Ficus microcarp: bayanin, kulawar gida

Ficus microcarp (Moklama ko Moklama) - bishiyar itace mai kama da itace, mallakar gidan Mulberry ne. Ya zo daga Kudu maso Gabashin China, Japan, Philippines, Taiwan, Indonesia, da Arewacin Ostiraliya.

Bayanin Ficus Moklama

A karkashin yanayin halitta, shuka ya kai m 25, kuma tare da haɓaka gidan - ba fiye da 1.5 m. Halin da ba a saba dashi ba shi ne mai kauri, amma a lokaci guda na bakin ciki da ƙyalli, tushe mai tushe da kambi mai haske ko kambi mai motsi. Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai epiphyte, yana da tushen jijiyoyi da yawa.

Microicp din Ficus yana da ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa waɗanda ke kama da berries, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ya sami wannan suna. A gida, ba sa inganta, kamar furanni, saboda ƙarancin pollination. Ganyen bishiyar karamar itace mai laushi, lanceolate, petioles gajere ne.

Anyi amfani da shi a cikin floriculture na ado kamar bonsai.

Wakilai biyu na ficus microcarp

Bambanci tsakanin nau'in wannan wakilin ficus yana da ƙarami, kawai a launi da farantin ganye:

Variegata (Albumarginata) - ganye daban-daban, yana son haske sosai. Mara misalai.
Ginseng (ginseng) shine babbar fa'ida a cikin asalin farin karshin asali, ganyayyaki sune kore talakawa. Lokacin ƙirƙirar bonsai, girmamawa tana kan tsarin tushe, don haka an datse kambi.

Kula da ficus microcarp a gida

Ficus microcarp ba shi da ma'ana a cikin kulawa, yayin da tare da ingantaccen samuwar, zaku iya samun sifofin da basu dace ba.

Matakan farko

Kulawar da ta dace da shuka bayan bayyanar gidan ta ƙudura da jin daɗin rayuwarta a nan gaba.

Yana da mahimmanci a cire fure daga wasu tsirrai kuma a kula da yanayin ta. Idan an gano kwari ko cututtuka, dole ne a ɗauki matakan da suka dace.

Da farko, dasawar takarda ta bar ganye, wannan tsari ne na dabi'un halitta. Ana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullum da kuma fesawa yau da kullun, tare da ƙari da haɓakar haɓaka. Bayan kwanaki 14, ana iya yin dasa ficus.

Wuri, Haske

Nan da nan bayan saye, ƙayyade wurin furen.

A shuka fi son dimin haske, high zafi da kuma rashin zayyana.

An sanya nau'in ginseng a kan windows, arewa maso yamma da kudu maso yamma, magudanar za ta ji daɗi a kan gabas, kudu maso gabas, saboda ya fi hoto. A cikin hunturu, ana amfani da hasken mai kyalli.

Wurin ficus daga tsarin dumama - 2 m, ba ƙasa ba.

Zazzabi

Abin so - + 19 ... +24 ° C. A cikin lokacin bazara mai zafi, suna yin iska, amma ba su yarda da zayyana ba. A cikin hunturu, lokacin da shuka take hutawa, tana iya sauka zuwa +15 ° C. Idan ganga da ficus yana ƙasa, tabbata cewa tushen ba daskarewa.

Watering, zafi

Cikakkiyar ban ruwa na da matukar muhimmanci, wanda ya danganta da lokacin, zazzabi da zafi na ɗakin, girman tukunya da sauran abubuwan. Wajibi ne a lura da yanayin fure kuma, ga kowane batawa, daidaita kulawa.

A shuka fi son matsakaici watering. Tare da rashin danshi, yana zubar da ganyayyaki. Yana yiwuwa a bi halin da ake ciki a ƙasa. Lokacin da bushe - shayar.

Jin zafi mai dadi - 70%. A alamomi a ƙasa, ana fesa ficus lokaci-lokaci, ana shirya ruwan wanka sau ɗaya a wata.

Juya, ƙasa, tukunya

Matasan ficuses suna buƙatar juyawa na shekara-shekara, mafi tsofaffi bayan shekaru 2. Ku ciyar da ita a farkon bazara.

Tsarin mataki-mataki-ya kunshi wadannan ayyuka:

An ɗauki tukunya 4 cm fiye da na baya, amma idan fure ba ta girma da yawa, ya isa ya maye gurbin ƙasa;
Ba a shayar da shuka yadda babu ragowar cakuda tsohuwar ƙasa akan asalinsu. An cire shi a hankali daga tukunyar, yana girgiza ƙasa. Tushen yanka kadan
Containerauki akwati da aka shirya tare da malalewa da magudan ruwa don ficus. A ƙasa za a iya shirya a gaba da kansa daga sheet turf, peat, yashi (daidai adadin), tare da Bugu da kari na ash (0.5 part).
Sanya itacen a tsakiyar tukunyar a yayyafa shi, a rufe shi ta kwanon a cikin kwandon.

Don tsofaffin tsirrai, ƙasa na abubuwan da ke gaba sun fi dacewa:

takarda ƙasa da turf (2 sassa kowane);
yashi da humus (kashi 1 kowanne)
gawayi (0,5).

