A cikin wannan labarin zamu tattauna game da salvia da irinta, koyi yadda za'a ninka kuma kula da injin. Mun koya yadda za a kawar da kwari na salvia da magunguna na wannan shuka.
Shin kuna sani? Salvia (Salvia) daga Latin ne aka fassara a matsayin "inganta lafiyar." Wani suna don sage shine salvia.
Iri da iri salvia
Salvia na da iyalin yasnekovy, wanda ke da kimanin nau'in 900 a dukan duniya. Ana samo wannan shuka a yankuna masu tsabta. Salvia ta fi son wurare masu zafi irin su itatuwan noma, filayen, wuraren zama da tsararru.
A cikin mutane na kowa, an kira shuka shuka, kuma ana kiran furanni salvia. Ana rarraba tsire-tsire zuwa tsire-tsire masu zafi da sanyi.
Kwayoyin sanyi sun hada da irin furanni:
1. Gidan Salvia wani itace mai ban sha'awa ne wanda ke da furanni mai launin furanni daban-daban a farkon lokacin rani. A kan wannan jinsin an samar da wasu matasan da yawa: Schneehugel, Rose Queen, Blauhugel. 
2. Salvia Dubravnaya - tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, wadda take shahara sosai ga irin nauyin furanni da furanni, wato: Caradonna da Schwellenburg. 
3. Salvia kayan aiki - m, ruwan hoda ko farar fata da cewa Bloom a lokacin rani. Mafi shahararrun iri-iri ne Haematodes. 
4. Salvia Mutovchataya - wani ornamental shuka tare da lalac launi na furanni. Ya yi fure daga Yuli zuwa kaka. Wata sanannun iri-iri iri ne mai tsabta. 
5. Salvia officinalis - wani ornamental da magani shuka. 
6. Salvia blue - wani ornamental shuka cewa blooms tare da kananan haske blue furanni daga Yuli zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba. 
7. Salvia Jafananci - injin ya zo ne daga Japan da blooms daga Agusta zuwa Oktoba tare da furanni. 
Salvia na Thermophilic sun hada da wadannan nau'ikan:
1. Salvia marsh - tsire-tsire mai zafi, ya zo ne daga Kudancin Amirka. Ya girma har zuwa 2 m tsawo kuma yana da furanni mai launin furanni. Flowering fara a ƙarshen rani kuma yana har zuwa tsakiyar kaka. 
2. Salvia mai ban dariya - shekara-shekara, shude daga Yuni har zuwa farkon sanyi. Shuka launi yana da launin ruwan-ja zuwa mai launi mai duhu. 
3. Salvia ja - mai kyau na thermophilic, wanda ya samo tushe ne daga Kudancin Amirka. Flowering fara a ƙarshen lokacin rani. Launi - fari, ruwan hoda da ja. Mafi shahararrun jinsunan suna Lady a Red da Forest Fire. 
4. Mutanen Espanya Salvia - wani kayan ornamental tare da furanni mai launi. Flowering a watan Mayu da Yuni. Yana da kama da sage kuma ana amfani dasu a dafa. 
5. Powdery salvia ne wata ornamental shuka cewa blooms daga rani zuwa kaka. Launi - mai haske blue. Mafi shahararrun iri-iri shine Victoria. 
6. Salvia myrtle - shrub, ya zo daga Mexico. Ana nuna furanni mai launin furanni a tsakiyar lokacin rani har zuwa ƙarshen sanyi. 
7. Salvia slim - tsayi mai tsayi wanda ya bayyana a ƙarshen rani. Launi - Harshe. Ana amfani da Salvia a cikin kayan lambu ko 'ya'yan itace, kamar yadda suke da dandano mai ban sha'awa. Dabbobi masu ban mamaki sune Abarba da Ƙarya da Sage Tangerine. 
8. Salva salvia shi ne shuka na Mexica tare da furanni masu launin fata da aka ɓoye a cikin azurfa. 
9. Salvia nutmeg (clary sage) wani abu ne mai ban sha'awa, wanda abincin ya ci gaba a cikin bazara da lokacin rani. Launi - cream-purple, ruwan hoda ko blue. Ana amfani da man fetur mai mahimmanci daga masarufin clary, wanda aka yi amfani da su a magani da kuma turare. 
