Platicerium - kulawa ta gida, hoto

Platicerium (Platycerium), tururuwa, ploskorog- fern daga gidan Centipede. Ya kasance ga epiphytes, a cikin yanayin halitta yana girma, kamawa a kan harbe bishiyoyi, duwatsu ko kututtukan itace. Wurin haifuwar platincerium yana cikin yankuna na wurare masu zafi na kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Ana samo shi a cikin yanayi a Ostiraliya da Afirka. Tsarin Fern - 0.25 m, tsawon ganye - har zuwa 0.8 m.

Tasowa a matsakaici matsakaici. A gida, na iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru, kowace shekara ba ta wuce ganye 3 ba. Platicerium ba ya yin fure, amma yana da ban sha'awa ga manyan ganyayyaki masu ban mamaki da ke kama da barewa. Sunan Tushen ya koma zuwa tushen Girkawa na platus - "lebur" da keras - "ƙaho".

M kaddarorin da platicerium

Platincerium yana tsaftace iska a cikin ɗakin, yana daidaita lahanin cutarwa na sinadarin gasaous - propane, methane, butane, ethane (da yawa daga cikinsu suna shiga ɗakin ta taga taga a buɗe daga titi). Shuka ƙwayoyin tsirrai suna ɓoye ƙwayoyin cuta - ƙwayoyin rigakafi waɗanda halitta suka kirkira.

Wadannan mahadi masu canzawa suna tsarkake iska mai lalacewa kuma yana sanya shi da amfani ions.

Platicerium: kulawa gida (a takaice)

Kasancewa mai tsire-tsire marasa fassara, ƙwayar platicerium tana girma da kyau a gida. Amma saboda fern baya zama a cikin tukunya, da baƙin ciki faduwa cikin ganyayyaki, kuma da gaske ƙawata gidan, kuna buƙatar sanin abubuwan da ake so:

Akwai fasalolin girma platycerium. Fasalin farko yana da alaƙa da ganyayyaki fern. Shuka tana da vayi (gabobi masu kama da ganyayyaki) iri biyu:

1. bakararre - goyon bayan ganye. Waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ganye suna rufe da sikeli. A sararin samaniya a tsakiyan su da gangar jikin itacen da suke tsiro, kwayoyin halitta suna ta tarawa cikin yanayin mutuƙar bishiyar da ke tallafawa kuma bakararraki suna barin kansu. Ganyayyaki bushe da sauri, juya launin ruwan kasa da zoba. A tsawon lokaci, ganyayen da aka yanke suka zama abinci don tushen tsiron.
2. Sporiferous lebur bar kama da bareyin. Suna yin aikin haihuwa, suna riƙe danshi a cikin fern kuma suna kare shi daga haske mai haske.

Ana kula da ganyen cikin hankali tare da ganyayyaki;. Wani fasalin shine cewa platycerium na tsire-tsire ne na epiphytic, saboda haka ana girma cikin gishirin itace ko a ƙwallon ƙafa. Don yin wannan, moss yana haɗe zuwa ga katako na itacen, wanda za'a shuka dutsen.

Tushen platycerium an kewaye shi da sphagnum. An kafaɗa fern tare da layin kamun kifi zuwa kusoshi da yawa waɗanda aka kora cikin itace. A karkashin ƙananan ganye an zuba ƙasa kaɗan. Madadin ban ruwa na gargajiya, a wannan yanayin, ana amfani da hanyar nutsarwa: platicerium an nutsar da shi gabaɗaya cikin ruwa saboda ya iya kasancewa tare da shi. Za a sami isasshen ruwa na dogon lokaci.

Platicerium: kulawar gida. Daki-daki

Ferns sun dace da rayuwar cikin gida, kula da platicerium a gida abu ne mai sauƙi. Amma yanayin da ke kewaye da shi ya kamata ya kasance da kwanciyar hankali, to, shuka za ta bunkasa gabaɗaya kuma ta zama ado na gidan.