Manyan miya

A cikin lokacin ciyayi (bazara - kaka), ficus yana buƙatar takin zamani - sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 14. Zai yuwu a hada manyan riguna da fesawa - sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 20. A wannan yanayin, an rage taro na miyagun ƙwayoyi (duba umarnin). Ana amfani da gaurayawan musamman don katako ko don girma bonsai. Zaman lafiya (ƙarshen kaka - hunturu) - sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 40.

Halita

Don samar da kyakkyawan kambi, ana shuka tazara a kai a kai. Yi wannan a cikin bazara da bazara lokacin da furen yake girma. An ba da izinin sabbin rassa don haɓaka ganye guda 10, sannan a yanke su, suna barin 3. A hankali a cire ruwan milk din da aka saki kuma yayyafa da carbon carbon foda mai aiki.

Idan kuna son yin girma Bonsai, an yanke saman ƙwayar ficus lokacin da ya kai 15 cm, don haɓaka ayyukan gewaye. Sannan gajartar da shuka ya dogara da tunanin mai shi.

Kiwo

Ficus microcarp an yadu dashi ta hanyoyi guda uku.

Yankan

Mafi shahararrun hanyar:

Theauki cuttings ɗin da suka rage daga datsa (a yanka a wani gefen ɓoye), sanya rana ɗaya a cikin ruwan dumi.
Matsa zuwa sabon akwati tare da ruwa mai ɗumi tare da ƙari na gawayi.
Lokacin da tushen ya bayyana, suna dasa a cikin ƙaramin gilashi tare da ƙasa, suna rufe shi da kwandon shara.
Sabbin ganye ganye ne na alama don dasawa zuwa cikin ƙasa a cikin tukunya mafi girma, tare da zurfin zurfin 3-5 cm daga suma suna yin nau'in greenhouse. A kai a kai moisten seedling ta spraying.
Rooting faruwa a wata daya.

Maimaitawa

Lokacin da yake yada ficus ta wannan hanyar, ba a yada fasalin halayen mahaifiyar shuka:

An yi sare bishiyar bishiyar (10 cm), yana tashi daga saman ta 50 cm.
Bayan kin bushe yanki, a rufe shi da gansakuka da fim.
Bayan samuwar Tushen a wannan wuri, kambi ya rabu da babban akwati kuma ana dasa shi a wata tukunyar.

Irin

Wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar shuka shuka tare da tushen sabon abu:

Ana sanya tsaba mai taushi da madauri a cikin akwati mai kauri, tare da shimfidar magudanar ruwa da ƙasa mai laushi.
Rarraba akan farfajiya da yashi.
Tare da rufe kayan abu (gilashi, fim).
Tainauke da tsire-tsire a zazzabi + 22 ... +25 ° C.
Bayan kwanaki 14-28, lokacin da ganyen farko suka bayyana, sai aka shuka tsiron.
A kai a kai aka fesa.
Bayan watanni 2, sanya a cikin tukwane daban.

Kuskure a cikin kula da ficus microcarp, cututtuka, kwari

Lokacin da ya karkace daga ka'idodi don kula da microcarp ficus, zai iya yin rashin lafiya har ma ya mutu. Lokacin shayar da shuka ya zama dole, yana yiwuwa ba kawai don juya Tushen ba, har ma bayyanar kwari kamar kwari gizo-gizo. Rashin danshi da zafi mai wuce haddi na haɓaka haifuwar aphid.

Bayyanuwa akan ganye, da sauransu.	Dalilai	Cirewa
Fadowa.	na halitta; canjin yanayi; tukunya mara dacewa ko ƙasa; ƙarancin haske ko da yawa; daskarewa daga cikin tushen.	kada ku kula; kada ku motsa da ba dole ba; canza tukunya, idan ya bayyana sarai cewa tana da faɗi, ku bi da ƙasa da sinadarin fungicides (Fitosporin, potassiumganganate); canza yanayi.
Bayyanuwar duhu aibobi.	Tushen rot.	Rage ruwa. Izinin ƙasa a cikin tukunya ta bushe. Sanya magunan magudana.
Darkening, softening daga tushen sa.	Fusarium	Canza wuri zuwa wuri mai ɗumi, ruwa kamar yadda ƙasa take bushewa.
Bayyanar farin plait, cobwebs.	Spider mite.	Don magance tare da swab moistened a cikin barasa ko daga sabulu wanka bayani ko fesa tare da kwari (Actellik).
Bayyanuwar duffai duhu, wanda idan an kusa bincika su kwari ne.	Aphids.	Yi wanka a cikin maganin maganin taba ko sabulu.

Mr. mazaunin bazara ya ba da sanarwar: ficus microcarp - fa'ida da lahani

Ficus ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire wanda ke haifar da kwanciyar hankali na gida da kwanciyar hankali na rayuwar iyali. Bugu da kari, yana tsarkake iska, cike shi da iskar oxygen da kuma shan abubuwan cutarwa. Amma a lokaci guda, ruwan 'ya'yan itacen shuka mai guba ne.

Dukkanin jan kafa tare da fure yakamata a gudanar dasu tare da safofin hannu kuma cire abubuwan da suke ciki a cikin gidan da yara da dabbobi ke zaune.