- Nau'i: Lilac
- Lokaci na Gudanarwa: Mayu, Yuni, Yuli, Agusta, Satumba, Oktoba
- Girma: 20-250cm
- Launi: farar fata, rawaya, ruwan lemo, ja, tabo, mai nuna biyu
- Perennial
- Gwanaye
- Rana soyayya
- Soyayya
Asiatic, Gabas, tubular, dogon-flowered kyakkyawa-lilies fadi cikin soyayya tare da lambu don manyan lafazin inflorescences na haske launi da unpretentious yanayi. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don yaduwa da haɓaka waɗannan kyawawan tsire-tsire, amma zamuyi la'akari da dalla-dalla yadda ake dasa furannin fure a cikin bazara a cikin ƙasa. Bayan 'yan shawarwari masu sauki - kuma yanzu an binne gidanku a cikin busasshiyar ciyawa mai ƙamshi mai haske-ja-farin-gajimare.
Me ke tantance zaɓin lokacin sauka?
Akwai ra'ayoyi da yawa game da lokacin dasa furannin furanni a cikin ƙasa. Lokacin girmar gargajiya shine kaka, ko kuma hakane, rabi na farkon sa. Wannan shi ne saboda yanayin sake zagayowar shuka: bayan fure, wani lokacin mai kauri (kawai 'yan makonni) ya fara, bayan da aka kunna girma daga cikin kwan fitila, tushen ya fara warkewa. Sakamakon haka, a farkon lokacin bazara, tare da raƙuman farko na rana lokacin bazara, wani toho mai ɗauke da fure ya bayyana.
Koyaya, wani lokacin, saboda dalilai daban-daban, masu lambu suna zaɓar farkon bazara don dasa. Dalilan na iya zama komai daga rashin saukin lokaci zuwa la'akari da halaye na nau'ikan daban-daban. Da ace nau'ikan kwantar da hankali na haɓaka na asali, kuma nau'ikan Arewacin Amurka ba zasu iya tsayayya da yanayin rashin ƙarfi ba.
Yi la'akari da fa'idar amfani da shigowar Afrilu a cikin ƙasa:
- kwararan fitila ba sa buƙatar binne shi a cikin ƙasa kuma an keɓe shi ta musamman, firiji ya dace don ajiya;
- gida "hunturu" yana kawar da daskarewa da ɓarna, yana tabbatar da cikakken aminci;
- tare da kyakkyawan shiri na kasar gona da kwararan fitila, shuka yana sarrafawa da bunkasa a kan lokaci.
Hakanan akwai rashin amfani da ya cancanci a ambata. Misali, a wasu nau'ikan, tushen tsarin bashi da lokaci don samun cikakken ci gaba, kuma tsire-tsire suna wanzu ne kawai saboda ƙarfin kwan fitila. A bayyane yake cewa bai kamata kuyi tsammanin ko girma da ake so ba ko kyakkyawan inflorescences. Wani rashin damuwa shine rashin lililin "bazara" na yara, wanda galibi ana amfani dashi don haifuwa. Af, amfanin gona da aka dasa a kaka suna ba yara kusan 10 lafiya.
Nau'in Tubular ba sa saurin kamuwa da cuta da kuma tsayayya da sanyi, don haka ana ba da shawarar a girma har a cikin yankuna na arewacin
Idan bazara ta kasance gajere kuma tana da sanyi, masana sun bada shawara su guji dasa shuki - filayen fure zasu iya yin fure ne kawai a shekara mai zuwa. html
Don ƙarin kulawar lambun da ya dace, yana da kyau sanya damuna da damuna a wurare daban-daban, tunda shiri na ƙasa, tsarin shayarwa, kayan miya za su bambanta da yawa.
A ƙarshen bazara, a ƙarshen Mayu, kuma a farkon bazara, kada a dasa furannin furanni - tsire-tsire suna da rauni kuma ba a shirya su ba, mafi saukin kamuwa da cututtuka. Lokacin da ya fi dacewa don saukowa a tsakiyar layi shine ƙarshen watan Afrilu.
Spring dasa lilies
Idan kun rasa lokacin bazara ko kawai yanke shawarar gudanar da gwaji, tuna cewa ayyukan dasa shuki suna da wasu bambance-bambance. Dukansu kasar gona a ƙarƙashin furannin fure da tsire-tsire da kansu suna buƙatar ƙarin aiki.
Lura da hankali: kafin dasa shuki furannin fure, kuna buƙatar ƙayyade matsayin su a gonar, la'akari da ƙirar ƙirar shafin. Yadda ake yin shi daidai: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/lilii-v-landshaftnom-dizajne.html
Zabi da kuma adana kayan shuka
Kyakkyawan, furanni masu tsayi za a iya girma daga kwararan fitila waɗanda ba su da alamun cutar - rot, mold, specks, Sikeli, wanda ya bambanta a launi ko kayan rubutu. Tushen ya kamata ya zama "rayayye", ba a bushe ba, tsawon cm 5. Idan siye ya faru a cikin bazara, zai fi kyau sayi kwararan fitila da suka riga aka ba ƙananan 'yan' yanto.
Za a iya gano kwararan fitila mai sauƙin haɗuwa da bayyanar su: flakes na farin fari ko launin rawaya ba su da wani cikas, kuma tushen yana da ƙarfi kuma na roba, ba tare da aibobi ba.
A ce ku kanku kun shirya kayan dasa tun daga faɗuwa kuma kuna son ku kula da kyawawan halayensa har sai lokacin bazara. Sanya kwararan fitila a kasan shelf na firiji kuma a bincika yanayin su a kai a kai. Wataƙila wasu za su yi girma kuma su “harba” gaba da jadawalin. Dole ne a adana ɓarnar, kuma ana iya dasa kwararan fitila cikin kwantena na musamman ko tukwane na fure. Da zarar dusar ƙanƙara ta ƙare, sai “ana yin bacci” da kuma samfurori waɗanda aka shuka a cikin fili.
Akwai matakai da yawa na kariya na kariya don kare kayan shuka daga naman gwari da kwayoyin cuta. Kwayar cuta ta haramtawa ana aiwatar da ita sanannun mafita, misali:
- wanke cikin ruwa mai tsafta, sannan kuma na mintuna 25-30 da aka sanya cikin mawuyacin bayani na manganese - 5-10 g na abu a cikin guga na ruwa;
- an saka shi a cikin maganin maganin kiba "Fundazole" (bisa ga umarnin);
- cire sikeli mai lalacewa, kurkura sosai a cikin ruwa 2-3, sanya shi cikin maganin karbofos (1 tablespoon na abu ya isa kan guga na ruwa) - idan an lura da alamun kamuwa da cuta a kan kwararan fitila.
Sakamakon kariya zai karu idan, bayan dasawa, don sanyaya kanjin. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce amfani da gwangwani filastik ko kwalabe tare da yanke rabin. Kwantena na jujjuyawa suna taka rawar karamin karamin katako don harbe.
Inuwa daga cikin buds na wasu nau'ikan kai tsaye ya dogara da matakin haske, kuma a cikin inuwa m launinta ya zama mafi cikakken, mai haske, mai zurfi
Idan kana buƙatar jigilar kwararan fitila ko kiyaye su “a fallasa” tsawon kwanaki, sanya su a cikin kowane kwantena mai dacewa, an rufe shi da daskararren ciyawa, ƙasa mai yashi, yashi ko ciyawa.
A little shawara ga masoya na Asian hybrids yada da kara kwararan fitila (kafa a lokacin ripening a axils na ganye). Don adanawa a cikin hunturu, an sanya su a cikin jaka ta filastik hermetically kuma sanya tukwane tare da peat, waɗanda aka shigar a cikin daki ko firiji tare da zazzabi na 1-3ºС.
A kan aiwatar da siyarwa, kar ka manta da bayyana launuka iri-iri na lili - wurin, lokaci da yanayin dasa, kazalika da hanyoyin namo ya dogara da wannan.
Preparationasa shiri da aiki
Idan a cikin sharuddan gabaɗaya don gano halayen ƙasa, mai amfani ga fure mai fure, to ya kamata ya kasance sako-sako, lafiya, alkaline, danshi.
Ofaya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓuka don ƙasa don haɓaka furannin fure: cakuda ƙasa turf, peat, yashi kogi, zuriyar dabbobi mai zurfi a daidai gwargwado. Kuna iya ƙara firamare na fure
Don yin wannan, kafin dasawar bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ta narke kuma ta zama mai laushi, muna ɗaukar matakan shirye-shiryen:
- tono saman ƙasa na ƙasa (35-40 cm zurfi);
- shirya magudanar ruwa domin zubar da ruwa;
- idan a baya an shuka wasu nau'in tsirrai a wannan wuri - ƙara ƙasan ƙasa ko substrate;
- wadatar da kasar gona da takin humus ko takin mai-phosphorus-potash;
- rage acidity ga pH 6.5 (laban alli ko 200 g na katako na itace ta 1 m³ na ƙasa);
Saukaka da furanni da zaɓi na tsire-tsire don lambun fure ya dogara da acidity na ƙasa. Karanta ƙarin game da wannan a cikin kayan ƙwararrun: //diz-cafe.com/vopros-otvet/uxod-za-sadom/kislotnost-pochvy-na-cvetnike.html
- ruwa kasar gona lokaci-lokaci don kiyaye shi m.
Za'a iya amfani da ƙaramin tsakuwa ko huhun kogin azaman magudanar ruwa. Domin kwararan fitila su girma lafiya, babba da ƙarfi, za a ƙara ƙara ƙananan allura da yashi. Babban abu - babu takin mai magani ba, musamman taki! A saman mun sanya wani yanki na peat, tsiren fure ko takin.
A lokacin da dasa shuki furanni a cikin ƙasa bude a watan Afrilu, tabbatar da duba yanayin ƙasa - dole ne ya zama danshi, taushi da sako-sako
Muna zaɓar wurin rana da tono rami mara nauyi (har zuwa 10 cm), kodayake ya dogara da yawa akan zaɓin iri-iri. Ban da wasu nau'ikan, ana sanya madaidaitan kwararan fitila a zurfin daidai da diamita uku.
Wasu lambu, don kare sprouts daga bazara bazara frosts, tono ramuka kadan zurfi, amma bi dokar: m wuta kasar, da zurfi rami. Don haka, ana shuka amfanin gona masu ƙarancin girma zuwa zurfin 8 zuwa 12 cm (dangane da girman kwan fitila), tsayi - daga 12 zuwa 20 cm. Idan Tushen yana da ƙarfi sosai, ƙara wani 5 cm.
Matsakancin dasa, kamar zurfin ramuka, ya dogara da iri-iri. Ya isa barin 15-20 cm tsakanin tsintsaye masu tsayi, tsayi da mai ƙarfi ya kamata a rabu da juna tazara ta 25-30 cm.
Haɓaka tsire-tsire ya dogara da zurfin ramuka da tsaka-tsakin tsakanin su: rarrafe ba shi da kyau ga furanni, gonar fure tana kama da ango
Tabbatar cewa shafin Lily dasa ba a ambaliya tare da ruwan bazara. Idan kana son inflorescences ya juya zuwa gidan ko hanya, yi kokarin dasa su a arewacin abubuwan.
Kayan aiki game da dasa shuki da freesia girma shima yana iya zama da amfani: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/freziya-posadka-i-vyrashhivanie-v-domashnix-usloviyax-i-otkrytom-grunte.html
Primary da kuma ciyar da m
Ko da kuwa lokacin dasa shuki furanni, dole ne a ciyar da ƙasa da takin ma'adinai. Guji dattin saniya, musamman ciyayi mai kyau. Yana mummunar tasiri kan ci gaba da kwararan fitila da ci gaban tsirrai a lokacin fure.
Ya danganta da nau'in ƙasa, ana ƙara abubuwa masu zuwa ga ƙasa a cikin bazara:
- nitonium nitrate (1 tbsp.spoon ta 1 m³ na ƙasa);
- nitroammophosco (har zuwa 50 g a guga na ruwa);
- itace ash.
A lokacin da m kasar gona, m dosing dole ne a lura, tun da yawaita ma'adanai kuma da mummunan cutar da ci gaban sprouts. Abinda kawai furannin fure suke ƙauna shine ash. Ana iya ƙarawa a cikin kakar har zuwa sau 5-6. Ash ba wai kawai samar da yanayi na alkaline wanda ke da amfani ga furanni ba, amma yana kare kan wasu nau'in kwari da laka.
Wasu lokuta, musamman a arewacin yankuna, kafin dasa shuki a cikin bude ƙasa, ana shuka furannin furanni a cikin kwantena ko tukwane na fure - har ƙasa ta ɓoye.
Tsire-tsire da aka dasa a cikin bazara, ban da ciyarwar farko, dole ne a haɗar da aƙalla sau 2. Kafin kafa buds, ƙasa ya kamata ta tsinke tare da bayani na nitrofoska, kuma bayan lokacin fure tare da bayani superphosphate (40-50 g kowace guga na ruwa). Toparshen miya na ƙarshe suna ciyar da kwararan fitila, yana shirya su don lokacin hunturu.
A lokaci guda kamar takin zamani na ma'adinai, ana hana cututtuka. A watan Mayu, lokacin da sprouts samu kadan karfi, saturate kasar gona da 1% Bordeaux ruwa. Maimaita tsari kamar wata sau a Yuli, amma riga ta spraying dukan tsire. Idan kun lura da alamun cututtuka a kan shuka, misali, launin toka, ci gaba da miya - kwararan fitila suna buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki.
Fasali na yanayin ruwa
Preasar da aka shirya da kuma ciyar da ita ba ta da amfani idan ba a bi da yalwar ruwa daga lokacin dasa shuki. A ranar farko, dole ne a shayar da ƙasa a hankali, sannan a shayar da kai a kai, lura da yanayi biyu masu muhimmanci:
- hana tururuwa ruwa;
- Karku bushe ƙasa.
Duk wani ta'asar ta ƙunshi dakatar da ci gaba, sakamakon abin da ɗan'uwan bud'ewa da sauran tsarin fure ba zai faru ba gaba ɗaya. Dacewa mai kyau yana ba da mafi kyawun abu don amfanin gona na fure - lush, lafiya, kyawawan inflorescences.
Yana da yalwa don adana danshi cewa needles ko rotted sawdod gauraye cikin ƙasa - suna cike da ruwa kuma kada ku ƙasan ƙasa ta bushe. Kada ku dasa furannin furanni sosai lokacin da ake rarraba danshi a hankali kuma a cikin wadatacce mai yawa.
Zaɓin wani wuri don dasa shuki ya dogara da damar a lokacin rani, amma gwada adana tsirrai a wani yanki mai haske, mai walƙiya ko inuwa mai haske
Safiya da maraice sun dace da ruwa. Ruwa a hankali, gwada fesa ruwa a cikin tushen yankin. Fesa a cikin ganyayyaki na iya haifar da ci gaban cutar (misali botritis) ko ƙonewa. Ruwa na ruwa wani nau'in ruwan tabarau ne wanda ke tattara hasken rana. A wannan ma'anar, yi la'akari da irin wannan hanyar ban ruwa kamar ban ruwa na ruwa - ruwa tare da wani tsinkayen kai tsaye yana zuwa tushen tsirrai, samar musu da cikakkiyar danshi mai danshi.
Menene ban tsoro mai ban tsoro? A cikin yanayin hadari mai sanyi, yanayin sanyi, daskararru yana fifita ci gaban launin ruwan ƙasa, kuma cikin zafin rigar da Fusarium.
Kwaro da kariya daga cuta
Yi la'akari da haɗarin da ke cikin jiran ciyawar da aka dasa a watan Afrilu-Mayu.
A farkon bazara, zaku iya haɗuwa da irin wannan sautin kamar ƙwayar cuta (rigar) rot. Yana bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na launin shuɗi, stains, da farko ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki, sannan yana motsawa zuwa farfajiya. A tsawon lokaci, daukacin tsire-tsire suka kamu da cutar, kuma wuraren da abin ya shafa kawai suna mutuwa. Don kare kanka daga wannan bala'in, ya kamata ka rage yawan shayarwa da kuma kawar da takin nitrogen.
,Ananan, amma haske, aibobi masu launin shuɗi akan ganye suna nuna wata cuta - tsatsa. Ana ɗauke da kwararan fitila, saboda haka yana da daraja a hankali zaɓi kayan dasa. A cikin ganyayyaki masu kamuwa da hankali suna bushewa, saboda haka ana cire su nan da nan. Ruwan Bordeaux, wasu fungicides sun dace da magani.
Phytosporin kyakkyawar kayan aiki ne don yin rigakafi da magani na naman gwari da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta - scab, blackleg, tushen da launin toka mai lalacewa, matsanancin ƙwanƙwasa, tsatsa
Hakikanin bala'in fata na fure shine botritis (mold mold). An rufe kwayar cutar da ke yaduwa da hanzarin yada launin ruwan kasa. Dalilan bayyanar na iya zama daban, amma waɗanda suka fi yawa sune ruwan buguwa da kuma canjin zafin jiki. Don kauce wa ƙira, yana da buƙatar sassauta ƙasa sau da yawa kuma ku kula da tsirrai tare da abubuwa masu ɗauke da jan ƙarfe.
Idan fi na sprouts fara juya launin rawaya, tushen rot ya bayyana. Tana zaune ne kawai a kan tushen kwararan fitila. Dole ne mu tsinkaye shuka, cire sassan da ke da cutar da kuma lalata.
Ba wai kawai cututtuka ba, har ma da wakilan fauna masu lahani na iya cutar da lili: thrips, aphids, gwoza mai ƙwari, larvae na snarls da nutcrackers, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Don lalata su, an sanya wasu ƙwayoyi masu yawa, alal misali, Inta-Vir. Insecticides ba sa jimre da irin ƙwaro irin wannan, saboda haka, ya kamata a cire shi da hannu kawai. Haka kuma, kwaro mai ruwan lemo-mai-ƙwaro yakan lalata.
Fwararrun Lily, porips, aphids, da larvae na beetles suna lalata da Thunder, Povotoks, Mukhoed, Pochin, Medvetoks, da Grizzly.
Wani lokacin ma kwari ne suke mamaye kwari. Baya ga gaba daya raga raga fences, plantings na snowdrop, daffodils ko colchicum ana amfani da su kare da rodents.
Kuskure lokacin da girma furannin
Wasu kurakurai da ke da alaƙar bazara na dasa furannin fure da ci gaba da kula da lambun furen an cika su da mutuwar tsire-tsire, don haka yi ƙoƙarin guje ma su da fari:
- Dasa kwararan fitila a cikin ƙasa. Wannan sigar mahimmin sashi na ambaliyar ruwa, wanda ke nufin cewa furannin fure sun shafi ruwa a cikin wannan yanki zai mutu kawai.
- Take hakkin tsarin ban ruwa. Tsawon fari, kamar sanya ruwa, yana da haɗari ga furanni. Rage ƙasa da sau da yawa, amma mafi yalwa.
- Taki dasa tare da taki. Yana barazanar ɗaukacin kewayon cututtuka. Madadin mullein, yi amfani da humus, ko takin mai nau'in "'' Attazar ''.
- Jin zafi fiye da ƙasa. Hasken rana kai tsaye da tsire-tsire masu lalata zafi. Fita - saukowa a cikin inuwa m da mulching tare da bushe ciyawa ko sawdust.
Kamar yadda kake gani, dokokin dasawa da kula da fure mai sauki, kuma don sakamako mai kyau, abu ɗaya kawai yana da mahimmanci - tsari. Kada kuyi tsammanin fure mai yawa daga dasa shuki a farkon shekarar, amma shekara mai zuwa kyawunta da kwalliya na gadajen fure zasu wuce duk fatan ku.
Kuma a ƙarshe, 'yan ƙarin dubaru akan bidiyo:
