Hamedorea

A cikin tarin tsirrai na cikin gida, tabbas tabbas za a sami irin wannan dabino kamar Chamedorrhoea (Chamaedorea). Yana da fure perennial shuka daga cikin gidan Dabino, lambobi kimanin 130. Theasar haihuwar Hamedorea shine wurare masu zafi a Gabashin Afrika, Amurka ta Tsakiya, Madagascar. Yawancin nau'in wannan shuka a cikin daji ana samun su a cikin Crimea, Caucasus, kudancin Turai.

Mafi yawancin nau'ikan shrub na wannan dabino, amma har yanzu akwai chamberorea lianas da tsire-tsire tare da guda ɗaya. An nuna shi ta hanyar jinkirin girma - kawai ganye 1-2 matasa suna bayyana a kowace shekara.

Tsirrai na maza da na mata sun bambanta da furanni - a cikin namiji suna da launin ja da rawaya, waɗanda aka tattara cikin inflorescences, yayin da a cikin orange orange da launuka masu haske masu haske basu da aure.

Tabbatar duba irin kwarin dabbobin zuwa Liviston da Fortune trachicarpus.

M Properties na Hamedorea

Itace dabino mai kwalliya yana da kyawawan kaddarorin - yana da maras tabbas. A takaice dai, shuka yana da ikon tsaftace iska a cikin dakin, haka kuma yana kawar da ƙone-haɗe masu cutarwa, alal misali, benzene, ammonia, formaldehyde da sauran abubuwa masu canzawa.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Kamar kowane tsirrai, chamedorrhea a gida yana buƙatar wasu yanayi na kulawa da kulawa. Ka'idojin asali don manyan itacen dabino na girma:

Hamedorea: kulawar gida. Daki-daki

Don dabino ya yi girma sosai, ya zama dole don samar da kulawa ta dace don chamedorea a cikin ɗaki ko gida. Yi la'akari da siffofin girma wannan shuka.

Gudun ruwa

Tasirin wannan dabino shine cewa yayi fure daga shekara ta 3. Idan kuka dasa tsirrai da yawa a cikin tukunya, za su yi fure kuma a tsawon shekara. M furanni masu rawaya tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi mai kama da mimosa.

A cikin matasa tsire-tsire, ana bada shawara don cire farjin, saboda tsire-tsire yana ciyar da makamashi mai yawa kuma zai girma da talauci. Takin taki zai gyara lamarin.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Musamman yana maida hankali ga yanayin zafi mai zafi, don haka a lokacin rani ya kamata ku bar iska ta shiga daki. A cikin hunturu, shuka ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ɗaki tare da zazzabi a cikin kewayon 12-18 ° C, ban da daskararre da hypothermia. Amma ko da a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, shuka yana da ikon tsira.

Fesa

Matsakaicin zafi ga dabino kusan 50%. Girma shuka a gida, ana bada shawara a fesa shi sau ɗaya a rana tare da ruwan tsaye. Wasu majinyata sun ce ana iya yayyafa dabino kamar sau biyu a mako, kuma a cikin hunturu sau daya kaɗai ke fesawa a mako.

Amma koda ba a yafa shuka ba, ba zai dakatar da girma ba, amma, da alama lalacewa ta hanyar gizo-gizo mite ke ƙaruwa.

Haske

Dankin yana dauke da ɗayan tsirrai masu haƙuri. An fi sanya tukunyar dabino kusa da taga gabas. Wannan kyakkyawan shimfidar wuri ne wanda babu hasken rana sosai. Tare da wuce haddi da hasken wuta, ganye na dabino na iya zama ja, kuma shuka da kanta zata yi rauni.

Tsafta

Don kiyaye ganyen cikin tsafta, kuna buƙatar shirya ruwan shayi don dabino. Idan shuka ya yi girma, ana shafa shi a hankali.

Watse

Wannan shuka yakamata a shayar dashi sosai a lokacin bazara, yana hana ƙasa bushewa a cikin tukunyar. Chamedorrhea na gida yana buƙata akan danshi na ƙasa, saboda haka ana shayar da shi sau 2-3 a mako. Ya kamata a tuna cewa ambaliyar ruwan dabino na da lahani.

A cikin hunturu, ana rage yawan ruwa zuwa sau 1 a mako, wanda zai guji tushen lalata.

Wiwi

Babu wani bambanci ra'ayi game da zaɓin tukunyar: wasu sun bada shawarar maye gurbin itacen dabino a cikin akwati mai fadi, wasu kuma sun yarda cewa tukunyar yakamata ta ɓaci, saboda haka kuna buƙatar dasawa a cikin akwati tare da diamita mafi girma.

Kasar

A matsayin ɓangare na substrate, sassa 3 daga ciki ƙasa ce mai ƙasa, wanda ke da babban yawa. 1 ana hada ƙasa, takardar yashi da peat a ciki. Acidity na ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance cikin kewayon 5-6.5.

Daga cakuda ƙasa da aka gama ana bada shawara don amfani da "Palm", yana ƙara ɗan yashi.

Taki da taki

A lokacin bazara, ana basu abinci tare da takin zamani (alal misali, "Agricola") a kowane mako na 2-4. Kayan pre-miya kawai ake narkar da su da ruwa. A cikin hunturu, ba kwa buƙatar ciyar da dabino.

Juyawa

Ya kamata a sake dasa ƙananan tsire-tsire a cikin kowace shekara a cikin tukunya mafi girma. Ana aiwatar da jujjuyawar Hamedorea da tsufa lokacin da tushen ya zama a bayyane daga rami a cikin tukunya. Wannan shine, ana aiwatar da aikin kamar sau ɗaya a cikin kowane shekaru 4-5. Tunda babban dabino na dabino yana da wahalar dasawa, zaka iya sabunta saman ne kawai, tare da maye gurbinsa da sabbin dabbobin.

Kirkirar Hamedorea

Idan manyan kayan kwalliyar launin ruwan kasa sun bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, ya kamata a yanke irin wannan harbe. Hakanan, kuna buƙatar cire ganye mai bushe da launin rawaya, ragewa zuwa nama mai rai. Ana yin dusar ƙwaya da almakashi mai kaifi, bayan da an bi da su da giya. Cututtukan yankan suna da maganin kashe-kashe.

Wasu lambu suna ba da shawarar cire shinge a cikin ƙananan tsirrai don dabino ya girma da kyau.

Lokacin hutawa

Babban dokar kulawa da dabino lokacin hutawa shine rashin suturar miya, da yawan ruwa, da rage zafin jiki. Fesa da shuka a cikin hunturu da wuya.

Noma

An zaɓi tsaba masu kyau don shuka, tunda adadin su yana raguwa da kashi 10% a kowane wata. Wato, kwanan lokacin yin shuka bai kamata ya wuce watanni 10 ba. Idan bishiyar dabino ta halittun biyu suka girma a gidan, zaka iya fitar da furanni da hannu ka sami tsaba.

Tsaba kafin a dasa shuki na tsawon kwanaki 5-6, tunda cire a baya fayil ɗin da wuya harsashi da fayil ko niƙa. Kowane iri ya kamata a shuka tare da sawn part ƙasa a cikin wani daban kofin wanda a cikin peat-sand cakuda an zuba.

Ba lallai ba ne don yayyafa iri tare da ƙasa, an sanya gilashin a cikin greenhouse don tabbatar da tasirin kore. Lokaci-lokaci tsari matsakaici, moisten kasar gona. A cikin watanni 2, tsirrai daga tsaba gida za su bayyana, kuma daga tsaba da aka saya a cikin watanni 6-8. Lokacin da ganye ke tsiro zuwa 4 cm, ana iya dasa shukar seedlings.

Kiwo Chamedorea

A lokacin bazara, ana cire daji daga bishiyar dabino da ke girma daga tukunya, kuma an cire dunƙule dunƙule a ƙarƙashin kogin ruwa. Bayan wannan, an raba daji zuwa sassa da yawa don kowane ɗayan yana da kyakkyawan yanayin harbi da kyakkyawan tsarin tushe.

Rarrabe bushes ana shuka su ne a cikin tukwane dabam. A cikin kusan wata guda, sababbin tsire-tsire suna daidaitawa kuma suna fara girma.

Cutar da kwari

Lokacin girma, za'a iya samun wasu matsaloli:

• Dry ganye Hamedorei alama ce ta bushe iska. Wajibi ne a tura dakin dakin a kai a kai, a watsa dabino.
• Bar juya launin rawaya - karin wuce haddi ko ban ruwa tare da ruwa mai wahala. Ya kamata a sake sarrafa shuka a wani wuri mai duhu kuma amfani da ruwa mai laushi.
• Wither, mutu, rot ganye - yawanci wannan yana faruwa a cikin hunturu saboda karkatar da tushen dabino. Dalilin wannan shine wuce gona da iri na shuka. Don gyara halin, kuna buƙatar rage mita da ofarar ban ruwa, sassauta ƙasa. Kuna iya yin juyawa ta hanyar yanke tushen lalatattu, kuma ƙara magudanar ruwa, abubuwanda ke riƙe da ruwa (sphagnum ko ci) zuwa ƙasa.
• Brown spots a cikin ganyayyaki - Alamar yawan shan dabino ko kuma shan ruwa mai tsauri. Wajibi ne a datsa ganyayyaki da suka lalace, rage ruwa, amfani da ruwa mai laushi.
• Fade da duhu ganye - Sakamakon tabbatarwa a ƙarancin zafin jiki. Wajibi ne don canja wurin shuka zuwa dakin dumama.
• Leavesan ganye ya faɗi - Wannan tsari ne na al'ada don ganyen dabino masu hade da shekaru. Irin wannan ganyayyaki an datsa kuma a yanka.
• Kayan gado kamar auduga-ganye akan ganye - Wannan alama ce ta bayyanar wani mealybug akan tsirrai. Ana buƙatar magani na daji tare da maganin kwari.

Karin kwari da za su iya kai hari: mealybug, gizo-gizo gizo, scab.

Iri hamedorea na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Mafi yawan nau'ikan sune:

Al'adar alhamdiya (Chamaedorea elegans)

Wannan itace tsararren itace guda-biyu mai tsayi har zuwa mita 1.5-2. A kan akwati mai santsi, ganyayyaki 6-7 na cirrus suka hau. Kowane ganye ya kasu kashi 8-15 duhu kunkuntar-lanceolate sassan. Inflorescence - sako-sako da panicles na kunnuwa, wanda aka kafa ta orange-ja furanni. Bayan fure, black berries form.

Hamedorea Ernesti-Agusta (Chamaedorea Ernesti-Augusti)

Wannan nau'in yana da ganye mai duhu kore, bashi da rarrabuwa. An bambanta ganyen ta babban farantin, wanda wasu lokuta ana rarraba shi a ƙarshen zuwa kashi biyu. Girma a hankali. Siffar shuka ita ce tushe - tushe ɗaya yana girma daga rhizome ɗaya. Blooms a ja mai sihiri furanni tattara a sprawling inflorescences.

Hamedorea high (Chamaedorea Elatior)

The mai tushe ne high kafa, a waje yi kama bamboo mai tushe. Bayan murfin ƙasa ya faɗi, zoben wuta ya zauna akan tushe. An saman saman tushe tare da launin shuɗi 4 na duhu kore na siffar feathery-dissected. A cikin kunkuntar lanceolate lobes, an nuna gefen. Yana fure tare da furanni mai haske mai haske waɗanda aka tattara a cikin panicles.

Chamedorea launuka iri-iri (Latin Chamaedorea Concolor)

Mafificin kallo. Otsan buɗe ido suna girma a hankali, ba su fi tsayin mita 1 ba. Siffar shuka ita ce daji saboda samuwar harbe-harbe masu bakin ciki da yawa. A saman harbi, kore kore ganye na cirrus suna dissected. Fitar ruwa a cikin wannan nau'in yana faruwa da sauri - inflorescences panicle na launin shuɗi ya bayyana akan tsire-tsire matasa.

Karfe Hamedorea (lat. Chamaedorea Metallica)

Ana bambanta wannan nau'in ta launi na ganye - suna da duhu kore tare da tint ƙarfe. Ganyen tsiro yana ci gaba sosai. A tsawon lokaci, gangar jikin za ta zama kamar layi, kauri. Tsirren tsiro har zuwa mita 2 (a gida yayi girma ƙasa). Shade m shuka.