito ne daga gandun daji da kuma gandun daji na wurare masu zafi a kan gangaren duwatsu na Thailand, tsibirin Madagascar da Afrika ta Kudu. Dangane da nau'in, wasu streptokarpus sun fi son filin aridaya, yayin da wasu - gandun daji. Wannan inji na iya zama shekara-shekara ko mai kyau, mai ciyawa da shrub.
Gudun daji da tsirrai na streptocarpus yayi girma har zuwa 30 cm a tsawon da kuma 5-7 cm a fadin, suna da kore, da iri iri suna da launi na motley. Filan Bell suna da ƙananan furanni na launuka daban-daban kuma an samo su a kan high peduncles da ke fitowa daga leafuses.
'Ya'yan itace a cikin nau'i mai tsutsawa ya zama dalilin sunan shuka, wanda aka fassara daga tsohon harshen Helenanci a matsayin "' ya'yan itace da aka tada". A cikin 'ya'yan itace yana dauke da furen fure. Bayan haka, za ku koyi game da cututtuka na furen, magani, za ku ga hotuna abin da matsaloli daban-daban da kwari suka kama.
Cututtuka da magani
Kamar mafi yawan tsire-tsire, streptokarpus ba kare daga cututtuka da matsaloli daban-daban tare da ganye da flowering. Yawancin lokaci sukan faru ne saboda rashin kulawa na fure, don haka yana da muhimmanci a kiyaye. Duk da haka, yawancin cututtuka za a iya magance su idan an gano su a lokaci kuma an dauki matakan da suka dace.
Me ya sa tsatsa ya bayyana kuma me zan yi?
Bar, mai tushe, furen fure, leaf stalks, iri-kwalaye za a iya ganin pods na launin toka-launin ruwan kasa launi, emitting maras tabbas spores. Suna bayyana launin rawaya ("tsattsauran" Bloom) a kan faranti na launi kuma daga bisani ya fadi dukan flower. Sakamakon wannan cuta na iya zama ƙananan watering, taki mai yawa da ke dauke da nitrogen da yawan yawa.
Idan an gano cutar a wuri na farko, dole ne a cire duk abin da ya shafi harbe da ganye. A game da cututtukan da ba a kula da su ba, wanda ba zai iya yin ba tare da yin amfani da furotin ba, kamar, misali, Abiga-Peak, Baktofit, Topaz, Fitosporin-M. An fara yin maganin farko idan an sami "tsatsa" a jikin ganye., kara maimaita bayan kwanaki 7-14.
Dry ganye
Idan takardar streptokarpus ya zama kusan bushe a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, to, wannan alama ce mai kyau na ƙananan zafi a dakin. Bugu da kari, injin ba shi da isasshen iska.
Domin gyara wannan matsala ya kamata ka:
- cire duk ganye bushe;
- yad da sarari a kusa da shuka kuma yayi shi akai-akai;
- sanya akwati da ruwa kusa da flower.
Har ila yau, ya kamata ka hau cikin dakin da aka dasa shi. Yin rigakafin wannan matsala tare da ganye shine don sarrafa yawan zazzabi da zafi a dakin.
Kusa da kaya na ganye
Lokacin da ganyen furen ya fara bushe kuma ya aikata shi ba tare da dadi ba, yana farawa daga tip, wannan zai iya haifar da matsanancin zafi a cikin dakin ko kuma gaskiyar cewa tushen tsarin ya zama cikin ƙoshin. Don taimakawa shuka, kana buƙatar:
- a hankali a datsa sassa bushe na ganye;
- yayyafa da yanka na crushed kunnawa ko gawayi ko kirfa foda;
- yada iska kusa da furen, tabbatar da cewa babu ruwa ya fadi a kan furen kanta.
Shuka ba yayi girma ba
Wani lokaci ya faru da cewa streptokarpus tsayawa samar da flower stalks, akwai da dama bayani ga wannan:
- watakila wannan iri-iri ba ya yi girma a cikin hunturu, kuma babu buƙatar yin wani abu sai dai jira spring;
- wasu jinsunan, kafin suyi furanni, buƙatar samun taro mai duhu, wanda ya isa ya yi fure.
Idan shuka ya tsufa, babban adadi mai girma, amma ba ya yi fure ba, yana nufin cewa akwai kuskure a cikin abun ciki na furen:
- furen yana samuwa a cikin inuwa - dole ne a motsa tukunya kusa da hasken, amma ba a bari idan an shigar da rana ba;
- kan-ban ruwa, saboda abin da tushen tsarin zai iya farawa - cire shuka daga tukunya, cire lalacewar lalacewa, bi da sassan da maganin antiseptic kuma dasa furanni a cikin wani sabon ƙasa tare da malalewa a kasa na tukunyar da aka rigaya ya riga ya kama;
- rashin abinci mai gina jiki a ƙasa - kana buƙatar ciyar da shuka tare da taki;
- tsara ado ado fure dakin furanni;
- bushes streptokarpus ma thickened - ya zama dole don cire guda kananan ganye daga petioles na babban ganye.
Bugu da ƙari, flowering na iya zama ba a nan saboda tsufa foliage. A wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar raba rassan shuke-shuke da sassafe zuwa sabbin fure-fure, wannan zai taimaka wajen fitowar sababbin ganye.
