Tillandsia - kulawa ta gida, hoto

Tillandsia(Tillandsia) - fure mai fure samun tsari na asali da canza launi mai ban sha'awa. Harshen tsirrai na ganyayyaki daga dangin Bromeliad, wanda aka sanya wa suna sunan malamin Sweden E. Tillands - mahaliccin lambun Botanical a Jami'ar Helsinki. Ana samo shi cikin yanayi a cikin tsaunuka da gandun daji na Kudancin Amurka. Yana zaune a gida kusan shekara biyar.

Yana girma a hankali, yana kaiwa 0.3 - 0.6 m. Tillandsia fure daga farkon kaka zuwa Janairu tare da furanni masu haske mai duhu waɗanda ke kewaye da faffadan lebur waɗanda suke kama da kunne na rasberi ko launi mai wuta. Itace tsayi (har zuwa 30 cm) ana fentin surar kore ko launin toka. Daskararren tsire don florarium.

A amfani Properties na tillandsia

Tillandsia ta tattara makamashi a kanta, yana zuwa daga yanayin waje (mutane, abubuwa), haɓaka shi, da karimci ya rarraba kyawawan halaye yayin fure. Directedarfin fure an miƙa shi daga tushen zuwa tushe; kewaye ganye da furanni tare da karkacewar da ba a gani, tana shimfidawa kewaye da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi da ke gudana.

Kusa da shi akwai ƙarfin ƙaruwa. Furen yana da babbar fa'ida ta hanyar tsaftace iska da shan amo a cikin dakin. A cikin ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka, ana saka kayan daki daga ganye mai wuya, kuma matattun gado da katifa suna cushe tare da su.

Kulawar gida na Tillandsia (a takaice)

Tillandsia a gida Yana buƙatar kulawa da ka'idodi na kulawa:

Akwai fasalolin girma tillandsia. Tillandsia na iya yin girma a cikin ƙasa, kuma yana iya zama jigilar yara kuma a haɗe zuwa kututturen bishiyoyi, kankara da sauran tallafi. Zaku iya girma fure akan gungum, tunda kuka yanke rami a ciki. An saka fure a cikin ramin, Tushen da aka rufe da sphagnum. A cikin hunturu, shuka yana da lokacin hutawa a cikin ɗaki mai laima. A wannan lokacin, ana iya sanya shi a cikin florarium.

Kulawar gida Tillandsia

Furen Tillandsia a gida baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, har ma da novice iya girma da shi. Amma don ƙirƙirar yanayin da ake buƙata don tillandsia - tsire-tsire masu zafi - don jin dadi, yana da mahimmanci.

Tillandsia fure

Tillandsia a gida tsintsiya daga farkon Satumba zuwa Janairu. Fulawa da wani tsiro mai ban sha'awa shine gani mai ban sha'awa. Sama da rosette na saukar da kore ganye ganye tashi bracts fentin a cikin rasberi (Orange, haske ja) launi. Suna samar da lebur inflorescences, mai kama da babban girma-jere biyu.

A lokaci guda, furanni 1 zuwa 2 masu haske (violet) furanni na iya yin fure. Bayan furanni na ƙarshe ya ƙare, peduncle ya riƙe sakamako na ado na ɗan lokaci. A kan shuka, har zuwa 8 harbe aka kafa. Nan gaba idan suka yi fure.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Home tillandsia yana matukar son dumi. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a lura da tsarin zafin jiki. A cikin hunturu, yawan zafin jiki na cikin gida kada ya zama ƙasa da + 17 ° C, kuma a lokacin rani - daga + 22 - 29 ° C. A dare, zazzabi ya kamata ya zama ƙasa kaɗan fiye da lokacin rana, amma ya kamata a guji canje-canje kwatsam. A lokacin dumi, ana iya ɗaukar fure a waje.

Tillandsia bai yarda da zane-zane ba, saboda haka kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da ba su ba.

Fesa

Don tillandsia don haɓaka daidai, kulawar gida na buƙatar kula da iska a cikin kewayon 60 - 87%. Ana aiwatar da feshin ganyayen yau da kullun da ruwa mai tsafta.. Ruwa bai kamata ya fada akan inflorescences da furanni ba, in ba haka ba zasu rasa kyan gani

. Ya kamata a adana ruwa a cikin kayan fita. An rufe ƙasa da rigar ciyawa. A cikin hunturu, ana iya sanya shuka a cikin karamin-greenhouse - florarium, inda za'a samar da mafi kyawun zafi.

