Hanyar yaduwa na remont raspberries

Ofaya daga cikin bambance-bambance tsakanin rawaya raspberries da talakawa raspberries shine raunin tushen asalin zuriya. A zahiri babu kwararan matakai ko kadan. Tushen canzawa galibi suna girma 5-7, ana buƙatar su duka don samun amfanin gona. Koyaya, rasberi suna kasancewa iri ɗaya al'adu. Kuma kodayake yaduwa ta hanyar harbe shine hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi yawan amfani da ita, akwai wasu.

Asabatar da hanyoyin yaduwar rasberi

Manyan lambu na zamani sun riga sun ɗanɗano hanyoyi da yawa na yaduwar farfado da remont raspberries: kore da lignified cuttings, kwance kwance, ɓangare na rhizome, rarraba daji, "nettle". Koyaya, ga kowane yanayi, kuna buƙatar zaɓar zaɓinku mai tasiri. Misali, akwai wasu nau'ikan wadanda cutansu suke da tushe sosai. Ta hanyar rarraba daji, yana da kyau a yadu da tsohuwar tsirrai, tsirrai. Dasa kayan a cikin wani ɓangaren ɓangare na tushen tare da toho za a iya raba su daga sayan da aka sayi. Hanyar yaduwa na raspberries ya dogara da dalilai da yawa: shekarun daji, iri-iri, lokacin kiwo, ikon ƙirƙirar yanayi na musamman don tushen tushe, da sauransu..

Wannan harbi ne na talakawa raspberries, da remontant ba shi, sabili da haka akwai matsaloli tare da yaduwa

Farfagand da "nettle"

Don tushen tushe, har yanzu ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire matasa, wanda a cikin bazara ne kawai ya bayyana daga ƙasa. A wannan matakin, raspberries suna kama sosai da nettles matasa. Abun harbi ya kamata ya zama bai wuce 10 cm ba, yana da ganyayyaki biyu masu kyau.

Rasberi harbe, kawai fitowa daga ƙasa, karfi da kama matasa nettles

Abin da kuke buƙatar yi:

1. Rage ƙasa daga tushe harbi kuma yanke shi da wani farin ɓangaren ƙasa, tsawonsa zai iya kaiwa cm 3 cm.
   

   Shuka abu ya ƙunshi ɓangaren ɓangaren kore mai duhu da kuma farin ƙasa
2. Bi da sashin tare da tushen ƙarfafawa (Kornevin, Heteroauxin, Epin, da sauransu).
3. Yi wani keɓaɓɓiyar substrate daga peat da yashi (1: 1) ko peat, turf ƙasar da yashi (1: 1: 0.5).
4. Shuka shuka a cikin murfin danshi. Duk wani farin ɓangaren kuma wani kore 1 cm ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ƙasa.
   

   Tushen "nettles" akan gado ko gilashi

5. Bayar da sakamako na greenhouse: rufe tare da gwangwani, rabin kwalban, fim, da dai sauransu. A kan sikelin masana'antu, ana yin rooting a cikin greenhouses tare da tsire-tsire. A wannan matakin, shuka ba shi da tushe kuma ba zai iya ci daga ƙasa ba, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci cewa saukad da ruwan ciki ya faɗo a cikin ganyayyaki ya hana su bushewa.
   

   Ana iya ƙirƙirar tasirin kore tare da kwalabe filastik.

Idan kun dasa tushen harbe a gonar, to, sanya filayen kore daga arcs da fina-finai a cikin inuwar bishiyoyi, bishiyoyi, da shinge. A rana, a ƙarƙashin fim, za a ɗaure tsire-tsire. Mafi kyawun zazzabi don tushen: + 20 ... +26 ⁰C. Bayan kusan wata guda, zaku iya yin hukunci game da sakamakon. Offspringa Youngan samari za su fara girma, su zama mafi girma, sababbin ganye za su bayyana a kansu.

Don dasa a cikin ƙasa buɗe, gina mini-greenhouse

Ganyen kore

Ta wannan hanyar, lambu suna dasa rassan gefen da ke girma a kan babban tushe, kuma mai tushe kansu, yankan su cikin sassa tare da 2-3 internodes. Akwai gwaninta na rooting har ma da yatsun da aka bari bayan mun sare harbe sosai. Amma da alama cewa zasu ɗauki tushen ƙanana ne. Don haka, wata mata mai kula da kayan lambu-Amur ta sami nasarar kawar da ɗayan tsummoki 8. Amma wannan ma sakamako ne da ke faranta rai.

Bidiyo: tushen ganyayyaki da aka ɗauka daga iri daban-daban kuma daga sassa daban daban na shuka

Dokoki don shiri na dasa kayan:

• Yanke kore kore a watan Yuni-Yuli, a lõkacin da harbe na remont raspberries sun riga girma, amma ba tukuna bloomed.
• Lokacin da tushen rassan 'ya'yan itace a kaikaice, cire maɓallin haɓaka (saman), kazalika da buds, in dai akwai.
• Kowane sandar yakamata ya sami ƙananan ganyayyaki 2, matsakaicin 3-5. Erarancin ganyayyaki, ƙasa da su kwashe danshi, amma ba za a iya cire su kwatankwacinsu ba, tunda yana cikin ganyayyaki cewa photosynthesis ya zama dole don abincin tsiro.
• Yi ƙananan yankan a wani mahimmin kusurwa kuma ba daidaici da petiole na ƙananan ganye.
• Cire takardar ƙasa.
• Bi da cuttings tare da rooting stimulant kuma dasa su a cikin sako-sako da substrate, nutsad da wurin regrowth da ƙananan ganye by 1 cm.

Ganyen alkama yakamata ya ƙunshi ganye 2-5, dole ne a cire ƙarshen girma (saman)

Rooting kansa yana faruwa, kamar yadda "yanayin" nettles "yake, a cikin yanayin gidan guda. A kan bishiyoyin da aka kafe, harbe ya kamata ya yi girma daga axils na ganye, kuma suna iya bayyana daga ƙasa.

Rooting by lignified cuttings

An shirya kayan dasa a cikin kaka, a watan Oktoba Nuwamba-Nuwamba. A matsayinka na farawa, ɗauki harbe shekara shekara. A ƙarshen ƙarshen kakar an riga an rufe su da itace. Yanke su cikin yanke bisa ga ka'idoji iri ɗaya da kore. Kawai wannan lokacin, kuna buƙatar cire duk ganye, idan har yanzu sun kasance. Bayan duk wannan, ciyayi ya ƙare, an dage farawa, kuma daga gare su ƙananan ganye za su fito a lokacin bazara mai zuwa.

Autumn cuttings, maimakon ganye, ya kamata da bunƙasa sosai buds

Abu na gaba, zaku iya zaban ɗayan hanyoyin ko gwaji tare duka biyu lokaci guda:

1. Dasa a cikin bazara bayan ajiyar hunturu. A cikin kaka, girbi shirye-shiryen da aka shirya a cikin ɗaure, sanya sunayen iri. Stack a cikin kwalaye kuma yayyafa da damp sawdust ko yashi. Wani zaɓi kuma shine a ɗaura shi cikin rigar bushe, sannan a cikin polyethylene, sokin shi a wurare da yawa don samun iska. Adana a cikin bene, firiji ko wani wuri a zazzabi -2 ... +2 ⁰C da zafi 65-70%. A watan Maris, fara rooting a kan windowsill, a cikin kora ko greenhouse ta amfani da fasaha don kore kore da "nettles".
2. Saukowa a cikin fall, kai tsaye bayan yankan. Shuka cuttings a kan gado tare da sako-sako da ƙasa, zurfafa saboda ƙwaya biyu kawai suka rage a farfajiya. Rufe don hunturu hanyar da aka saba don yankin ku: rassan spruce, reeds, agrofibre, da dai sauransu. Dole ne kayan su bari iska ta wuce, don haka kar a yi amfani da fim ko kayan abu mai kama.

Lignified cuttings, makirci na dasa

Masu karairayi suna da'awar cewa wannan ita ce hanyar da ba za a iya dogaro da ita ba wajen yada yaduwar raspberries. Ko da ganye daga ganyayyaki daga bazara, wannan ba ya nufin kwatankwacin abin da cuttingsan itacen ya ba Tushen. A buds Bloom saboda da ƙarfi hagu cikin cuttings. Koyaya, masu goyon baya basu yarda da wannan hanyar ba, saboda a cikin kaka bayan an yanke shawara ana samun harbe-harbe masu yawa waɗanda aka jefar dasu ko aka ƙone su. Me zai hana a gwada tushen? Akwai sakamako mai kyau: 2-3 cikin guda 10 sun juya zuwa seedlingsan seedlings.

Bidiyo: yaduwa ta hanyar dasa dabinon da aka samo sakamakon girbin kaka

Raba Bush

Hanyar tana kama sosai da yaduwa ta harbe. Iyakar abin da bambanci shi ne cewa harbe na canzawa a remont raspberries suna da kusanci da juna, suna buƙatar a haƙa su sosai. Ci gaba zuwa irin wannan yaduwa a cikin bazara, lokacin da harbe-harbe matasa ba su yi girma sama da 15-20 cm ba .. Yawancin lokaci, ana barin harbe 5-7 don 'ya'yan itace a cikin daji, wadanda aka yanke sun wuce. Nemo kyakkyawan daji wanda yake irin waɗannan harbe suna nesa daga sauran, saboda ku iya raba su da felu.

Yadda za a raba tushen zuriyar daga daji:

1. Ruwa da shuka sosai, to, ƙasa ba za ta yi garambawul ba kuma tsire-tsire za su iya tono sama tare da dunƙule na duniya.
2. Sanya shebur tsakanin uwar daji da harbin da kuke son rabuwa, ku zurfafa tare da bayoneti.
   

   Idan akwai ƙarin harbe a daji fiye da tilas, yi amfani da matsanancin ƙarfi don yaduwa.

3. Yi irin wannan digs a duk bangarorin harbi kuma a hankali cire tushen ba tare da goge kashe ƙasa daga gare su ba.
4. Shuka seedling a cikin dindindin.

Idan mai tushe suka girma kusa da juna, to za'a iya amfani da wata hanya:

1. Tona duka daji.
2. Girgiza ƙasa.
   

   Don fahimtar mafi ma'ana na tushen, zaku iya rusa su cikin kwari da ruwa, kuma wanka, a hankali kwance.

3. Daga nan sai a rarraba tsiro gaba ɗaya zuwa sassa tare da wuƙa mai kaifi, domin kowane ɗayan ya ƙunshi tushe mai tushe 2-3 tare da asalinsu.
   

   Kuna iya raba daji zuwa sassa daban-daban

4. Shuka seedlings a cikin shirye dasa ramuka.

Ka tuna fa cewa tare da wannan hanyar zaka iya rasa ire-ire iri idan ka raba daji kawai kake da shi. Yana iya faruwa cewa ba rarrabuwa ɗaya ba ke haifar da tushe. Yi amfani da wannan hanyar idan kuna da sauran bishiyoyi rasberi waɗanda kuke son yaduwa.

Yaduwa da tushen cuttings

Raspberries suna da tushen tushen fibrous, yana ƙunshe da tushen da yawa, kuma suna da rashen kayan aikin bacci. Suna farkawa suna ba da matasa harbe. Wannan na faruwa lokacin da tsohuwar mai tushe ta mutu, suna buƙatar maye gurbinsu da sababbi. Ana amfani da wannan fasalin don yaduwar rasberi. Idan an rabu da tushen ko ɓangaren tushen daga shuka, kayan haɓaka kayan haɓaka suna farka don rama raunin harbe.

A ina zan sami tushen tushen:

• yanke daga seedling tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen;
• yanke daga wani daji mai girma, a hankali ya haƙa ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsa;
• saya daga shayarwa, ba da oda akan layi.

Babu ka'idoji don wannan kayan shuka. Matsakaicin mafi girman shine akalla tushen daji, mafi ƙarancin shine 8-10 cm, kuma bazai yiwu ku samo asalin adnexal ba, a cikin yanayin barcin suna ƙanana da fentin su a cikin launi iri ɗaya kamar tushen.

Hoto a hoto: yadda tushen itacen rasberi yake

Wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi inganci ta haihuwa, idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda aka riga aka bayyana.. Tsarin aiki

1. Yi wani sako-sako da ciyayi, haɗawa peat, ƙasa mai laushi da humus daidai gwargwado.
2. Zuba ruwan cakuda da aka sanya a cikin akwati ko tukwane, kwantena, don har 5 cm ya rage har zuwa gefuna. Zaɓi akwati gwargwadon girman tsiron, wanda ya kamata ya zama a kwance a ciki. Kuna iya shuka kuma nan da nan a kan gadaje a gonar.
3. Zuba abin da ke ciki kuma shimfiɗa peren a saman shi.
   

   Shirya tushen cuttings a kwance
4. Zuba a saman kwance ta ƙasa tare da Layer na 2-3 cm.
5. Riƙe sill taga ko a waje, gwargwadon lokacin. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki - + 18 ... +26 ⁰C. Ruwa cikin ƙasa yayin da yake bushewa. Kuna iya rufewa tare da fim ko gilashi, amma wannan ba lallai ba ne.
6. Lokacin da matasa suka harbe tare da tsawo na 5-7 cm bayyana, tono sakamakon seedling kuma sanya shi zuwa wurin dindindin. Idan harbe biyu sun yi girma a kan riƙe, kowannensu yana da tushe, zaku iya yanke tushen dayan. Wasu lokuta irin waɗannan harbe ana iya rarrabe su daga tsohuwar tushe, tare da asalinsu.

Wannan hanya galibi ana haɗe shi da haihuwa "nettle". Amma saboda wannan kuna buƙatar babban, fibrous tushe. Ana amfani dashi gaba ɗayanta: an shimfiɗa su a sararin samaniya a kan gado na gado ko babban akwati kuma an rufe su da ƙasa. Yayinda harbe suka girma, an yanke su tare da farin sashi kuma aka dasa su don dasawa. A kan tushe, bayan rasa harbe, ƙari da yawa sababbin buds za su farka.

Bidiyo: hade hanyar yaduwa: tushen itace da "nettle"

Yaduwa ta hanyar kwance kwance

A aiwatar da wannan hanyar a kan talakawa raspberries fara a farkon bazara. Annual overwintered harbe suna lankwasa a kasa. Koyaya, a cikin mafi yawan lokuta, an sake dasa bishiyoyi gaba ɗaya a cikin bazara, don haka babu wani abin da za a tanƙwara da tushe a cikin bazara. A cikin kaka, shekara-shekara harbe an rufe shi da ripening berries. Dole ne mu cire duk rassan 'ya'yan itacen tare da su kuma mu bar kara. Wannan zai zama mai matukar damuwa. Tserewa, maimakon tushen, yana iya mutuwa.

Don haka, don yaduwar gyaran Rashan tare da yadudduka na kwance, kuna buƙatar barin zaɓaɓɓen harbe na shekara-shekara da dasa su, kamar raspberries na yau da kullun, a cikin bazara. Wani zabin shine a gudanar da gwaji a lokacin bazara tare da saurayi, wanda ya riga ya girma, amma ba mai fure ba, harbe. Da zarar kore kore yi tushe, zai iya samar da tushen da kuma dukan mazaunin shoot. A kowane hali, zabi wani kwance a kwance bisa ga sharudda masu zuwa:

• An samo shi a gefen arewacin rasberi, a cikin inuwa. A rana, ƙasa za ta bushe da sauri, ganye za su bushe, Tushen ba zai fito ba ko zai yi rauni.
• Abincin yana da ƙarfi, amma yana da sassauƙa, yana da kyau kuma yana kwance a ƙasa.
• Akwai rassa a kaikaice, wanda bayan sanya tushe a ƙasa za'a tura shi zuwa sama.

Zaɓi zaɓi mai ƙarfi amma mai sassauƙa, zai fi dacewa tare da rassan gefen suna fuskantar sama

Yadda za a tono a cikin rasberi harbi don rooting:

1. Lanƙwasa tserewa, amma kada ku gyara tukuna. Kawai gwadawa kuma sanya bayanan lura a ƙasa inda zai kasance.
2. Shirya wuri mai alama: sassauta ƙasa, ƙara peat da yashi, haɗu.
3. Yi ɗan tsagi don sanya ɗanɗano yaɗa zurfin cm cm cm 10. Cika shi da ruwa ka bar shi ya jiƙa.
4. Endwanƙwasa harbi kuma yanke shi daga dukkanin rassan gefen da ganyayyaki waɗanda suka huta a ƙasa ko an bi su ta gefe. Ka bar waɗanda za su yi girma kawai.
5. A gindin kowane reshe na hagu, tsatsaye kara, yin yankewar oblique ko a tsaye mai tsayi zuwa 2 mm zurfi. Kuna iya foda waɗannan wurare tare da Kornevin foda.
6. Yanzu sa shoot a cikin tsagi, fil tare da brackets na waya kuma yayyafa tare da ƙasa. A lokaci guda, kada kuyi barci ya saura akan tushe da rassan a kaikaice, ya kamata su kasance a sama da ƙasa. Bar saman harbin game da 20 cm tsayi, a waje, nuna shi a tsaye kuma ɗaure shi a cikin feƙar.
7. Rufe shafin digging tare da ciyawa, ci gaba da sanyaya kasar gona koyaushe.

Idan an dage farawa hargitsi a cikin bazara, to, za a iya haye seedlings a sama, a ware shi daga tushe kuma a dasa shi a cikin kaka. A lokacin da rooting a lokacin rani kore shoot ne mafi alh notri kada ka share da shuka har sai na gaba fall.

Bidiyo: haifuwa ta hanyar kwance a kwance akan misalin talakawa (marasa ruwa)

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yaduwar raspberries. Kusan duk ana yin ajali zuwa wani lokaci. A lokacin rani, amfani da ganyen kore, a yaɗa a cikin bazara tare da "saitunan" da rarrabe daji, a cikin kaka da bazara - tare da dasa harbe, a lokacin rani da damina - tare da kwance kwance. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce shuka bishiyoyi daga asalin tushe. Muna zubar da abubuwa da yawa na dasawa bayan girkin, kuma duk wannan na iya zama sabbin tsirrai. Yana da ban sha'awa a gwada kowace hanya kuma zaɓi mafi yarda da inganci ɗaya don ire-ire da yanayin aikin noma.