Ɗaya daga cikin tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa sune marigolds. Ƙaramin tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya duk lokacin rani na rani ko furanni mai launin ja, an samo shi a cikin shakatawa, kwari da lambuna.
Ƙanshin wariyar marigolds yana kwashe yawan kwari, amma akwai kwari da ke rayuwa da kuma ciyar da furanni. Rashin girke-girke da kuma sunadarai zasu taimaka wajen kare flowerbed. Wannan labarin zai dubi yadda za'a aiwatar da furanni daga gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, aphids da sauran kwari, kazalika da yadda za'a bi da cututtuka.
A taƙaice game da shuka
An yi amfani da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara da Aren a cikin Rasha "marigolds". Sunan kimiyya Tagetes ne. A Turai, furanni sun fito ne a karni na XVI, suna zuwa cikin tsohuwar duniya daga Amurka a kan jirgi na masu rinjaye. A cikin ƙarni na aikin, shayarwa sun shayar da nau'in iri iri 60 da marigold hybrids. Tsawon tsirrai da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire ya sa ya zama sananne a cikin lambu. Ƙara koyo game da nau'o'in marigold, da kuma ganin bayanin da hotunan furanni a nan, da kuma game da siffofin kulawa da ra'ayi mai mahimmanci, karanta a nan.
Marigolds - tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire masu launin korera da haske. Al'adu tsawo daga 20 zuwa 100 cm. Mahimman nau'ikan iri guda uku suna girma a cikin kayan ado:
- ƙi;
- kafa;
- na bakin ciki.
Koyi yadda za a yi girma a cikin tsaka-tsalle, Mudun daji, Anyi jinsin marigolds a bude ƙasa, da kuma fahimtar hoto na furanni a nan.
Dabbobin marigold da aka samu tare da Chrysanthemum, biyu da Semi-biyu furanni. Daidaitaccen hybrids ne fari, rawaya, orange, ja ko biyu launi.
Cututtuka da magani
Kula da marigolds mai sauƙi ne, amma idan aka keta shawarwari game da dasa shuki da kuma danshi, fure-furen ya kamu da furanni.
Black kafa
Matsalar da ta fi dacewa ta seedlings Tagetes - bayyanar launuka masu duhu a kasa na tushe. Wannan ƙwayar cuta ce da ake kira blackleg.
An halaka shuke-shuke da aka yi fama da cuta. An dasa bishiyoyi mai kyau zuwa wata ƙasa, kafin a bi da su tare da fungicide.
Don rigakafin cututtuka, ana shuka nau'in shuka da ƙasa kafin a dasa shuki tare da furotin, abu mai sinadarai wanda ya rushe naman gwari.
Tushen tushen
Matsaloli da tushensu sun shafi bayyanar shuka. Ya bushe, ya juya launin rawaya, sa'annan ya mutu. Babu magani. Don hana lalacewar tushen rot zai yarda da yarda da agrotechnology - dasa furanni a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, matsakaicin watering. Yana da yiwuwa a ciyar da seedlings tare da sabo ne taki. Wannan kakar da shekara ta gaba bata zama dole don dasa tsire-tsire a yankin da aka kamu ba.
Kwayoyin cututtuka
Ana nuna alamun marigolds masu kamuwa da cututtuka a cikin nau'i na launi da buds, rashin tsaba, rawaya na mai tushe. A cikin ganyayyaki suna nuna launin baki da alamu na launi na tagulla. Kwayar cutar zata iya farawa a kowane mataki na cigaba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsire-tsire tare da jerin alamun bayyanar cututtuka an fitar da su kuma an hallaka su.
Kwaro - hoto, bayanin da kuma kulawa
Rows na m marigolds sau da yawa ya bayyana a cikin kayan lambu mai gadaje. Ana shuka furanni ba don ƙarancin kayan ado ba, amma a matsayin hanyar maimaita karin kwari. An kawar da su daga albasa da kwari, da ƙananan kwari, da kuma polar bears. Ba dukkan kwari suna jin tsoron phytoncides ba.. Wasu kwari suna zaune a cikin bishiyoyin marigold, suna lalata kayan ado na furanni. Da ke ƙasa, zamu gaya kuma nuna wanda ya ci mai tushe kuma ya ci ganyayyaki na wannan shuka.
Aphid
Nauyin jikin jikin aphids shine 3-7 mm, kawunsa an sanye shi tare da proboscis, wanda zai iya zubar da ganye da mai tushe don ciyar da tsire-tsire. Cibiyoyin rayuwa suna zaune a manyan yankunan da ke zalunci cin gaban furanni. Abhid takunkumi yana jawo hankalin sauran kwari kuma suna taimakawa wajen bayyanar cututtukan fungal.
Ta yaya lambu magance m aphids? Dabbobi na Aphid suna da sinadarai masu aiki da ke haifar da matsanancin nakasa da mutuwar kwari. Bayan aiki, sun shiga jiki na kwaro tare da tsire-tsire. Ayyuka na karewa har zuwa makonni uku. Daga cikin kwayoyi masu mahimmanci: "Fita", "Aktara", "Fufanon." Zaka iya sarrafa furanni tare da nazarin halittu yana nufin "Fitoverm". An yi amfani dashi don marigolds a filin bude da greenhouse.
Slugs da katantanwa
A lokacin rani rani slugs da katantanwa suna bayyana a cikin babban thickets na taggettes. Yana da wuyar samun su, mollusks ya bayyana a daren. Sakamakon abincin su shine ramuka a cikin ganyayyaki, lalata mai tushe. Fannun matasa na yau da kullum suna shafar su. Gano makiyi zai iya kasancewa a kan hanyoyi na ƙananan ƙwayoyi.
Tip! Hanya mafi kyau wajen yaki da ƙuƙwalwar ita ce ta kafa tarko. Kusa da furanni sa allon, ɓangaren plywood ko burlap, kabeji ganye. A karkashin waɗannan abubuwa a cikin rana slugs za su boye. Gidawar tsari, an tattara su kuma an hallaka su.
Tsarin ƙanƙara "Girgizar ruwan" zai taimaka wajen magance matsalar nan da nan. Lokacin da ya watsar da shi yana da mahimmanci don kula da kariya daga fili na respiratory. Slugs da katantanwa suna tsoro daga mustard foda, infusions na albasa da tafarnuwa, amfani da tushe da ganye na shuka.
Thrips
Ƙananan kwari na 1-2 mm a cikin girman suna da sananne ga masu shuka furanni. Ba wai kawai suyi tsami da tsire-tsire ba, har ma suna yada cututtuka. Thrips lurk a cikin marigold buds, inda shi ne quite wuya a samu su. A gaban kwari suna faɗar labaran gaji, da nakasawa ko abscission na furanni. Gwanin rarraba yana kwanta a lokacin zafi, lokacin da sabon ƙaruwa ya fito daga qwai qasa.
Ana iya ceton Tagetes daga kwari ta hanyar kwari. A farkon bayyanar cututtuka na kamuwa da cuta, an shirya wani bayani na shirye-shirye na musamman "Karate", "Intavir", "Aktellik". Ana amfani da ma'anar ruwa a cikin ruwa bisa ga umarnin mai sayarwa. Ana yin furanni da safe ko da maraice a yanayin sanyi.
Gizo-gizo mite
Ƙananan arthropod yana aiki a yanayin zafi mai bushe. Mite na farko ya haifar da ƙwayar matasan girma a cikin gida. Amma tare da rashin ruwa, ya bayyana akan tsire-tsire masu girma. Alamar alamomi na kamuwa da annoba shine:
- bayyanar hasken haske a kan ganye;
- yin ɗawainiyar wuraren da abin ya shafa tare da suturar bakin ciki;
- bushewa da ganye (don cikakkun bayanai game da marigold tafe da abin da za a yi tare da shi, karanta a nan).
