Hemanthus ko "harshe na deer" - fure ne daga dangin Amaryllis, asalin halittar Bulbous. Ya girma a cikin wurare masu zafi na Afirka, gandun daji, a kan tsaunin tuddai. Ya sami sunan ta saboda siffar ganye mai kama da harshen deer. Fassara a helenanci a matsayin "fure mai jini."
Karl Linney, shahararren masanin ilimin botanist ne ya kawo wannan Turawan har abada zuwa Turai. Ya juya ya zama rashin fassara, da sauri ya dace da sabuwar nahiyar. Iri na shi Bloom ba kawai ja, har ma da fari, orange.
Bayanin Hemanthus
Hemanthus ya girma daga kwan fitila, yana da ganye rataye, an shirya shi nau'i-nau'i a gaban juna, launinsu ya bambanta da iri-iri. Hakanan sun bambanta a siffar: fadi, zagaye a gefe, elongated, tare da nuna gefuna, ana sabunta su kowace shekara. An rufe shi da ɗan gajeriyar magana, santsi, m. Kwararan fitila suna da yawa, tare da sikeli.
Yana fure a lokacin rani, wasu nau'ikan kaka. Umbrella inflorescences sun bayyana a watan Yuli na Agusta ko Agusta, ƙanshi ba ta da daɗi, 'ya'yan itaciyar orange sun haɗu da Disamba, ana amfani da tsaba don yaduwa. "Harshen deer" yana da ikon yin pollination.
Yawancin nau'ikan hemanthus
Akwai nau'ikan hemanthus sama da arba'in. Baya ga cikin gida, akwai nau'ikan don ado a kan titi. Katarina da Belotvetkovy sun fi yawa a tsakanin masu noman fure.
| Digiri | Bayanin |
| Katarina | Kyakkyawan fasalin a cikin ganye mai zurfi na elongated, wavy tare gefuna. Located a kan babban fadi da m, har zuwa 15 cm tsawo. Furannin furanni masu haske suna bayyana a yanayin ƙyalli a cikin kibiya. |
| Farar fata | Tushen tushe, ana samun samfurori da yawa daga gare ta. Wide, m m ganye 20 cm tsawo, m a saman, tare da hairs a gefen. Farin inflorescences tare da anhs na rawaya a saman, saboda wannan yana kama da ƙura da foda. Peduncle gajere, lokacin farin ciki. Farantawa tare da fure daga ƙarshen bazara zuwa tsakiyar hunturu. |
| Yarima Albert | Kafa daga farin-flowered hemanthus, bred by shayarwa, halin sau biyu kamar yadda babban inflorescences da orange launi. |
| Rumman | Dogon ganye mai launin shuɗi, ganye na burgundy a gefuna na lamuran lemu. |
| Brindle | An bambanta jinsunan ta hanyar tabo, ƙananan, mai fure mai haske mai fure. |
| Farar fata (babu komai) | Boiled farin tare da ɗan gajeren zango mara nauyi. |
| Cinnabar | Tana da ganyayyaki biyu ko hudu, babban farfaji, zagaye, fure a farkon, a watan Afrilu. |
| Maimaitawa (scadoxus) | Furannin furanni masu launin ja suna kan faren falon furanni, ganyayyaki mai laushi. |
| Linden | Bambancin don ƙasa mai buɗewa, tana da ganye shida da tsayi da yawa, masu kama da lilin na kwari, mai haske ja. |
| Scarlet | An kwatanta shi da laima-ruwan hoda da gefuna na ganye. |
Kulawa Hemanthus a gida
'Harshen barewa' ya fi son wuraren da ba su da haske, amma baya son hasken rana. Barin ba shi da wahala, mara misaltawa a gida, ya gamshi da kyawunsa.
Furen yakan saba jure bushewar iska, koda kusa da batirin. Yawancin lokaci sanya shi a gabas, gefen yamma, a lokacin rani zaka iya ɗaukar shi a waje.
Wani lokaci kuna buƙatar tsaftace ganye daga ƙura tare da soso mai ruwa.
Matsakaicin zafin jiki shine + 18 ... +22 ° C. A lokacin rani, sukan zubo kan narke, ruwa a zahiri, bayan sun bushe ƙasa da cm 2. A kai a kai magudana ruwa daga kwanon. Ba a bukatar yayyafa ruwa ba.
Overdrying fure ba tsoro. Yawan nau'in Evergreen basa buƙatar shayarwa a lokacin dormancy. A cikin bazara, a lokacin rani, hemanthus ya kamata a haɗa shi da gaurayawar ma'adinai don kwan fitila, sau 1-2 a wata. Wajibi ne a kwance ƙasa a tukunya.