10. Salvia ta gano - Ciyayi mai zafi mai zafi na Mexica wanda ke fure daga rani zuwa tsakiyar kaka. Launi - mai haske blue. Alamannun irin su ne Cambridge Blue da Blue Angel. 
11. Salvia dutse ne Texan shuka cewa blooms daga ƙarshen lokacin rani har sai kaka. Launi - ja. Wannan iri-iri ba shi da sananne ga lambu. 
Noma da kulawa
Girma salvia abu ne mai sauki. Wannan injin yana son wata ƙasa mai tsabta kuma mai kyau. Ya kamata a tuna da lokacin da kake buƙatar shuka sage. Lokaci na shuka salvia ya dogara da iri-iri, amma lokaci mafi kyau don dasa shi shine Fabrairu-Maris. Flowering salvia farawa 4-5 watanni bayan shuka.
Shiri na ƙasa da tankuna don dasa
Don farawa shine a shirya akwati don seedlings. Mafi yawancin katako ne. Ƙasa tana cike da claydite da cakuda ƙasa don haka ya kasance kusan 2 cm zuwa sama.Bayan haka, an yadu da yatsun kuma an rufe shi da gilashi, hagu a cikin dare.
Seed shiri da shuka
Ya kamata a tuna da yadda za a shuka shuka tsaba da kyau domin shuka ta tsiro cikin kwazazzaran bushes da furanni masu kyau. Salvia tsaba ne ƙananan, kuma don tallafawa shuka suna haɗe da yashi. An shuka hatsi a kan ƙasa. Sa'an nan kuma ya kamata a tsaftace su da ruwan dumi daga sprayer kuma a yayyafa shi da wani bakin ciki na ƙasa na 1-2 mm, bayan haka su sake wanke ƙasa sannan su rufe saman akwatin tare da gilashi. Wajibi ne don biye da yawan zafin jiki - + 25 ° C.
Tsarin abinci
Care salvia seedlings ne mai sauqi qwarai. Bayan da tsaba suka ba da furanni na farko, akwatin ya bayyana ga rana. Haske rana don seedlings ne 12 hours. Ƙasa ba za a iya wankewa ba, amma bai kamata ya bushe ba. Wuce haddi yana kaiwa zuwa cutar blackleg (juyawa tushe tushe). Idan an gano cutar, cire gilashin kuma yayyafa ƙasa tare da yashi mai yashi.
Safa na sama don salvia yana da amfani sosai. Kula da shi sau biyu kafin saukowa a ƙasa. Lokacin da seedlings ya bayyana ganye, yana nufin cewa za a iya transplanted cikin raba tukwane. Bayan an dasa gishiri a shayar da ruwa, kuma tukunya an rufe shi da takarda.
Watering, miya da daukana
Ayyukanku na gaba shi ne shuka shuke-shuke tare da tushen tsarin tushen kyau. Wannan zai taimaka Salvia da sauri ya sauka a sabuwar ƙasa. Kada ka manta game da ɗaukar sage. Saboda haka, seedlings suna nutse sau biyu. A karo na farko - tare da bayyanar uku daga cikin wadannan zanen gado. Ana kwashe sprouts cikin wasu kwalaye a nesa na 6 cm daga juna. Hanya na biyu yana faruwa ne bayan makonni uku bayan na farko da zaba. Ana shuka sprouts a cikin tukwane, diamita daga cikinsu shine 12 cm.
Lokacin da nau'i-nau'in nau'i-nau'i 3-4 sun bayyana, yana da daraja fara farawa da salvia. Wannan zai samar muku da farin ciki. Tun daga Afrilu, harbe suna bukatar farawa. Domin wannan zafin jiki na dare ya rage zuwa 10 ° C.