Girman kwaro shine 0.6-1 mm. Guraben gizo-gizo suna zaune a cikin mazauna, suna ɓoye a baya na ganye. Manya da 'ya'yansu suna katse takalma na marigolds da kuma ciyar da sap. Lokacin da yawancin ke tsiro, an zaɓi karin kwari a kan fure-fure, samar da yanar gizo tsakanin mai tushe. Ƙananan tsire-tsire sun zama m zuwa ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtuka.
Abu na farko da za a yi idan aka samu yanar gizo, wanke shuka tare da ruwa daga tiyo. Wannan zai ba da damar wanke wasu daga cikin kwari da kuma ƙara yawan zafi.
Cikakken gilashin zai taimaka wajen kawar da kason (200 g na samfurin da 1 l na ruwa), an shafe lita 5 na mai da 1 l na ruwa.
Arthropods ba zai iya tsayawar wariyar taba. Daga ganye (250 g), sabin wanki (50 g) da lita 3 na ruwa, shirya wani jiko. Bayan 2-3 jiyya, da kwari kwata.
Kayan samfurori sune mafi sauri don rabu da mites. "Antikleshch" - kayan aikin musamman wanda ya danganci malathion. Ayyukan acaricide yana bayyana bayan 'yan sa'o'i, ana iya amfani dashi a yanayin zafi. Babu ƙananan magunguna masu amfani da "Apollo", "Akarin", "Neoron".
Caterpillars
Ganyayyaki kore ganye suna da alamun tasirin caterpillars. Bayan zama a kan shafin, fuskokin butterflies na cin abinci a kan ganye daban-daban, ba tare da la'akari da marigolds ba. Fure masu lalacewa sun rasa haɓarsu na ado.
Taimakawa kawar da kututtukan yana nufin haɗin aiki-lamba aiki "Arrivo", "Akarin." A bayani na sunadarai sprayed a kan furanni. Yana shiga cikin jikin caterpillars tare da abinci. Kwajin ya mutu a cikin 'yan sa'o'i kadan.
Tsarin kariya
Lokaci na cin abinci na marigolds ya fadi a cikin watanni mafi zafi na rani. (don ganin yadda furanni ke kallon hotunan, da kuma gano dalilin da ya sa shuka ba ta rushe buds, za ka iya a nan). Don kaucewa matsaloli tare da mites da gizo-gizo, kana buƙatar yin ruwa a kai a kai da kuma yayyafa tsire-tsire da ruwa. Tsuntsi mai laushi ya hana bayyanar kwari.
Don hana cututtuka da bayyanar kwari, ana ba da shawarar wadannan ayyuka:
- Gwangwadon lokacin da ake yaduwa da shinge ƙasar tsakanin itatuwan marigolds.
- Cire busassun kuma kamuwa da buds.
- Yarda da watering.
- Gabatarwar daya ko biyu phosphorus-potassium fertilizing domin kakar (ƙarin game da yadda za a ciyar da "Chernobrovtsy" don yawan flowering, za ka iya samun a nan).
Shawarwarin. Tsarin tsire-tsire na shredded bushes na tsuntsaye na shekara a cikin ƙasa ya hana ci gaban fungal cututtuka.
Ƙari akan yadda zaka kare marigolds da kafi so daga cututtuka da kwari, mun gaya mana cikin wannan abu.
A cikin mai tushe, asalinsu da ganyen marigold sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu aiki - phytoncides, don kaucewa yawancin cutar. Kula da furanni da kyau, yarda da yanayin da aka ba da shawarar na watering yana baka damar kiyaye tsire-tsire masu kyau da lafiya. Yin shuka tagetes a gonar a gonar yana taimakawa kare kayan lambu daga wasu kwari, ciki har da nematodes.
