Balsam Waller - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto

Balsam Waller (Waller) (Impatiens walleriana), wanda kuma aka sani da "impatiens" - tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire na gidan balsamic, tare da m m ganye na duhu kore ko m launi, game da 60 cm high.

Alsasar haihuwar balsam yanki ne na wurare masu zafi na Afirka da Asiya, tun daga 1596 ya bazu zuwa Turai da Amurka. Furancinta, mai sauki ko ninki biyu, ana samunsu iri ɗaya, suna da palet mai haske iri daban-daban, banda rawaya da shuɗi. Bayan fure-fure, an kirkiro 'ya'yan itace-mai kama da akwati a cikin shuka, wanda yake buɗewa cikin sauƙi, yana sakin babban adadin ƙananan tsaba.

Impatiens shine perennial tare da babban girma girma, blooming mafi yawan shekara. Lokacin da yaduwar riga a cikin wata na uku bayan fitowar shuka, balsam yana ba da farkon fure.

Hakanan tabbatar da ganin yadda ake girma aptenia a gida.

Kula da balsam a gida. A takaice

Balsam a gida abu ne mai sauki kuma ba mai buƙatar fure bane mai kulawa. Ka'idoji na yau da kullun don abubuwan da ke cikin balsam:

Balsam: kulawar gida

Fulawa mai gudana

A cikin yanayi mai kyau, ciyawar balsam tana ci gaba kusan zagaye na shekara, daga farkon bazara zuwa Disamba. Furancinta tare da diamita na 4 zuwa 6 cm, dangane da iri-iri, na iya zama guda ɗaya, tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwallafa, ƙarancin wutar lantarki, a cikin yanayin inflorescences na axillary, kuma wani lokacin suna kan elongated pedicels. Palette mai launi mai launi na shuka yana ba ka damar amfani da shi azaman kayan ado na ado na ɗakuna, baranda, baranda.

Bugu da kari, ana yawan dasa bishiyoyin a shafin kamar shekara shekara.

Kafin ruwan sama ko bayan ruwa mai ƙarfi, ganyen ganyaye suna fitar da huɗaɗɗan ruwan 'ya'yan itace, wanda, bayan bushewa, ana juyar da su zuwa lu'ulu'un sukari. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, wannan yana kiyaye pollen na shuka daga tururuwa.

Furen furanni iri iri na balsam sunyi kyau sosai a cikin tukwane na furanni da filayen fure.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Balsam na gida yana jin daɗin zama mafi sauƙi a cikin yanayi mai ɗumi - ba tare da zane-zane ba, yanayin zafi mai zafi da bushewar busassun. A lokacin rani, yana da kyau a gare shi ya kasance tare da loggias na rana da balconies, a cikin hunturu ya fi kyau a sanya shi a cikin ɗaki mai tsaka mai zafi tare da zazzabi na 15-18 ºС.

Fesa

Tsarin balsamic a gida yana son zafi mai zafi kuma yana yiwuwa a samar dashi a lokacin bazara mai zafi kawai tare da taimakon feshin shuka na yau da kullun. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ruwa mai laushi, tsaftataccen ruwa, fesa danshi a ƙasa da ganyayyaki, guje wa hulɗa da furanni.

Haske

Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai matukar daukar hoto, amma ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga zafin rana. Windows na Gabas, wuraren da hasken rana mai taushi cikakke ne. A cikin lokacin hunturu, ana shirya ƙarin haske aƙalla awanni 14 a rana ta amfani da fitilu na musamman.

Da farko lokacin hutawa, yakamata a rage hasken.

Watse balsam

Ruwa furen daidai gwargwadon abin da ake buƙata don cike ƙasa. Idan muka ba da izinin bushewa na datti na ciki tare da tushen tsarin - balsam saukad da buds, gefuna ganyayyaki ya bushe. A cikin hunturu, yawan ruwa ya kamata a rage, amma har yanzu baya barin ƙasan ta bushe.

Don ban ruwa, mai laushi kamar yadda ake amfani da ruwan sama ko ruwa mai narkewa, mai zafi sama da yawan zafin jiki na ɗakin.

Dankalin Balsam

Don yawan fure na yau da kullun na balsam, an sanya shi a cikin matsakaici-mai girma, har ma da tukunyar filawa mai ɗan wuya. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, wannan kwandon shara ne tare da inci 17 cm, wanda zai ba da izinin fure don jagorantar sojojin daidai da samuwar buds, kuma ba ci gaban tushen tsarin ba. Bugu da kari, manyan tukwane suna haddasa juji a Tushen saboda acidification na ƙasa.