Yawo mai ban sha'awa

Tatsuniyar tufar fure a daren Ivan Kupala sanannu ne ga duk mutane. Furen fure wanda sau daya a shekara yayi alkawarin nuna hanya zuwa farin ciki da dukiyoyi masu yawa. Amma wannan kyakkyawan labari ne. Ba za a iya ganin furanni ba, saboda ferns ba sa yin fure.

Wannan rukuni na musamman na tsire-tsire ne wanda ya bayyana a duniya tun da daɗewar amfanin gona ba. Ba su da zuriya kuma su haifeshi ta hanyar mazan.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Lokacin girma tsire-tsire, yana da mahimmanci a lura da tsarin zafin jiki. Duk da cewa platycerium tana shan wahala na ɗan gajeren lokaci zuwa + 5 ° C, bai kamata ku kiyaye shuki a wannan zazzabi ba. A cikin hunturu, ma'aunin zafi da sanyio kada ya faɗi ƙasa + 12 ° C. A lokacin rani, ƙarancin zafin jiki shine + 25 ° C.

Platycerium na gida yana jure da zazzabi mafi girma, amma a lokaci guda ya wajaba don ƙara zafi. Shuka ba ya son canje-canje da zazzabi da kuma zane-zane. Saboda haka, ba za a iya sanya shi kusa da kwandishan da iska ba.

Fesa

Fi son matsakaicin matsakaici. Fesa sararin sama a kewayen shuka daga kyakkyawan fesawa. A lokacin dumama, ana barin platycerium daga batir. An dasa shukar a kan wata takarda tare da pebbles mai laushi.

Har ila yau ana kiyaye danshi a cikin dakin ta amfani da kayan hura wuta.

Haske

Don dacewa da haɓaka aikin platicerium, yadudduka fitila mai haske ya fi dacewa. Zai fi kyau sanya shi a taga ko yamma ko gabas. Tare da rashin isasshen hasken, fern zai yi girma a hankali, ganye zai shimfiɗa kuma ya lalata, wataƙila lalata kwari.

Sakamakon zafin rana kai tsaye yana jujjuya tare da wahala: ƙonewa yana fitowa. A cikin hunturu, hada ƙarin ƙarin haske na aƙalla 6 - 8.

Platycerium tare da gajeren gajeren ganye suna buƙatar haske mai sauƙi fiye da nau'in ganye tare da ganye mai elongated.

Watse

Fern yana buƙatar matsakaici na ruwa. A lokacin rani, ana shayar da platicerium har sau 2 a cikin kwanaki 7, ƙasa da sau a cikin hunturu. Wajibi ne a jira saman Layer na substrate don bushe tsakanin waterings. Yana da mahimmanci a cika ma'auni. M danshi ƙasa da kuma yin ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi kai ga tushen rot, mutuwar da shuka.

Tare da ƙasa mai-bushe, haɓaka daji yana rage gudu. Florists tare da gwaninta suna bada shawarar yin amfani da ƙananan shayarwa. A wannan yanayin, an ɗora platicerium a kan akwati kuma an zuba ruwa mai narkewa.

Tsafta

Tsafta yana da mahimmanci wajen kula da tsirrai na gida. Tsarin tsabtace tsabtataccen tsabta yana taimaka tsaftace fure da tsabta. Kashi na uku na ganyen platycerium an rufe shi da zaruruwa waɗanda ke adana danshi kuma suna kariya daga zafin rana. Lokacin shafa tare da zane ko wanka a cikin wanka, za'a iya cire su da gangan. Theura da ake tarawa akan ganyayyaki, an bada shawarar busawa ko cirewa a hankali tare da buroshi mai ƙyalli.

Wani lokacin shuka yana nutsarwa a cikin ruwa don ba kawai tsabtace ganye, har ma ya sake cika ɗimin danshi.