Landing a cikin ƙasa bude
Yaushe lokacin barazanar rassan ruwa, salvii dasa a cikin ƙasa a wuri mai dindindin. Salvias yana son wurare na rana da ƙasa mai gina jiki. Tsakanin tsire-tsire, nesa ya zama minti 25-30. Kafin dasa shuki, takin zubar da wuri tare da humus. Bayan dasa shuki, dole a cire tsire-tsire a cikin hanya mai dace da weeds don ciyar da takin mai magani.
Kullum yin amfani da tsire-tsire ba shi da daraja, amma a lokacin zafi, salvia na iya sha wahala daga rashin rashin ruwa. Idan ya fara bushe, jira na yamma da ruwa da injin. Wannan zai ba shi irin wannan ra'ayi.
Tsire-tsire-tsire
Pruning stimulates da ci gaban da harbe. Salvia sauƙaƙe sauƙi, saboda haka ya kamata a yanke don haka reshe zai iya zama tushen. Wannan hanya ya kamata a gudanar a cikin fall ko spring. Yanke yana bukatar lignified harbe, barin 'yan centimeters na buds da matasa ganye. Yanke shi a wani kusurwa tare da wuka mai tsabta. Yawancin salvia yana bukatar pruning a kowace shekara. Har ila yau, kar ka manta game da wannan hanya kamar yadda Salvia ke gudana, domin wannan shine abin da zai samar muku da babban daji.
Shin kuna sani? Yayi amfani da ku idan kun shuka shuka a lambunku, zai tsawanta rayuwanku.
Sauya salvia
Mafi sau da yawa sun saya riga sun girma salvia tare da furanni masu fure. Amma tsaba suna ba da mafi ban sha'awa iri fiye da girma a cikin tukwane. Idan windows ɗinka sun dubi kudu maso gabas, kudu maso yamma ko kudancin gefe - ka ƙarfafa wannan shuka tare da hannunka. Za a iya shuka shuka a hanyoyi hudu: ta hanyar tsaba, cututtuka, shimfida iska da rarraba daji.
Tsaba
Sake gyaran tsaba na Salvia ba ya buƙatar ilimin musamman ko ƙoƙari.
Dole ne kada ku rasa lokacin dacewa don tattara tsaba, kamar yadda suke gudu da sauri. Da zarar ƙananan furanni suka juya launin ruwan kasa, an yanke waran da aka zaba don iri iri kuma an sanya shi a wani akwati dabam domin ripening.
Yayin da ake yin gyaran ƙwayoyi ya kamata ku mai da hankali kuma ku saurara. Yana yiwuwa a shuka shuka kafin hunturu, kuma a cikin idon ruwa an riga an ajiye seedlings a wuri mai dindindin. Amma, da rashin alheri, wannan hanya ba ta haifar da sakamako ba ne, domin tsaba ba su tsira da hunturu don dalilai daban-daban. Zai fi dacewa wajen gudanar da kiwo a cikin bazara da kuma a gida. Don yin wannan, an zuba ƙasa cikin ƙananan akwatin, kuma ana shuka tsaba a cikinta. Don farawa na farko, bayan bayyanar jaridu masu girma, ƙananan tukwane masu dacewa. A farkon kwanakin bazara, an riga ya yiwu a sauya samari a cikin kasa. Ya kamata kasar gona ta zama yashi da kuma m.
Yana da muhimmanci! Salvia sauƙi ketare, don haka ya kamata ka shuka iri daban-daban a yankunan daban-daban.
Cuttings
Gyara salvia ta hanyar yankan ba abu ne mai wuyar gaske ba. Wannan na bukatar cuttings yanke a cikin wani tsawon game da 10-15 cm. Wannan ya fi kyau a cikin maraice. Cuttings da aka rushe a cikin kwantena da ruwa, an kare su daga hasken rana. Ya kamata a cire abin da ya fadi a kan cuttings.
Tushen bayyana a cikin makonni biyu. Ya kamata a yi shuka a mako guda bayan bayyanar tushen. Yi wuri a wuri mai dindindin. Kwanaki na farko ya fi kyau inuwa shuka daga rana, sau da yawa ruwa da kuma yayyafa ganye. 
