Neman nutsuwa na cikin gida (Solanum) na cikin manyan tsirrai ne daga dangin dare, wanda a cikin kusan nau'ikan halittar 1,200 ke wakilta. Waɗannan sun haɗa da sanannun kayan lambu na kayan lambu, misali: tumatir, dankalin turawa .. Hakanan, kayan ado - curly, jasmine, da na cikin gida - barkono na karya, barkono.
Cikin kwanciyar hankali na cikin gida ko solanum yana girma a cikin yanayin dumin yanayi, a cikin yankuna masu zafi na matsakaici. Don wannan ya samo asali. Kasancewarta ana ɗaukarta shine yankuna masu cike da tsibiran Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, Kudancin Asia.
Bayanin
Daban-daban nau'ikan daren-dare suna girma kamar ciyawa, bishiyoyi, ciyawa.
A kore wani ɓangare na al'adu ya dogara da wurin da mai tushe. Bushasan zai iya zama na tsaye ko kwance da rarrafe.
An tattara furanni guda a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban: a cikin buroshi, whisk, whisk, scutes. Amma mafi mahimmanci shi ne cewa kowane nau'in yana da berries. Baya ga shahara a matsayin amfanin gona, inji ya shahara saboda kayan adonsa.
Iri don namo gida
Akwai nau'ikan solanum da yawa waɗanda suka dace don haɓaka a cikin gida na gida, sills window ko greenhouses. Sun bambanta a cikin fure, 'ya'yan itace, girman kore ko tsawon itacen itacen inabi:
| Dabbobi | Siffar |
| Canza baki (pseudocapsicum) | Solanum pseudo-capsicum shine shukakken daji tare da harbe har tsawon tsayi 1. M ganye yana girma a gajerun yankan, an haɗa shi da danda mai tushe. Halin su shine lanceolate tare da nuna maki a saman. Launin haske mai launi tare da walƙiya. Furanni kananan fararen farare ne. Berries 1.2-1.8 cm a cikin girman suna zagaye ja mai haske, kodayake ana samun launin rawaya. |
| Pepper-dimbin yawa | 60-100 cm tsayi.Kanyan buɗe ido na inuwa mai launin fari tare da sauƙi mai sauƙi. Ganyayyaki suna lanceolate ko kusa, launi yana da launin toka-bluish, har zuwa tsawon cm 7 girman sizea fruitan itace 1.5-2 cm. |
| Jasmin | Tsohuwar shuka. Kurangar inabi ce mai rarrafewa da rassa har tsawon mita 2. Ganyayyaki suna da nau'i daban-daban: ƙananan da tsakiya - sau uku, babba - elongated. Furanni masu launin shuɗi ne mai haske, fararen fata ne, girman 1.5-2.0 cm. Blooms a cikin Maris kuma yana ci gaba da yin fure har zuwa Oktoba-Nuwamba. A launi na berries ne murjani ja, size 1.5 cm. |
| Giant | Tsutsa na mita 6 a tsawo tare da rassan da aka rufe da ƙayar spiked mai taushi. Zuriyarsa mallakar bishiyoyi masu kullun, ganyayyakinsa sun kai cm 25. Furen furanni daban-daban, fararen fata, shunayya, shuɗi, sun fito a watan Yuli da Agusta, girman ya kai 1.5 cm. berriesan wasan berries ƙanana ne, launin ya yi launin ja-ja, bayan ya huda suka ci gaba da zama a daji har watanni da yawa. Decorativeness an halitta shi da furanni, furanni mai haske ja da wari mai kamshi. |
| Siforta (Braziil) | Itacen inabi na Evergreen, yana da harbe har tsawon mita 6. Ganyen 1.3 cm ya yi girma a kan mai tushe mai kauri.Karancin ganye yana lanceolate ko ƙetare tare da ƙaramar igiyar ruwa kewaye da kewaye. Furanni suna kama da alamar alama a sifa, launinsu launinsu ne mara nauyi. Tun da furanni yana ɗaukar watanni da yawa daga Maris zuwa Nuwamba, shuka yana zama abin ado mai ban sha'awa na ado na ɗakin. |
| Warai | Wani sunan shine abincin dare na Chili saboda wurin sa. Wannan tsiro ne mai hawa na 6 mita. Ganyen yana da kyau a siffar, har zuwa tsawon tsayi cm 12. Furancin furanni ne karami 2,5 a launi mai launi-lilac mai launi. A cikin kaka, kore ko ruwan hoda-orange berries sun fito daga furanni. Girman su yana ƙanana - kawai 0.6 cm. Adon ado na shuka yana da alaƙa da kyawun furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa da furanni daga tsakiyar lokacin rani zuwa Oktoba. 'Ya'yan itacen suna da guba. |
| Wendland | Ana amfani da wannan dusar ƙwanƙwalin azaman tsire-tsire na ornamental saboda launinta na zagaye-shekara mai kama da launi mai faɗi. Height - 6 m, ya manne wa goyan baya tare da ƙananan spikes. Bar har zuwa 10 cm tsayi a saman kuma 25 cm a ƙasa tsakiyar shoot. Abubuwan furanni masu fure 20 cm a diamita, an tattara su daga shuɗewar shuɗi, shuɗi da fari furanni. Blooms na dogon lokaci duk lokacin rani. |
| Rantonnetta | Shrub yayi kama da itace. Otsan buɗe ido suna isa 2 m, ganye suna shimfiɗa har zuwa cm 10 Furanni 2.5 cm duhu mai shuɗi ko kamshi mai haske, suna da haske mai haske da kuma shuɗika 5 masu launin shuɗi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ja ja da kyau, kama da zuciya. |
| Papillary | Perennial, yana da siffofin peculiar na berries tare da papillae a cikin nau'i na outgrowths, launin yana da rawaya. Siffar berries ta ba mu damar kiran wannan nau'in Namijin - Mace ko 'ya'yan itace Nipple. The mai tushe ne lokacin farin ciki, suna da ƙaya. Furannin furanni masu launin shuɗi-masu launin shuɗi. The berries masu guba, waxy, girman 3-7 cm. |
| Bahaushe | Shrubaramin ɗan itace, 'ya'yan itace ja cikakke, a cikin kamanni mai kama da ƙananan tumatir. A cikin wani nau'in unripe, berries suna dauke da guba, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa sunan wannan nau'in "Berry mai guba" ya bayyana. |
| Pepino (guna guna) | Yana nufin har abada bishiyoyi bishiyoyi na bazara. Girman daji ya kai mita 1.5. Kara yana da santsi. Ganyayyaki suna lanceolate, suna kama barkono. Babban mahimmancin shuka shine berries mai ƙanshi mai ɗanɗano kamar ƙuna ko kokwamba. 'Ya'yan itacen ana fentin launin rawaya mai haske, mai laushi sosai saboda yawan danshi mai kusan kashi 92%, naman rawaya ne ko mai launi, ɗanɗano yana da daɗi. |
| Baki (Solanum nigrum) | Yana girma a cikin yankuna na kudancin ƙasarmu kamar ciyawa na shekara shekara. An san shi da 'ya'yan blackan itaciyar mai daɗin ɗanɗano, girman curan itacen blackcurrant. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da ganyayyaki marasa guba ne. Bayan ripening, ana iya cinye itacen Berry ko a yi amfani dashi azaman cika kayan alatu. |
Kulawar Gida
Kulawar shuka yadda ya kamata ita ce mabuɗin lafiyarta da kyawunta. Solanum baya buƙatar kulawa mai kyau a gida. Yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye dokoki da yawa don kyawawan fure da yawan fruiting.
Wuri / Haske
Solanaceae sun zo mana daga ƙasashen rana, saboda haka suna son ingantaccen haske. A cikin gida, za su yi kyau a kan windowsills da yamma. A lokacin rani yana da mahimmanci a kwashe su zuwa baranda, amma ya cancanci a kiyaye shi. Hasken rana mai tsananin zafi yana cutarwa ga rayuwar rana.
Yana da mahimmanci a lokaci guda don fesa shuka don kada ya bushe da ruwa sau 1-2 a rana.
Zazzabi
A lokacin rani, yakamata a girma da yawan zafin rana na + 18- + 25 ° C, a cikin kaka, hunturu da bazara ya kamata a kiyaye su a cikin daki mai sanyi tare da zazzabi na +12 zuwa + 15 ° C kuma kar a manta da yin iska.
Danshi / Watering - tebur ta kowace shekara
Ya kamata a tuna cewa danshade na son danshi.
Bushewa tsire-tsire na iya haifar da mutuwarsu.
Dankin ruwa na zamani kamar haka:
| Yanayi | Watse |
| Lokacin bazara / bazara | Kowace rana, a cikin zafi - sau 2 a rana. Fesa kullun. |
| Hunturu / kaka | Watara yana da iyaka, tukunyar yana tsaye a kan pallet tare da yumɓu masu yumɓu. Fesa a kai a kai. |
Ba a yarda bushewa ƙasa a cikin kaka-hunturu-lokacin bazara.
Tare da karancin ruwa, kamuwa da solanum tare da ƙwayar cuta na iya faruwa.
Fitowar tsire-tsire masu lalacewa, ganyayyaki sun lalace, faranti na ganye sun zama disse, launin mosaic ya bayyana akan 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Tukunya, ƙasa, pruning, dasawa
A cikin hunturu, an sanya tukunya a kan rufi (2-3 cm) na yumɓu mai kauri don samar da danshi da yakamata. Kowace shekara ana ba da shawarar canza shi tare da ƙasa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don hana souring na ƙananan ɓangarorin asalin sa.
A cikin kaka, dukkanin harbe suna kwance a tsire-tsire, wanda babu furanni ko 'ya'yan itace.
Wadanda suka haihu a lokacin rani dole ne a cire su tare da matasa. A cikin hunturu, yana da mahimmanci tsaftace harbe da ke fitowa tare da shinge.
Wajibi ne don yin juyawa a watan Fabrairu. An yanke daji uwar kimanin kashi 30%, sannan sai a ɗauki sabon akwati kuma a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya, a cikin abin da aka ƙara ƙara peat, humus, takin, yashi.
Manyan miya
Domin ɗan fure ya faranta wa furanni furanni da furanni, ya wajaba don takin ta daga bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Mafi kyawun takin zamani shine takin ma'adinai, wanda dole ne a yi amfani da shi sau biyu a wata. Tare da kulawa da kyau Solanum zai faranta mai shi tare da kyawawan furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launuka.
Kiwo
Za a iya yaduwa daga cikakke berries:
- Ana tsamo tsabtace kuma an wanke su a cikin maganin maganin potassiumgangan. Bayan haka an watsa shi ƙasa, yayyafa shi da yashi mai kauri sannan aka barshi a cikin akwati a zazzabi na + 22 ° C.
- Makonni 2-3 bayan fitowar shuka, sukan fara ruwa a kai a kai kuma suna kwance kadan.
- Ana shuka tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin tukwane na fure.
Yankasa ta hanyar cutarwa ana amfani da:
- Yanke fi na harbe ko kara tushe. Dasa a cikin akwati tare da cakuda peat da yashi 1 zuwa 1 kuma ci gaba da dumi.
- Juya cikin tukwane ana yi ne bayan bayyanar asalin sa. An shirya cakuda mai gina jiki daga yashi da ƙasa, humus da turf.
- Kar a manta da fil da peren din don su bunkasa girma.
Matsaloli a cikin barin: cututtuka, kwari
- A cikin zafi da damp, ganye suna faɗuwa sosai.
- A cikin daki mai bushewa, kamuwa da cututtukan fata da fataka gizo-gizo na iya faruwa.
- A cikin ƙananan haske, yawan ci gaban yana raguwa, blooms ɗauka da sauƙi, fewan fruitsan fruitsan itai.
Mista mazaunin bazara ya ba da sanarwar: Nightshade - magani ko guba?
Don magani, ana amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa biyu da ganye na dare.
Taimaka tare da cututtuka na huhu (mashako), amai (tarin ƙwayar cuta), tarin fuka. Tana da tasiri kwantar da hankula, tana sauƙaƙe jijiyar wuya, kuma tana rage hawan jini.
Abubuwan da ke warkarwa suna da alaƙa da bitamin, alkaloids, pectins, acid saponic a cikin abun da ke ciki. Amfani na waje ya biya ladan jiyya da jijiyoyi, kumburi, kumburi.
Warkewa tinctures
Infusions tattalin daga Nightshade yi da kyau tare da tsutsotsi kuma suna da sakamako diuretic. Sakamakon warkewa na jiko na furanni Solanum ya ƙunshi abubuwan expectorant da tasirin antirheumatic.
Girke-girke mai sauki ne: ana zuba cokali ɗaya na furanni tare da ruwan 250 na ruwan zãfi, nace tsawon awanni 2. Sannan zaku iya shan tablespoon guda 4 p. kowace rana.
Vodka tincture: An shirya daga furanni. Ana ɗaukar harbe-harben matasa na 20 g, an murƙushe shi kuma an haɗe shi da 200 ml na vodka. Nace makonni 2 ba tare da samun damar yin haske ba, lokaci-lokaci girgiza. Sannan a toshe tincture, a matse kuma a ɗauki 10-30. Dilute ya sauka a cikin ruwa na 50 ml na ruwa kuma ɗauka da safe, a abincin rana da maraice. Taimaka tare da lubrication na basur da ulcers.
Yawancin jinsunan da ba su da tushe suna da guba.
Wani lokaci, ƙaramin kashi ya isa ya haifar da lalacewa ko lalacewa mai guba ga kwayoyin gaba ɗaya. A wasu yanayi, ba za ku iya yin ba tare da taimakon likita ba don guba.