Gudun ruwa
Hemanthus blooms a lokacin rani, blooms har Nuwamba, ƙanshi ne takamaiman. An samu yawo ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi. Yana buƙatar shayarwa a lokacin rani, ya huta a cikin hunturu, yana lura da mafi yawan zafin jiki na yanayi.
Ciki na yau da kullun yana ba da gudummawa ga fure, ana buƙatar ƙananan jita-jita don ita. Idan ba za a yi amfani da 'ya'yan itacen don yaduwa ba, ana yanka farfaji.
Lokacin hutawa
Tun daga Oktoba, lokacin farawa, ganye ya bushe, an yanke. Watering yana da iyaka. Oye fure a zazzabi + 12 ... 15 ° C. A kasar gona ya kamata dan kadan m.
A watan Fabrairu, an sake dasa shuka, sannan a sake fara shayarwa. A cikin hunturu, ana sa hemanthus a wuri mai duhu.
Juyawa
An dasa shuka sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3, yayin da aka raba kwararan fitila. Ana yin wannan a ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris don cire furen da sauri.
Soilasa don dasa yakamata ta ƙunshi Turf, ƙasa mai ganye, humus, yashi daidai. Isarfin da ake buƙata yana da faɗe kuma ba nisa, an shimfiɗa magudanar a ƙasan. An dasa kwan fitila a cikin zurfin kashi ɗaya bisa uku.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa tsire-tsire mai guba ne, tabbatar da amfani da kayan aiki masu kariya.
Kiwo
Ana aiwatar da yaduwar Hemanthus ta hanyoyi uku - yan itace (ganye), tsaba, kwararan fitila.
An yanke ganyen waje, da farko ana bi da su da gawayi, an bushe, sannan a dasa su a cikin yashi tare da yashi. Lokacin da kwararan fitila suka bayyana, sun rabu. Hemanthus zai yi fure a cikin shekaru 3-4.
Saboda haka cewa tsaba ba su rasa germination, suna nan da nan sown a kan wani haske substrate kunsha na greenhouse, deciduous, m ƙasa tare da Bugu da kari na peat da kashi ci abinci.
Foda da sauran hutawa ba su da ake bukata. Sanya a ƙarƙashin fim, kula da zafi. Don haka, fure yana faruwa a cikin shekaru biyar.
'Ya'yan kwararan fitila sun rabu, a cikin wani akwati. Shekaru uku bayan haka, inflorescences zai bayyana.
Kuskuren kulawar Hemanthus
Tare da kulawa mara kyau, hemanthus bazai yi fure ba - saboda yawan zafin jiki a cikin hunturu, rashin haske, shayarwa, kuma ganga mai yawa. Mafi yawan lokuta:
- Rotting na kwararan fitila na faruwa, wanda ke nufin cewa kamuwa da cuta ya shafi shuka.
- Grey shafi na faruwa ne saboda tsananin ruwa.
- Rawanin rawaya a cikin ganyayyaki suna bayyana lokacin da aka sanya shi a rana ko kuma yawan ruwa.
- Pairasan ganye na ƙasa ya zama mai launin toka, wanda ke nufin furen yana shirya don hutawa.
- Black buds suna nuna iska mai sanyi ko zafi mai ƙarfi.
- Ganyayyaki sun faɗi a ƙarshen kaka - sababbi za su bayyana a lokacin bazara.
Yi jita-jita don girma fure ya kamata ya zama santimita huɗu kawai girma fiye da kwan fitila.
Cutar Kwaro
Itace yana shafawa cututtukan fungal da kwari na kwari:
- Staginosporosis, shi ne Amaryllis wanda ke yin barazanar - aibobi masu launin ja-rawaya, ratsi suna bayyana akan ganyayyaki, farfajiya, huɗa, kwararan fitila, da ake kira ja rot. Wajibi ne don cire wuraren da cutar ta kama, yin shuka dasawa, yayin yankan sassan sassan da ke cikin kwararan fitila. Don bi da tare da shirye-shirye don yaƙi da fungal (Oksik, Fundazolum), sulfate jan karfe.
- Gizo-gizo gizo-gizo - ya samar da gidan yanar gizo mai santsi, dige marasa launi sun bayyana. Fesa tare da Actellik, Actara.
- Scaffold - da farko cire shi tare da auduga swab tsoma a cikin soapy ruwa, sa'an nan kuma ruwan fure tare da shawa, fesa tare da malathion.
- Grey rot - necrotic spots an kafa, an dasa shuka, wannan cutar ba amenable don magani.
- Aphids da thrips kuma zasu iya bayyana akan hemanthus. Bi da tare da sunadarai na musamman.
Don hana cututtuka, yakamata a canza ma'adanin furanni don fure, a duba shi akai-akai don kwari. Yawan ruwa sosai na iya lalata fari.