Haske

Tillandsia tana jin daɗi a gida a cikin wuri mai duhu, musamman ma a lokutan zafi, duk da cewa tana son haske .. A kan taga da ke fuskantar gabas ko gefen arewa, har ƙasa tana da kwanciyar hankali. A cikin kaka da hunturu, furen yana buƙatar ƙarin haske, saboda haka an canza shi zuwa yamma ko kudu maso gabas. Mafi fĩfĩta ga shuka ne yadawa lighting.

Watse

A lokacin rani, ana buƙatar yawan ruwa a kowane kwanaki 7 a ƙarƙashin tushe. A cikin hunturu, ana shayar da ruwan'landar ƙasa 'a duk lokacin da ruwan sama yake fita.

Idan akwai ruwa a cikin mafita, ba zaku iya shayar da ƙasa ba. Don ban ruwa kai ruwa ruwa a zazzabi. Sphagnum an sanya shi a ƙasa don kula da danshi.

Tsarin Tillandsia

Ilasa don tillandsia ya zama haske da hatsi. Kuna iya shirya cakuda ƙasa da kanka ta ƙara peat, sphagnum da yashi da yankakken gawayi ga ƙasa mai gonar. Tillandsia a gida na iya girma da kyau a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya don orchids, ana iya siyan ta a cikin shago. Magudanar ruwa yakamata tayi kyau, aƙalla 1/3 na yawan tukunyar.

Taki da taki

Ciyar da takin ƙasa suna da mahimmanci don haɓakar al'ada da adana bayyanar ado na fure. Tillandsia yana buƙatar fesa ganye tare da takin zamani mai sau biyu (zaku iya zuba maganin a cikin soket). An ciyar dasu kowane mako 2 zuwa 3 daga bazara zuwa kaka.

Kuna iya amfani da taki na ruwa don orchids. Cakuda takin gargajiya Kwayoyin halitta (jiko na mullein, humus) ba a amfani da su kwata-kwata. Idan tillandsia yayi girma a kan haushi, to, itace, a hankali bazu, yana samar da fure mai amfani. Tushen kayan miya ba: wannan na iya cutar da tsarin tushen tsiro mai rauni.

Juyin Tillandsia

Idan har tillandsia ta saya a shagon fure, dole ne mutum ya jira ƙarshen aiwatar da: bayan fure, tsiron ya mutu, ba shi da ma'ana a dasa shi. Lokaci na gaba da aka dasa shuka lokacin rabuwa da yara ko don samun kwanciyar hankali na fure a ƙasa.

Juyin Tillandsia a cikin akwati na dindindin ana yin shi ba tare da zurfi ba. An zaɓi tukunya mara matuƙar, amma akwai sarari. A makon farko furen yana girgiza kuma ba a shayar ba. Canza furanni ana bada shawarar kowane shekara 3.

Mai jan tsami

Cropping - muhimmin bangare na kula da tsirrai da yawa. Tillandsia tana da ƙarancin girma da kuma lokacin girma. Karamin tsire-tsire ba ya samar da isan ihu da harbe-harbe. Cokali mai zaƙi ne kawai za a iya yanka. Bayan wannan, tsire-tsire mai girma zai mutu, amma ƙananan kwasfa na matasa za su kasance, wanda suke ci gaba da kulawa.

Mabudin kulawa shine ɗayan dalilan tillandsia ke zama ƙara ƙirar gidan gida.

Tillandsia kiwo

Ana samun yaduwar Tillandsia ta hanyoyi guda biyu - tsaba ko jariran.

Sake haifuwa ta yara

Sake haifuwa ta yara - Mashahurin zaɓi don samun sabon misalin shuka. Yara (ƙananan hanyoyin tafiyar matakai) an kafa su a lokacin fure na tillandsia.

• Bayan fure, don adana tsire-tsire na mahaifa, an raba rassa a kai, har ya kai 7-10 cm kuma yana kafa tushen sa.
• Wuraren rabuwa na tsire-tsire ana ci tare da ciwan kwalba.
• An dasa jariri a cakuda yashi da peat, an ɗauka a daidai sassan.
• Ruwa da barin har sai da kafe, kuma bayan watanni 3 transeded zuwa m wuri.
• Shekaru biyu bayan haka ko kuma daga baya, tillandsia zata yi fure.
• Idan fure yana da harbi 1, an barshi cikin tukunya, kuma an cire ciyawar da ta bushe. Epiphytes suna da sauƙin sauƙaƙe: sun kasu kashi biyu, waɗanda tushensu ya rufe da daskararre gansakuka kuma an saka shi cikin tallafi.