Air shimfidu
Shirye-shiryen salvia ta hanyar iska yana da sauki. An kafa reshe na shuka a ƙasa kuma an kulla shi da sarƙar karfe. Sabbin sabawan sunyi girma a cikin 'yan watanni, kuma ana iya yanke reshe daga babban daji. Sa'an nan kuma, tare da dunƙule na ƙasa, tare da taimakon mai tsalle, ana iya canza shi zuwa sabon wuri.
Raba daji
An umurci wannan hanya don yin aiki a ƙarshen Agusta ko farkon watan Satumba. Irin wannan kiwo ya fi dacewa da perennials. Kana buƙatar tono sama da kyau kuma shirya shi da taki. Ka tuna cewa idan ka shuka tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire, za a yi tsire-tsire a tsawo, kuma akwai 'yan furanni a kansu. Idan ka shuka salvia da wuya, ƙananan za su yi girma a cikin fadin. A mafi kyau duka nisa ne 45-50 cm tsakanin layuka da kuma 20-25 cm tsakanin bushes.
Magunguna na salvia
Ganyen daji mai laushi ne mai magani na gargajiya don cututtuka. Amma yawancin jinsuna iri suna da kayan magani - magani, nutmeg, Habasha da Mutanen Espanya. Sauran nau'o'in suna da magungunan magani, amma ba a san su ba kamar yadda aka ba da su a sama.
Shin kuna sani? A lokacin annoba, an dauke Salvia lambar lamba ɗaya don magancewa da sake dawo da jiki.
Salvia ganye suna da anti-mai kumburi, disinfectant da hemostatic Properties.
Yi amfani da injin don wankewa tare da ciwon da ke faruwa:
- Cutar da ƙwayar cuta;
- Stomatitis;
- Bronchitis;
- Angina;
- Catarrh na fili na numfashi na sama.
Likitoci na kasashen waje sun bada shawarar yin amfani da sage don ulcers, gastritis, hanta da cututtuka na koda, ciwon ƙwayar cuta da kuma jiyya na raunuka. Tattara ganyen da kuma mafi girma na sage stalks a lokacin budding zamani.
Sa'an nan kuma an bushe su da kuma amfani da su a magani na gargajiya ko kuma a cikin kayan shafawa. Sage yana da wari mai karfi da dandano mai dadi.
Yana da muhimmanci! An ba da shawara kada a dauki sage don ciwon ciki, tarin ciki da ciki. A matsayi mafi yawa, sage yana haifar da fushi ga jikin mucous.
Babban kwari da cututtuka na salvia
Tsarin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na Salvia suna mai saukin kamuwa da wasu kwari da cututtuka. Akwai matakan tsaro don kare tsire-tsire. Dole ne ku bi dokoki na kula da watering, kazalika da ciyar. Idan ba daidai ba ne don kula da salvia, to, akwai hadari na samun jugi, kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Yin amfani da ƙasa a cikin kwalaye na tsawon lokacin da ake amfani da shi a cikin kwalaye yana haifar da tarawa na parasites - pathogens. Ya kamata a tuna cewa a gida, hanyoyi na daskarar ƙasa, da sinadarai da kuma thermal, ba da sakamako kaɗan. Kafin dasa shuki da tsire-tsire a cikin kwalaye shine canza ƙasa kafin kowace shuka. Sa'an nan za ku shakka girma lafiya da kyau salvia.
Cututtuka da kwari da ganye da kuma mai tushe: bayyanar cututtuka da magani
Mafi sau da yawa, ganye da stalks na salvia sun lalace ta hanyar katantanwa da slugs. Yakin da su shine mai sauqi. An yi tsaftace tsabtace jiki ta hanyar inji.
Har ila yau, wasu kwari salvia ganimar ganimar ganye da kuma tushe daga cikin shuka. Alal misali, aphid. Wannan kwari yana cin 'ya'yan' ya'yan itace da ke cikin 'ya'yan carbohydrates kuma suna buƙatar amino acid a cikinsu. A wannan yanayin, yana ba da babban adadin paddy. Yana janye sauran nau'in kwari. Aphids suna daya daga cikin cututtuka masu kwari masu cutarwa. Aphid yayi kama da wannan: 
Aphid ya zauna a kan ganye kuma ya tsotsa ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga sabo ne. Bugu da ƙari, wannan kwari zai iya ɗaukar cututtuka mai cututtuka - galls. Suna raunana salvia kuma suna haifar da mutuwar shuka.
