Violet - kulawar gida, hoto

Violet, Saintpaulia(Saintpaulia) - tsire mai tsire-tsire daga dangin Gesneriaceae. Wurin haifuwar furen shine tsaunukan Uzambar da ke gabashin Afirka. Daga nan ne sunan ta - "uzambar violet". A dabi'a, yana girma a cikin dunƙulen dutse inda tarkace abubuwa na asali. A cikin karni na XIX. An kawo fure zuwa Turai kuma ana kiranta "Saintpaulia" da sunan Baron V. von Saint-Paul - mai binciken sa.

Violet wani shahararren gida ne mai tsayi tare da tsayin 2 zuwa 20 cm da diamita na har zuwa 40 cm. A hankali yana haɓaka sama da shekaru 4, to ana buƙatar farfadowa. Yana blooms duk shekara zagaye. Furanni suna da sifofi da launuka daban-daban. Ganyen ganye mai kauri yana rufe da farin ruwa. Da Aka tattara a cikin soket, sai suka dasa wani bouquet lush na violet da kuma jaddada kyaurta.

M kaddarorin violet

Violet yana da kyau da lafiya. Ana amfani da infusions furanni a cikin maganin jama'a don mashako, atherosclerosis da rheumatism. Ganyayyaki suna dauke da acid acetylsalicylic. Dangane da cire ganyayyaki na violet da furanni, ana iya maganin anti-kumburi, anti-mai kumburi da wakilan tonic. Mahimman mai shine sifa mai mahimmanci na abubuwan ƙamshin turare.

Kula da Violet a gida (a takaice)

Violet shine tsire-tsire marasa fassara, amma wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar yanayin asali don furen ya sami nutsuwa:

Idan an sadu da waɗannan yanayi masu sauƙi, violet zai yi farin ciki na dogon lokaci tare da kyawawan fure.

Kula da violet a gida

Furen fure a gida yana girma na dogon lokaci. Aikin maigirma shine samar mata da kwanciyar hankali da kulawa mai dacewa.

Kayan fure

Violet a gida fure fure mai kyau da kyau. Abubuwa da launuka iri-iri da launuka iri-iri na furanni masu ban mamaki da farin ciki. Simplearanti masu sauƙaƙa biyar masu ƙarancin ƙarfi ba su da ƙima da kyakkyawa da asali zuwa wasan rabin-biyu, ninki biyu har ma da lalata. Launuka daban-daban suna jaddada peculiarity na kowane nau'in.

Furanni na iya zama launuka na bakan gizo da haɗuwarsu. Pink-shuɗi, tsire-tsire masu kwari-burgundy suna kama da sabon abu da kyawawan abubuwa. Tare da isasshen hasken wuta, violet na iya yin fure tsawon shekara guda, ba tare da samun wani lokacin hutawa ba. Amma ya zama dole a hankali a rage fure na violet a lokaci, a bar su su huta na tsawon watanni 2 (a daina ciyarwa, a rage ruwa) domin ya sake samun karfi kuma ya sami karfi.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Don violet don haɓaka daidai, kulawar gida ta ƙunshi lura da tsarin yanayin zafin daidai.

Violet shine tsire-tsire na daskarewa na dindindin: baya jure yanayin zafi a kasa + 18 ° C, amma sama da + 27 ° C an basu juriya sosai, sun ƙi nuna zafi a lokacin zafi. Iyakan mafi kyau a gare su shine daga + 20 - 25 ° C.

Dole ne a kare fure daga daftin da sanyi.

Fesa

Violet bai yarda da ruwa ba akan ganye da furanni: Wannan na iya haifarda mafita ko lalatattun abubuwa. Sabili da haka, an haramta fesa tsire-tsire. Ko da saukad da ruwa na ruwa ba da gangan ba da ruwan jikun a lokacin shayarwa, ya kamata a share su da wuri-wuri tare da takardar takarda.

Ana fesa Violet tare da mafita na musamman kawai idan wasu cututtukan suka shafe shi (suna yin wannan tare da shading, guje wa kunar rana a jiki).

Haske

Violet shine tsire mai inuwa mai haƙuri. Furen yana da kyau a kan windows yana fuskantar yamma da gabas: a can ne yake karɓar adadin haske sosai. Akwai haske mai yawa akan taga ta kudu wanda zai iya ƙona halitta mai taushi. A arewa, akasin haka, akwai ɗan haske. Shuka zai shimfiɗa, ba zai yi fure ba.

Ana iya sauƙaƙe ciyawar ciyawar violet ta hasken wuta. Ta hanyar saita ƙarin wutar lantarki, zaku iya samun kyawawan furanni na fure ko da a cikin kusurwar da ba ta iya ɗauka ba.