Dankalin Pitcher

Tushen tushen fern ba shi da kyau ci gaba, saboda haka tukunya don platicerium an zaɓi mai yawa kuma mara kyau. Ya kamata a sami isasshen sarari a cikin tukunya ba kawai don fern ba, har ma don magudanar ruwa. Dole akwai ramin magudanar ruwa a kasan tanki.

Platicerium a gida galibi ana dasa shi cikin kwantena rataye da filayen fure, kamar shuka mai ruwa.

Il ƙasa don platicerium

Kuna iya siyarwa da madaidaici na musamman don ferns ko sanya ƙasa ta cakuda kanku daga faɗin ƙasa, perlite da peat, an ɗauka daidai gwargwado. Inganta cakuda tare da haushi, an kunna carbon, a yanka da gansakuka. Don haɓaka magudanar ruwa, ƙara tubalin burodi, vermiculite.

Ilasa don platycerium ya kamata ya zama ɗan acidic (pH 5.7 - 6.2) da haske sosai.

Taki da taki

Ana fitar da takin ƙasa da takin ƙasa a cikin ɗayan mako biyu taki na ruwa don tsirrai na gida dauke da abubuwa masu mahimmanci - potassium, nitrogen da phosphorus - a madaidaicin rabo. Cakuda taki yana daskarar da ruwa sau 2 kuma ana amfani dashi bayan anyi ruwa a ranar hadari ko da yamma.

Wasu lokuta ana yin kayan miya na sama. A lokaci guda, an mai da hankali mai narkewa sau 3-4 tare da ruwa: babban allurai abubuwan ganowa na iya shafar bayyanar fern. Ganyayyaki sun kaɗa, fasa suka bayyana a kansu, launin ya yi duhu.

Juyawa

Platicerium ferns suna dasawa a gida a farkon farkon bazara, kowace shekara 2, 5. Dankin yana da ƙananan asalinsu, a wannan lokacin za su cika tukunya, kuma za a buƙaci juyawa daga cikin platycerium. Ana shuka daskararre a hankali a cikin tukunya mai fadi, mai da hankali don kada zurfafa ma'anar girma.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don guje wa farfaɗar wurin shuka. An matattar da keɓaɓɓun a kan tushen ƙwayar platicerium saboda babu iska ta iska. An shayar da shi da ruwa mai gurɓataccen ruwa tare da gurɓataccen ƙasa tare da sphagnum ƙasa.

Bayan dasawa, an sa fern a cikin wurin da aka rufe har tsawon kwanaki domin ya ɗauki tushe sosai. Ciyarwa yana farawa bayan makonni 2, 5 bayan dasawa.

Mai jan tsami

Don samar da kambi, platycerium baya buƙatar pruning. Masu bushewa, bakararre vayi suna faɗuwa da kansu, ba za a iya yanke su ba: idan suka mutu, suna ba da tushen abinci mai gina jiki. Sai kawai muryoyi masu iya lalacewa, waɗanda suka canza launin rawaya, ana yanke su a gindi.

Lokacin hutawa

Daga farkon Oktoba har zuwa ƙarshen Fabrairu, lokacin hutawa zai kasance yana ƙaruwa. Adadin lokacin hasken rana ya ragu, a cikin ɗakin sai iska ta zama bushewa saboda lokacin dumama. Ba a shayar da Platicerium a wannan lokacin lokacin da saman Layer na substrate ya bushe. Ana kiyaye tsire a + 12 ° C; ba a basu abinci.

Idan hutu ne

Idan kuna shirin tafiya hutu na tsawon kwanaki 14, an sanya platicerium a cikin akwatina tare da pebbles mai laushi kuma an sanya shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye.

Halittar ƙwayar platycerium

A gida, ana aiwatar da haifuwar platycerium ta amfani da harbe ko a kaikaice.