Jarabawa
Thrips
Wannan ƙananan kwari ne, wanda tsawonsa ne kawai 1-2 mm, yana da wuya a gani. Wadannan kwari suna cin abinci akan tsire-tsire. Sanduna ko launin ruwan kasa suna fitowa a kan ganyayyaki da rassan, ganye suna bushe kuma suna fitowa daga gefen zuwa tsakiyar, alamu na lalacewa daga kayan tsintsa mai ma'ana suna bayyane a kan ganye da aka bushe, kuma ƙwayar ƙwayar kwari tana bayyane a cikin ɓangaren ciki da na ciki na ganye.
Hanyar gwagwarmaya:
- lokacin da aka gano cututtuka a yayin flowering streptocarpus, dole ne a farko don cire duk furanni da buds;
- Tsarin magani na maganin rigakafi ya dogara ne akan tsarin rayuwa na kwari: bayan magani guda daya, manya da larvae sun mutu, amma nymphs sun kasance marasa lafiya, don haka magani ya kamata a yi sau uku a kowace kwana 7 (kana buƙatar shirya wani bayani, diluting 1 "Fitoverma" a cikin gilashin ruwa guda 1).
Duk wani bayani zai rasa dukiyarsa a yayin ajiya, don haka kuna buƙatar amfani da shi nan da nan.
Gizo-gizo mite
Idan a lokacin dubawa na ƙananan sashin launi, tsakanin sutura, an gano mai haske mai launin fata, murfin ganye yana da launin ruwan kasa, kuma ganye kanta yana rawaya kuma ya bushe, yana farawa daga gefuna, waɗannan alamun alamomin gizo-gizo ne.
Yana da muhimmanci! Mite ya jure cututtuka.
Kwayoyin gargajiya ba su da iko a cikin yaki da kwaro, sabili da haka Dole ne kuyi amfani da maganin zamani, irin su "Sunmite", "Nissoran", "Apollo". Dangane da hanyar da za a zaɓa, hanyoyin da za a kula da shuka da shirya maganin ya bambanta:
- "Sunmite" - 1 gram na foda a kan 1 l. ruwa. Magungunan miyagun ƙwayoyi suna da haɗari, ana iya amfani dasu sau ɗaya kawai a shekara.
- "Nissoran" - 1 gram na miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da lita 1 na ruwa, girgiza spray tare da bayani da aiwatar da ganye daga kowane bangare. Kayan aiki yana da tasiri kafin babban yawan mutane masu girma sun bayyana.
- "Apollo" - 4 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi diluted a lita 10 na ruwa.
Lokacin aiki tare da acaricides, dole ne ka yi amfani da kayan aiki na sirri., bayan magani, wajibi ne a wanke fuska da hannayensu tare da sabulu da ruwa, ku wanke baki, wanda aka shirya shirin, ba tare da yin amfani da kayan ƙanshi ba.
Aphid
Wannan ƙananan kwari ne mai taushi mai laushi. Ciwon kwari yana motsawa cikin rafuffukan iska a nesa, saboda haka yana da alama yana bayyana a kan tsire-tsire a spontaneously. Da zarar aphid ya fure furen, zai ninka hanzari, kuma mata zasu iya haifar da zuriya a shekaru 3-6.
Mafi sau da yawa farmaki by aphids shuke-shuke da suke a kai a kai transfused ko overdry. Kwaro zai iya bayyana a tsakiyar shuka, a kan furanni, buds da tushe. Ciyar da ciwon kwari a kan tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire, shafewa da wucewa ta jikinsa, bayan haka wani kwanciya mai laushi ya bayyana a cikin foliage kuma, a sakamakon haka, ƙwayoyin duhu, sun ɓace lokacin da aphid ya ɓace.
Alamun kasancewar aphids ne - babban adadin a kan injin farin membranes daga larvae, karkatar da ganyayyaki da sayensu na siffar sabon abu. Don yaƙar kwari Dole ne a shirya wani bayani, da zazzafa 10 ml na Iskra Bio, da tsarma cikin lita 1 na ruwa. Kowane kwanaki 7, yada dukkanin tsire-tsire sau uku.
Janar dokoki don kula da kwaro
Faɗar da shuka marasa lafiya
Cututtuka da kwari suna iya yada zuwa tsire-tsire dake kusa da streptocarpus wanda ya faru, saboda haka, a wasu alamu na cutar ko ƙwayar cuta, dole ne a ware shi daga wasu furanni a wuri-wuri ta hanyar saka shi a kan wani shinge.
Jiyya tare da ma'aikatan tsaro
Don hana ci gaban cututtuka da kai hari ga kwari, dole ne a bi da shuka tare da ma'aikatan tsaro, kamar "Fitoverm". Don yin wannan, soke 2 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin 200 ml na ruwa da kuma fesa da flower tare da sakamakon sakamakon kowane kwanaki 5-8. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da "Aktofit" da "Kleschevit."
Cututtuka da streptocarpus suke fallasa su ne misali ga dukan houseplants. Don kauce wa matsalolin lokacin da kake girma wannan furen, kana buƙatar:
- bi bin tsarin watering;
- guje wa bushewa mai zurfi ko matsanancin danshi na substrate;
- kare flower daga hasken rana kai tsaye;
- a kai a kai iska dakin da kuma kula da wani babban mataki na zafi;
- ɗauke da magungunan tsire-tsire daga tsire-tsire daga kwari da kwari.