Girma Tillandsia daga Tsaba

Tsarin iri mai sauqiqa ma.

• An zuba cakuda yashi a cikin kwandon.
• Ana sanya tsaba a cikin tsagi na bushewa (yayyafa da ƙasa kuma baya buƙatar binnewa).
• Rufe tare da tsare kuma barin don yin saƙar a cikin wurin dumi (kamar + 25 ° C).
• An cire fim ɗin don ban ruwa da iska na seedlings.
• Bayan wata daya, harbe zai bayyana, lokacin da ganye 3 suka bayyana, ana shuka su. Bayan shekaru 5, shuka zai yi fure.

Yankin Tillandsia yana da sauƙi, amma zaɓi zaɓi na farko, da sauri zaka iya ganin shukar fure.

Cutar da kwari

Wani lokacin matsaloli suna faruwa lokacin girma tsirolandia: cututtuka da kwari suna kai hari ga fure:

• ganyayyaki na garinlandland sun zama masu laushi da naushi - low zazzabi (sake shirya a cikin wurin dumi);
• da ke juya tushen tillandsia - waterlogging na kasar gona (rage ruwa);
• tillandsia baya kirkiri sabbin hanyoyin fita -Lowan abubuwan gina jiki (sabunta ƙasa, abinci);
• aibi da launin toka akan ganyen tsilandon - cututtukan fungal (fesa ganye tare da maganin kashe-kashe, rufe ƙasa);
• da ganyayyaki na ganye juya launin ruwan kasa - ba da ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsafta (shayar da ruwa mai tsafta);
• ganye ya zama launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa - Tushen rot saboda waterlogging (inji ya mutu);
• ganye mutu a kashe - tsarin ilimin halittar jiki;
• jinkirin girma na daji in babu ɓarna - karamin haske (sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske);
• furanni sun yi fari fat -zarin haske (pritenit);
• asarar turgor da kuma ganyayyaki na ganye - bambancin zafin jiki mai kaifi;
• rubabbun labaran takarda - ban ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsauri (ɗaukar ruwa wanda aka barshi yana tsaye da kuma tacewa a zazzabi ɗakin);
• launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye - kunar rana a jiki (fure pritenit);
• ganye - bambance-bambance a cikin haske ko zazzabi, Tushen tushen;
• bar karkatarwa, alagammana, mutu - rashin danshi.

Ya raunana tillandsia kwari na iya shafar su: fararen fata, kwari masu kwari, mealybug. Yin maganin ganyayyaki tare da fungicide bayan shafewa da ruwa mai soapy zai cece su.

Nau'in Tillandsia gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Daga cikin nau'ikan 400 na tillandsia, 'yan kaɗan ne ke girma a gida.

Tillandsia shuɗi

Ganyen yana da launin kore, launin shuɗi-baki a gindi. Isar da 0, 3 m. Bloom a lokacin rani. Inflorescence ne mai yawa karu. Bracts suna ruwan hoda. Furanni masu shuɗi masu launin shuɗi tare da gefansu, fara daga saman.

Kasar Tillandsia Anita

Matsakaicin launuka suna dogara ne da shuɗi. Scaly kore ya fita tare da launin toka-toka da kuma gefen gefuna suna haifar da jinkiri. A cikin cibiyarta, a kan gajeriyar zangon, furanni shuɗi mai haske mai haske ya kewaya da geffan ruwan hoda. Ba shi da tushe, yana samun danshi daga iska, da abinci mai gina jiki - godiya ga rana.

Tillandsia ba ta canzawa ba

Epiphytic iri-iri. Filin silifa yana fita tare da tsawon 5 - 100 cm cascade ƙasa. Mashahurin sunan shine "Tsohon Gemu". Cikakkun furanni masu launi mara iyaka. Yana fure a lokacin rani.

Tillandsia tricolor

Ganyen tsiro na ganye kore mai tsawon 20 cm an rufe shi da Sikeli. A cikin ɗimbin daskararren su - 1 ko fiye da tsallakewar tsaye. An zane zanen fata mai launin fata a hade tare da kore, rawaya, sautunan launin ja. Furen fure mai shunayya yana girma akan dogo mai tsayi (7 cm). Yana fure a lokacin rani.

Tillandsia wani tsiro ne mai matukar ban sha'awa. Yana kawo iri-iri zuwa ciki, ya jaddada fasalin sa. Sauƙaƙan kula da fure ya sa ya zama sananne a tsakanin masu lambu.