Girma Platicerium daga Spores

Ba a yi amfani da haɓakar platycerium daga ɓarna. A cikin tsohuwar shuka, spores mai kama da ƙurar ƙura sun bayyana a ƙarshen ganye. An tattara su a hankali a takarda da bushe. Sown a cikin ƙasa sako-sako da haske, an rufe shi da gilashi kuma ya bar dumi. Bayan makonni shida zuwa bakwai, similaran seedlings da suka yi kama da gansakuka za su bayyana. An saraka su da ruwa kuma aka tarwatsa su. Bayan hadi ya faru, matasa tsire-tsire zasuyi. Lingsa Seedan da ke girma zuwa 50 mm suna dasawa cikin kwantena daban.

Yaduwar platycerium ta gefen harbe

Sake bugun ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta tare da harbe harbe ana yin shi sau da yawa. Zabi harbe da ke da tushen da ganye. Ana aiwatar da matakai a hankali daga shuka na iyaye kuma an dasa shi cikin ƙasa mai kwance (toho na tsarin yankewa ya kamata ya zama 1, 5 cm sama da ƙasa). A yayin jujjuya, saka idanu yanayin zafi na iska.

Sake bugun ƙirar platincerium yana buƙatar daidaito da cikakkiyar dacewa ga fasaha daga maɓallin girma, don haka ne kawai kwararren malamin ƙwarewa ke ɗaukar wannan al'amari.

Cutar da kwari

Wani lokaci kulawa da rashin kulawa yana haifar da cututtuka, da karin kwari da yawa suna kai hari ga shuka mai rauni. Plicerium na iya samun matsaloli:

• platycerium yana girma a hankali - karamin tukunya (dasawa a cikin babban akwati);
• An rufe ganyen platycerium da launin shuɗi - kunar rana a jiki (inji pritenit);
• ganyen platyserium ya zama launin ruwan kasa - ƙarancin danshi tare da bushewar iska (rijiyar ruwa, saka a cikin tire tare da ɗakunan leya);
• ganyen platycerium ya zama iri na bazai kuma yana kwance - wuce haddi mai haske (sake shiryawa a cikin wurin da aka rufe);
• kore ganye rot - waterlogging a cikin ƙananan yanayin zafin jiki (dasawa zuwa wata ƙasa, daidaita ruwa);
• ganyen platycerium ya juya launin rawaya - yayi zafi sosai; kumburin ruwa (sake shiryawa a wuri mai sanyaya; ruwa).

Lokaci-lokaci, platycerium yana shafar aphids, kwari masu yawa, ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo, da thrips.

Nau'in Platicerium Gida

Akwai nau'ikan platycerium 17, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu sun fi shahara a al'adun cikin gida.

Platincerium bifurcated, "antler" (Platycerium bifurcatum)

Yana da zagaye mara nauyi vaya tare da radius na 0, 1. An guga man zuwa ƙasa kuma riƙe abubuwan gina jiki da danshi. Bayan lalata, su da kansu suna zama tushen abinci mai gina jiki. Vre mai ɗaukar ciki, ya kasu kashi 40 mm faɗi, yayi kama da barewa. Tsawonsu ya kai 0, 5 m. A tattara a cikin soket.

Babban platycerium (karin girma)

Tsawon fern shine 0.25 m. Vayi ba su da yanke yankan. Tsawanin spore-bear vaji ya rataye, tsayin su ya kai mita 1. Bakararre mai yaduwa yana da fadi - har zuwa 0.6 m.

Tashar Platincerium

Yana samar da ganye madaidaiciya da yawa tare da yankan m. Wasu lobes sun fi ga wasu, an nuna gefansu. A waje yayi kama da platscerium mai ruɓi biyu, amma ƙanƙantarsa.

Platicerium shine tsiro na relic, abin mamaki tare da sifofi iri iri na ganyenta. Fern ya haɗu da snags ko yayi girma a kan kututture, kamar dai yazo gidan ne daga tsohuwar tatsuniya. Wani tsiron da ba a saba ba zai yi ado da ciki tare da jaddada asalin sa.