Kasar

Balsam a gida ya rayu da kyau a cikin ƙasa ta duniya, amma an yi amfani da ƙasa mai acidic na abubuwan da ke biye:

• turf ƙasar (1 part)
• yashi ko leshi (1 bangare)
• ganye ganye (3 sassa)

Ko da kuwa irin nau'in ƙasa, ƙaramin magudanar ruwa wanda ya ƙunshi gawayi ko yumɓu da yadudduka ya zama dole.

Taki da taki

Tsarin takin zamani na ma'adinin phosphorus-potassium wanda zai tallafawa shuka a lokacin tsiro, samar da ciyawar lush da fure zai zama da amfani ga balsam. Ana ciyar da irin waɗannan hanyoyin sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 10, ta hanyar yin ruwa ko spraying. Rashin haƙuri ba ya haƙuri da ƙari na abubuwan da ake amfani da shi.

Hakanan, kar a hado fure a lokacin rashin lafiya ko lokacin rashin lafiya.

Juyawa

Ana yin saƙar tumbi a shekara a cikin bazara a cikin ƙananan kwantena na girman yau da kullun. A mafi yawan lokuta ana amfani da hanyar warwarewa, wanda a hankali aka cire daji na fure daga tukunya ba tare da girgiza ƙasa ba daga tushen, sai a sanya shi cikin sabon akwati, sai a cika ciko waɗanda aka kafa tare da sabuwar ƙasa.

Tushen ƙwayar shuka ba ta ƙasa. Bayan an shayar da ruwa, an sanya sabon balsam a cikin inuwa kuma an ɗauke shi zuwa inda ya saba bayan kwana uku kawai.

A lokacin furanni, ba za a iya dasa shuki a ciki ba, in ba haka ba zai sauke fure da ke akwai, tunda ya tsaya cikin girma.

Yadda za a datsa balsam?

Kulawa da balsam a gida ya hada da rage harbe da shuka, wanda ake aiwatarwa lokaci guda tare da dasawa. Wannan ya zama dole ba wai kawai don samar da siffar mai siffar zobe ba, har ma don sake farfado da shuka, ta bunkasa da girma.

Baya ga pruning, danda elongated harbe suna a kai a kai pinched, barin 3 buds a kan reshe. Za a iya sanya sarewar furanni a cikin ruwa don dasawa.

Lokacin hutawa

Lokacin hutawa a balsam yakan tilasta. A cikin yankuna na rana tare da yanayi mai laushi, inji yana iya yin fure shekara-shekara. Kuma a cikin wurare masu sanyi, furen yana tafiya don hunturu zuwa wuri mai inuwa daga Oktoba ko Disamba zuwa Fabrairu.

Halin da ake tsare a yayin wannan lokacin: zafin jiki sama ba ya fi 15-18 ºС, matsakaici watering, ban da saman miya da spraying.

Girma bututun mai daga tsaba

Ofaya daga cikin fasalin wannan fure shine girmar akwatin 'ya'yan itace, wanda, a kowane lamba daga waje, fasa, sakin yawancin tsaba a waje, adana germination har zuwa shekaru 8. Shuka ƙasa dole ne a sieved kuma disinfected. Zai iya zama cakuda yashi-peat, ko kuma wani sashi daga ƙasa lambun hade da yashi. Yawancin lokaci ana yin amfanin gona a watan Afrilu-Mayu, amma wasu nau'ikan balsam, alal misali, Sabuwar matasan Guinea, ana iya shuka su a watan Janairu.

Shuka dabaru na tsaba balsam:

• abin da aka shirya yana shimfiɗa shi a cikin ƙananan kwantena, ana amfani da shi tare da bindiga mai fesawa;
• an shimfiɗa tsaba a farfajiya na ƙasa don nisan da ke tsakanin su ya kai 3-4 cm;
• ba a ba da shawarar yayyafa tsaba gaba ɗaya ba, kawai dan kadan - tare da yashi ko ƙasan da aka yanke;
• Bayan bushewar amfanin gona, yanayin halitta ne.

Bayan kwanaki 5-15, zaku iya tsammanin tsiron shuka. Lokacin da suka kai girman 1 cm, samun cikakkun ganye yana nuna alama cewa lokaci yayi da za mu nutse.

Don sha'awan furanni na balsam na bazara a lokacin bazara, yana da daraja shuka seedlings a cikin farkon Maris.

