Shuke-shuke

Thespezia - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto

Itacen tsire-tsire na Thespesia memba ne na iyali Malvaceae ko Hibiscus. Ana samun shi sau da yawa a cikin tarin lambu. Wurin haifuwa na tespezia shine India, Hawaii, kusan dukkanin tsibiran a Kudancin Pacific. A tsawon lokaci, wannan tsiron ya bazu zuwa tsibiran Caribbean, nahiyar Afirka, kuma nau'ikan halittunta guda biyu sun girma a China.

Daga cikin nau'ikan 17 da ake da su a cikin ciyawar cikin gida, kawai ana amfani da Sumatra thespezia. Wannan nau'i ne na bishiyoyi na perennial, suna girma zuwa 1.2-1.5 m ba ga tsawo. Shrub girma girma. Thespezia yana yin furanni masu launin kararrawa a duk shekara. Shekarun fure guda 1-2 ne.

Har ila yau kula da shuka na abutilon.

Matsakaicin girma girma.
Yiwuwar fure a duk shekara.
Matsakaicin wahalar girma.
Perennial shuka.

M kaddarorin masu amfani da tespezia

An dade ana amfani da shuka don dalilai na magani. Decoctions da tinctures daga haushi ko ganye faranti taimaka tare da cututtuka na ido, sun bi da bakin kogon, fatar jiki. Wadannan wakilai suna da antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti-mai kumburi da immunomodulating kaddarorin.

A cikin manyan nau'ikan tespezia, itace yana da kyawawan launuka masu launin shuɗi, saboda wanda masu fasaha ke amfani da wannan kayan don ƙirƙirar sana'arsu da kayan adonsu.

Thesesia: kulawar gida. A takaice

Idan kayi girma tespezia a gida, zaka iya sa fure mai girma da aiki mai aiki, ƙarƙashin wasu ka'idoji na kulawa.

Yanayin Zazzabi+ 20-26˚С a lokacin bazara da + 18-26 зимойС a cikin hunturu, yana jiyar da gajeren lokacin sanyi zuwa +2 ˚С.
Jin zafiBabban zafi, maimaitawa mai taushi tare da ruwa mai laushi.
HaskeAna buƙatar hasken haske, ƙarƙashin haskoki kai tsaye rana tana awoyi da yawa.
WatseIsasa tana da daɗi, ba tare da ambaliya ba. A cikin hunturu, ana rage yawan ruwa.
Ilasa don tespeziaYasan yashi mai kyau. pH 6-7.4.
Taki da takiAna amfani da takin gargajiya sau ɗaya a wata.
Canjin TespeziaHar zuwa shekaru 5, ana dasa tsiron a shekara, mafi tsufa - kowane shekaru 2-3.
KiwoSemi-lignified kara itace, tsaba.
Siffofin GirmaAikewa da datsa ana buƙata.

Thesesia: kulawa gida (daki daki)

Don fure mai fure da haɓaka, kulawar gida don tespezia ya kamata ya dace.

Hawan tespezia

Fulawa a cikin tespezia yana ci gaba cikin shekara. Kowane fure yana kwana ɗaya ko biyu, yana canza launin launinsa kuma yana faɗuwa. A kan shuka ɗaya, furanni suna da yawa.

Yanayin Zazzabi

A lokacin rani, zazzabi yana cikin kewayon 18-26 ° C, kuma a lokacin hutawa lokacin dakin bai kamata yayi sanyi sama da 18 ° C ba. Thespezia a gida yana iya tsayayya da rage zafin jiki zuwa ga + 2 ° C.

Fesa

Don feshin tespezia, ana amfani da ruwa mai laushi a zazzabi a daki. Ana yin yaduwa sau 2-3 a mako, wanda zai taimaka ci gaba da ingantaccen yanayi don tsiro mai zafi.

Haske

Maganin gida yana mafi kyau ne akan taga kudu maso yamma. Hakanan, shuka yana buƙatar haske mai haske, tsawon sa'o'i ana sanya shi ƙarƙashin haskoki kai tsaye na rana.

Idan tukunya tare da daji yana kan taga kudu, ana bada shawara ga ɗan inuwa kaɗan.

Watse

Don tespezia, ƙasa mai laushi takan zama dole, amma ba tare da magudin ruwa ba. A lokacin rani, ana yin amfani da ruwa tare da ruwan dumi tare da adadin kwanaki 3-4. A cikin hunturu, tsire-tsire na tespezia yana hutawa a gida, saboda haka ana shayar da shi sau da yawa, tabbatar da cewa ƙamarar da take da ita ba ta bushewa.