Watering violet

Violet na gida yana jin tsoron waterlogging: yana haifar da mutuwar shuka daga tushe, musamman akan ƙasa mai nauyi. Rashin danshi shima cutarwa ne: fure yakan fita barin rayuwa, amma da sauri ya dawo dasu da ruwa bayan ruwa. A lokacin da ake buƙatar danshi mai laushi na gaggawa, furanni ya bushe kuma ya faɗi.

Ana shayar da violet tare da ruwa a zazzabi a cikin ɗaki: a cikin kwanakin zafi - kowane rana ko kowace rana, a wasu lokuta - kimanin kwanaki 3. Bayan haka zaku iya amfani da daskararren ruwa kuma kuyi amfani da igiyar ruwan nylon don kula da ƙasa koyaushe. Zai dace don canzawa zuwa tsarin wick yayin dasa shuka.

Kasa don violet

Tushen tsarin fure yana da taushi da ƙanƙane. Zai iya mutu cikin ƙasa mai nauyi. Breathable, sako-sako da fitila mai haske shine mabuɗin don haɓakar kyakkyawan violet mai ƙoshin lafiya. A shuka fi son acidic ƙasa. Kuna iya siyar da cakudadden fure furen da aka shirya, wanda yake daskararre ko steamed kafin amfani, wanda aka tsinke tare da perlite, vermiculite da sphagnum.

Pouredan ƙaramar gawayi da aka jefa cikin ƙasa domin violet domin kare tushen tsarin daga lalacewa. Ba za ku iya ƙara yashi daga wuraren gini da chernozem da aka yi niyya don gadajen fure ba. Bugun ƙyallen maƙera ko ƙaramar yumbu da aka faɗaɗa don ƙarawa.

Taki da taki

Taki da taki mahimmanci ga violet, dole ne a yi amfani dasu daidai. Babban adadin nitrogen yana hana fure. Violet yana buƙatar takin mai magani na phosphate-potassium. A lokacin haɓaka mai aiki da fure kowane kwana 21 bayan yin ruwa, ana amfani da takin Kemira-Lux.

Yawancin lambu suna ƙin takin, tare da maye gurbinsu tare da turawa masu yawan tsire-tsire: a cikin ƙasa mai tsabta, abubuwan gina jiki suna ƙunshe cikin babban taro kuma za'a cinye su a ko'ina.

Canjin juyi

Ana aiwatar da aikin dasawa na Violet sau 2 a shekara, kafin a fara aikin aiki mai girma. M hankali girgiza kashe wuce haddi ƙasa daga na bakin ciki Tushen, rage su, kuma cire m ganye. Furen da aka sabunta ta wannan hanyar an sanya shi a cikin tukunya, yana ƙoƙarin kada ya sanya ganye da ƙasa. Lokacin da aka zubar da ƙasa, an tabbatar da cewa murfin an rufe shi da kyau: zurfafa zai iya haifar da lalacewar tushe, kuma rashin ƙasa yana hana fure kwanciyar hankali.

Matasa bushes sake girka a cikin sabon tukunya, diamita wanda ya zama 1/3 na girman kanti. Diamita na kwandon don fure mai girma shine 90 - 100 mm, don manyan bushes ya kamata ya fi girma.

Lokacin da ƙananan ganyayyaki suka faɗi kuma gangar jikin tayi girma, sake farfajiya wajibi ne.

Mai jan tsami

Mai jan tsami fi na fure girma da tushen shi ne sanannen hanyar rejuvenating da kuma yada violet. Furen yana iya girma ba tare da bambanci ba, amma tare da taimakon pruning ana ba shi siffar da ake so. Ana amfani da datsa na ƙananan ganye da furanni don sa shuka ya kasance da tsabta kuma ci gabanta ba ya raguwa.

Lokacin hutawa

Harafi furanni marasa gajiya da ganyayyaki ba a jefar da su ba. Lokacin hutawa tana da dangi. Mai kulawa mai kulawa ya kamata ya adana fure kuma, a tsakanin kowane fure, dakatar da motsa shi da kayan miya da rage ruwa.

Lura cikin yanayi mai sauki na tsarewa, zaku iya samun kyakkyawan shuka tare da fure mai kyau da furanni masu haske.

Yaduwa da Violet

Violet yana yadawa ta hanyoyi da yawa. Zaɓin mafi yawan lokaci don samun sabon daji a gida shine yaduwa ta tsaba, yan itace ko kuma matakai don yin sauki sosai.

Yaduwa da ganye ganye

Yaduwa da ganye ganye - Hanya mai sauki kuma mai araha don yada violet.