Yaduwa da balsam ta sare

Hanya mafi sauki kuma mafi sauri don yaduwar balsam shine yaduwar tsiro. Har ya zuwa ƙarshen, a watan Mayu-Yuni, maɓallin furanni masu ƙarfi, masu lafiya, ana sanya su a taƙaice a cikin inuwa. Da zaran daji yana ba da harbe-harbe da yawa, an yanke su kuma suna kafe cikin ruwa.

Sa'an nan kuma dasa a cikin kwantena daban da cakuda kasar gona mai dan kadan. Don haka, zaku iya yaɗa fure a kowane lokaci na shekara. Shuka mai girma cikin fure lokacin rani har ma a cikin hunturu.

Yana da kyau a tuna cewa tsire-tsire matasa suna buƙatar haske mai haske, in ba haka ba toshe filayen za a miƙa su sosai ba tare da samun ƙarfi da launi ba.

Cutar da kwari

Lokacin da yake dauke da balsam, masu noman fure sukan hadu da matsaloli kamar haka:

• Balsam ya bushe ya faɗi. Yana faruwa a yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa da 10 ºС, kuma tare da rashin danshi.
• Mai ja an ja. Dalilin shine tsananin rashin hasken haske.
• Bayyanan bayyanannu akan ganye. Sanadin cututtukan fungal na fure.
• Ganyen balsam suna faɗuwa. Wannan na faruwa a yanayin zafi sosai, cikin iska mai zafi, kuma yayin da ƙasa ta bushe.
• Ganyayyaki curl ya faɗi. Rashin ma'adanai, danshi mai ƙasa sosai.
• Bar barzashi. Irin wannan matsalar tana haifar da dorewa a cikin inuwa, ko bayyanar cututtukan kwari.
• Balsam baya yin fure ko baya fure sosai. Yana faruwa ne sakamakon karancin abinci mai gina jiki ko kuma yin amfani da miya mai narkewa a jiki, yana haifar da ƙoshin ganye.

Karin kwari na balsam sune gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, kwari kwari, thrips, da aphids da whiteflies suma sun zama ruwan dare.

Iri da nau'ikan balsam na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Wire's balsam, ko rashin haƙuri na Waller, ko kuma balsam ɗin Waller, "touchy", "Roly-wet", "haske", "fuchsia ruwa", (impatiens hostii, impatiens walleriana, impatiens sultanii) - duk waɗannan sune sunayen tsirrai ɗaya, wanda shine tushen babban jerin hybrids. Ana nuna wannan nau'in da fure mai tsayi da yawan gaske, inflorescences axillary tare da furanni biyar, kyawawan ganye-toothed 12 cm tsayi.

Mashahuri iri-iri da kuma kungiyoyin masu kiran mai kara

Balsamine Series 'Accent F1'. Plantsan ƙananan tsire-tsire masu tsayi na 15-20 cm, tare da manyan furanni masu launuka iri-iri.

Balsamine Series 'Tempo F1 Hybrid'. Tsawon tsararren tsiro ya bambanta daga 20 zuwa 25 cm. An san shi da farkon ciyayi tare da furanni ruwan hoda da ruwan hoda.

Balsamine Series 'Stardust F, Mixed'. Yana da inflorescences na arziki mai launi tare da petals edged a gefuna tare da cikakken ja, ruwan hoda ko murjani mai launi.

Balsamine Series 'Bruno F1'. Farkon fure mai fure tare da jerin chromosomes. An bambanta iri-iri ta hanyar juriya ga canje-canjen zafin jiki, fure mafi girma tare da diamita na 6 cm, farkon ƙwaya.

Balsamine Series 'Gobarar'. Shuka itace ingantacciya, daji mai yalwar furanni tare da furanni masu launin shunayya, da mulufi, inuwa mai ruwan peach, suna ɓoye ciyawar.

Balsamine Series 'Fiesta F1'. Yana fasali mai tsari sosai, da kuma launi mai launi iri biyu ko furanni ruwan hoda mai launi biyu.

Sabuwar Guinea Balsam itace ganyayyaki balsam tare da kara girma na 30 cm da fure guda tare da nisan mitoci 7-8 wanda yake da dumin yanayi.

Shahararrun nau'ikan Sabuwar Guinean Balsam

Balsam jerin 'Java'. Ya na inflorescences mai haske "na wurare masu zafi" launi a cikin firam na kore kore foliage.

Balsam jerin 'Jangle Rain'. Yana samar da furanni masu launuka masu kyau na pastel.

Balsam jerin '' Abincin Rainforest '. Abun launuka biyu-iri iri tare da ciyayi mai duhu.