Wiwi of tespezia

Kowace shekara, yayin dasawa, ya kamata a canza tukunya don maganin tespezia har sai shuka ya kai shekara 6. Dole tukunya ta kasance tana da ramuka na magudanar ruwa domin magudanar ruwa.

Sabon tukunya ya fi girma 2 cm fiye da na baya.

Kasar

Idan kayi girma tespezia a gida, dole ne ka zabi kasar da ta dace dashi. Ya kamata yashi, yalwataccen ruwa. Ana ƙara Perlite tare da peat ko yashi zuwa ƙasar da aka saya. pH na kasar gona shine 6-7.4.

Taki da taki

Don tespezia, ya fi dacewa a tsarke takin gargajiya, wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin lokacin girma (Afrilu-Oktoba). Kuna buƙatar ciyar da shuka kowane mako 3-4, aiwatar da hanya da safe.

Juyawa

Kowace shekara a cikin bazara, ana aiwatar da juzu'in thespecia, wanda shekarunsa ya kai shekaru 6. Ana dasa bishiyoyin tsufa a kowane shekaru 3-4. Dole ne a shimfiɗa murfin matatun ruwa (ƙwanƙolin kogin, yumɓu da aka ƙera, shards, da sauransu) a gindin tukunyar. Wannan zai kare tushen daga lalata.

Mai jan tsami

Thespezia a gida yana buƙatar samuwar kambi. A duk tsawon shekara, kana buƙatar datti ƙananan twigs ɗin matasa kuma a datse harbe-da ke cikin elongated.

Lokacin hutawa

Daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris, thespezia yana hutawa. A wannan lokacin, an rage yawan ruwa, yawan zafin jiki na iska ya ragu zuwa 18 ° C, an cire abinci.

Girma tespezia daga tsaba

Dole ne a hankali a buɗe tsaba a hankali ba tare da lalata cikin. Don saurin haɓaka germs, ana iya sa tsaba a cikin dare a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi. Ya kamata a shuka ƙwayoyin tespezia a cikin cakuda perlite da peat. An binne zuriyar a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin biyu na zurfinsa. A cikin makonni 2-4, 'yan adam za su bayyana.

Yaduwa da tespezia ta yanke

A lokacin bazara, ya kamata a yanke gero sauƙaƙen rabin-tare da tsawon 30 cm daga shuka .. Barin ganyen 3-4 na kan hannun, an cire sauran. Ya kamata a kula da ɓangaren abin riƙewa tare da hormone, bayan wannan ya samo tushe a cikin wani kofi daban, zuba yashi rigar ko cakuda perlite da peat.

An rufe shank din tare da polyethylene kuma an saka shi a cikin inuwa m. Ana kiyaye gandun daji a zazzabi na 22 ° C. A cikin wata guda, kara suna da ingantaccen tsarin tushe.

Cutar da kwari

Rarraba da za su iya tasowa tare da shuka:

  • Ganyen tespesia ya bushe - karancin sinadarai a cikin kasar gona ko karamin tukunya.
  • Ganyen tespezia na shimfidawa - Dalilin rashin hasken mara kyau ne.
  • Tushen lalata - wuce haddi danshi a cikin kasar gona.
  • Gangan hatsi - foci na powdery mildew, fungal cututtuka.

Karin kwari: tespezia ta zama abun kaiwa hari ta wani kwari mai kazamin kwari, gizo-gizo gizo, tarko, fararen fata, kwari masu kwari, aphids.

Iri na cutar sankara

Suwancin Sumatra

Yankin daji na Nogreen, harbe na wanda zai iya yin girma zuwa mita 3-6 a tsayi. Leaf mai kamannin zuciya, mai yawa, yayi nuni a cikin kwararar. Furannin furanni sunyi kama da kofin, launi mai launin shuɗi-orange, canzawa zuwa m. Yawo shekara-shekara.

Kafar harshen Garkian

Ana samo shi ne kawai a cikin yanayi a Afirka ta Kudu. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne edible, da kambi ne da yawa leafy. Ganyen suna da haske kore, ana amfani dasu don ciyar da dabbobi.

Thespecia yana da girma-flowered

Tsarin itace mai siffar itace yana tsiro ne kawai a Puerto Rico. Yana fasali itace mai karfi sosai, yayi girma har zuwa mita 20 a tsayi.

Yanzu karatu:

  • Dieffenbachia a gida, kulawa da haifuwa, hoto
  • Selaginella - girma da kulawa a gida, hoto
  • Scheffler - girma da kulawa a gida, hoto
  • Itacen lemun tsami - girma, kulawa gida, nau'in hoto
  • Chlorophytum - kulawa da haifuwa a gida, nau'in hoto