• Tare da wuka mai kaifi, ana yanke ganye a ɓoye har sai yankin da aka yanke ya isa kan samuwar Tushen iko. Tsawon rikewa yakai 40 mm.
• Wurin da aka yanke an yayyafa shi da foda mai ƙwari kuma a sanya shi a cikin ƙaramin akwati tare da maganin maganin carbon da aka kunna.
• A cikin kusan wata guda, Tushen zai bayyana.
• Ana sanya yankan a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya.
• An zuba kwalliyar ƙwallo don malalewa.
• Ba za ku iya jira don Tushen ya bayyana ba kuma nan da nan dasa plantan itacen da ke sare a ƙasa. An dasa ciyawar Leafy tare da karamin zurfi. Rufe tare da fim kuma barin a + 20 - 23 ° C. An cire fim din don shayarwa da kuma tayar da violet. Lokacin da ganye 2 zuwa 3 suka bayyana, an cire shi.

Yaduwa ta hanyar matakai

Yaduwa ta hanyar matakai kawai zartar da nau'in fure a ciki wanda aka samar da matakai.

• Don ƙarfafa bayyanar matakai, dole ne a cire tushen girma tare da ganye kore.
• Bayan 'yan kwanaki, sai a kirkiri matakai a kirjin.
• Bayan sun jira har sai sun girma zuwa mm 45, sai a rabu da su daga tsirran kuma a kafe a cikin kwandon shara.

Wasu nau'in violet ana yadu dasu ne kawai ta hanyar peduncles. Mahimmin hanyar ita ce a yankan babban ciyawar furannin itace da dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai laushi tare da wahalar shayarwa.

Cutar da kwari

Tare da kulawa da ta dace, violet din yana da ƙarfi kuma yana da ƙoshin lafiya, amma a wasu lokutan kwari ne suka mamaye shi kuma yana shafar cututtuka.

Karin kwari

Sau da yawa cewa farmaki da aka kai hari kwari yace canza fuskarsa:

• fararen auduga-kamar shafi akan violet cuttings - shan kashi da wani mealybug (don gwagwarmaya, ana kula da ganyayyaki tare da maganin soapy tare da fewan saukad da na mashin; infusions na calendula, tafarnuwa ko taba);
• furanni masu saurin bushewa da furanni masu launin shuɗi akan ganye - Hare-hare a California
• dayan ganye na babban kwalaben dutsen yakan tashi kuma tsayi villi ya bayyana akan ganye - shan kashi da kashawar cyclamen (cire sassan fure da aka lalata; ana amfani da kwari don aiki).

Cutar

Na kowa cuta violet ana bayyana ta bayyanar cututtuka:

1. violet baya fure - Tsarin tushen ci gaba, nitrogen wuce haddi, haske kadan.
2. Ya zube akan ganyen violet - yin ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi, daftarin, kunar rana a jiki.
3. Rage ganyen ganye - rashi ko wuce haddi na danshi:

• idan babu danshi sosai, ana shayar da violet kuma an rufe shi da fim don kwanaki 2 zuwa 3;
• wuce haddi na iya haifar da tushen rot, saboda wanda violet zai iya mutuwa. Duba tushen violet, sa su rigar tare da adiko na goge baki. An cire sassan lalatattun abubuwa kuma ana bincika akwati na shuka: idan yana da lafiya, an dasa fitsarin a cikin tukunya, idan ya fara jujjuyawar, sai an sake dasa tushen. Idan Tushen suna da ƙarfi, ana dasa fure a cikin sabuwar ƙasa, an rufe shi da fim kuma ba a shayar da yawa kwana ba.

4. A buds na violet ba su buɗe - iska mai bushe sosai a cikin ɗakin (ana sanya igiyar ruwa na kusa da violet);
5. Leavesanan ganye a tsakiyar zangon masu aikin kwalliya - haske mai tsananin haske ko busasshiyar iska (suna hura fure, suna iya bude kofofin ruwa kusa da shi);
6. Dry gefuna da violet ganye - jamming na kasar gona, rashin ko wuce haddi na wasu abubuwan gina jiki (sake-tushen violet, daidaita miya).
7. Farar farar fata a kan ganyen violet - Powdery mildew lalacewa (ana amfani da fungicides);
8. Rawaya mai launin ja ko ja akan ganye - rashi ko wuce haddi na wasu abubuwan gina jiki; lokacin da tabarau mai launin rawaya yana da siffar zagaye kuma yana gefen gefen taga, suna ba da shawarar kunar rana a jiki (cire ganye mai lalacewa, inuwa ko sake shirya fure).
9. Saintpaulia violet ganye rot saboda dalilai daban-daban:

• yawan danshi ko takin mai magani (cire Tushen lalacewa, rage ruwa, daidaita takin);
• da ilimin halittar ilimin halittar jiki na mutuwa daga ganye (ganye an shafa rot an cire su a cikin lokaci);
• ƙasa da ba a zaɓa ba (ƙara vermiculite, yashi, haɓaka malalewa);
• danshi a cikin ganyayyaki yayin shayarwa (nan da nan rigar da ruwa);
• cututtukan fungal - fusarium ko lalataccen launin toka (lura da yanayin zafin jiki; kada a sanyaya ƙasa; yi amfani da kwari);
• dakin yayi zafi ko sanyi; busassun iska (nemo wurin da yafi dacewa; daidaita zazzabi; yi amfani da gumi).

Yana da sauƙi a hana bayyanar aibobi, yin ɓarna daga tushen da sauran lalacewar violet fiye da bi da shi na dogon lokaci. Don yin wannan, dole ne a samar da kulawa ta dace don furen. A matsayin babban miya, yi amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman domin violet.

Nau'in violet na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin yanayin halitta, akwai kusan nau'ikan violin 20. Iri-iri na masu shayarwa sunada yawa. Sun bambanta da launi na furanni, siffar da bayyanar ganye, amsawa ga yanayin tsarewa. Wasu nau'ikan suna da haushi kuma suna nuna rashin jin daɗi ga mai shi nan da nan, yayin da wasu ke kamewa da haƙuri.

Let Dragon Blue Dragon Blue Dragon Macijin Zuciya / Zuciya

Matsayi na gargajiya. A ganye ne mai launin kore duhu kore (ja a kasa) tare da serrated gefuna. Rosette har zuwa cm 50. Manya (8 cm) furanni biyu tare da bakin bakin murfi na inuwa mai haske. Abubuwan fure suna da shuɗi mai haske, tsakiya da gefuna sunyi duhu. Furen furanni.

Violet Tsakar dare Frolic / Tsakar dare Fun

Ya girma a hankali, fure a cikin 2 - 2, 5 years. Semi-biyu da kuma furanni masu sauƙi na haske plum, lavender, launuka masu launin shuɗi tare da fararen fata mai laushi a cikin kwatance daban-daban. Babban rosette mai santsi na ganye mai duhu.

Letuguwar Tsakar dare / Twist Twist

'Ya'yan furanni biyu masu launin shuɗi-fari mai launin shuɗi tare da bakin duhu mai duhu shuffled bude a hankali, amma ya wuce tsawon lokaci (har zuwa makonni 5). Karamin soket Green ganye tare da scallops a gefuna. Yanayi sannu a hankali haɓaka bayyanar.

Violet Kissing Bandit / Bandit Kiss

Terry ko rabin manyan furanni biyu na shuɗi mai haske. Suna da iyakar bakin duhu da bakin ciki mai bakin ciki a gefuna. Haske duhu kore ganye tare da gajeren lokacin farin ciki petioles. Girma a hankali. Ba Ya son haske mai haske.

Dankalin Karafa Potter / Harry Potter

Ganyen suna da launin kore mai launin kore, sau da yawa suna faɗuwa. Soket din yana da matsakaici kuma mai yawa. Manyan furanni masu launin shuɗi ne masu launin shuɗi tare da launuka masu ruwan hoda da kan iyaka mai santsi da dusar ƙanƙara. A petals ne lokacin farin ciki. Yana dasawa a hankali, amma yana fure tsawon lokaci kuma yalwatacce.

Dandalin Kasuwanci / Cupid

Kayan furanni masu sauƙi ko biyu masu fure tare da ratsin pistachio mai banƙyama da aibobi masu ruwan hoda masu wuya. Furanni akan matattara kanana, amma dayawa. Haske mai haske mai launin shuɗi yana buɗe babban rovyte wavy. Blooms da wuri.

Dychaniye Grozy / Breath of Girma

Manyan furanni masu ruwan fure mai launi ceri-violet tare da farin farin iyaka. Ganyayyaki akan dogayen sanduna suna da launin koren duhu mai duhu da gefen wavy. Kirkiro karamin fita. Yana furewa sau da yawa, amma yana girma a hankali kuma yana haifuwa tare da wahala.

Violet - inji yana da taushi, dole ne a kula da shi da hankali. Duk wani rashin jin daɗi na ciki yana amsa da sauri ta canza bayyanar. Idan furen ya ji daɗin yanayin halitta, zai nuna kansa cikin dukkan ɗaukakarsa.