Heliotrope: nau'ikan, saukarwa, shawarwari na kulawa

Helikofta ta kasance ga dangin Burachnikov. Gida na - Bahar Rum da tsibiri, mayukan ruwa, yankuna mai yanayin Amurka. Gaba ɗaya akwai nau'ikan kusan 300, amma ba duka ake horar dasu ba.

Heliotrope fure, fasali, fa'idodi da cutarwa

Mutanen da aka yiwa lakabi da lakabi: dusar laima, ciyawar Allah. Furen ya samo aikace-aikacen sa a ƙirar shimfidar wurare, magani, masana'antar ƙanshin turare.

Kai 20-60 cm, tare da kafaffen harbe. Emerald ya fita tare da fentin obovate mai launin shuɗi, tare da wadataccen ruwa. Located on taqaitaccen petioles. Su naƙasasshe ne ko marasa kunya.

Furanni na violet ko launin shuɗi mai duhu. Hakanan ana rabasu iri-iri tare da dusar kankara-fari, da shuɗi mai shuɗi. Sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu ƙanshi da mai ƙanshi ke amfani da su a cikin abubuwan haɗin gabobin su. Za'a iya lura da yawo na kimanin makonni 4. Bayan shi, a maimakon inflorescences, 'ya'yan itace ya tashi - coenobium. Lokacin da cikakke, yakan yanke zuwa cikin sassa 4 waɗanda ke ɗauke da tsaba.

Wasu nau'ikan suna da guba kuma suna iya gurgunta tsarin juyayi na tsakiya. Ba a yin girma kamar lambu ko amfanin gona na cikin gida. Ana amfani da sinadarai (cinoglossin, laziokarpin, heliotropin) a madadin magani don warkarwa daga:

• tsutsotsi;
• adenomas na prostate;
• urolithiasis;
• hanawa;
• benign neoplasms;
• bude raunuka;
• warts.

A cikin maganin gargajiya, ba a amfani da wannan kayan aikin ba. Duk wani magani yakamata a yarda da likita don kar a cutar da jiki.

A cikin gidajen katako, fure zai iya girma shekaru. A cikin lambunan suna dasa shi kamar shekara-shekara, saboda ba ya bambanta da tsananin hunturu.

Iri da nau'in heliotropes

Duk da nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu, 3 daga cikinsu kawai ake nomawa:

Girma heliotrope daga tsaba

Dole ne a sayi tsaba a shagunan fure. Masana'antu suna ba da tabbacin ingancin inganci da daraja. Fulawa yana faruwa bayan makonni 12-16.

Lokacin girma daga tsaba da aka tattara daban-daban daga daji, kuna buƙatar shirya cewa yawancinsu ba za su yi toho ba. Shuke-shuke za a tsunduma tare da ƙananan inflorescences. Littattafan za su fara nunawa a watan Agusta.

Yankin shuka iri yadda ya kamata

An shuka helikwaro na shuka akan shuki a ƙarshen hunturu da farkon bazara:

• Haɗa peat da yashi (4: 1).
• Rage cakuda don hana cutar (misali, dumi a cikin tanda).
• Zuba shi a cikin akwati, hatimi.
• Jiƙa tsaba a rana ɗaya a Zircon, azurfa (6 saukad) ko Kornevin.
• Watsa su a farfajiya kuma yayyafa da bakin ciki na ƙasa.
• Rufe tare da gilashin gilashi don ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse kuma saka a cikin zazzabi na + 19 ... +21 ° C.
• Lokacin da farkon harbe suka bayyana, cire tsari kuma sanya seedlings zuwa taga. Dakin ya kamata + 20 ... +22 ° C. Haske mai haske ba lallai ba ne.

Kulawar seedling

Bayan samuwar nau'i biyu na ganye na gaskiya, kuna buƙatar aiwatar da matakai masu zuwa:

• An dasa shi a cikin tukwane daban-daban tare da kewayen 9 cm, cike da cakuda ƙasa ɗaya.
• Ruwa mai yalwa.
• Bayan rabin wata, yi takin gargajiya.

Dasa shuka a cikin ƙasa mara buɗe

Matasa bushes bukatar a temaka. Mako guda kafin saukowa, fita don awanni biyu.

Mafi kyawun lokacin sauka

Matasa bushes ana shuka su ne a cikin bazara, idan dare yayi ƙasa ta daina daskarewa. A tsakiyar Rasha, wannan yana faruwa a watan Mayu.

Zaɓin wurin da kuma shirye-shiryen ƙasa

Don dasa shuki, zaɓi wuri mai cike da hasken wuta, ba tare da tsauraran ruwa ba. Litmus tincture yana haɓaka ƙasa mai gina jiki, tare da babban adadin humus. Kasa ta kasance sako-sako, a dunkule. Idan substrate matalauta, sa humus ko rotted taki a kasa na dasa cikin rami.

Dace dace

Tsakanin ramuka bar 30 cm cm saukowa daga mataki-mataki:

• Sanya humus a rami
• Etare daji tare da dunƙule mai ƙura. Wannan hanyar dasawa zata taimaka wa daskararren daskararren lamiri don wucewa da shi cikin sauri da hanzarta haɓaka.
• Bar tushen wuya a matakin daya.
• Yi amfani da dabino a kan da'irar akwati.
• Zuba ruwa kadan dumi.

Kulawa marassa lafiya daga waje

Dasa kuma kula da fure ba mai wahala ba kamar yadda ake tsammani da farko. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine bin wasu ƙa'idodi, don aiwatar da dukkan ayyuka a kan kari.

Moisturizing

Yawan ruwa mai yawa zai cutar da shi, kamar kuma rashin danshi. Wajibi ne don sarrafa cewa substrate koyaushe yana da danshi, don hana bushewa. Fesa zai taimaka ƙirƙirar yanayi kusa da mazaunin halitta.

Mulching da kwance ƙasa

Kyakkyawan ƙasa na buƙatar ƙasa mai iska. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a yi loosening akai-akai don kada ɓawon burodi mai wuya ya faru.

Za'a iya mulkar kewayen akwati tare da takin ko peat. Godiya ga wannan, ciyawar ciyawa tana girma a hankali, ƙasa tana riƙe da ruwa sosai.

Manyan miya

Kafin fure, ana amfani da takin ma'adinai kowane mako 2 (alal misali, Manufa). Bayan bayyanar buds, an dakatar da saka kayan miya.

Heliotrope tsunkule

Yana da tilas cewa daji ya lush, rike da ado. Cire maɗaukakin haɓaka na sama yana ƙarfafa haɓaka aiki na rassan gefen.

Tsage fure lokacin da ya kai cm 10. Ana yin wannan sama da ganyayyaki 5-6. Itace zai daina girma har sati guda, amma daga baya zai fara haɓaka cikin yanayin haɓaka.

Kulawar shuka na hunturu

Lokacin da daskararru na litmus yake girma a matsayin shekara-shekara, a cikin kaka an lalata bushes. Onasar da suka girma, itace ke haifuwarta kuma ta haƙa.

Idan ka yanke shawara don kiyaye shuka, kuna buƙatar canja shi zuwa ɗakin dumi. An haye daji, an sanya shi a cikin akwati kuma a kawo shi gida har sai daskarewa ta bayyana. Ya kamata haske ya zama mai haske, awanni hasken rana yana tsawaita da fitolamps. Zazzabi a cikin dakin an kiyaye shi da + 16 ... +18 ° C.

Yaushe kuma yadda ake tattara tsaba

Ana girbe tsaba bayan fure kafin faratuna ta hunturu. Tsaba suna shirye don girbi lokacin da inflorescence ya bushe, ƙuna da duhu.

An cire iri a hankali, kamar yadda karami ne kuma mai sauki yada. Tsaba suna ana jerawa, bushe, canjawa zuwa akwatin kwali don ajiya mai zuwa.

Yaduwa da heliotropes ta yanke

An yanke yankan daga Sarauniya-perennials da aka sa a gida a cikin hunturu. Ana aiwatar da ragowa daga ƙarshen Fabrairu zuwa Mayu:

• Yanke yankan tare da nodes 3-4 (wuraren da aka makala na faranti zuwa tushe).
• Cire ganye, ƙarshen harbe don aiwatar tare da Kornevin.
• Shuka cikin kwantena tare da humus da yashi (2: 1).
• Yayyafa da hatsi na yashi, zuba tare da rauni bayani na potassium permanganate.
• Tare da rufewa.
• Kula da yawan zafin jiki + 21 ... +24 ° С.
• Tsaftace tsari yau da kullun don samun iska da ruwa.
• Bayan tushen (bayan makonni 2-3), dasa a cikin tukwane da peat, turf da yashi (4: 2: 1).
• Sanya abubuwan hada ma'adinai.
• Makon farko don kare shi daga haskoki na hasken rana kai tsaye da fesa sau biyu ko sau uku a rana.
• Lokacin da seedlings suka sami ƙarfi, dasa su a kan titi.

Shuka cututtuka da kwari

Kamar kowane fure mai fure, tinmus yana iya kamuwa da kwari da cututtuka: