Sansevieria wata itaciya ce mai hade da mallakar Asparagus. Wannan matattararren zamani mara tushe ya na girma a cikin kwararowar hamada a cikin dukkan nahiyoyi. Babban dalilin shahararsa a Rasha shine rashin fassararsa da banbancin waje, wanda mutane suka ambaci sunan shi "wutsiyar pike".
Bayanin
Yawancin nau'ikan basu da tushe: ana tattara ganyayyaki da suka girma daga rhizomes a cikin rosette. Siffar ta musamman ga kowa da kowa: tsayi da gajere, ellipsoidal ko zagaye, xiphoid, a cikin nau'in fensir har ma cokali. Ganyayyaki girma a tsaye sama, amma akwai wasu nau'ikan da ake karkatar da haɓaka kai tsaye. Desaƙwalwar launuka masu launi daga kore mai duhu zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai haske, gudana mai haske yana yiwuwa. An saman saman tare da tip, wanda ba a ba da shawarar ya fasa ba. Yawan haɓaka ya kuma bambanta don tallafi daban-daban: wasu suna girma da sauri, yayin da wasu ba za su nuna fiye da harbe uku ba a cikin shekara guda.
Nau'in Sansevieria
Tebur yana nuna manyan nau'ikan tsire-tsire.
| Bambancin | Bayanin ganye | Siffar |
| Uku-uku | Direct xiphoid, yana girma a tsaye. Koren launi mai ɗorewa. Tall - ya kai sama da mita ɗaya. | Mafi na kowa. Flowering a cikin bazara, inflorescence - panicle, ƙarami, haske kore. |
| Hanni | Soaramin falo mai fasinja. Haske mai rawaya, tare da ratsi mai launin kore a tsakiyar. | Bambanta a cikin da dama subsorts. |
| Silinda | Suna da siffar tubular tare da babban tsagi. Yankin maɗaurin m, saman, ya yi akasin haka, ya bushe da kaifi. | Fure mai laushi mai laushi, wasu lokuta tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. |
| Pickaxe | A cikin fitarwa ba fiye da biyar ba, laushi mai launin kore mai laushi tare da aibobi mai launin shuɗi. | Siffar "ruffled" wacce ba ta dace ba. Gyara zane. Launin launin ruwan kasa na pickaxe ana kiranta Brown. |
| Laurenti | Dogo, kore tare da rawaya mai launin rawaya. | Mafi yawan zaɓaɓɓu. |
| Kalami (Mai canzawa) | Bright cikakken, tare da tsarin halayyar. | Tsarin yana ƙarewa tare da fuskantar kullun zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye. |
| Zeylanik | Wide, ya cika da dige na azurfa. Tsawon da ya saba yi har zuwa rabin mitoci. | Fwanƙwasa launin ruwan hoda, ƙanshin fure mai fure. |
| M | Kodadde kore, yana kaiwa 30 cm. | Juya cikin bututu zuwa saman. |
| Duniyar | Rosette na fiye da ƙananan ganyayyaki goma na siffar xiphoid. | Kamshin furanni yayi kama da 'lilac'. |
| Moonshine | Haske, tare da duhu kore edging da azurfa tsarin. | Tsarin yana faduwa lokacin da aka fallasa shi da haske. |
| Mikado | Silinda mai launin kore launin kore mai launin kore. | Sabbin iri daban-daban. |
| Bali | Ba a gama zagaye ba a cikin karamin kanti, tsarin azurfa. | |
| Wutar gwal | Launi mai haske mai haske yana kama da wuta mai ƙarfi. | Fassara ma'anar "harshen wuta." |
| Bakularis | M kore, silinti. | M launi ba tare da tsari ba. |
| Boneselensis | Gajere (har zuwa 30 cm), silili. | Tsarin-fanko tsari. |
| Grandis | Wide da kuma babban, a cikin babban kanti. | Fassara na nufin "babba." |
Kowace rana akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan 'harshen uwa': arusha, velveteen, Masonic, Francisi, manolin da sauransu da yawa.
Kulawa
Sansevieria na bukatar kulawa ta kwarai.
Haske
Yanayin yanayi na sansevieria shine savannas na rana da hamada. Maganin mafi kyawun wannan shuka shine wurin akan taga. Ba tare da madaidaicin adadin hasken ba, ba zai bushe ba, amma zai rasa bayyanar da sabon salo da haske.
Banda taga yana fuskantar kudu: yawan hasken rana kai tsaye shima zai shafi lafiyar mai nasara.
Bishiyoyi daban-daban suna da buƙatu na musamman don adadin hasken, wanda ya dogara da fifikon wani launi a launi: mafi launin rawaya, lessarancin haske da shuka yake buƙata, zai juya kore. Wannan baya nufin buƙatar dakatar da amfani da hasken rana gaba ɗaya. Yana da kyawawa cewa shuka yana cikin yankin kan iyaka, wannan shine yadda mai succulent bai sami kunar rana a jiki ba kuma bai canza launi ba.
Zazzabi
Sansevieria ba mai tsinkaye bane, yanayin da akafi so shine daga +20 zuwa + 30 ° C yayin rana kuma daga + 16 ° C da dare.
Ba'a ba da shawarar cewa tsire-tsire ya kasance koyaushe a cikin ɗakuna waɗanda yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa a ƙasa + 10 ° C, ko a windows bude don samun iska - furen zai faɗi rashin lafiya ya mutu.
Watse
Sansevieria tana nufin maye gurbin, wato, yana adana ruwa a cikin ganyayyaki kuma tsawon lokaci yana yi ba tare da shi ba. Da yawa suna haifar da lalacewar tushe, don haka da wuya ku buƙaci danshi lokacin da ƙasa a cikin tukunya ta bushe gaba ɗaya. Ruwa ya zama mai tsabta, ba ruwan sanyi sosai.
A m na yanayi zafin jiki, da ƙasa da ruwa da shuka bukatun.
Musamman musamman da aka bayar da shawarar da za a biya zuwa ga rashin ruwa a tsakiyar kanti, wanda yafi kula danshi da rots idan ya tashi. Ba lallai ba ne a fesa, amma yana da kyau a goge da rigar rag don kada ƙura ta tara.
Manyan miya
A cikin lokutan canjin yanayi (lokacin bazara / kaka), ana bada shawarar yin amfani da takin zamani bisa ma'adanai, waɗanda aka tsara musamman don maye. Lokacin zabar su, ya kamata a kula da hankali ga abubuwan da ke cikin nitrogen a cikin abun da ke ciki: babban matakin wannan kashi yana cutar da shuka.
Yawan abinci mai cike da kayan abinci wanda aka ƙayyade a cikin umarnin an rage shi da rabi, kuma a gaban ratsi ko alamu - sau uku. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, ganyen zai zama tsayayyen launi.
A lokacin bazara, wutsiyar huhun yana haɗuwa sau ɗaya a wata; a cikin hunturu, wannan zaɓi ne. Ba tare da ciyarwa ba, zai rayu ba tare da wata matsala ba, yayin da akai akai, akasin haka, ya cutar da lafiyar da kyau na succulent.
Zaɓin tukunya da dasawa
Sansevieria ba ta da ban tsoro game da ƙasa, amma rabe-raben hannun jari guda bakwai ne zai fi dacewa da shi, waɗanda huɗu daga cikinsu sod ne, biyu filayen farashi ne da kuma ɓangaren yashi. Soilasa ta musamman don succulents da cacti kuma sun dace. Sau da yawa girma hydroponically. Kwata daga tukunyar tukunya ya kamata ya mamaye farji. Misali, waina.
Tukunyar da aka saba yi itace kadan saboda shuka. Game da lokacin da kuke buƙatar juyawa, ana yanke hukuncin su ta hanyar tushen: idan suka fara girma ko ya fasa tukunyar, to lokaci ya yi. Wannan yakan faru ne sau ɗaya a kowace shekara.
Tsararren Tsarin Tsira:
- An zaɓi tukunyar tukunyar-masakiya: sabon yana da santimita da yawa da yawa fiye da tsohon.
- Lambatu da m substrate fada barci, barin dakin ga shuka.
- Zuba cikin tsohuwar tukunya.
- Lokacin da aka cika ƙasa, an cire wutsiyar wutsiya daga tsohuwar tukunyar.
- Tushen ana tsabtace a hankali na tsohuwar ƙasa.
- Sansevieria an sanya shi a cikin akwati, an ƙara ƙasa har sai an rufe tushen.
- Ana zaune a cikin inuwa don 'yan kwanaki ba tare da yin sha ba da kuma samun damar yin amfani da rana.
A lokacin juyawa, ya kamata a shigar da wani goyon baya domin har yanzu ba a kafe itaciyar ba ta fadi ba saboda kaddarawar manyan ganye.
Sake bugun Sansevieria
Sansevieria tana yaduwa tare da taimakon sassan ganyayyaki da tsaba. More sau da yawa fiye da wasu, ana amfani da hanyar dasa 'yar gefen harbe harbe.
Algorithm din ya kunshi wadannan matakai:
- Zabi cikakkiyar ƙirar matasa, wacce take a nesa da isasshen nesa daga mafita.
- Ana cire daji gaba daya daga tukunya.
- Rarraba daga cikin harba tare da daji tare da kayan aiki mai rauni.
- Canza tserewa zuwa cikin tukunyar filawa daban.
- Thearfafa goyon baya.
- Fesa.
Hanya ta gaba ita ce yaduwar amfani da itace. Domin dukkan tsirrai biyu su kasance lafiya, ya wajaba:
- Zaɓi sikelin mai matsakaici.
- Gyara daya bisa uku na takardar.
- An raba sashin da aka yanke kashi zuwa kashi biyar santimita a girman.
- Sanya waɗannan sassan a cikin ƙasa biyu santimita.
- Fesa sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki.
Idan ganyen da aka ɗauka don dasawa yana da tube, to, ana sanya filayen a ƙasa tare da raɗaɗin haske zuwa ƙasa, in ba haka ba zai yi fure mai inuwa.
Kula da kurakurai
Babban dalilan haifar da bushewa da mutuwar sansevieria sune dalilai masu zuwa:
| Kuskure | Sakamakon haka | Yadda ake cirewa |
| Kyawawan ruwa. | Rot na Tushen, mirgina sama. Mutuwar shuka. | Ana cire sassan lalacewar shuka, dasa ruwa, iyakance ruwa. |
| Hypothermia. | Jihar bari. | Yin kaciya, yana motsawa zuwa ɗakin dumi. |
| Babban zafi. | Bayyanuwar launin ruwan kasa. | Cire gabobin da abin ya shafa, fuskantar fitowar hasken rana. |
Cututtuka, kwari da sarrafawa
"Harshen surukar mahaifiyarta" tana da ƙarfi da taƙasa, duk da haka, akwai barazanar ci gabanta: Cutar da ta fi kamari ita ce rot
| Rot | Bayyanuwa | Hanyoyin kamuwa da cuta |
| Taushi | Tausasawa ginin mafita, kamshin kifayen kifi. | Siyan furanni mara lafiya, zafi mai laushi. |
| Tushen | Maɓallin launuka masu launuka masu yawa waɗanda suke ɗaukar fasali marasa daidaituwa. | Ruwa yana shiga tushe na kanti, kasa mara lafiya. |
| Sheet | Duhun duhu tare da jayayya. | Wuce kima. |
Haka kuma, inji mai saukin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta:
| Kwaro | Bayyanuwa | Yaki |
| Spider mite | Yellowing, ganye Fade kuma mutu. | Fesa tare da kayan ado na peels na orange ko Fitoverm. |
| Thrips | Rashin launi na halitta, launin ruwan kasa da ƙaramin ƙarfe. | Bi da tare da kwari. |
| Mealybug | Leaf fall, lethargy, discoloration da kuma siffar. | Tsutsotsi su zauna a gindi. Dole ne a zaɓa su kuma a zubar da su. A lokuta masu wahala, ana bada magani tare da kalbofos. |
Mista Dachnik ya ba da shawara: ribobi da dabarun sansevieria a cikin gidan
Sansevieria ana kiranta ozonizer na halitta, saboda haka shine zakara a cikin adadin oxygen wanda aka samar. Bugu da kari, kayan amfani na shuka sune:
- Ciyar da carbon dioxide daga iska.
- Kewaya da maras tabbas - maganin “rigakafi” wanda ke hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da cututtuka a cikin gida.
- Gruel daga ganyen tsiro zai iya taimakawa tare da wasu cututtukan fata.
- A kasar Sin, sun yi imani da cewa "wutsiyar wutar orchid" tana kawo kwanciyar hankali, sa'a mai kyau kuma yana daukar makamashi mai cutarwa a cikin gidan.
Tare da duk fa'idodi, wutsiyar maraki tana da rashin nasara da yawa:
- Babban abun ciki na saponin - mai guba ne wanda yake haifar da amai lokacin cin abinci.
- Wasu mutane suna da kaifi gefuna, ƙananan yara, ko dabbobi masu sha'awar abubuwa.
- Furanni suna haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki.