Daga cututtuka na salvia, powdery mildew za a iya bambanta. Pathogens sune waraka-fungi-oomycetes.
Alamar cututtuka na launi suna kama da alamun cututtuka na powdery mildew. Amma a kan ganyayyaki fararen siffofin scurf a gefen ɓangaren ganye, kuma a sama suna nuna launin rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa. Bar bushe ko juya.
Kwayar tana tasowa sosai a kan tsire-tsire da ke cike da yankuna. Domin magance wannan cuta, ya kamata ku yi wa shuka shuka tare da kwayoyi na jan karfe.
Cututtuka da kwari da furanni: bayyanar cututtuka da magani
Thrips ƙananan kwari ne da ke so su ci amfanin gona. Suna shigar da kayan ta hanyar windows. Thrips haifar da pollen ya fada da rage tsawon flowering for salvia.
Don bincika ko injin yana kamuwa da wadannan kwari, ya isa ya ɗibi wasu furanni kuma ya girgiza takarda baki.
Domin kawar da wannan cutar, ya kamata ka gudanar da jiyya biyu ko uku a cikin kwanaki 10. Yin wannan yana da amfani da kwari-kwari.
Cututtuka da kwari daga tushensu: bayyanar cututtuka da magani
Mafi sau da yawa, Salvia Tushen suna batun cututtuka da ake kira blackleg da tushen rot. Wadannan cututtuka suna lalacewa ta hanyar fungi: Fusarium, Pythium ko Phytophthora.
Tare da wadannan ciwo, ƙwaƙwalwar wuyansa ta shafi, kuma nauyin ya juya baki. Tushen da hankali juya launin ruwan kasa kuma ya mutu. Salvia kanta zai iya mutuwa a cikin kwanaki hudu. Wadannan wurare sun shafi yankin Brown ne a cikin ɓangaren ɓangare na ɓangaren salvia. Tsire-tsire suna fara ci gaba, amma kada ku mutu. Ƙwararren launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa za a iya gani akan kyallen takalma. Launi ya dogara da nau'in pathogen. Babban tushen kamuwa da cuta shine ƙasa.
Don kauce wa wannan matsala, yana da daraja canza ƙasa kafin kowane sabon shuka da kuma ciyar da seedlings tare da microelements.
Har ila yau, akwai abubuwa masu amfani da kwayoyin halitta: narcissus, zircon da immunocytophyte. Wannan yana kara juriya na shuka. Yayin da ɓangaren ya faru, yad da ƙasa da tsire-tsire da sinadarai: previure, ridomil and topsin-M. Idan ba ka so ka ganimar da tsire-tsire tare da sunadarai, muna bada shawara watering da shuka da ƙasa tare da ruwan rawaya m bayani na potassium permanganate.
Gudanar da Kwayoyin Kwaro
Rigakafin shine hanya mafi kyau don kare salvish daga ciwon daji. Don yin wannan, wajibi ne don zabi iri iri da suke da alaƙa ga cututtuka da kwari. Kada ka manta game da yadda za a shuka salvia don haka ya fi sauƙi don tsabtace shuka daga sutura. Dole ne ku bi ka'idodin tsabta, ku kiyaye tsaran tsabta kuma ku cire weeds ko tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a lokaci.
Don halakar da kwari da cututtuka a filin bude, zaka iya amfani da spraying broth taba, tare da shi tare da 4 g na kore sabulu a cikin 1 lita na broth.
Yanzu mun san duk game da salvia, tare da kwanciyar hankali za mu iya fara shuka wannan kyakkyawar shuka a kanmu a gida. Mun dubi yadda za mu shuka da kuma kulawa da salvia, kuma mu koyi game da kayan warkarwa na wannan shuka. Kada ka manta game da kwari wanda dole ne ya dace tare da.
